2023年河北燕山大學(xué)考研英語練習(xí)題100道（附答案解析）

年河北燕山大學(xué)考研英語練習(xí)題100道（附答案解析）

第1題【單選題】Theytook_______measurestopreventpoisonousgasesfromescaping.A、fruitfulB、beneficialC、validD、effective【正確答案】D【答案解析】fruitful多產(chǎn)的/成功的。beneficial有益的。valid有效的（法律/時間）/正當(dāng)?shù)摹ffective有效的。第2題【單選題】Takeataxi,______you’llmissyourtrain.A、andB、ifC、otherwiseD、or【正確答案】C【答案解析】祈使句可用來取代if從句來表示評論、提出要求、發(fā)出忠告或威脅等。用祈使句比用if從句表達(dá)更強的緊迫性。在表示評論和要求時，其連詞用and，表示忠告時用連詞otherwise，表示威脅時，用連詞or。第3題【單選題】Fortheirownsafety,householdpetsshouldbe[confined]totheirownyard.A、tamedB、regainedC、restrictedD、contained【正確答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制，約束。參考課文：為了自身安全，家養(yǎng)究物應(yīng)該關(guān)在主人自己的后院中。第4題【單選題】________allthethreats,manycompaniesaresendingITprofessionalstocourseslikethoseCohenoffers.A、GaveB、GivingC、GiveD、Given【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查的是非謂語動詞的用法，manycompanies和give之間是被動的關(guān)系，所以要用過去分詞。第5題【單選題】Iftheywantto_____,that’sfinewithme.A、integrateB、sustainC、pressureD、license【正確答案】A【答案解析】integrate求積分；取消隔離；成為一體。第6題【單選題】ThisConventionshallbesubjecttoratificationoracceptancebythesignatoryStates.A、本公約的生效取決于簽字國的批準(zhǔn)或接受。B、本公約須以簽字國批準(zhǔn)或接受為生效條件。C、本公約須以簽字國批準(zhǔn)或接受為條件。D、本公約須經(jīng)簽字國批準(zhǔn)或接受?！菊_答案】D【答案解析】答案選D。本題考查的知識點為法律文書的特點。無論是英語還是漢語，法律文件有一些共同的特點。英語常用shall，whereof,hereinafter等，漢語則常用“本公約須……”，“應(yīng)……”，“可……”，“均”等詞語。第7題【單選題】Hissolutiontothepuzzleis[ingenious].A、cleverB、savageC、capableD、federal【正確答案】A【答案解析】[ingenious]有獨創(chuàng)性的；機靈的，精制的；心靈手巧的；clever聰明的；機靈的；熟練的。第8題【單選題】AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,________ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.A、whereB、whatC、thatD、how【正確答案】B【答案解析】句意：楊利偉成功環(huán)繞地球后，我們的宇航員所要做的就是太空行走。當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)定語從句時，通常用作關(guān)系代詞，而引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時，是個不充當(dāng)任何成分的連接詞。賓語從句和表語從句中的that?？墒÷?。What只能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，用作連接代詞，作從句的具體成分，且不能省略。第9題【單選題】Youwillbe[liable]foranydamagecaused.A、liberalB、responsibleC、profoundD、rectify【正確答案】B【答案解析】be[liable]for有…責(zé)任；有…義務(wù)；responsible負(fù)責(zé)的，可靠的；有責(zé)任的。第10題【單選題】Spidersarenotinsects,asmanypeoplethink,norevennearlyrelatedtothem.A、正如許多人認(rèn)為的那樣，蜘蛛并不是昆蟲，甚至和昆蟲一點關(guān)系都沒有。B、蜘蛛并不像許多人認(rèn)為的那樣是昆蟲，它和昆蟲一點關(guān)系都沒有。C、正如許多人認(rèn)為的那樣，蜘蛛就是昆蟲，和昆蟲密不可分。D、蜘蛛正像許多人認(rèn)為的那樣不是昆蟲，它和昆蟲一點關(guān)系都沒有?！菊_答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。本題需要注意asmanypeoplethink，表示的是“許多人認(rèn)為蜘蛛是昆蟲”；此外nor在此處表示的是否定，即“它和昆蟲一點關(guān)系都沒有”。第11題【單選題】Themeeting_____nextweekwillbeofgreatimportance.A、tobeheldB、heldC、holdingD、isheld【正確答案】A【答案解析】謂語動詞用了將來時態(tài)，所以選不定式作定語，表將來。第12題【單選題】Thefloodwentdown,leavingthevillage________destroyed.A、mainlyB、completelyC、exactlyD、thoroughly【正確答案】B【答案解析】mainly主要的。completely完全的（強調(diào)整體性）。thoroughly徹底的（強調(diào)無疏漏）。第13題【單選題】Watchingmepullingthecalfawkwardlytothebarn,theIrishmilkmaidfoughthardto[holdback]herlaughter.A、checkB、keepC、stopD、retain【正確答案】A【答案解析】[holdback]抑制，控制。check克制，抑制（做某事或表露感情）。參考譯文：看見我笨手笨腳地把牛牽向牲口棚，那位愛爾蘭擠奶女工竭盡全力克制自己不笑出聲來。第14題【單選題】Actuallyindustrycanv[ary]agooddealoverthecenturies.A、alterB、improveC、alertD、perish【正確答案】A【答案解析】v[ary]改變；improve改善，增進(jìn)；提高…的價值。第15題【單選題】Homeheating,whichaccountsforlessthan7percentofa11energyconsumedintheU.S.,hashadacommendable(值得贊揚的)efficiencyrecord:from1978to1997,theamountoffuelconsumedforthispurposedeclined44percentdespitea33percentincreaseinthenumberofhousingunitsandanincreaseinhousesize.TheU.S.DepartmentofEnergy,however,forecastsmatenergyusedinhomeheatingwillriseby14percentoverthenexttwodecades.Thatriseissmallconsideringanexpected21percentincreaseinthenumberofhousesandthetrendtowardlargerhouses.Accordingto-paragraph3,energyconsumedinhomeheatingoverthenexttwodecadeswillincreaseby______.A、33percentB、31percentC、21percentD、14percent【正確答案】D【答案解析】該題問的是：根據(jù)本段，在今后20年里用于家庭供暖的能源將增加多少?第三段有這么一句話：然而，美國能源部預(yù)測，在今后20年里用于家庭供暖的能源將增加14%。第16題【單選題】Thepairoflegsthatcarriedhimrickety,andtherewasabiasinhisgaitwhichinclinedhimsomewhattotheleftofastraightline.A、支著他的兩條腿老是搖搖晃晃的，他走路的姿勢里，又總有一種傾斜的趨勢，使他或多或少地往一條直線的左邊歪。B、他的兩條腿搖搖晃晃的，他走路的步法又總是傾斜著，使他有點歪向一條直線的左邊。C、支著他的兩條腿搖搖晃晃的，他走路時又總是傾斜，使他有點往一條直線的左邊歪。D、支撐著他的兩條腿搖搖晃晃的，他走路時又總是傾斜，使他有點歪向一條直線的左邊?！菊_答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題考查的知識點為選詞。文學(xué)作品語言生動，其中選詞是一個重要方面。動詞carry有許多含義。此處譯文具體化，譯作“支著”。第17題【單選題】Peterhasachangeable[character].A、roleB、dispositionC、symbolD、nature【正確答案】B【答案解析】[character]性格，品質(zhì)；disposition性情。第18題【單選題】Peoplesuspectedthat“Lucky”,ashewascalledbyfriends,wantedtokillhiswifehenolongerlivedwith.TheysaythatLucanenteredhisoldhouseandinthedark,killedthenannybymistake.Hisestrangedwifeheardnoises,camedownstairsandwasalsoattacked,butmanagedtoescape.Sevenmonthsafterthemurder,ajuryconcludedthatLucanhadkilledthenanny.ItisthoughtthatLucankilledthenannybecause______.A、shewaslookingafterthechildrenB、shewasafriendofLucan'sC、itwasdarkandhethoughtshewasLadyLucanD、LoardLucanthoughtthenannystolehiscar【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。因果關(guān)系題。對照本段Peoplesuspectedthat“Lucky”，ashewascalledbyfriends,wantedtokillhiswifehenolongerlivedwith.TheysaythatLucanenteredhisoldhouseandinthedark，killedthenannybymistake.本來是要殺他的妻子，可是因為天太黑，所以錯殺了保姆。第19題【單選題】Thenumberofpagesinthisdictionary________abouttwothousand.A、areB、hasC、haveD、is【正確答案】D【答案解析】Thenumberof…：…的數(shù)目。視作單數(shù)，所以謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。第20題【單選題】Wehaveto[modify]ourplanalittlebit.A、reduceB、sufferC、adjustD、utilize【正確答案】C【答案解析】[modify]修改，修飾；更改；adjust調(diào)整，使…適合。第21題【單選題】Sinceeconomicreformbeganin1978,anaveragegrowthrateofalmost10%ayearhasseenChina’sGNPnearlyquadruple.A、自1978年經(jīng)濟改革以來，中國經(jīng)濟以年均近10%的速度增長，使其國民生產(chǎn)總值幾乎翻了兩番。B、自1978年經(jīng)濟改革以來，中國經(jīng)濟以年均10%的速度增長，使其國民生產(chǎn)總值翻了兩番。C、自1978年經(jīng)濟改革以來，中國經(jīng)濟以年均近10%的速度增長，使其國民生產(chǎn)總值增長了四倍。D、自1978年經(jīng)濟改革以來，中國經(jīng)濟以平均每年10%的速度增長，使其國民生產(chǎn)總值增加到原來的四倍?！菊_答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題考查的知識點為數(shù)字。數(shù)字在英漢兩種語言中都有一些固定用法，和數(shù)字有關(guān)的動詞、介詞、形容詞、副詞也十分重要。quadruple譯作“翻了兩番”。第22題【單選題】Theothersideofastatelegalapparatusisastatemilitaryapparatus.Whiletheoneprotectstheindividualfromviolence,theothersacrificestheindividualtoviolenceintheinterestsofthestate.Inwarthestateaffirmssupremepowerovertheindividualswithinitsownborders.Warisnotsimplyatrialbycombattosettledisputesbetweenstates;itisthemomentwhenthestatemakesitsmostpowerfuldemandsuponitspeoplefortheircommitment,allegiance,andsupremesacrifice.Timesofwartestacommunity’sdeepestreligiousandethicalcommitments.Whatcanwelearnfromtheparagraph?A、GovernmentstendtoabusetheirsupremePowerintimesofwar.B、Intimesofwargovernmentsmayextendtheirpoweracrossnationalborders.C、Intimesofwargovernmentsimposehighreligiousandethicalstandardsontheirpeople.D、Governmentsmaysacrificeindividualsintheinterestsofthestateintimesofwar.【正確答案】D【答案解析】本段的主旨較為明顯，說的是國家司法機器的另一方面，即軍事機器，開頭第二句說得很明確，這一方面是為了國家的利益而犧牲個人，恰好是選項D的意義。第23題【單選題】Peopleinearliererasweresurroundedbyremindersofmisery.Theyworkeduntilexhausted,livedwithfewprotectionsanddiedyoung.IntheWest,beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthechurch,whichremindedworshippersthattheirsoulswereindangerandthattheywouldsomedaybemeatforworms.Givenallthis,theydidnotexactlyneedtheirarttobeabummertoo.Theword“bummer”(Line5,paragraph5)mostprobablymeanssomething______.A、religiousB、unpleasantC、entertainingD、commercial【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。詞義理解題。本段第1句指出，生活在古代的人們被痛苦提示包圍著，接著具體論證無論在現(xiàn)實生活中還是在教堂中，早期的生活時刻都在提醒著人們痛苦的存在(surroundedbyremindersofmisery)。段落最后一句話：givenallthis,theydidnotneedtheirarttobeabummertoo.此題的解題關(guān)鍵在于是否能理解該段屬于總分總結(jié)構(gòu)，除第1句和最后一句外，其他內(nèi)容屬于論據(jù)內(nèi)容，因此this指的是段首句內(nèi)容，“在這種情況下，人們不需要藝術(shù)也成為一個bummer”，由此可知，bummer也可作為痛苦的提示，只有B符合要求。第24題【單選題】Thereisno_____forpracticalexperience.A、substituteB、sympathyC、likelyD、grant【正確答案】A【答案解析】substitute代用品；代替者。第25題【單選題】ThedeltaandnarrowNileValleytothesouthmakeuponly3percentofEgyptslandbutarehometo96percentofherpopulation.A、三角洲和南邊狹窄的尼羅河河谷組成了埃及土地的百分之三，卻有百分之九十六的人口住在這里。B、三角洲和通向南邊的狹窄的尼羅河河谷組成了埃及土地的百分之三，卻有百分之九十六的人口住在這里。C、三角洲和南邊狹窄的尼羅河河谷只占埃及土地的百分之三，卻有百分之九十六的人口住在這里。D、三角洲和南邊狹窄的尼羅河河谷只占埃及土地的百分之三，但卻是百分之九十六的人口的家園。【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。arehometo…若譯作“是…的家”則不順，所以把名詞改為動詞，譯作“…住在這里”。第26題【單選題】Helpingtheplanetisabigpartofwhatourworldtripisallaboutandthat’sexactlywhatwedidthispastweek.Wehelpedgetahydroponicsfarmstartedinalocalvillage.Thisfarmwillbeamodelforthelocalvillagerssotheycanstarttheirveryownselfsustainingfarm.Hydroponicsisatypeoffarmingthatusesathirdofthewaterneededinanaveragefarmandusesnosoil.Ahydroponicsfarm_______________.A、isdifficulttobuildB、isatypeoffarmwithoutsoilC、willcostlotsofmoneyD、wasstartedinthevillagebeforetheycame【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。詞義理解題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞hydroponicsfarm迅速鎖定本段。再通過排除法可以判定B項是正確的。因為A和C表述的內(nèi)容文章并沒有提到過。D項表述是錯誤的，因為那個村莊在他們?nèi)ブ安]有這種hydroponicsfarm。是他們到了之后，幫忙建立了一個模型。第27題【單選題】Itisamusingthatshe________herfather’sbadtemperaswellashermother’sgoodlooks.A、inheritedB、retainedC、preservedD、maintained【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題的B、C和D選項雖然意思有些相近，但從題句意來看只有A符合題意。inherit“經(jīng)遺傳而得（性格、特征等）”。第28題【單選題】LateoneSundayafternooninSeptember1999,OseolaMcCarty,anelderlycleaningladypassedawayinthelittlewoodenframehousewhereshehadlivedandworkedmostofherlife.Itmayseemlikeanordinaryendtoahumblelife,buttherewassomethingquiteexceptionalaboutthiswoman.Inthesummerof1995,McCartygave$150,000,mostofthemoneyshehadsavedthroughoutherlife，totheUniversityofSouthernMississippiinherhometown.ThemoneywastohelpotherAfricanAmericansthroughuniversity.Shehadstartedhersavingshabitasayoungchildwhenshewouldreturnfromschooltocleanandironformoneywhichshewouldthensave.Thiswomanshockedandinspiredtheworldbecause_______.A、shehadmanagedtosavesomuchmoneyB、shegavehermoneytoAfricanAmericansC、shegaveherlifesavingstohelpothersthroughuniversityD、sheonlyspentmoneyoncheapthings【正確答案】C【答案解析】only是絕對詞，在選項D中出現(xiàn)，根據(jù)經(jīng)驗排除D；對照原文第一自然段最后一句話therewassomethingquiteexceptionalaboutthiswoman說她有些特別的地方，接著第二自然段就講Inthesummerof1995,McCartygave$150,000,mostofthemoneyshehadsavedthroughoutherlife，totheUniversityofSouthernMississippiinherhometown.她把大部分積攢的錢捐獻(xiàn)給了家鄉(xiāng)的大學(xué)，A和B表達(dá)都不全面，答案是C。第29題【單選題】Hissolutiontothepuzzleis[ingenious].A、cleverB、savageC、capableD、federal【正確答案】A【答案解析】[ingenious]有獨創(chuàng)性的；機靈的，精制的；心靈手巧的；clever聰明的；機靈的；熟練的。第30題【單選題】Wearesousedtoourlifeonthesurfaceoftheearththatitcanbequiteaneffortforourmindtobreakfreeofalltheideasthatwetakeforgranted.Becausewecanfeelthatthingsareheavy,wethinkof"weight"asbeingafixedqualityinanobject,butitisnotreallyfixedatall.Ifyoucouldtakeaone-poundpacketofbutter4,000milesoutfromtheearth,itwouldweighonlyaquarterofapound.Wefindithardtobreakfreefromideasconnectedwithlivingontheearthbecause__________.A、itdemandstoogreataneffortforustodoso.B、wearetoofamiliarwiththewaythingsaretoquestiontheideas.C、wehaveprovedthatthoseideasarecorrect.D、wearesosureofourselvesthatweneverdoubtanythingontheearth.【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。本題抓住問題的關(guān)鍵詞breakfreefrom，“擺脫”的意思。Wearesousedtoourlifeonthesurfaceoftheearththatitcanbequiteaneffortforourmindtobreakfreeofalltheideasthatwetakeforgranted.這是第一句話，so……that，如此…以致于。befamiliarwith與beusedto是同義替換，前者表示熟悉…，后者表示習(xí)慣…，所以答案就得出來是B。第31題【單選題】Thereisno_____forpracticalexperience.A、substituteB、sympathyC、likelyD、grant【正確答案】A【答案解析】substitute代用品；代替者。第32題【單選題】Hissolutiontothepuzzleis[ingenious].A、cleverB、savageC、capableD、federal【正確答案】A【答案解析】[ingenious]有獨創(chuàng)性的；機靈的，精制的；心靈手巧的；clever聰明的；機靈的；熟練的。第33題【單選題】TheprivacyissuehasalreadylandedFacebookinhotwaterinWashington.InApril,SenatorCharlesSchumercalledonFacebooktochangeitsprivacypolicy.HealsourgedtheFederalTradeCommissiontosetguidelinesforsocial-networkingsites.“Ithinkthesenatorrightlycommunicatedthatwehadnotbeenclearaboutwhatthenewproductswereandhowpeoplecouldchoosetousethemornottousethem,”Schrageadmits.WhatdoesSenatorCharlesSchumeradvocate?A、Settingguidelinesforadvertisingonwebsites.B、Formulatingregulationsforsocial-networkingsites.C、Banningthesharingofusers’personalinformation.D、Removingadsfromallsocial-networkingsites.【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。事實細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干中的SenatorCharlesSchumer和advocate定位到本段第2、3句。本段指出，四月，國會議員查理斯?舒默要求臉譜網(wǎng)更改其隱私條款，并同時督促聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會制定出社交網(wǎng)站的指導(dǎo)方針。由此可見，議員主張政府制定法律對社交網(wǎng)站進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)。B中的formulatingregulations是原文中setguidelines的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，故為答案。C“禁止共享用戶個人信息”，文中只提到查理斯?舒默號召臉譜網(wǎng)更改其隱私條款，但并未說明是否禁止共享用戶個人信息，可以排除。A和D在文中均未提及。第34題【單選題】Whilewecannotclosethegulfbetweenus,wecantrytobridgeitsothatwemaybeabletotalkacrossit.A、當(dāng)我們無法彌合我們之間的鴻溝時，我們可以搭一座橋，以便越過它進(jìn)行會談。B、在我們不能彌合雙方之間的鴻溝時，我們可以修一座橋，為的是能夠進(jìn)行會談。C、雖然我們不能彌合雙方之間的鴻溝，我們卻能夠設(shè)法搭一座橋，以便我們能夠越過它進(jìn)行會談。D、雖然我們可以修一座橋，為的是能夠進(jìn)行會談，但我們卻無法彌合雙方之間的鴻溝?！菊_答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。本句雖然用了連詞while，但分句與主句之間是一種讓步關(guān)系，因此while可譯為“雖然”。此句中的bridge用作動詞，這是一種形象的說法，譯為“搭一座橋”。第35題【單選題】ApretextwasthelastthingthatHastingswaslikelytowant.A、最后，哈丁斯好像需要一個借口。B、哈丁斯可能不需要任何借口。C、最后，哈丁斯可能想要的那個東西就是借口。D、借口好像是哈丁斯想要的最后的東西?！菊_答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。thatHastingswaslikelytowant是一個that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，是對thelastthing的修飾。而且在本題中特別需要注意的是不能直接根據(jù)句子翻譯為：最后需要的東西，句子表達(dá)的是一種否定的含義，最后才需要的也就是說他可能不需要任何借口。因此本題答案為B。第36題【單選題】Onereasoniseconomic.Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,largefamiliesarehelpful.Havingmorechildrenmeanshavingmoreworkersinthefieldsandsomeonetotakecareoftheparentsinoldage.Inanindustrialeconomy,thesituationisdifferent.Manychildrendonothelpafamily;instead,theyareanexpense.Thus,industrializationhasgenerallybroughtdownthebirthrate.ThiswasthecaseinItaly,whichwasindustrializedquiterecentlyandrapidly.Intheearlypartofthetwentiethcentury,Italywasapoor,largelyagriculturalcountrywithahighbirthrate.AfterWorldWarⅡ,Italy'seconomywasrapidlymodernizedandindustrialized.Bytheendofthecentury,thebirthratehaddroppedto1.3childrenperwoman,theworld'slowest.Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,alargefamily_______.A、canbeanadvantageB、maylimitincomeC、isn’tnecessaryD、isexpensive【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。對照本段Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,largefamiliesarehelpful.大的家庭是有幫助的，選項中最接近意思的是A，成為一個優(yōu)勢，答案是A。第37題【單選題】ShehadcometoEnglandto[pursue]anactingcareer.A、striveB、removeC、quitD、chase【正確答案】D【答案解析】[pursue]繼續(xù)；從事；追趕；糾纏；chase追逐；追捕。第38題【單選題】Don'tinvolveotherpeople_______yourtrouble.A、inB、againstC、toD、for【正確答案】A【答案解析】句意：別把別人牽涉進(jìn)你的麻煩中去。involvesbinsth：把某人卷入…中，答案選A。第39題【單選題】Theyarebright,_____,ableandconfident.A、latentB、revolutionC、subsequentD、intelligent【正確答案】D【答案解析】intelligent智能的；聰明的；理解力強的。第40題【單選題】Hesaid________hewaslateforschoolagainand________theteacherwouldpunishhim.A、that不填B、不填不填C、wherethatD、不填that【正確答案】D【答案解析】如果兩個賓語從句并列，第一句的賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞可以省略，但后一句的引導(dǎo)詞that不可省略，故應(yīng)選D。第41題【單選題】Universitiesareinstitutionsthatteachawidevarietyofsubjectsatadvancedlevels.Theyalsocarryoutresearchworkaimed__1_extendingman’sknowledgeofthesesubjects.Theemphasisgiventoeachofthesefunctionsvariesfromuniversitytouniversity,accordingtotheviewsofthepeoplein__2__andaccordingtotheresourcesavailable.Thesmallerandneweruniversitiesdonotpossessthestafforequipmenttocarryoutthe__3__researchprojectspossibleinlargerinstitutions.Butmostexpertsagreethatsomeresearchactivityisessentialtokeepthestaffandtheirstudentsintouchwiththelatestdevelopmentsintheirsubjects.2.prospectplacecontrolfavor3.A.maximumB.mediumC.virtualD.vast1.______A、atB、byC、toD、in【正確答案】A【答案解析】aim可以與at和to構(gòu)成固定搭配。但是at為介詞，后面接名詞或動詞；而to為不定式符號，后面接動詞原形。此空格后為動名詞，故只能選A項。第42題【單選題】Theatomicclockis________towithin3secondsinacentury.A、exactB、clearC、accurateD、explicit【正確答案】C【答案解析】句意：原子鐘在一百年內(nèi)可精確至三秒以內(nèi)。accurate意為“準(zhǔn)確的，精確的”，指由于細(xì)心而精確地使某事符合事實和真理；exact意為“精確的；恰好的；嚴(yán)密的”，指不多不少，確切地與事實或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相符；clear意為“清晰的；清楚的；明白的”；explicit意為“詳述的；明確的”。第43題【單選題】Iamsurethatyouareasking."Howdoesarocketfly?"Ifyouwanttoknow,getaballoonandthenblowitupuntilitisquitebig.Donottieuptheneckoftheballoon.Letgo!Theballoonwillflyoffthroughtheairveryquickly.Theairinsidetheballoontriestogetout.Itrushesoutthroughneckoftheballandthispushestheballoonthroughtheair.Itdoesnotneedwingslikeanairplane.Arocketcanflytothemoonbecause______.A、itlookslikeaballoonB、itismuchlighterthananairplaneC、itdoesn'thavewingsD、itworkslikeanuntiedballoon【正確答案】D【答案解析】本段都在講述氣球的飛行原理，來解釋火箭的工作原理，因此選D。第44題【單選題】Iopenedthebook_____andfoundanumberofmistakes.A、onoccasionB、onaverageC、atrandomD、onsale【正確答案】C【答案解析】onoccasion偶爾。onaverage平均。atrandom任意。onsale打折。第45題【單選題】Egypt,wrotetheGreekhistorianHecataeus,isthegiftoftheNile.A、希臘歷史學(xué)家赫卡泰奧斯寫道：埃及是尼羅河送來的禮物。B、埃及，希臘歷史學(xué)家赫卡泰奧斯寫道：是尼羅河的禮物。C、埃及是尼羅河的禮物，希臘歷史學(xué)家赫卡泰奧斯寫道。D、希臘歷史學(xué)家赫卡泰奧斯寫道：埃及，禮物來自尼羅河。【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。wrotetheGreekhistorianHecataeus是插入語，為使譯文通順易懂，把插入語處理成主句形式，其余部分作其賓語從句。第46題【單選題】We[admire]herforenteringafamousuniversity.A、honorB、appreciateC、prizeD、admit【正確答案】B【答案解析】[admire]欽佩；贊美；appreciate欣賞。第47題【單選題】Facinggrowingcostsandshrinkingtax________,thegovernmentisnowthreateningtocutfundingforenvironmentalprotectionprograms.A、budgetB、collectionC、profitD、revenue【正確答案】D【答案解析】revenue“收入，稅收”，尤指國家的歲入。根據(jù)題意，正確答案應(yīng)為D。第48題【單選題】ShehadcometoEnglandto[pursue]anactingcareer.A、striveB、removeC、quitD、chase【正確答案】D【答案解析】[pursue]繼續(xù)；從事；追趕；糾纏；chase追逐；追捕。第49題【單選題】Itwillstrengthenyoutoknowthatyourdistinguishedcareerissowidelyrespectedandappreciated.A、當(dāng)你知道你的杰出事業(yè)是如此廣泛地受到人們的尊敬和贊賞時，你就會力量倍增。B、這會使你進(jìn)一步堅定信念，因為你的杰出事業(yè)如此廣泛地受到人們的尊敬和贊賞。C、知道你的杰出事業(yè)是如此廣泛地受到人們的尊敬和贊賞會使你進(jìn)一步堅定信念。D、這會使你堅定地認(rèn)識到，你的杰出事業(yè)是如此廣泛地受到人們的尊敬和贊賞?！菊_答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題主要考查評論與表態(tài)。需要對某事發(fā)表評論或表明態(tài)度時，英語的語序和漢語不同。英語是先評論，或先表態(tài)，然后再說有關(guān)的事情或情況。漢語則相反，評論或表態(tài)性的話往往是放在句子的最后。第50題【單選題】Ontheotherhand,morepeopleworkingforlongerwouldcreategreatercompetitionforjobs.Itwouldmakeitmoredifficultforyoungerpeopletofindajob.Toppostswouldbedominatedbythesamefewindividuals,makingcareerprogressmoredifficult.Andhoweasilywoulda25-year-oldemployeebeabletocommunicatewitha125-year-oldboss?AllofthefollowingarepossibleeffectslivinglongermighthaveonworkinglifeEXCEPT______.A、Communicationbetweenemployersandemployeeswouldbemoredifficult.B、Moremoneywouldbeusedbyemployeesinpaymentoftheiremployees.C、Thejobmarketwouldbemorecompetitive.D、Itwouldbemoredifficultforyoungpeopletobepromotedtotoppositions.【正確答案】B【答案解析】對照原文第九自然段Ontheotherhand,morepeopleworkingforlongerwouldcreategreatercompetitionforjobs.排除選項C；Itwouldmakeitmoredifficultforyoungerpeopletofindajob.排除選項D；Andhoweasilywoulda25-year-oldemployeebeabletocommunicatewitha125-year-oldboss?排除選項A；答案是B。第51題【單選題】Therearetoomanybigthingsinvolved________this.A、beforeB、forC、inD、to【正確答案】C【答案解析】beinvolvedin：牽涉，涉及到，答案選C。第52題【單選題】Oncethecharacteristicsforsurvivingsaltysoilareknown,FlowersandYeowilltrytobreedtheappropriategenesintoallmannersofcropsandplants.Landthathasbeenabandonedtonaturewillthenbeabletobloomagain,providingmuchneededfoodinthepoorercountriesoftheworld.Theattitudeoftheauthortowardstheresearchprojectis______.A、positive.B、negative.C、suspicious.D、indifferent.【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。作者在本段中對二人研究的結(jié)果給予了展望，態(tài)度是積極的。所以，選擇A。第53題【單選題】Thereisalotofluckindrillingforoil.A、以鉆探的方法找石油有很大的偶然性。B、以鉆探的方法找石油全靠運氣了。C、鉆探石油有很大的偶然性。D、鉆探石油是很幸運的事?！菊_答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。drillingforoil表示“鉆探石油”；alotofluck本意表示的是“運氣”，在本句中可以翻譯為“偶然性”。第54題【單選題】Thechildrendon’tjustplananycity.Theymapandanalyze（分析）thehousing，energy，andtransportationrequirementsoftheirowndistrictandforetellitsneedsin100years.Withtheaidofanarchitect（建筑師）whovisitstheclassroomonceaweek，theyinventnewwaystomeettheseneedsandbuildmodelsoftheircreations.“Designingbuildingsofthefuturegiveschildrenalotoffreedom，”saystheteacherwhodevelopedthisprogram.“Theyareabletousetheirownrichimaginationandinventionswithoutfearofblame，becausetherearenowronganswersinafuturecontext.Infact，astheclassentersthefinalmodel-buildingstageoftheprogram，anelected‘official’and‘planninggroup’makeallthedesigndecisionsforthemodelcity，andtheteacherstepsbackandbecomesanadviser.”Anarchitectpaysaweeklyvisittotheclassroom_______.A、tofindoutkids’creativeideasB、todiscusswiththeteacherC、togivechildrenlecturesD、tohelpkidswiththeirprogram【正確答案】D【答案解析】根據(jù)本段中的Withtheaidofanarchitectwhovisitstheclassroomonceaweek，theyinventnewwaystomeettheseneedsandbuildmodelsoftheircreations可知答案為D。句中的aid意為“幫助”，與help同義。第55題【單選題】Somewherearoundpuberty(發(fā)育；青春期),somethinghappensinthetimingofthebiologicalclock.(2)Theclockpushesforward,soadolescentsandteenagersareunabletofallasleepasearlyastheyusedto.Whenyourmothertellsyouit'stimeforbed,yourbodymaybepushingyoutostayupforseveralhoursmore.AndthelightcomingfromyourcomputerscreenorTVcouldbepushingyoutostayupevenlater.Whatisimpliedinthesecondparagraph?A、Youngchildren'sbiologicalclockhasthesamerhythmwiththatoftheteenagers.B、Peopleafterpubertybegintogotobedearlierduetothechangeofthebiologicalclock.C、Childrenbeforepubertytendtofallasleepearlieratnightthanadolescents.D、Teenagersgotobedlaterthantheyusedtoduetothelightfromthecomputerscreen.【正確答案】C【答案解析】推理判斷題，對應(yīng)原句Theclockpushesforward（推動）,soadolescents（青年）andteenagersareunabletofallasleepasearlyastheyusedto.的含義是青年人以前睡覺還要早?？疾靧sedto（過去）的意思得到答案為C。第56題【單選題】AsYalelawprofessorAnneAlstottargues,justifyingparentalsupportdependsondefiningthefamilyasasocialgoodthat,insomesense,societymustpayfor.InherbookNoExit:WhatParentsOweTheirChildrenandWhatSocietyOwesParents,shearguesthatparentsareburdenedinmanywaysintheirlives:thereis“noexit”whenitcomestochildren.“Societyexpects—andneeds—parentstoprovidetheirchildrenwithcontinuityofcare,meaningtheintensive,intimatecarethathumanbeingsneedtodeveloptheirintellectual,emotional,andmoralcapabilities.Andsocietyexpects—andneeds—parentstopersistintheirrolefor18years,orlongerifneeded.”WhatisProfessorAnneAlstott’sargumentforparentalsupport?A、Goodparentingbenefitssociety.B、ThecostofraisingchildrenintheUShasbeengrowing.C、TheUSshouldkeepupwithotherdevelopedcountries.D、Childrenneedcontinuouscare.【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。推理判斷題。本段提到，社會也需要家長們對他們的孩子付出關(guān)愛，因為良好的父母教養(yǎng)能造福于社會，應(yīng)選A項。B項“撫養(yǎng)孩子的成本在美國已越來越大”，C項“美國應(yīng)該趕上其他發(fā)達(dá)國家”，這兩項在文中均未提及；D項“兒童需要持續(xù)的照顧”，是對文中的parentstoprovidetheirchildrenwithcontinuityofcare設(shè)置的干擾項。第57題【單選題】Shewasa_____girlanddidnotpanic.A、specificB、dominantC、sensibleD、epidemic【正確答案】C【答案解析】sensible明智的；通情達(dá)理的；合乎情理的；意識到的，能感覺到的。第58題【單選題】Thegovernment______onpurchaseofcarswas80billionyuanin2008,anduseandmaintenanceamountstoaround300billionyuanayear.A、spendingB、spentC、costD、costing【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查的是現(xiàn)在分詞的用法，spendingonpurchaseofcars在這里是一個現(xiàn)在分詞短語。句意：2008年政府花費了800億用于購車，并且一年的使用和維護費用則高達(dá)3000億。第59題【單選題】ThisthelastplacewhereIexpectedtomeetyou.A、這是我最后一次見到你的地方。B、我希望在最不可能的地方見到你。C、我怎么也沒有料到會在這個地方見到你。D、我期望最后會在此與你重逢?！菊_答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。本題考查“thelastplace”的意譯。第60題【單選題】I[recognize]myownshortcomings.A、建立B、指望C、認(rèn)識到D、推薦【正確答案】C【答案解析】[recognize]vt.認(rèn)出，識別；承認(rèn)。第61題【單選題】ApowerfulindictmentofAmerica’sdisregardofecology,SilentSpringwasaimedchieflyatthewholesaleuseofchemicalpesticides,especiallyDDT.A、一個對美國忽視生態(tài)的有力控訴，《沉默的春天》主要是針對大規(guī)模使用農(nóng)藥，特別是滴滴涕。B、《沉默的春天》有力地控訴了美國忽視生態(tài)，它主要是針對大規(guī)模使用農(nóng)藥——特別是滴滴涕。C、有力地控訴了美國對生態(tài)的忽視，《沉默的春天》主要是針對大規(guī)模使用農(nóng)藥，特別是滴滴涕。D、《沉默的春天》對美國忽視生態(tài)，主要是針對大規(guī)模使用農(nóng)藥，特別是滴滴涕的使用，進(jìn)行了有力的控訴。【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。本句的主語是SilentSpring，注意“Apowerfulindictmentof”的翻譯。第62題【單選題】Itisamusingthatshe________herfather’sbadtemperaswellashermother’sgoodlooks.A、inheritedB、retainedC、preservedD、maintained【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題的B、C和D選項雖然意思有些相近，但從題句意來看只有A符合題意。inherit“經(jīng)遺傳而得（性格、特征等）”。第63題【單選題】Congress[assembles]togetherinJanuary.A、rangeB、restrictC、gatherD、restore【正確答案】C【答案解析】[assembles]集合，聚集；裝配；收集；gather收集；收割；使…聚集；使…皺起。第64題【單選題】Parentsoftendecideonthebasisofwhattheirchildrenwant.Cathy,amothertoldus,“Mychildrenhavepackedlunches,becausetheysaytheyhateschooldinners.Imake3packedluncheseverymorning,soourkitchenislikeasandwichbarinthemorning.”However,anothermother,Susanmadeherchoicebasedonthenutritiousvalueofthefood.Shesaid,“Mydaughteralwayshasschooldinners.IthinksheprobablygetshealthierfoodbyhavingacookedlunchatschoolthanshewouldifImadeafewsandwiches.”WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A、Katzthinkschipsaregoodforhiskids.B、Susan’sdaughterlikeseatingsandwiches.C、Cathymayhaveatleastthreechildren.D、Jamielikesburgersandpizzas.【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。細(xì)節(jié)查找并簡單推斷題。從本段，特別是Imake3packedluncheseverymorning…可知Cathy有三個孩子在上學(xué)，有沒有不上學(xué)的孩子不得而知，故選項C為最佳選項。其他三項均與原文意思不符。第65題【單選題】Notuntilthegamehadbegun___atthesportsground.A、hadhearrivedB、wouldhehavearrivedC、didhearriveD、shouldhehavearrived【正確答案】C【答案解析】分析題目，含有否定詞的部分用過去完成時；剩下的部分用一般過去時。同時否定詞notuntil位于句首，所以選一般過去時+倒裝，答案是C。第66題【單選題】Werelymorethananyothermajoreconomyonthegoodsandservicesthatweexport,theinvestmentthatweattractandwemakeabroad.A、我們對投資和引資的依靠超過了世界上商品和服務(wù)的出口。B、我們對商品和服務(wù)出口的依靠超過了世界上其他的對投資和引資的經(jīng)濟體。C、我們對商品和服務(wù)出口以及對投資和引資的依靠沒有超過了世界上其他主要經(jīng)濟體。D、我們對商品和服務(wù)出口以及對投資和引資的依靠超過了世界上其他主要經(jīng)濟體。【正確答案】D【答案解析】注意從結(jié)構(gòu)上理解本句。句子主干為：Werelyon...；on后面跟兩個平行的介詞賓語thegoodsandservices和theinvestment，分別有兩個限制性定語從句修飾。注意這里兩個限制性定語從句的翻譯，把從句譯都成了詞組：“商品和服務(wù)出口”和“投資和引資”。第67題【單選題】—IfinditastonishingthatJohn______besorudetome.—Notastonishingatall.Heisalwaysrudetoothers.A、shouldB、mustC