初中常見地四種時態(tài)

一般現(xiàn)在時講解及練習(xí)一、 定義與講解一般現(xiàn)在時：表示經(jīng)常性的事情，經(jīng)常性的動作或一般性事實。時間狀語：often經(jīng)常，usually通常，always總是，every每個，sometimes有時，onceaweek一周一次；twiceamonth一個月兩次只有在第三人稱單數(shù)用動詞的“三單變化”，其他用動詞的原形。三單變化：（1）直接在動詞詞尾加-s.ask---askswork---worksget---gets stay-stays（2） 以字母s,x,ch,sh或o結(jié)尾的動詞，在詞尾直接加-es.watch---watcheswish---wishesfix---fixes do---doesgo---goes pass---passes（3） 以“輔音字母加-y”結(jié)尾的動詞，要先變y為i再加-es.try---tries study---studiescry---cries fly---flies（4） .不規(guī)則變化：be----isarehave----has二、一般現(xiàn)在時用法1.表示經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性,永久性的動作或存在的狀態(tài).通常與副詞sometimes,often,usually,always,everyday（year,month）,once（twice,threetimes）aday,等時間狀語連用。Theyusuallygotoschoolbybike.Itakethemedicinethreetimesaday.Shehelpshermotheronceaweek.Mary'sfatherisapoliceman.Thereare50studentsinmyclass。表示客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，等客觀事實或格言，諺語等。Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewesteveryday.ThemanwhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotarealman.TomorrowisTuesday.三、一般現(xiàn)在時的句子轉(zhuǎn)換：（1） 當句子中有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞時，則把be動詞或情態(tài)動詞（can,could等等）提到主語的前面變成疑問句;在be動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面加not變成否定句.例：①陳述句：Sheisastudent.疑問句fIssheastudent?否定句fSheisnotastudent.②陳述句：Icanswim.疑問句fCanyouswim否定句fIcannotswim.（2）當句子中即沒有be動詞，也沒有情態(tài)動詞時，則在主語前加助動詞do（you,以及復(fù)數(shù)），does（單數(shù)she,he,it）變成問句；在主語后謂語動詞前加助動詞don't（I,you,以及復(fù)數(shù)），doesn't（單數(shù)she,he,it）變成否定句，助動詞后的動詞要變成動詞原形。

例：①陳述句：Wegetupat7:00everymorning.疑問句—Doyougetupat7:00everymorning?否定句—Wedon'tgetupat7:00everymorning.②陳述句：Shehasalittlebrother.疑問句—Doesshehavealittlebrother?否定句—Shedoesn'thavealittlebrother.．用動詞的適當形式填空She (go)toschoolatseveno'clock.It's6o'clock.Theyare (eat)supper.Heusually upat17:00.(get)She (live)inBeijing.Amy (be)herejustnow. (be)thereaflyonthetablejustnow?Myfather (watch)TVeveryevening.Myfather (make)toysthesedays.9． Amy (read)Englisheveryday?ChenJiesometimes (go)totheparkwithhersister..選擇填空D.domyhomeworksD.Let'sto1D.domyhomeworksD.Let'sto2．It'stime .A.gotoschoolB.playgamesC.togohomeD.todomy3． goandhelpher.A.Let'smeB.Let'susC.Let's4．Dotheyhaveanewcar?Yes, .A.theyareB.theyhaveC.theydon'tD.theydo5．Heoften supperat6:00intheevening.A.haveB.hasc.ishavingD.iseatingWe anyChineseclassesonFriday.A.arehavingB.aren'thavingC.don'thaveD.arehave、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當形式填空。Heoften (have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy (be)inClassOne.We (notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick (notgo)tothezooonSunday.they (like)theWorldCup?Whattheyoften (do)onSaturdays?yourparents (read)newspaperseveryday?Thegirl (teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI (take)awalktogethereveryevening.There (be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike (like)cooking.They (have)thesamehobby.Myaunt (look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways (do)yourhomeworkwell.I (be)ill.I'mstayinginbed.She (go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao (do)notlikePE.Thechildoften (watch)TVintheevening.WangKaiandWangli (have)eightlessonsthisterm.－Whatday (be)ittoday?－It'sSaturday.Weoften (play)intheplaygound.He (get)upatsixo'clock. you (brush)yourteetheverymorning.What (do)heusually(do)afterschool?Danny (study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtanschool.Mikesometimes (go)totheparkwithhissister.Ateightatnight,she (watch)TVwithhisparents. Mike (read)Englisheveryday?Howmanylessons yourclassmate (have)onMonday?Whattime hismother (do)thehousework?Doyouoftenplayfootballafterschool?(肯定回答)Ihavemanybooks.(改為否定句)GaoShan'ssisterlikesplayingtabletennis(改為否定句)ShelivesinasmalltownnearNewYork.(改為一般疑問句)IwatchTVeveryday.(改為一般疑問句)Davidhasgotagoal.(改為一般疑問句)Wehavefourlessons.(否定句)Nancydoesn'trunfast(肯定句)Mydogrunsfast.否定句：一般疑問句：Mikehastwolettersforhim.一般疑問句：否定句：IusuallyplayfootballonFridayafternoon.否定句：一般疑問句:劃線部分提問SuYangusuallywashessomeclothesonSaturday.否定句：一般疑問句:劃線提問:Mingmingusuallywaterstheflowerseveryday否定句:一般疑問句:劃線提問Tomdoeshishomeworkathome.否定句:一般疑問句:劃線提問一般過去時態(tài)講解及練習(xí)1．一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作°(yesterday...昨天…last.…上一個 ago....以前)Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：am和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as°(wasnot=wasn't)are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere°(werenot=weren't)⑶帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not,—般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3?句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子否定句：didn't+動詞原形，如：Jimdidn'tgohomeyesterday.一般疑問句：在句首加did,句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。女如DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑問句：⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形？女如WhatdidJimdoyesterday?2疑問詞當主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式？女如Whowenttohomeyesterday?動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：一般在動詞末尾加-ed,如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked結(jié)尾是e加d,如：taste-tasted末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed,女口:stop-stopped以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i,再加-ed，如：study-studied不規(guī)則動詞過去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,get-got,go-went,come-came,、寫出下列動詞的過去式isam fly plant ___are__drink play _go __makedoes dance worry ask_taste eat ___draw ___put__throw ___kick __pass __do__二、 Be動詞的過去時練習(xí)用be動詞的適當形式填空I atschooljustnow.He atthecamplastweek.We studentstwoyearsago.They onthefarmamomentago.YangLing elevenyearsoldlastyear.There anappleontheplateyesterday.There somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.Themobilephone onthesofayesterdayevening.I anEnglishteachernow.She happyyesterday.They gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.HelenandNancy goodfriends.Thelittledog twoyearsoldthisyear.Look,there lotsofgrapeshere.There asignonthechaironMonday..Today thesecondofJune.Yesterday thefirstofJune.It Children'sDay.Allthestudents veryexcited.三、 行為動詞的過去時練習(xí)用行為動詞的適當形式填空He (live)inWuxitwoyearsago.Thecat (eat)abirdlastnight.We (have)apartylastHalloween.Nancy (pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.I (make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.They (play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.Mymother (cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.Thegirls (sing)and (dance)attheparty.I (watch)acartoononSaturday.Herfather (read)anewspaperlastnight.We tozooyesterday,we tothepark.(go) you (visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival? he (fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he .GaoShan (pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.I (sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother .What she (find)inthegardenlastmorning?She (find)abeautifulbutterfly.現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)講解及練習(xí)1．現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。(now現(xiàn)在；Look!看！Listen!聽！)2.現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動詞ing.3?現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句在be后加not?，F(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首?，F(xiàn)在進行時的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達意+be+主語+動詞ing?但疑問詞當主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達意+be+動詞ing?動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則(直接加；去e加；雙寫加)一般情況下，直接加ing,如：cook-cooking以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，女如run-running,stop-stopping一、 寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play run swim make go like write ski read have sing dance put see buy love live take come get stop sit begin shop 二、 用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：Theboy (draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls (sing)intheclassroom.Mymother (cook)somenicefoodnow.What you (do)now?Look.They (have)anEnglishlesson.They (not,water)theflowersnow.Look!thegirls (dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She (listen)tomusic.9.It's5o'clocknow.We (have)suppernow.10. Helen (wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：I.Theyaredoinghousework』分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)2．Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)I'mplayingthefootballintheplayground』對劃線部分進行提問)Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(對劃線部分講行提問)一般將來時態(tài)講解及練習(xí)、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year...),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等。、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①begoingto+do:②will+do.在be動詞(am,is,are)l后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成won't。I'mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.—I'mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑問句：be或will提到句首，some改為any,and改為or,第一二人稱互換。Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.—Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthi是weekend?五、 對劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。問人。Who例如：I'mgoingtoNewYorksoon.—Who'sgoingtoNewYorksoon.問干什么。What.do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.—Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.問什么時候。When.例如：She'sgoingtogotobedatnine.—Whenisshegoingtobed?六、 同義句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow(明天).=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.今日練習(xí)：1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.下個星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打籃球。What nextMonday?I playbasketball.What youdonextMonday?I playbasketball.你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。 yourmother goshoppingthis ?Yes,she .She buysomefruit.你們打算什么時候見面。Whattime you meet?改句子。Nancyisgoingtogocamping.(改否定)Nancy goingtogocamping.I'llgoandjointhem.(改否定)I go