高考完形填空解題技巧課件

英語完形填空技巧英語完形填空技巧1英語完形填空考查內(nèi)容從近幾年高考的完形填空來看，主要是從語義搭配、結(jié)構(gòu)搭配、慣用搭配及邏輯知識等方面來測試學(xué)生詞匯的掌握及運用。而且有些詞的選擇，必須在理解整篇文章的基礎(chǔ)上，才能作出正確的判斷。英語完形填空考查內(nèi)容從近幾年高考的完形填空來看，主要是從語義2英語完形填空考查哪些能力?1

語篇理解2

邏輯推理，歸納概括3

情景運用，常識應(yīng)用4

上下文聯(lián)系5

詞語辨析英語完形填空考查哪些能力?1語篇理解2邏輯推理，歸納概括3完形填空的解題技巧1）根據(jù)上下文語境解題5）根據(jù)生活常識及文化背景解題4）根據(jù)詞語固定搭配及辨析解題2）根據(jù)句段間的邏輯推理關(guān)系解題3)根據(jù)詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)解題完形填空的解題技巧1）根據(jù)上下文語境解題5）根據(jù)生活常識及文41）上下文語境把具體的語言知識溶進具體的語言情景中去，考查考生通過上下文的前后提示或暗示，對整體文意進行把握的能力。這種考查方式所占的比例較大，且難度也大，若單純從句子或個別段落來分析，或許所給的四個答案在語法和結(jié)構(gòu)上都是正確的，若放在全局，則不一定正確。因此，快速瀏覽全文，領(lǐng)悟文章主旨，通過上下文的語境來選擇答案是解決這類題的關(guān)鍵。1）上下文語境把具體的語言知識溶進具體的語言情景中去，考查考5例1：

Iclimbedthestairsslowly,carryingabigsuitcase,myfatherfollowingwithtwomore.BythetimeIgottothethirdfloor,Iwas

1

andthesametimefeelinglonely.Worsestill,Dad

2astepandfell,sendingmynewsuitcaserollingdownthestairs.

1.A.helpless

B.lazy

C.anxious

D.tired

2.A.took

B.minded

C.missed

D.picked

例1：Iclimbedthestairsslowl6例2:

ButEllaFant,whowasfilledwith

1

,shoutedatthetopofhervoice,〝Lookat

2

﹗They‘realloutof

stepexceptmyJohn﹗Isn’thethebest﹗〞

1.A.sadness

B.happiness

C.surprise

D.regret

2.A.them

B.her

C.that

D.him

例2:ButEllaFant,whowasfil72）句際間的邏輯推理關(guān)系完形填空中的任何一句話往往都不是孤立存在的，而是要靠上下作依托，看前因后果才能確立的。它涉及到文章的起承轉(zhuǎn)合、上下連貫。這類題主要考查考生對上下文邏輯關(guān)系的理解，如轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、讓步關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進關(guān)系、比較關(guān)系以及對比關(guān)系等。

2）句際間的邏輯推理關(guān)系完形填空中的任何一句話往往都不是孤立8例1：

IthasbeenmanyyearssinceIwaslastinLondon,______Istillremembersomethingthathappenedduringthatvisit.A.and B.for C.but D.as例2：

Atransistorradioissometimesverysmall.Itisveryeasytocarry…48,radiobroadcastsarebetterforblindpeople.48.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.YetD.Sometimes例1：Ithasbeenmanyyearssi9例3…andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal,sayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrange38quitepleasanttaste.

38.A.besidesB.butC.andD.or例4：

Theyaresomeofthepoorestpeopleinapovertystrickencountry.53,nowtheyhaveanextrasourceofincome.53.A.ButB.AndC.HoweverD.Therefore例3…andtheofficersthenbega103)詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)“詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)”是指某一詞以原詞、同義詞或近義詞、概括詞以及其他形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)在語篇之中。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)的語用意義是使得語篇中的句子相互銜接和連貫，從而構(gòu)成一個完整和有機的意義整體。大體上說，詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)包括：原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。3)詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)“詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)”是指某一詞以原詞、同義詞或近義詞11例1：

Thestrangethingwasthatpracticallyallthestudentswenttoclass,andveryfewpeoplestayeduplateatnight.Onlythenewpeoplestayedupor___class.A.attendedB.tookC.missedD.studied文章中or連接的是并列成分，所以空格中的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與上文wenttoclass構(gòu)成相反的意義，該題屬于反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)象。例1：Thestrangethingwasthat12例2：

Howdoesatoothgobad?The51beginsinalittlecrackintheenamel(琺瑯）coveringofthetooth.Thishappensaftergermsandbitsoffoodhavecollectedthere.Thenthedecayslowlyspreadsinsidethetooth.Intheend,poisongoesintoblood,andwemayfeelquiteill.51.A.destructionB.decayC.faultD.hurt__________例2：Howdoesatoothgobad?T134)詞語固定搭配及辨析

完形填空題中對詞匯知識的考查主要體現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣用法和同義詞、近義詞的辨析兩個方面。習(xí)慣用法是英語中某些固定的結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)，不能隨意變動。所以，考生應(yīng)掌握習(xí)慣用法，用它來分析破解完形填空題或許可算得上是一件秘密武器。詞義辨析題的比重有加大的趨勢。要做好這類題目，非得有較大的詞匯量、較強的詞語搭配能力。4)詞語固定搭配及辨析完形填空題中對詞匯知識的考查主14例1：Irealizedstrengthandcouragearen’talways1inmedalsandvictories,butinthe2weovercome.1.A.measuredB.praisedC.testedD.increased2.A.sadnessB.strugglesC.diseasesD.tiredness例1：Irealizedstrengthandcou15例2:

TheotherdayIwassittinginasmallrestauranthavingaquietdrinkandatalkwithafewfriendswhenitsuddenly1methatalmosteveryoneintherestaurantwassmoking.Itwasn’tlong2thewholeroomwasfilledwithsmoke.1.A.seemedB.struckC.sankD.showed2.A.agoB.afterC.beforeD.now例2:TheotherdayIwa165)生活常識及文化背景知識完形填空題以自身的內(nèi)容提供完整的語篇信息，其間無不滲透著各類相關(guān)的常識與知識?？忌鲱}時，若能積極地調(diào)動自己的文化背景知識和生活常識，將會大大簡化復(fù)雜的分析與判斷過程，節(jié)省寶貴的時間，順理成章地選出正確的答案。因此，這就要求考生平時注意知識的積累，并加強不同學(xué)科間的知識融合，有意識地了解一些英語國家的文化背景知識，這對英語學(xué)習(xí)和應(yīng)試將大有幫助。5)生活常識及文化背景知識完形填空題以自身的內(nèi)容提供完整的語17例1：…,shewasalwayswaitingatthebusstoparound8:00.On39days,sheworeheavyclothesandapairofwoolengloves.39.A.sunnyB.rainyC.cloudyD.snowy

例2：

Immediately)theofficersjumpedintotheircarsandrushedtothe＿＿＿hospital.A.animalB.biggestC.plantD.nearest例1：…,shewasalwayswaitinga18例3：..Onethingwealldonowandagainistoloseour54withafriendandcloserelatives.Theoddthingisthatwemoreoftendisplaygreat55towardssomeonewearefondofthantowards56.54.A.mindB.memoryC.mannerD.temper55.A.angerB.interestC.loveD.respect56.A.strangersB.friendsC.relativesD.colleagues在日常生活中人們通常會對親戚朋友或者自己發(fā)脾氣，但卻不在陌生人身上。加上more…than…的句型，則可以判斷出答案了。例3：..Onethingwealldonow19

實戰(zhàn)演練做題三忌：急于求成，未通讀全文便忙于答題，不了解文意，無整體概念邊讀邊填，兩眼忙于空白與選項之間，欲速則不達。只摳字眼，語法，不顧文意，抓不住關(guān)鍵。斷章取義，就題論題，不管前后聯(lián)系，互不照應(yīng)，前后矛盾。實戰(zhàn)演練做題三忌：20

Aredreamsofanyusetothedreamerortoanybodyelse?Wemayrememberthetravelerwho__1_______theshipWaratahatDurbanbecauseofhisterrible_2_______.TheWaratahlaterdisappearedentirely,witheveryoneon_3________.Thetraveler’sdreamshelpedhimandsavedhimfrom_4__________,buttheydidn’thelptheotherpeople.Whywasthismantreated_5___________fromeveryoneelse?1.A.left B.gotC.drove D.enter2.A.ideas B.suggestionsC.dreams D.words3.A.board B.shipC.sea D.deck4.A.life B.deathC.illness D.disease5.A.similarlyB.differentlyC.strangelyD.unfortunatelyleftboarddeathdifferentlydreamsAredreamsofanyuseto121Anotherman_6_____hadadreamabouttheBlackForestinGermany.Inhisdreamhewaswalkingintheforest_7______twomenranoutandtriedtothrowhimtothe_8_______.Heranoffasfastashecould,buttheyfollowed.Hereachedaplace_9_____hesawtwo_10________roadsinfrontofhim,onetotherightandtheothertotheleft.Whichroadoughthetotake?6.A.alone B.onceC.still D.even7.A.while B.asC.before D.when8.A.floor B.earthC.soil D.ground9.A.which B.thatC.where D.who10.A.same B.separateC.divided D.crossed句型separatewheregroundwhenonceAnotherman_6_____had22Ithasbeenarguedbysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.The1hasbeenonthebeliefthatinregularclassesthesechildrenareheldbackintheirintellectual(智力的)growthby2situationthathasdesignedforthe3children.A.principleB.theory C.arguments D.classification2.A.designing B.grouping C.learningD.living3.A.smart B.curious C.mature D.averageCCDIthasbeenarguedby23Therecanbelittledoubtthat4classescanhelpthegiftedchildrentograduateearlierandtaketheirplaceinlifesooner.However,totakethese5outoftheregularclassesmaycreateseriousproblems.4.A.regularB.specialC.small D.creative5.A.childrenB.programsC.graduates D.designsBATherecanbelittledoubtthat24Iobservedanumberof6childrenwhoweretakenoutofaspecialclassandplacedina7class.Inthespecialclass,theyshowedlittleabilitytousetheirownjudgment,relying8ontheirteachers’directions.Intheregularclass,havingnoworryaboutkeepingup,theybegantoreflect9onmanyproblems,someofwhichwerenotontheschoolprogram.6.A.intelligentB.competent C.ordinary D.independent7.A.separateB.regularC.new D.boring8.A.specially B.slightly C.wrongly D.heavily9.A,directlyB.cleverly C.voluntarily D.quicklyABDCIobservedanumberof6c25Manyareconcernedthatgiftedchildrenbecome10andloseinterestinlearning.Howeverthis