托福聽力的6種題型精解

托福聽力的6種題型精解托福聽力的6種題型精解BBS.TPOOO.COM

BBS.TPOOO.COM托福聽力題型主旨題功能題結(jié)構(gòu)題細節(jié)題推理題態(tài)度題托福聽力題型主旨題功能題結(jié)構(gòu)題細節(jié)題推理題態(tài)度題1：GISTQUESTION主旨目的題什么是主旨目的題？主旨題分為內(nèi)容主旨和目的主旨如何識別主旨目的題？Whatarethestudentsmainlydiscussing?Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?Whatisthemainpurposeofthelecture?Whatistheprofessormainlydiscussing?文章的主旨解決之道：（1）聽準開頭；（2）把握對話目的；（3）對于演講，敏感開頭句型；（4）捕捉全文重復（主題決定細節(jié)，細節(jié)反映主題）；（5）訓練關(guān)鍵詞的敏感（大多是名詞和動詞）——適應于長對話文章的主旨展開方式直接展開：todaywearegoingtotalkabout…I’dliketobeginmylecturebyintroducing…let’sfocuson…let’snowtakealookat…問答式展開：howarecompaniestypicallystructured?Doyourememberwhattheyare?Howcanyouunderstandit?Whydoeshumanbeingconsideritimportant?全文關(guān)鍵詞總結(jié)選項特征正確選項標志詞：history,development,background,information,growth,origin,features,characteristics,invention,creation,innovation,evolution,era,trend,comparison,classification等干擾選項特征：Toogeneral:anideathatisbeyondthefocusoftheconversationorlecturetoospecific:asupportingdetailinsteadofamainideainaccurate:nottrue,oronlypartiallytrue,accordingtothespeakersirrelevant:aboutsomethingthatthespeakersdon’tmention2：DETAILQUESTION細節(jié)題什么是細節(jié)題？requirethelistenertounderstandandrememberexplicitdetailsorfactsthatareimportantasanexplanationoranexampleofthemainidea.Thesedetailsaretypicallyrelated,directlyorindirectly,tothegistofthetext,byprovidingelaboration,examplesorothersupport.如何識別細節(jié)題？Whatproblemdoesthemanhave?ETSAccordingtotheconversation,whataretwowaysinwhichbacteriacellsgetresistancegenes?WhydoestheprofessortalkaboutPlato’sdescriptionofsociety?細節(jié)題的考查點時間細節(jié)年份、月份、星期、四季的說法注意細節(jié)對應的事件地點細節(jié)國家名稱（縮寫、中文）美國地名名詞細節(jié)文章中出現(xiàn)的一個名詞前后的特點記住名詞出現(xiàn)時候的發(fā)音方位細節(jié)注意方位詞的說法注意方向詞的說法數(shù)字細節(jié)注意逗號原則的應用注意分數(shù)，小數(shù)，百分數(shù)的說法注意數(shù)字修飾的名詞顏色形狀細節(jié)常見的顏色詞匯常見的形狀詞匯態(tài)度細節(jié)注意點評一個事物所用的形容詞注意正負態(tài)度評價人名細節(jié)積累常見名人人名的發(fā)音注意人名的前后一致性雙選細節(jié)注意并列的原因、建議、結(jié)果、陳述、特點注意序數(shù)詞和表示順序的短語圖片細節(jié)常見的會出現(xiàn)圖片學科：生物學，植物學，地理學，地質(zhì)學，氣象學抓住圖片中的要素：大小，形狀，顏色，方向，方位，特點筆記中記錄下圖片3：PURPOSEQUESTION功能題什么是功能題？thequestiontypeofteninvolvesreplayingaportionofthelisteningpassage.如何識別功能題？Whatdoestheprofessorimplywhenhesaysthis:(reply)Whatcanbeinferredfromtheprofessor’sresponsetothestudent?Whatisthepurposeofthewoman’sresponse?Whydoesthestudentsaythis?托福聽力中的常見功能：Explanation:Simplyput/Let’sputinthisway/IthinkIshould/youmeanConclusion:nowtosum/wrapupmyspeechSuggestion:youshouldhavedonesomethingbetterInspiration:comeon,youaresupposedtoknowthis…Emphasis:pleasebearinmindthat…/RhetoricalquestionCorrectingmistake:Excuseme,Actually,DidIsayXXX?ImeanYYY.Oh,waitaminutes,WhatamIsaying?waitaminute/Imadeaslipoftongue4：ATTITUDEQUESTION態(tài)度題什么是態(tài)度題？youmaybeaskedaquestionaboutthespeaker’sfeelings,likesanddislikes,orreasonforanxietyoramusement.Alsoincludedinthiscategoryarequestionsaboutaspeaker’sdegreeofcertainty:isthespeakerreferencingasourceorgivingapersonalopinion?Arethefactspresentedgenerallyacceptedoraretheydisputed?如何識別態(tài)度題？Whatcanbeinferredaboutthestudent?Whatistheprofessor’sattitudetoward…?Whatistheprofessor’sopinionof…?Whatcanbeinferredaboutthestudentwhenshesaysthis:Whatdoesthewomanmeanwhenshesaysthis:態(tài)度題的Tips:(1)語氣語調(diào)，重讀，小詞；(2)把握態(tài)度上的肯定還是否定；(3)喜歡還是厭倦；(4)有興趣還是沒有興趣；(5)滿意、不滿意還是受挫；托福聽力中的常見態(tài)度：Awful:woops!Uh-uh!Oh,no!Oh,dear!Oh,shoot!Remind:Idon’tthinkyouwilldo/Iwaswonderingifyouwilldosomething/Idon’timagineifyoudo…/youhaven’tdonesomething,haveyou?Pity:whatashame/that’stoobad./I’msorrytohearthat/toughluckEulogy:Fabulous=Fab;Magnificent=Magnif;Glamorous=Glam;Excellent;Terrific;Awesome;Amazing;Fantastic;Incredible;Outstanding;Superb;Charming;Goodjobtotheprofessor:Fascinating;Catching;Instructive;StimulatingThought-provoking;Surprise:Gee!Jesus!Mydear!Boy!JesusChrist!Man!Oh,myGod!Gosh!Oh,my!What!Dearme!Tactfulrefuse:Soundsgreat,but/Soundslikefun,but/that’stempting,but/IwishIcould,but/I’dloveto,but/I’dreallyliketo,but/Iwould(ifIcould),but/Imeantto,but/Ihavebeenmeaningto(dosomething),but/Ishouldhave,but…5：ORGANIZATIONQUESTION結(jié)構(gòu)題什么是結(jié)構(gòu)題？inunderstandingorganizationquestionsyoumaybeaskedabouttheoverallorganizationofthelisteningpassage,oryoumaybeaskedabouttherelationshipbetweentwoportionsofthelisteningpassage.如何識別全文結(jié)構(gòu)題？Howistheinformationinthelectureorganized?HowdoestheprofessorclarifythepointshemakesaboutMexico?新托福演講文章的四種典型結(jié)構(gòu)直線型結(jié)構(gòu)并列結(jié)構(gòu)比較結(jié)構(gòu)對比結(jié)構(gòu)如何識別表格題？配對表格題：重要信息對號入座，側(cè)重于考察多個時間、地點、人物、事件的對應／段落中主要論點下的各分支及各分支定義和主要特點判斷表格題：側(cè)重于考察哪些信息提到／沒提到（注意記錄文中列舉的主要觀點／舉例）排序表格題：側(cè)重于考察對過程／步驟地把握6：INFERENCEQUESTION推理題什么是推理題？Youusuallyhavetoreachaconclusionbasedonfactspresentedinthelisteningpassage.如何識別推理題？W