定冠詞與不定冠詞的用法

定冠詞與不定冠詞的用法

2021/5/91冠詞知識(shí)要點(diǎn)： 冠詞是一種虛詞，放在名詞的前面，幫助說(shuō)明名詞的含義。冠詞分不定冠詞（TheIndefiniteArticle）和定冠詞（ThedefiniteArticle）兩種。a(an)是不定冠詞，a用在輔音之前：如abook,aman;an用在元音之前，如：anoldman,anhour,aninterestingbook等。the是定冠詞。2021/5/92一、不定冠詞的用法1、指人或事物的某一種類(lèi)（泛指）。這是不定冠詞a(an)的基本用法。如：Sheisagirl.Iamateacher.Pleasepassmeanapple.2021/5/932、指某人或某物，但不具體說(shuō)明何人或何物。如：Heborrowedastory-bookfromthelibrary.AWangislookingforyou.一位姓王的同志正在找你。2021/5/943、表示數(shù)量，有“一”的意思，但數(shù)的概念沒(méi)有one強(qiáng)烈。如：Ihaveamouth,anoseandtwoeyes.2021/5/954、用在世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前。如：theearth,themoon,thesun.2021/5/965、用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前。（副詞最高級(jí)前的定冠詞可省略）如：Heisalwaysthefirsttocometoschool.Bobisthetallestinhisclass.2021/5/976、用在某些專(zhuān)有名詞前（由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專(zhuān)用名詞）。如：theGreatWall,theSummerPalace,theScienceMuseum,theChildren’sPalace,theParty2021/5/987、用在一些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中。如：ontheday,inthemorning(afternoon,evening),thedayaftertomorrow,thedaybeforeyesterday,thenextyear,bytheway2021/5/998、用在江河湖海、山脈前。如：theYellowRiver,thePacificOcean,theAlps,theHimalayas2021/5/9109、用在報(bào)刊、雜志前。如：thePeople’sDaily,theEveningPaper,theTimes泰晤士報(bào)2021/5/91110、表示某一家人要加定冠詞。如：TheBrownsareathometoreceivevisitorstoday.布朗一家今天要接待客人。2021/5/91211、用在形容詞前，表某一類(lèi)人。如：thepoor,thewounded,theliving,thedead,therich,thesick2021/5/91312、定冠詞可以表示一事物內(nèi)部的某處。如：Thedriveralwayssitsinthefrontofthebus(car).2021/5/914三、零冠詞（即不用冠詞）：1、專(zhuān)用名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前。如：China,America,GradeOne,ClassTwo,milk,oil,water,paper,science等。2021/5/9152、名詞前已有作定語(yǔ)用的this,that,my,your,some,any等代詞。如：Godownthisstreet.2021/5/9163、復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類(lèi)人或事物時(shí)。如：Wearestudents.Ilikereadingstories.2021/5/9174、節(jié)日、日期、月份、季節(jié)前。如：Teachers’Day,Children’sDay,NationalDay,insummer,inJuly等。TodayisNewYear’sDay.ItisSunday.March8isWomen’sDay.2021/5/9185、在稱(chēng)呼語(yǔ)或表示頭銜的名詞前，尤其作表語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)時(shí)。如：What’sthematter,Granny?Weelectedhimmonitor.2021/5/9196、在某些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中的名詞前。如：atnoon,atnight,atfirst,atlast,atmost,atleast,bybus(train,air,sea),inbed,intime,infrontof,gotoschool,gotobed,gotocollege,onfoot,attable,inink,inpencil等。2021/5/9207、在三餐飯和球類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)前。如：Shegoestoschoolafterbreakfasteverymorning.Wearegoingtoplayfootball.Weusuallyhavelunchatschool.2021/5/9218、科目前不加。如：WelearnChinese,maths,Englishandsomeothersubjects.2021/5/922總結(jié)1.

There

is

a

rabbit

under

the

tree.

The

rabbit

is

eating

a

carrot.

第一次提到某物，用不定冠詞，再次提到相同的事物，用定冠詞2021/5/9232.

Who

is

your

best

friend

in

the

company?雖然第一次提到，但是說(shuō)話雙方都知道的那個(gè)company.2021/5/9243.

Bill

Gates

is

the

richest

man

in

the

world.形容詞或副詞最高級(jí)前一定要用the。如果a,

an和最高級(jí)連用，意思就變了：Bill

Gates

is

a

richest

man

in

the

world.比爾蓋茨是世界上最有錢(qián)的人之一。2021/5/9254.表示某一類(lèi)事物時(shí)，可以用定冠詞，不定冠詞和復(fù)數(shù)三種形式表達(dá)比如：The

elephant

is

a

friendly

animal.

An

elephant

is

a

friendly

animal.

Elephants

are

a

friendly

animal.注意：?jiǎn)螖?shù)可數(shù)名詞前一定要用冠詞，無(wú)論名詞前有多少修飾語(yǔ)比如：My

mother

is

a

kind,

generous,

optimistic,

open-minded,

and

honest

person2021/5/926練習(xí)1、Wecan’tlivewithout_____air. A．a(chǎn)n

B．×

C．the D．some

答：Bair是不可數(shù)名詞。2、——Haveyouseen____pen?Ileftitherethismorning. ——Isit___blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere. A．a(chǎn);the B．the;the C．the;a D．a(chǎn);a答：D根據(jù)句意，第一空是泛指，第一次出現(xiàn)；第二空仍是泛指，且表數(shù)量“－”。3、I’vebeenwaitingforhimfor ____hourand____half. A．×;×

B．the;a C．a(chǎn);the D．a(chǎn)n;a答：D元音前用an。4、What___fineweatherwehavetoday! A．a(chǎn) B．× C．someD．a(chǎn)n答：Bweather是不可數(shù)名詞。5、Haveyoueverseen_______astallasthisone? A．a(chǎn)tree

B．suchtree C．a(chǎn)ntree

D．tree答：A泛指2021/5/9276、Childrenusuallygoto___schoolat____ageofsix. A．×;the

B．a(chǎn);an

C．the;× D．the;the答：Agotoschool是固定短語(yǔ)。7、_____Himalayasis____highestmountainin_______world. A．×;the;×

B．The;the;the C．A;a;a D．×;×;×答:B山脈、形容詞最高級(jí)及世界上的唯一的名詞前加定冠詞。8、Theyeachhave___book.LiHua’sisabout ____writer.WangLin’sison ____science. A．a(chǎn);a;× B．the;×;the C．×;the;× D．a(chǎn);the;a答：A第一、二空泛指，第三空，science是不可數(shù)名詞。9、 _____Physicsis _____scienceofmatterandenergy. A．The;× B．×;×

C．×;the

D．A;a答：C第一空，科目前不加冠詞；第二空特指，有定語(yǔ)。10、 ___sunrisesin____eastandsetsin ____west. A．A;an;a

B．The;×;× C．The;the;the D．A;the;a答：C2021/5/92811、Manypeopleagreethat__knowledgeofEnglishisamustin__internationaltradetoday. A．a(chǎn);× B．the;an

C．the;the D．×;the答：A第一空，a+不可數(shù)名詞表具體的介紹；第二空，trade不可數(shù)。12、___MrJonescalledwhileyouwereout(neitherofusknowsthisman).Hewasin__badtemper. A．×;a B．A;× C．The;the D．A;a答：D第一空是指有一位瓊斯先生在您不在的時(shí)候來(lái)訪。（括號(hào)里說(shuō)明，我們倆都不認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)人，因此不是特指。）第二空是固定短語(yǔ)，情緒不好。13、Theywereat__dinnerthen.Itwas ___delicousone. A．a(chǎn);the B．×;× C．×;a D．a(chǎn);a答：C第一空atdinner正在吃飯，固定短語(yǔ)。14、whatkindof___cardoyouwanttobuy? A．× B．the C．a(chǎn) D．a(chǎn)n答：A泛指15、Aliceisfondofplaying__pianowhileHenryisinterestedinlisteningto__music. A．×;the

B．×;×

C．the;× D．the;the答：C：樂(lè)器前加定冠詞；music是不可數(shù)名詞。2021/5/92916、Beyond____stars,theastronautsawnothingbut_______space. A．the;× B．×;the C．×;× D．the;the答：Astars前應(yīng)加定冠詞；space不可數(shù)。17、AlexanderGrahamBellinvented________telephonein1876. A．× B．a(chǎn) C．the D．one答：C發(fā)明應(yīng)是特指。18、——Where’sJack? ——Ithinkhe’sstillin _____bed,buthemight