山西省長治市谷村中學2021年高一英語上學期期末試題含解析

山西省長治市谷村中學2021年高一英語上學期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.______taketheplane,theexpertdecidedtotakethetraintoJinan.A.Morethan

B.Ratherthan

C.Otherthan

D.Lessthan參考答案：B2.I’dliketobuyahouse—modern,comfortableand

inaquietneighborhood.A.inall

B.aboveall

C.afterall

D.atall參考答案：B3.Ifyou

spitatall,pleasespitinthebucket(痰孟里)providedA.must

B.shall

C.should

D.may參考答案：A4.OurEnglishteacher_____Londoninafewdays.Iwonderwhenearliestplane_____onSaturday.

A.leaves;takesoff

B.isleaving;takesoffC.isleaving;istakingof

D.willleave;istakingoff參考答案：B5._____yougoorstayathomewon’tmakeanydifference.

A.Whether

B.If

C.When

D.That參考答案：A略34.Whilelisteningcarefully,

thestudents＿＿＿whattheirteachersaid.A.setdownB.turneddownC.gotdownD.calmeddown參考答案：A略7.Thephotos________me________whatwedidtogetherduringourholidays.A．say;about

B．remind;of

C．tell;with

D．remind;/參考答案：B8.Theclothfeels

,butitwashes

.A.soft;well

B.softly;good

C.softly;well

D.soft;good參考答案：A9.Thepricesofallthegoods_________upandnooneknowswhentheywillbecomestableA.hadgone

B.havebeengoing

C.havegone

D.hadbeengoing參考答案：B10.________manychangeshave_______,weshouldkeeppacewiththechangestoo.A.Since;takentheplace

B.Because;takenplace

C.Nowthat;takenplace D.As;beentakenplace參考答案：C11.Mikeworksfarawayfromhomeandheisalways____hisparents.

A.concerned

B.concernedabout

C.concerns

D.concernedwith參考答案：B12.—Whendoyouthinkthelecturewillbegin?

—I’mnotsureyet,butthespeakeris________tobeherebeforenine.

A.possible

B.probable

C.likely

D.perhaps參考答案：C略13.MyinterestinsurfingontheInternethas________mostofmysparetime,butithasrepaidmeagreatdealofenjoyment.A.takenoff

B.takendownC.takenup

D.takenaway參考答案：Ctakeup“占據(jù)(空間、時間)”，符合句意。14.Thereisnodoubt_______myfriendisnotsatisfiedwithwhattheyhavedone.A.that

B.whether

C.if

D.why參考答案：A15.Somepeopleareagainsttheplanbut______supportit.A.anymore

B.manymore

C.muchmore

D.nomore參考答案：B16.Theteachersetsuchdifficultproblems______nobodycouldworkout_____noneofuspassedthetest.A.as;that

B.that;as C./;that

D.as;as參考答案：A二、完型填空17.TherearethousandsofpeopleacrosstheUnitedStateswithoutanyfoodorshelter(住所).EverySaturdayorSundaynight,myfamilyandIgooutand___21___thehomelesspeopleinthecity.Thereisone___22___thingIliketomentionhere.Beforewebeginour___23___,myfamilyandIdonoteat.Wedothis___24___weknowhowitfeelstobehungry.Weallgettogetherinthekitchenand___25___thefood.Wethen___26___thefoodfor30ormorepeople.Iliketowriteaspecial___27___onthebagslike“Godlovesyou”.Alotofpeople___28___homelesspeople.Notallhomelesspeoplearebadpeople.Somearereally___29___.Manypeoplehatethemfornogoodreason.Inthebeginning,whenmyfamilyandIwentoutonthestreet,wehadtoearn(贏得)their_____30_____.Later,asthey_____31_____useveryweek,theystartedtotrustus.We_____32_____knowsomeoftheirnames.Weallhavetokeepinmindthattheyalsohave_____33_____.Someofthemshakeourhandsforgivingthemfood,and_____34_____us.Someofthemdoreallyfunnydancesbecausetheyare_____35_____.Wehavebecomereally_____36_____toamannamedTonyandhiswife.Aftermeetingwiththemseveraltimes,hehastoldusalotabouthis_____37_____.Hegraduated_____38_____collegeandhasaPHD.HeusedtoteachFrenchandSpanish.Afterwefeedthehomeless,itmakesmeappreciate_____39_____Ihaveathome.Sometimesitmakesmesad,andmakesmymomcry.Ilovefeedingthehomeless,andmakinga_____40_____insomeone’slife.21.A.visit

B.introduce

C.save

D.feed22.A.hopeful

B.exciting

C.special

D.cruel23.A.show

B.journey

C.vacation

D.meal24.A.so

B.when

C.if

D.because25.A.design

B.prepare

C.buy

D.give26.A.bag

B.cook

C.fetch

D.find27.A.passage

B.saying

C.note

D.article28.A.please

B.help

C.love

D.misunderstand29.A.helpful

B.nice

C.funny

D.beautiful30.A.trust

B.trouble

C.disadvantage

D.suffering31.A.served

B.told

C.saw

D.heeded32.A.hardly

B.never

C.sometimes

D.even33.A.words

B.looks

C.opinions

D.feelings34.A.change

B.thank

C.express

D.dislike35.A.happy

B.great

C.surprised

D.angry36.A.low

B.high

C.far

D.close37.A.dream

B.future

C.life

D.friend38.A.from

B.in

C.for

D.at39.A.how

B.what

C.that

D.which40.A.rule

B.profit

C.difference

D.decision參考答案：21.D

22.C

23.B

24.A

25.B

26.A

27.C

28.D

29.B

30.A

31.C

32.D

33.D

34.B

35.A

36.D

37.C

38.A

39.B

40.C這是一篇記敘文。在美國有成千上萬的人無家可歸，流浪街頭，作者及家人每個周末都堅持到街上給流浪者分發(fā)食物。出門前，作者及家人都不進食。慢慢地，那些流浪者開始信任作者一家人。作者向流浪者分完食物后，都會感激自己所擁有的一切?！?1題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.visit拜訪；B.introduce介紹；C.save救，節(jié)??；D.feed喂（養(yǎng)）。根據(jù)第四段Afterwefeedthehomeless,﹍可知，此處填feed。句意：每周六或周日的晚上，我們?nèi)叶紩鲩T給無家可歸的人提供食物。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.hopeful有希望的；B.exciting令人興奮的；C.special特別的；D.cruel殘酷的。從下一句話可知，此處作者要提一件特別的事情：出去分發(fā)食物之前，全家都不吃飯。句意：有一件特別的事情我想說一下。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.show展示；B.journey行程；C.vacation假期；D.meal一餐。句意：上街分發(fā)食物的行程之前，我們?nèi)叶疾怀燥?。根?jù)上文可知是分發(fā)食物的行程，A、C和D選項均不符合題意，都排除，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查連詞辨析。A.so因此；B.when當﹍時；C.if如果；D.because因為。句意：我們這么做，因此我們能知道饑餓的感覺。選項B、C、D均不符合文意，都排除，故選A。【25題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.design設計；B.prepare準備；C.buy購買；D.give給予。句意：我們在廚房集合，準備食物。此處作者及家人自己為無家可歸的人準備食物，不是購買、設計，也不是給予，選項A、C和D均不符合文意，故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.bag打包；B.cook烹飪；C.fetch取，拿；D.find發(fā)現(xiàn)。句意：然后我們把食物打包成三十多份。根據(jù)下一句話Iliketowriteaspecialnoteonthebagslike“Godlovesyou”.可知，作者喜歡在袋子上留一個便條。故可知此處作者及家人把食物打包，故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.passage文章，通道；B.saying諺語；C.note便條；D.article文章。句意：我喜歡在袋子上寫個諸如“上帝愛你”的便條。其它選項均不符合題意，利用排除法排除，故選C。【28題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.please取悅；B.help幫；C.love愛；D.misunderstand誤解。句意：許多人對流浪者存在誤解。下一句話Notallhomelesspeoplearebadpeople（不是所有的無家可歸的人都是壞人），可知許多人對無家可歸的人有誤解，所以此處選misunderstand，故選D。【29題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.helpful樂于幫助的，有益的；B.nice很好的；C.funny有趣的；D.beautiful美麗的。句意：一些人真的很好。根據(jù)上一句話Notallhomelesspeoplearebadpeople（不是所有的無家可歸的人都是壞人），可知有些無家可歸的人很好，故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.trust信任；B.trouble麻煩；C.disadvantage缺點，不利條件；D.suffering受難，苦楚。根據(jù)下文theystartedtotrustus可知，一開始我們要取得他們的信任。句意：起初，當我和家人上街分發(fā)食物的時候還需要贏得那些流浪者的信任。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.served為﹍服務；B.told告訴；C.saw看見；D.heeded注意，留心。句意：后來，由于每周他們都能看見我們，也就開始信任我們了。選項A、B、D均不符合文意，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.hardly幾乎不；B.never從不；C.sometimes有時；D.even甚至。句意：我們甚至還知道了他們中一些人的名字。我們不僅取得了他們的信任，而且還知道了他們中一些人的名字，這是在信任的基礎上進一步的發(fā)展，所以用even，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.words語言，單詞；B.looks樣子；C.opinions觀點；D.feelings感情。從下一句可知，流浪者會握住我們的手表達感謝，他們也是有感情的。句意：我們所有的人必須記住他們也是有感情的。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.change改變；B.thank謝謝；C.express表達；D.dislike不喜歡。作者及家人給流浪者分發(fā)食物，他們向作者的家人握手表示感謝。句意：有些流浪者會握住我們的手，感謝我們提供食物。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.happy高興的；B.great偉大的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.angry生氣的。有些流浪者跳舞是因為作者及家人給他們分發(fā)食物他們很開心。句意：有些流浪者會跳很有趣的舞蹈，因為他們很開心。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.low低的，矮的；B.high高的；C.far較遠的；D.close親密的。從下文可知，Tony給作者及家人說了很多他的事情，可知作者及家人與Tony走的很親近。句意：我們與Tony和他的妻子走的很親近。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.dream夢想；B.future將來；C.life生活，人生；D.friend朋友。從下文可知，Tony大學畢業(yè)，曾經(jīng)教法語和西班牙語，這些都是Tony的生活與人生。句意：見了幾次面以后，Tony給我們講述了他的人生。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查介詞辯詞。graduatefrom從﹍畢業(yè)，為固定搭配。句意：Tony大學畢業(yè)，有博士學位。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：向流浪者分發(fā)完食物以后，我會感激我所擁有的一切。what“所﹍的”，引導賓語從句，在從句中做have的賓語，故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.rule規(guī)章；B.profit利潤；C.difference不同；D.decision決定。makeadifference有影響，起作用，為固定搭配。句意：我喜歡向流浪者食物，喜歡給別人的生活帶來一些不同。故選C。三、閱讀理解18.BlackholeswerefirstputforwardbyAlbertEinsteinin1916.However,scientistshadnotprovedtheirdirectly.ThatchangedonApril10,2019,withthereleaseofthefirstphotoofablackholeinthecenterofthegalaxy(星系)M87,located55millionlightyearsfromEarth.Thephotodoesnotshowtheblackholeitself.That'sbecausetheyareblackandsotheycan'tbeseeninspace.thescientistsusedradiosignalstocapture(拍攝)theblackhole's"shadow"—thebrightringthatformsarounditsedge,whenlightbendsbecauseoftheextremegravityaroundthehole.TheM87blackhole,believedtohaveamass6.5billiontimesthatofoursun,wascapturedusingtheEventHorizonTelescope(EHT)—anetworkofeightpowerfultelescopes(望遠鏡.)Thetelescopes，locatedinHawaii,Arizona,Chile,Mexico,SpainandAntarctica,separatelycapturedtheblackholl'sradiosignalsoverfournightsinApril2017,whentheweatherwasfineinallsixplaces.Thedatawastranspcriedtoacentrewhereitwasdealtwithbyasupercomputertoformthephotooftheblackhole'sshadow.Theresearcherssaywhilethephotoisslightlyblurry,futurephotoswillbeclearerasmoretelescopesareaddedtotheEHT.Black'holesarenoteasytocaptureoncamerabecause

theyaresurroundedbythickdustyandhotgases.Blackholesareareasinspacewherethepullingstrengthofgravityissopowerfulthatevenlightisunabletoescape.Theycanbedifferentwidelyinsizeandmass.Thesmallest,

called"primordial"blackholesareassmallasasingleatombutwithamassofabigmountain."Stellar''blackholes,whicharethemostcommon,haveadiameter(直徑)ofabout10milesandamass20timesthatofoursun.Thelargestor“supermassive''blackholes,similartothatofM87's,canhaveamass.greaterthanmillions,orevenbillionsofsunscombined.29.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?A.Einstein'spredicticnaboutblackholesisright.B.Einsteincapturedtheblackholeacenturyago.C.Scientistshaven'tprovedblackholes'presence.D.Theblackholehasbeenknownforcenturies.30.Whatdidthescientistsusetocapturetheblackhole's"shadow"?A.Moonlight. B.Naturallight. C.Radiosignals. D.Soundwaves.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blurry”inthethirdparagraphprobablymean?A.Notbig. B.Notclear. C.Notnew. D.Notattractive.32.WhatcanweknowabouttheM87blackhole?A.Itisalmostempty. B.Itisthesmallestone. C.Itisverybright. D.Itisverylarge.參考答案：29.A

30.C

31.B

32.D【分析】本文為說明文。日前，美國科學家公布了人類拍攝的第一張黑洞的照片，這張照片直接證實了愛因斯坦關于黑洞預言的準確性。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容“BlackholeswerefirstputforwardbyAlbertEinsteinin1916.However,scientistshadnotprovedtheirdirectly.ThatchangedonApril10,2019,withthereleaseofthefirstphotoofablackholeinthecenterofthegalaxy(星系)M87,located55millionlightyearsfromEarth.”黑洞是愛因斯坦于1916年首次提出的。科學家當時只是還能直接證明。在2019年4月10日有了銀河系中心的一個黑洞（M87）第一張照片，距離地球5500萬光年?？梢耘袛啵谝粡埡诙凑掌墓甲C實了愛因斯坦關于黑洞預言的正確性。故選A?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“thescientistsusedradiosignalstocapture(拍攝)theblackhole's"shadow"可知，科學家使用無線電信號來拍攝黑洞的“陰影”。故選C?！?1題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的轉換連詞“while”可知，前后兩句意思是相反的。根據(jù)后一句“futurephotoswillbeclearerasmoretelescopesareaddedtotheEHT”未來的照片將會更清晰，可知，與之相反的是“不清晰的”。結合后面的“Black'holesarenoteasytocaptureoncamerabecause

theyaresurroundedbythickdustyandhotgases”可知黑洞不容易被攝像機捕捉到，因為它們被厚厚的塵埃和熱氣體包圍著。由此可判斷，blurry是“不清晰的”即“模糊不清的”意思。分析選項可知B符合題意，故選B。【32題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Thelargestor‘supermassive’blackholes,similartothatofM87’s”可知，M87黑洞屬于超大型黑洞。故選D?！军c睛】在閱讀中我們經(jīng)常會考查猜測詞義題。事實上，閱讀材料中的每個詞與它前后的詞語或句子甚至段落都有聯(lián)系。運用邏輯推理猜測詞義是使用最廣考查最多也最易失分的猜詞方式，這要求考生具備整合分散、復雜信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各種已知信息）并結合具體的語境推測、判斷某些詞或短語的詞義。例如第3小題屬于詞意猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前的轉換連詞“while”可知，前后兩句意思是相反的。根據(jù)后一句“futurephotoswillbeclearerasmoretelescopesareaddedtotheEHT”未來的照片將會更清晰，可知，與之相反的是“不清晰“。結合后面的“Black'holesarenoteasytocaptureoncamerabecause

theyaresurroundedbythickdustyandhotgases”可知黑洞不容易被攝像機捕捉到，因為它們被厚厚的塵埃和熱氣體包圍著。由此可判斷，blurry是“不清晰的”即“模糊不清的”意思。分析選項可知B符合題意，故選B。19.請認真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯卧~。注意：每個空格只填1個單詞。It’snevertoolatetorightyourwrongs,bigorsmall.WorkingashardasIhadbeenovertheyears,Ihadbecomedisconnectedfrom（失去聯(lián)系的）thepeoplewhomatteredmosttome.Idecidedtospendayearreconnectingwithmyfriendsandsandmakingamends(補償).IdevotedmyselftocaringforwhatIcalled“myunfinishedbusiness”,whichhashelpedmebecomeamoreattentivehusband,father,sonandfriend—andahappier,moreenergeticperson.NowthatI’vehadagoodopportunitytorevisitmypastmistakes—andexperiencetherewardsoffixingthem—I’dliketosharesomeofthelessonsIhavelearned:Haveyoulosttouchwithpeoplewhowereimportanttoyou?Aretherethingsyou’vedoneornotdonethatareinfrontofyou?Aretherepeopleinyourlifeyoudon’tknowhowmuchtheymeanttoyou?Listyourunfinishedbusinessandtakeactiontodealwithit.Insteadoftryingtoputanendtothecoldwardividingyourfamily,beginwithasmallthingyoucancontrol.ApologizetoyourbrotherfornotattendinghisSuperBowlparty.Respondtoane-mailyoushouldhaveansweredaweekago.Writeanoteormakeacall.Noma