【課件】Unit+4Review+of+phrases語法課件人教版高中英語選擇性必修第四冊

Unit4

Grammar—ReviewofphrasesLearningobjectivesReviewhowtousephrasesLearntodistinguishphrasesandusethemflexiblyLearntousephrasescorrectlyindailylivesLook

at

the

following

phrases

and

recognize

their

types.Nounphrase(NP)名詞短語Verbphrase(VP)動詞短語Adverbialphrase(AdvP)副詞短語Adjectivephrase(AdjP)

形容詞短語Prepositionalphrase(PreP)介詞短語①clothesshop②developedcountries③thefirststudentstogettoschool④themore,thebetter⑤frombehind⑥infavorof⑦giveup⑧findaseattositonNPNPNPAdjPPrePPrePVPVPI.Completethesentences. TextbookP411.我一直非?？释砸恍┪易钕矚g的糖果，而且收到郵包總是令人開心。

I’vebeendyingtohavesomeofmyfavouritesweets,andit’salwaysnicetogetmail!2.混合物冒著泡從試管中涌出，灑得到處都是。

Themixturewasbubblingoutofthetesttubespillingeverywhere.3.湯貝的父親穆卡普，一位下巴結實、額頭滿是皺紋的男人，把我們帶到他的房子前。Tombe’sfather,Mukap,amanwithastrongjawandawrinkledforehead,ledustohishouse.NP賓語NP主語NP主語NP同位語VP謂語VP真賓VP謂語VP謂語AdjP表語NP賓語AdvP狀語PreP定語PreP狀語4.接著他把熱石頭放入一個空油桶，里面有栲栲（甘薯）、熟玉米和青菜。Hethenplacedthehotstonesinanemptyoildrumwithkaukau,ripecorn,andgreens.5.后來，我注意到有一個罐子倒立在火爐上面的烤架上。Later,Inoticedacanstandingupsidedownonthegrilloverthefire.6.當我們拖著沉重的步伐下山回家時，我渾身雞肉酸痛，雙膝顫抖。MymuscleswereachingandmykneesshakingaswedraggedourselvesdowntheMountaintowardshome.AdvP狀語NP賓語NP賓語NP主語NP主語VP謂語VP謂語PreP狀語PreP狀語PreP狀語PreP狀語PreP狀語PreP狀語一、名詞短語(nounphrase,簡稱NP)(1)名詞短語的定義:名詞短語至少是兩個詞,名詞與它的修飾語一起構成名詞短語。(2)名詞短語中的修飾語:一般來說,名詞前面有兩種修飾語。其一是限定詞,用來限定名詞所指的范圍,對名詞起泛指或特指、定量或不定量等的限定修飾作用。其二是形容詞,用來表示名詞的性質和特征。比如yellow、big等。

(3)名詞短語的功能用法:名詞短語可以作主語、賓語或表語。

名詞短語中的限定詞在名詞短語的“構成”中,限定詞包括冠詞(a/an/the)、指示代詞(this、that、these、those等)、物主代詞(my、your、his、her、our、their等)和不定代詞(some、no、neither、both等)。

形容詞作定語ausefulbookashoestore前置定語名詞作定語V-ing和V-ed作定語boilingwaterboiledwater

介詞短語作定語thepicturesonthewalltheboywalkingoverthere后置定語分詞短語作定語定語從句作定語thelessonsgivenbyMs.LiasighttobeholdthefactorywevisitedUnderlinethenounphraseinthefollowingsentence,thenmarktheirfunctions.①Theseredrosesareforyou.(

)②Ihavethreeclosefriends.(

)③Heismybestfriend.(

)④Therearesomeredrosesonthatsmalltable.(

)SOPP/O二、動詞短語(verbphrases,簡稱VP)①在英語中動詞短語按其在句子中的功能可分為謂語動詞和非謂語動詞短語。

②謂語動詞是由時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)來決定動詞形式,是表示動作或狀態(tài)的,它又可分為:實義動詞、連系動詞、情態(tài)動詞和助動詞四種。非謂語動詞就是不能作句子謂語而具有其他語法功能的動詞。

①

putback放回去

②

callback回電話③

breakdown出故障④

turndown調?、?/p>

comeup上升

1、動詞＋副詞⑥

blowup爆炸⑦showoff炫耀⑧

giveoff散發(fā)⑨breakout突然發(fā)生⑩

runout用完動詞短語的構成①

bringabout引起

②

contributeto導致③

fallinto陷入 ④

seekfor尋找⑤

burstinto闖入

2、動詞＋介詞⑥

lookinto

調查⑦

seeto

處理；負責

⑧

devoteto

貢獻給⑨

dealwith

處理⑩

believein

信任①addupto總計

②keepawayfrom遠離③lookdownon輕視 ④keepupwith趕上⑤makeupfor彌補

3、動詞＋副詞＋介詞⑥getonwith相處

⑦getacrossto使明白⑧getoutof逃避,避免⑨putupwith忍受⑩catchupwith趕上①catchsightof看見,瞥見

②makeuseof利用③payattentionto注意 ④makesenseof理解⑤takenoticeof注意到

⑥takecareof照看4、動詞＋名詞＋介詞⑦takepartin參加⑧takeadvantageof利用⑨t(yī)akepridein

為…感到自豪⑩makeroomfor

為…騰出空間1．AtfirstRobertwouldn'tlethisdaughtergodiving,buteventuallyhegave______asshewassoconfidentaboutherskills.2．DevelopingtheYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltisasystematicprojectwhichcalls______aclearroadmapandtimetable.3．Mr.andMrs.Brownwouldliketoseetheirdaughtersettle________,getmarried,andhavekids.4．WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahasbrought_______thebestinherasadoctor.5．Whentheirchildrenlivedfarawayfromthem,theseoldpeoplefeltcut______fromtheworld.infordownoutoff6.

Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork—I'malwaystoobusytocarry______aconversationwithher.7.

I'mgoingtotakeadvantage______thistourtoexplorethehistoryofthecastle.8.

Manybusinessesstartedupbycollegestudentshavetaken______thankstothecomfortableclimateforbusinesscreation.9.

TraditionalChinesepaintingsappealverymuch_______me.10．Bodylanguagecangive________alotaboutyourmood，sostandingwithyourarmsfoldedcansendoutasignalthatyouarebeingdefensive.inofofftoaway三、形容詞短語(adjectivephrases,簡稱AdjP)定義:形容詞短語是指由幾個形容詞或形容詞與其修飾語構成的短語。Yourroomislargeandbeautiful.兩個或多個形容詞可以由

、

等并列連詞連接,構成形容詞短語。

andbutHeiscutebutalittlesilly.可以由

、

等程度副詞作修飾語,與形容詞構成形容詞短語。

Whathesaidisreallyconfusing.reallyveryHeisgoodatcooking.形容詞短語也可以由“形容詞+

短語”構成。介詞指出下列畫線形容詞短語所充當?shù)某煞?。①Anxiousforaquickdecision,ourleadercalledforavote.(

)

②Shelooksbeautifulandsmart.(

)

③Youhaveasmallbutbeautifulroom.(

)

④Wemustmakeourcountrystrongenough.（）AdPAttr形容詞短語常作三種成分,即

、

、

,有時也作

。OC狀語表語定語賓補四、副詞短語(adverbialphrases,簡稱AdvP)定義:副詞短語是指由幾個副詞或副詞與其修飾語構成的短語。①兩個或多個副詞可以由

、

等并列連詞連接,構成副詞短語。

②

等程度副詞作修飾語,可與其他副詞構成副詞短語。

③副詞短語在句中當作副詞用,可以修飾

、

或

。andbutvery/extremely動詞形容詞副詞【提醒】副詞enough在修飾形容詞或者副詞構成形容詞短語或者副詞短語時，一般放在所修飾的形容詞或者副詞后面。四、副詞短語(adverbialphrases,簡稱AdvP)①Iwasso

movedbyhisdeedsthatIcouldn’tfallasleep

intothenight(deep).

②—Whatdoyouthinksheisdoingrightnow?—Sheis

(probable)doingnothinggood.

—Youexpressedmythoughts

(exact).

③Equally

(important),weshoulddevelopagoodhabitofliving.deeplyexactlyprobablydeepimportantly

指出下列句子中畫線副詞短語所作的句子成分，并注意其組成。1.

Heran

veryquickly

yesterday.修飾_______作_______2.Iammuchtoopleasedtoseeyou.

修飾_______作_______3.Sheplayswellenoughasabeginner.修飾_______作_______4.Heworkedmuchmorecarefullyonthenewdesign. 修飾_______作_______動詞狀語形容詞

狀語動詞狀語副詞狀語五、介詞短語(prepositionalphrases,簡稱PreP)定義:介詞不能單獨作成分,它必須和其后的賓語即名詞、代詞、動詞-ing形式、從句等一起構成介詞短語,才能作相關的句子成分。eg:ThemanintheroomisLiMing’suncle.Hisfacewaswithoutexpression.Hedidn’tfeelatease. IsawGeorgeatwork.介詞短語作狀語時最多,它在句可以中作

、

和

。定語表語賓補AttrPPOC

指出下列句子中畫線副詞短語所作的句子成分，并注意其組成。1、Hewashuntingintheforest

whenhesawtheterriblebear.

作_______2、Ithinkthatyoursonmustbeontheplaygroundnow. 作_______3、Theappleonthetableisreservedformylittledaughter. 作_______4、Itwassotinythatwehadtoleaveoursuitcasesinthehallway. 作_______狀語表語定語賓補Tip英文中的介詞不能單獨使用,其后必須接賓語,所接的賓語往往是名詞短語,也可以是單個的名詞。e.g.thebirdinthetree樹上的那只鳥thedevelopmentofChina中國的發(fā)展WorkingwithelephantsisoneofthemostpopularvolunteeractivitiesinThailand.Andforgoodreason，these1.______(amaze)creaturesarehuge,cute，andveryintelligent.Oftenelephants2.______(look)onasgentleanimals，butit'sgoodtorememberthatthisisn'talwaysthecase.3.______(sad)，manyelephantshavefacedterribletreatment，beateninto4.______(give)performancesoroverworkedatmone