現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)講解及練習(xí)

4/8現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)講解及練習(xí)一、現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成肯定句：主語+have/has+done(過去分詞)+其它HehaslivedinShenzhenfor4years.一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+done(過去分詞)+其它HashelivedinShenzhenfor4years?否定句:主語+have/has+not+done(過去分詞)+其它Hehasnotfinishedhishomework.過去分詞的構(gòu)成方法如下

:1.一般情況下，直接在動詞原形后面加

–ed.workworkedansweransweredobeyobeyedwantwanted

2.以不發(fā)音的

-e

結(jié)尾的動詞只加

–d.

Movemovedhopehoped

dividedivided

3.字尾是輔音+y的動詞。則將y改i加ed.studystudiedtidytidiedsatisfysatisfied4.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞，這些詞的末尾只有一個輔音字母時，雙寫這個輔音字母，再加

–ed.stopstoppedregret

regretted

dropdropped不規(guī)則動詞過去式與過去分詞分類記憶表一、AAA.（原形，過去式和過去分詞一致）1.花費costcostcost2.割cutcutcut3.傷害hurthurthurt4.讓letletlet5.放putputput6.朗讀readreadread7.設(shè)置setsetset8.打擊，碰撞hithithit9.關(guān)上門窗shutshutshut10.讓letletlet二、ABB（過去式和過去分詞一致）1)過去式、過去分詞含有-ought1.帶來bringbroughtbrought2.買buyboughtbought3.打架fightfoughtfought4.想thinkthoughtthought5.尋找、探究seeksoughtsought2)過去式、過去分詞含有-aught5.抓住catchcaughtcaught6.教teachtaughttaught3)過去式、過去分詞-t替換原形-d7.建筑buildbuiltbuilt8.借出lendlentlent9.花費spendspentspent10.派遣sendsentsent4)過去式、過去分詞在原形詞尾加t或d11.學(xué)會learnlearnt/edlearnt/ed12.意思meanmeantmeant13.燃燒burnburnt/edburnted13.做夢dreamdreamt/eddreamt/ed13.處理dealdealtdealt14.聽hearheardheard5）過去式、過去分詞改為-ept15.保持keepkeptkept16.睡覺sleepsleptslept17.掃sweepsweptswept過去式、過去分詞改為-elt18.感覺feelfeltfel19.嗅smellsmelt/edsmelt/ed20.拼寫spellspelt/edspelt/ed7)過去式、過去分詞改為-aid20.孵蛋l(fā)aylaidlaid21.說saysaidsaid22.支付paypaidpaid8)過去式、過去分詞改為-old23.賣sellsoldsold24.告訴telltoldtold9)過去式、過去分詞改為-ood25站standstoodstood26.明白understandunderstoodunderstood10)其它變化27.得到getgotgot(gotten)28.坐sitsatsat29.照顧babysitbabysatbabysat30.離開leaveleftleft31.失去loselostlost32.找到findfoundfound33.有have(has)hadhad34.握住，召開holdheldheld35.制造makemademade36.懸掛hanghunghung37.照耀shineshoneshone39.贏winwonwon40逃跑fleefledfled41喂feedfedfed42.引導(dǎo)，導(dǎo)致leadledled43遇見meetmetmet三、ABA（過去式與原形一致）1.變成becamebecomebecome2.來comecamecome3.跑runranrunABC（原形、過去式、過去分詞各不一樣）.過去分詞在過去式或原形后加-n或-en1.擊敗beatbeatbeaten2.破壞breakbrokebroken3.駕駛drivedrovedriven4.吃eatateeaten5.落下fallfellfallen6.給givegavegiven7.生長growgrewgrown8.知道knowknewknown9.吹blowblewblown10.扔throwthrewthrown11.展示showshowedshown12.弄錯mistakemistookmistaken13.拿taketooktaken14.搖動shakeshookshaken15.說speakspokespoken16.選擇choosechosechosen三種形式都有變化1是be(is,am;are)was;werebeen2開始beginbeganbegun3做dodidDone4喝drinkdrankdrunk5飛flyflewflown6忘記forgetforgotforgot/forgotten7躺lielaylain8騎rideroderidden9打電話ringrangrung10唱singsangsung11穿wearworeworn12游泳swimswanswum13寫writewrotewritten14去gowentgone二、現(xiàn)在完成時標(biāo)志詞：recently;recentyears;thesedays/years;lately;since;for+時間段；inthepastfewyears;eversince;inthelastfivemonths;uptonow;sincethen;sofar;ever;never,yet;once;twice;already;before;justalready(已經(jīng)):用于肯定句Ihavealreadypostedtheletter.yet(已經(jīng)):用于否定句,疑問句Hehasn’tdonehishomeworkyet.just(剛剛)(2)一般過去時通常與表示過去的時間狀語連用。如：yesterday,lastweek,twoyearsago,justnow,in2002等；而現(xiàn)在完成時則常與just,already,ever,never等副詞和thesedays,thisweek,since...,for.../since...ago/uptonow/sofar等表示一段時間的狀語連用。(3)一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作。說話的側(cè)重點只在于陳述一件過去的事情，不強調(diào)對"現(xiàn)在"產(chǎn)生的影響。如：HevisitedGuilinin1998.他1998年參觀過桂林。(只說明去桂林的時間)(4)現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作發(fā)生在過去，對現(xiàn)在造成了影響或產(chǎn)生了結(jié)果。不與確定的過去時間狀語連用。如：Jillhasboughtanewcomputer.吉爾買了一臺新電腦。(著重點是現(xiàn)在有了一臺新電腦)看看以下的幾組句子，有什么區(qū)別？Haveyouseenthefilm?

(B)Didyouseethefilm?[說明]你看過這部電影嗎？(A)句強調(diào)的是被問者對劇情是否了解；(B)句強調(diào)的是看這部電影的動作是否發(fā)生過，并不強調(diào)是否知道其內(nèi)容。HehaslivedinBeijingfor8years.

(B)HelivedinBeijingfor8years.[說明]他在北京住了8年。(A)句講的是到目前為止他在北京住了8年，可能還會繼續(xù)在北京住下去。(B)句講的是他在北京住過8年，現(xiàn)在不在北京了。練習(xí)一、抄寫動詞以及過去式和過去分詞。1.be_______________-_________________2.come_______________-_________________3.go_______________-_________________4.do_______________-_________________5.have_______________-_________________6.drink_______________-_________________7.give_______________-_________________8.eat_______________-_________________9.know_______________-_________________10.run_______________-_________________11.say_______________-_________________12.see_______________-_________________13.find_______________-_________________14.draw_______________-_________________15.get_______________-_________________16.hear_______________-_________________17.begin_______________-_________________18.buy_______________-_________________19.leave_______________-_________________20become_______________-_________________21break_______________-_________________22bring_______________-_________________23build_______________-_________________24bite_______________-_________________25catch_______________-_________________26choose_______________-_________________27cut_______________-_________________28fall_______________-_________________29fly_______________-_________________30forget________________-_________________31grow_______________-_________________32hit_______________-_________________33hurt_______________-_________________34keep_______________-_________________35lend_______________-_________________36lose________________-_________________37meet_______________-_________________38put_______________-_________________39read_______________-_________________40ring_______________-_________________二、用for或since填空1.Mr.BrownhashadhisTV________15years.2.I’vetakendrivinglessons_________lastmonth.3.Mysisterhashadhercellphone________amonth.4.Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme___________mybirthday.5.Wehaven’tusedourcar________alongtime.6.Shehasn’thadagoodcupofcoffee_________years.7.Tomhaswornglasses_________hewas7yearsold.8.

JillhasbeeninIreland_________Monday.9.Mr.JasonhasbeeninParis_______threedays.10.MyaunthaslivedinAustralia_______15days.11.Margaretisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere_______7o’clock.12.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry______1974.13.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenempty______manyyears.14.Mikehasbeenill________alongtime.Hehasbeeninhospital______October.三、改寫句子，使原句的意思不變，每空一詞。1.TheEnglishprofessorarrivedhereaboutaweekagoTheEnglishprofessor______________________hereforaboutaweek.Herhusbandstartedtoworkonthefarmthreehoursago.Herhusband__________________________onthefarmforthreehours.TheFrenchmusiciancametoChinalastmonth,andheisstillhere.TheFrenchmusician_____________________________________Chinaforamonth.Hejoinedthearmyin1985.He________________________________thearmy__________1985.HejoinedtheLeaguehalfayearago.HehasbeenaLeague________________________halfayear.Thebusleftfiveminutesago.Thebus___________already_____________________forfiveminutes.ThegirlboughtanewschoolbaginSeptember.Thegirl_____________________theschoolbagsinceSeptember.8.Theshopclosedlastwinter.Theshop___________________________________sincelastwinter.9.Thefilmbegantenminutesago.Thefilm________________________________fortenminutes.10.Thedogdiedtwodaysago.Thedog____________________________________fortwodays.11.Themeetingendedlast____________month.Themeeting___________________________________foramonth.四、用have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto填空：1.—Whereisyourbrother?—He____________theshop.He’llbebacksoon.2.—__________youever_________toAmerica?—Yes,I___________NewYorktwice.3.—Hereyouareatlast!Where_________you_________?—I_____________London.4.—David_______________Australia.—I’msurehe’salreadyarrived.5.—IsBennyhere?—No,he______________theschoollibrary.Heleftfiveminutesago.五、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.

I_____________(wait)forhimfortwohours.Iamveryangry.2.

He_________(be)adoctorsincehewastwenty.3.

Thefilm__________(be)onforfifteenminutes.4.

________youever________(read)thatbookbefore?5.

________youever________(try)tochangeher?6.

Noone_____________(arrive)hereyet.7.

___________thebus____________(leave)yet?8.

I_______________(nottalk)tohimyet.9.I___________already___________(make)thebed.10.They__________just____________(go).Theywillbebacksoon.11.When___________you____________(meet)him?Lastnightorthismorning?12.She______________(notcome)hererecently.13.She___________(neversee)themanbefore.14.I____________(meet)himbefore,butIforgethisname.15.Itiseleveno’clock.He______________(notcome)backyet.16.He_______________(write)fivestoriessofar.17.She______________(be)ateacherfortenyears,shelikesherjobverymuch.18.____________she_____________(call)onyoulately?選擇題1、Both

his

parents

look

sad.Maybe

they

_________what's

happened

to

him.A.

knew

B.

haveknown

C.

mustknow

D.willknow2、He

has

_______been

to

Shanghai,has

he?A.

already

B.never

C.ever

D.still

3、Have

you

met

Mr

Li______？A.

just

B.

ago

C.before

D.

amomentago4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.A.is

writing

B.was

writing

C.wrote

D.has

written5、—Ourcountry

______alotsofar.—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.A.has

changed;well

B.

changed;goodC.has

changed;better

D.

changed;better6、ZhaoLan______already

______inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studying

B.will;studyC.has;studied

D.are;studying7、We______Xiao

Li

since

she

was

a

little

girl.A.know

B.

had

known

C.have

known

D.

knew8、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.A.

will

see

B.

have

seen

C.

saw

D.see9、—These

farmers

have

been

to

the

United

States.

—Really?When_____

there?A.will

they

go

B.

did

they

goC.

do

they

go

D.

have

they

gone10、—______you___your

homework

yet?

—Yes.I_____

it

a

moment

ago.A.

Did;do;finished

B.

Have;done;finishedC.

Have;done;have

finished

D.

will;do;finish11、

His

father

______the

Party

since

1978.A.

joined

B.

hasjoined

C.

wasin

D.

has

been

in12、—Doyouknowhimwell?—

Sure.We_________friendssincetenyearsago.A.

were

B.havebeen

C.havebecome

D.havemade13、—Howlonghaveyou

____here?—Abouttwomonths.A.

been

B.

gone

C.

come

D.

arrived14、Hurry

up!The

play__________for

ten

minutes.A.

has

begun

B.

had

begunC.

has

been

on

D.

began15、

It

_____ten

years

since

he

left

the

army.A.

is

B.

has

C.

will

D.

was16、

Miss

Green

isn't

in

the

office.she_______

to

the

library.A.has

gone

B.went

C.will

go

D.

has

been17、My

parents______

Shandong

for

ten

years.A.

have

been

in

B.have

been

toC.

have

gone

to

D.have

been18、Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,

?

A.sothey

B.don’tthey

C.havethey

D.haven