現(xiàn)在進行時講解及試題答案

小學英語語法之

現(xiàn)在進行時[詳解、練習、答案]

一、概念

現(xiàn)在進行時表示說話時正在進行或發(fā)生的動作,也可表示當前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作．

結(jié)構(gòu)：助動詞

be

(

am

/

is

/

are

)

+現(xiàn)在分詞.

二、

現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：

1.大多數(shù)動詞后可在動詞后直接加-ing．

Eg:

carry-carrying,catch-catching,drink-drinking,

enjoy-enjoying

hurry-hurrying

,do-doing

,

read-reading

,

think-thinking

2.

如果動詞以-e結(jié)尾,則去掉-e,再加-ing,

如come-coming

,

have-having

,

make-making,ride-riding,write-writing,take-taking,use-using．

3.

如果動詞只有一個元音字母,而其后跟有一個輔音字母時,將此輔音字母雙寫,再加-ing

如：

hit-hitting,let-letting,

put-putting,run-running,sit-sitting．

4.

如果動詞有兩個音節(jié),且重音在第二個音節(jié)上,則末尾的輔音字母須雙寫,再加-ing,

如:

for’get-forgetting,pre’fer-preferring,up’set-upsetting．試比較

’benefit/benfiting,

’differ/differing,’profit/profiting,這些詞的重音在第一個音節(jié)上,因此其末尾的輔音字母不雙寫．

5.

以

-ic

結(jié)尾的動詞,應先把

-ic

變?yōu)?/p>

-ick,再加

-ing,eg:

panic/panicking,picnic/picnicking,但

lie/lying

,die/dying,tie/tying是特殊變化要記?。?/p>

三、句型結(jié)構(gòu)：

1.現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定形式、否定形式、疑問形式及其回答,所有變化都體現(xiàn)在助動詞

be

(

is

/

am

/

are

)

上．

1)現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定形式：主語+be(am/

is/are)+doing+其他成分

I

am

singing

.

They

are

writing

.

2)現(xiàn)在進行時的否定形式:主語+be(am/

is/are)+not

+doing+其他成分

I

am

not

singing

.

They

aren’t

writing

.

3）一般疑問句及回答：be(am/

is/are)+

主語+doing+其他成分

Am

I

singing

?

Yes

,you

are

.

/

No,you

aren’t

.

Are

they

writing

?

Yes

,they

are

.

/

No,they

aren’t

.

4)特殊疑問句及回答:特殊疑問詞+be(am/

is/are)+主語+doing+其他成分

What

are

you

doing?

We

are

playing

(要求就提問內(nèi)容具體回答).

2.

縮寫形式如下:

I

am---I’m

You

are---You’re

He

is---He’s

She

is---She’s

It

is---It’s

We

are---We’re

They

are---They’re

3.說明:

不是所有動詞都能用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)的,如：

see、like、want、know

等動詞往往都不用進行時態(tài)．

四．用法：

1.表示現(xiàn)在(

指說話人說話時)

正在發(fā)生的事情．往往與

now,at

the

moment,just

等副詞連用,以示強調(diào)．

We

are

waiting

for

you.

What

are

you

doing?

Some

one’s

knocking

at

the

door．

2.正在進行著的動作可視為未完成的動作：

He’s

talking

to

his

friends

in

the

classroom.

可用

still

一詞強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性

He’s

still

talking

to

his

friends

in

the

classroom.

3.

表示長期的或重復性的動作,說話時動作未必正在進行．

Mr.

Black

is

writing

another

article.

Don’t

take

that

book

away.

Your

father’s

using

it.

She

is

learning

piano

under

Mr.

Black.

4.現(xiàn)在進行時可用來表示不會長期發(fā)生的動作或情況,或被認為在短期內(nèi)正在進行的動作或存在的情況：

What’s

your

brother

doing

these

days?

He’s

studying

English

at

Oxford

University.

5.現(xiàn)在進行時也可以用來表示當前的動向：

People

are

becoming

more

and

more

beautiful

these

days.

6.

表示漸變的動詞有：become,turn,get,grow,run,go,begin等．

The

leaves

are

turning

brown.

It’s

getting

colder

and

colder.

7.與always,constantly,forever

等詞連用,表示反復發(fā)生的動作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài),往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩．

You

are

always

changing

your

mind.

8.

現(xiàn)在進行時(以及

be

going

to）可以表示為將來安排好的活動和事件

We’re

spending

next

winter

in

China.

用arrive,come,go,leave

等動詞的現(xiàn)在進行

A.cut

B.

are

cut

C.

are

being

cut

D.

had

been

cut

答案：1.

Are

,flying,I

am

2.

Are

sitting,

3.Is,talking

4.

are

plying

5.

are,doing

6.am

singing

7.

is,mending

8.

is

mending

9.are

plying

10.is

cooking

11.

are

having

12.

Is

,writing

13.

are

fly