新概念英語第三冊Lesson60+Too+early+and+too+late筆記

新概念英語第三冊Lesson60Tooearlyandtoolate筆記（一）書本Punctualityisanecessaryhabitinallpublicaffairsincivilizedsociety.準時是文明社會中進行一切社交活動時必須養(yǎng)成的習慣。Withoutit,nothingcouldeverbebroughttoaconclusion;everythingwouldbeinstateofchaos.不準時將一事無成，事事都會陷入混亂不堪的境地。Onlyinasparsely-populatedruralcommunityisitpossibletodisregardit.只有在人口稀少的農(nóng)村，才可以忽視準時的習慣。Inordinaryliving,therecanbesometoleranceofunpunctuality.在日常生活中人們可以容忍一定程度的不準時。Theintellectual,whoisworkingonsomeabstruseproblem,haseverythingcoordinatedandorganizedforthematterinhand.一個專心鉆研某個復雜問題的知識分子，為了搞好手頭的研究，要把一切都協(xié)調(diào)一致，組織周密。Heisthereforeforgiveniflateforadinnerparty.因此，他要是赴宴遲到了會得到諒解。Butpeopleareoftenreproachedforunpunctualitywhentheironlyfaultiscuttingthingsfine.但有些人不準時常常因為掐鐘點所致，他們常常受到責備，Itishardforenergetic,quick-mindedpeopletowastetime,精力充沛、頭腦敏捷的人極不愿意浪費時間，sotheyareoftentemptedtofinishajobbeforesettingouttokeepanappointment.因此他們常想做完一件事后再去赴約。Ifnoaccidentsoccurontheway,likepuncturedtyres,diversionsoftraffic,suddendescentoffog,theywillbeontime.要是路上沒有發(fā)生如爆胎、改道、突然起霧等意外事故，他們決不會遲到。Theyareoftenmoreindustrious,usefulcitizensthanthosewhoareneverlate.他們與那些從不遲到的人相比，常常是更勤奮有用的公民。Theover-punctualcanbeasmuchatrialtoothersastheunpunctual.早到的人同遲到的人一樣令人討厭。Theguestwhoarriveshalfanhourtoosoonisthegreatestnuisance.客人提前半小時到達是令人討厭的。Somefriendsofmyfamilyhadthisirritatinghabit.我家有幾個朋友就有這有令人惱火的習慣。Theonlythingtodowasaskthemtocomehalfanhourlaterthantheotherguests.唯一的辦法就是請他們比別的客人晚來半小時。Thentheyarrivedjustwhenwewantedthem.這樣，他們可以恰好在我們要求的時間到達。Ifyouarecatchingatrain,itisalwaysbettertobecomfortablyearlythanevenafractionofaminutetoolate.如果趕火車，早到總比晚到好，哪怕早到一會兒也好。Althoughbeingearlymaymeanwastingalittletime,雖然早到可能意味著浪費一點時間，thiswillbelessthanifyoumissthetrainandhavetowaitanhourormoreforthenextone;但這比誤了火車等上一個多小時坐下班車浪費的時間要少，andyouavoidthefrustrationofarrivingattheverymomentwhenthetrainisdrawingoutofthestationandbeingunabletogetonit.而且可以避免那種正好在火車駛出站時趕到車站，因上不去車而感到的沮喪。Anevenhardersituationistobeontheplatformingoodtimeforatrainandstilltoseeitgooffwithoutyou.更難堪的情況是雖然及時趕到站臺上，卻眼睜睜地看著那趟火車啟動，把你拋下。Suchanexperiencebefellacertainyounggirlthefirsttimeshewastravellingalone.一個小姑娘第一次單獨出門就碰到了這種情況。Sheenteredthestationtwentyminutesbeforethetrainwasdue,在火車進站20分鐘前她就進了車站。sinceherparentshadimpresseduponherthatitwouldbeunforgivabletomissitandcausethefriendswithwhomshewasgoingtostaytomaketwojourneystomeether.因為她的父母再三跟她說，如果誤了這趟車，她的東道主朋友就得接她兩趟，這是不應(yīng)該的。Shegaveherluggagetoaporterandshowedhimherticket.她把行李交給搬運工并給他看了車票。Toherhorrorhesaidthatshewastwohourstoosoon.搬運工說她早到了兩個小時，她聽后大吃一驚。Shefeltinherhandbagforthepieceofpaperonwhichherfatherhadwrittendownallthedetailsofthejourneyandgaveittotheporter.她從錢包里摸出一張紙條，那上面有她父親對這次旅行詳細說明，她把這張紙條交給了搬運工。Heagreedthatatraindidcomeintothestationatthetimeonthepaperandthatitdidstop,搬運工說，正如紙條所說，確有一趟火車在那個時刻到站，butonlytotakeonmail,notpassengers.但它只停站裝郵件，不載旅客。Thegirlaskedtoseeatimetable,feelingsurethatherfathercouldnothavemadesuchamistake.姑娘要求看到時刻表，因為她相信父親不能把這么大的事弄錯。Theporterwenttofetchoneandarrivedbackwiththestationmaster,搬運工跑回去取時刻表，同時請來了站長。whoproduceditwithaflourishandpointedoutamicroscopicobesidethetimeofthearrivalofthetrainathisstation;站長拿著時刻表一揮手，指著那趟列車到站時刻旁邊一個很小的圓圈標記。thislittleoindicatedthatthetrainonlystoppedformail.這個標記表示列車是為裝郵件而停車。Justasthatmomentthetraincameintothestation.正在這時，火車進站了。Thegirl,tearsstreamingdownherface,beggedtobeallowedtoslipintotheguardsvan.女孩淚流滿面，央求讓她不聲不響地到押車員車廂里去算了。Butthestationmasterwasadamant:但站長態(tài)度堅決，rulescouldnotbebrokenandshehadtowatchthattraindisappeartowardsherdestinationwhileshewasleftbehind.規(guī)章制度不能破壞，姑娘只得眼看那趟火車消逝在她要去的方向而撇下了她。筆記Newwordsandexpression生詞和短語punctualityn.準時punctualadj.守時Whateverwedowemustbepunctual.無論我們做什么都應(yīng)該守時。bepunctualtotheminute非常守時Heisapersonwhoispunctualtotheminute.他是一個非常守時的人ruraladv.農(nóng)村的urban:城市的rurallife鄉(xiāng)村生活urbanlife城市生活disregardv.不顧，無視disregardsthdisregard=ignorepaynoattentiontotakenonoticeofindisregardoftreatsbwithdisregard:怠慢某人intellectualn.知識分子abstruseadj.深奧的abstract:抽象的Iamnotgoodatmathematicsbecausethesubjectisnotonlyabstractbutalsoabstruse.我不擅長數(shù)學因為它不僅抽象而且深奧。coordinatev.協(xié)調(diào)Oureffortsneedtobefurthercoordinatedforhigherefficiency.為了更好的提高效率我們需要更進一步的協(xié)調(diào)我們各方的努力。efficiency=beefficient效率Ifyouwanttocompleteanidealjobwithyourclassmatesasquicklyaspossible,Ithinkyoumustcoordiateeverthingasmuchasyoucan.如果你想和你的同學們更快的完成一項艱難的工作你們需要協(xié)調(diào)每一件事情。coordinatework:協(xié)調(diào)工作arrange:安排Whowillarrangetheparty?誰來安排這次聚會？HowcanIarrangetheparagraph?我該怎么安排這個自然段？organize:組織Itsyourdutytoorganizeourmeeting.組織我們的會議是你的責任。harmonizevt.&vi.協(xié)調(diào)，使調(diào)和，配和音Themusicisharmonized.這音樂已經(jīng)給配上了和音。Wehavetoharmonizeourwork.我們不得不協(xié)調(diào)我們的工作。reproachv.責備語氣強于blame/scold弱于reprehend關(guān)注“新標準英語”,免費同步輔導，免費海量資源Dontreproach/blamehimforsuchalittlething.不要因為這么一件小事而去責備他。blamesbforsthreproachn.beyondreproach:無可指責beyonddoubt：毫無疑問beyondunderstanding:無法理解beyonddescription:無法描述Theproblemisbeyond/aboveme.這個問題難倒了我。puncturev.刺破（輪胎）diversionn.改道，繞道trialn.討厭的事，人nuisance：討厭的人，事trial:審訊，審判，嘗試，實驗Afterhistrial,hesetoutwithhisnewplane.試飛之后，他開著他的新飛機出發(fā)了。fractionn.很小一點兒afractionof=abitofflourishn.揮舞（打手勢）gesticulatev.打手勢microscopicadj.微小的microphone:麥克風microfilm:微型膠片microwaveoven:微波爐adamantadj.堅定的，不動搖的steady：穩(wěn)定的Heislivingasteadylife.他生活的很穩(wěn)定。strong-minded/firm/stable貶義同義詞：obstinate/stubbornstable:(人)堅定的Ifyouareadamant,nothingisdifficultforyoutostudyEnglish.如果你很堅定，那么學好英語那是一定的。giveup=yield=surrender:放棄，投降unyielding=unsurrendering=adamantHeis(so)adamant(as)tosticktohisstupididea.他是如此地堅定以至于堅持自己這個愚蠢的想法。AllthestudentshereareadamantenoughtostudyEnglishhard.Text課文Punctualityisanecessaryhabitinallpublicaffairsofacivilizedsociety.準時是文明社會各項公共事務(wù)中一個必不可少的習慣。incivilizedsociety=inmodernsocietynecessary=essentialManiaisahabitwedevelopforalongtime.癖好是長時間形成的一種習慣。Withoutit,nothingcouldeverbebroughttoaconclusion.沒有它，則一事無成。bringsthtoconclusion:作出結(jié)論everythingwouldbeinastateofchaos.事事都會處于混亂狀態(tài)。nothing和everything平行句式，平行結(jié)構(gòu)，同義詞的重復，關(guān)鍵詞的使用everythingwouldbeinconfusion/astateofchaos/disorderHardworkisournecessitytostudyEnglish.用以下的句式體現(xiàn)hardwork的重要性Withoutit,wecouldnotgetanysuccess./nothingcouldbecompleted.Onlyinasparsely-populatedruralcommunityisitpossibletodisregardit.只有在人口稀少的農(nóng)村里，才可能不顧及準時。倒裝：only引導介詞短語，時間/條件狀語放在句首，句子要部分倒裝。第一個it是一個形式主語，第二個是代詞代punctualityInordinarylivingtherecanbesometoleranceofunpunctuality.在平時的生活中，對不準時的行為可以給予一些寬容。inordinaryliving=inourdailylifetolerance=thestatetotoleratesomethingterrible不是某人所特有的而是一種普遍現(xiàn)象用therebe句式haseverythingcoordinatedandorganizedforthematterinhand使一切都協(xié)調(diào)一致而且組織周密。背誦這個表達方式。Keepsboccupied忙碌Butpeopleareoftenreproachedforunpunctualitywhentheironlyfaultiscuttingthingsfine.但是有些人的過錯僅僅是由于時間摳的太緊而遲到，常會受到指責。Cutthingsfine壓鐘點Mostpeoplehavebeentuckedawayathome.很多人都呆在家里。Itishardforenergetic,quick-mindedpeopletowastetime,sotheyareoftentemptedtofinishajobbeforesettingouttokeepanappointment.精力充沛、頭腦靈敏的人是很少浪費時間的，因此他們在出發(fā)前常常會設(shè)法完成某項工作。Dosthbeforedoing在什么之前把什么結(jié)束掉Betemptedtodo:特別想要做某事Beeager/anxious/desperatetodoPrefertodoWouldliketodoWouldrather/soonerdoWouldprefertodoIcan’tresistthetemptationtobuythebeautifuldress.我特別渴望買下這條漂亮的裙子。(書面語)I’mquite/particularlytemptedtobuythebeautifuldress.Ifnoaccidentsoccurontheway,likepuncturedtyres,diversionsoftraffic,suddendescentoffog,theywillbeontime.如果途中沒有發(fā)生像暴胎、改道或是突然降下大霧一類的意外的話，他們會準時到達的。Descent:降臨Darknessdescentverysoon.夜幕降臨Ontime=keeppunctualitySomepeoplecanbeforgivenbecauseofwhattheydoeventhoughtheyareunpunctual.一些人因為他們的工作可以被原諒，即便他們遲到。Theover-punctualcanbeasmuchatrialtoothersastheunpunctual.過于早到和遲到一樣讓人受不了重點句型，背熟the+adj.=n.形容詞名詞化Theguestwhoarriveshalfanhourtoosoonisthegreatestnuisance.Somefriendsofmyfamilyhadthisirritatinghabit.Nuisance=trialTheonlythingtodowasaskthemtocomehalfanhourlaterthantheotherguests.Thentheyarrivedjustwhenwewantedthem.唯一的措施就是約請他們比別的客人晚半個小時，這樣他們正好在我們要求的時間到達。Theonlythingtodoishelpyouinthisway.我只能這樣幫你了。WhatIwantyoutodoishelpme.如果當不定式做表語，主句結(jié)構(gòu)當中也出現(xiàn)了不定式，坐表語的不定式to符號應(yīng)該被略掉，以避免重復。Althoughbeingearlymaymeanwastingalittletime,thiswillbelessthanifyoumissthetrainandhavetowaitanhourormoreforthenextone.盡管早到可能意味著浪費一點時間，但是比起你搭上車而不得不等一小時或更長一些時間來乘下一趟車所浪費的時間要少些。Meandoingsth意味注意less的翻譯Andyouavoidthefrustrationofarrivingattheverymomentwhenthetrainisdrawingoutofthestationandbeingunabletogetonit.而且你避免了正好在火車離站時到達而不能上車的挫折。Drawup:停車Draw(pull)outofstation:離戰(zhàn)Whenwegetfailuresoverandoveragain,wealwaysgetthefrustrationinsideourheart.Thefrustrationinsideyoucanpreventyoufromdoingwhatyouaredoing.如果我們總是失敗,我們的內(nèi)心就會有一種挫敗感.挫敗感會妨礙你做任何一件事情.Anevenhardersituationistobeontheplatformingoodtimeforatrainandstilltoseeitgooffwithoutyou.Suchanexperiencebefellacertainyounggirlthefirsttimeshewastravelingalone.一個更難以忍受的情景是剛好及時來到站臺，仍然眼巴巴看著火車開走而上不了車。某個年輕姑娘初次單獨旅行時曾有過這樣的經(jīng)歷。Ingoodtime=ontimeBefall=sthbadhappentoSheenteredthestationtwentyminutesbeforethetrainwasdue,sinceherparentshadimpresseduponherthatitwouldbeunforgivabletomissitandcausethefriendswithwhomshewasgoingtostaytomaketwojourneystomeether.這個姑娘在列車進站前20分鐘就進了站。因為她的父母叮囑她說誤了火車并迫使她去聚會的朋友跑兩次去接她，這是不可原諒的。Due:按計劃而正常進行Themeetingisduetobeginat9o’clocktomorrowmorning.會議明天早上九點如期舉行。Thetrainisduetosetoffat3pm.Impressuponsbthat:再三的叮囑某人，repeatsthoverandoveragainMaketwojourneystomeether接她兩次Heagreedthatatraindidcomeintothestationatthetimeonthepaperandthatitdidstop,butonlytotakeonmail,notpassengers.這個搬運工承認按紙上所寫的時間是有一列火車進站，而且也會停，但是只是裝郵件，不運載旅客。Did在句中表示強調(diào)On