施倩文 莎士比亞十四行詩第十八首分析

莎士比亞十四行詩第十八首十四行詩介紹莎士比亞十四行詩第十八首文體分析十四行詩介紹

十四行詩(sonnet)：過去也曾音譯為《商籟詩》。十四行，抑揚(yáng)格，五音步用作全詩的形式。首先出現(xiàn)于意大利，16世紀(jì)中傳入英國，為伊麗莎白時代(伊麗莎白一世在位時期為1558一1603)文人所寵愛，莎士比亞、斯賓塞及西德尼(sidney)全都寫下過著名的十四行詩。18世紀(jì)十四行詩曾受到冷落。但后又被浪漫派詩人濟(jì)慈、華茲華斯等人所復(fù)興，以后許多詩人也多所采用。英國十四行詩有兩種類型：意大利式(Petrarvhan)及莎士比業(yè)式(Shakesperoan)(英國式)。Sonnet18ShallIcomparetheetoasummer’sday?aThouartmorelovelyandmoretemperate.bRoughwindsdoshakethedarlingbudsofmay,aAndsummer’sleasehathalltooshortadate.bSometimetoohottheeyeofheavenshines,cAndoftenishisgoldcomplexiondimm’d;dAndeveryfairfromfairsometimedeclines,cBychance,ornature’schangingcourse,untrimm’d.dButthyeternalsummershallnotfade,eNorlosepossessionofthatfairthouow’st,fNorshallDeathbragthouwander’stinhisshade,eWhenineternallinestotimethougrow’st.FSolongasmancanbreatheoreyescansee,gSolonglivesthis,andthisgiveslifetothee.gRoughwindsdoshakethedarlingbudsofMay,

AndSummer’sleasehathalltooshortadate.rough:violent;terribledarling:lovely;dear;charminglease:Hereitisfigurativelyused,meaning“l(fā)ifetime”.hath:oldusefor“has”date:periodoftime英譯：Infact,theviolentwindsdodestroythelovelybudsofMay,andsummerlastsforonlyaveryshortperiodoftime.Butthyeternalsummershallnotfade,

Norlosepossessionofthatfairthouow’st,

NorshallDeathbragthouwand’restinhisshade,

Whenineternallinestotimethougrow’steternalsummer:(metaphor)immortalyouthfulnessDeath:(personification)thedestroyeroflifeeternallines:immortallinesofpoetrysuchasthel