上海中考英語真題答案及解析

2014年上海市中考英語真題解析綜述：改革后的第一次中考在雨中結(jié)束了，總體而言大家還是感覺試卷是平穩(wěn)過渡的，而且經(jīng)歷了一模二模甚至三模的鍛煉，同學(xué)們也基本沒有表現(xiàn)出對題目變化的不適應(yīng)。應(yīng)該講，今年的試卷還是嚴(yán)格依照了市教委教育考試院的考試要求和改革方向，難度是有升有降，總體平穩(wěn)。至于同學(xué)們會(huì)有什么樣的分?jǐn)?shù)還要到成績公布之后才可見分曉。以下我們分大題來進(jìn)行探討，并試探性提出以后的備考建議。PartIListening(第一部分聽力)真題回放：IListeningComprehension(聽力理解)（共30分）A.Listenandchoosetherightpicture.(根據(jù)你所聽到的內(nèi)容選擇相應(yīng)的圖片)（6分）1.______2._______3._________4._______5.________6._________B.Listentothedialogueandchoosethebestanswertothequestionyouhear.(根據(jù)你聽到的對話和問題，選出最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?（8分）7. A)Chemistry B)History C)English D)Maths8. A)Ahamburger B)Afruitsalad C)Ahot-dog D)Asandwich9. A)Tired B)Surprised C)Excited D)Frightened10. A)WatchTV B)Playfootball C)Gotothecinema D)Readabook11. A)Fifteenminutes’walk B)Fifteenminutes’busride C)Fiftyminutes’walk D)Fiftyminutes’busride12. A)Thursday B)Friday C)Saturday D)Sunday13. A)Trips B)Computers C)Parents D)Jobs14. A)Atthebeach B)Attheairport C)Inthetheatre D)InthehotelC.ListentothepassageanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTrue(T)orFalse(F)(判斷句子是否符合你聽到短文內(nèi)容，符合的用T表示，不符合的用F表示)(6分)15. Myauntandunclesentmeabottleofhoneyasabirthdaypresentlastyear.16. ThesmellofmyhairattractedlotsofbeeswhenIwereoutside.17. Ijumpedintomyneighbour’sswimmingpooltostayawayfromthebees.18. WhenIclimbedoutofthepool,thebeeswerestillflyingaround.19. Myauntandunclewrotemealettertoapologizetome.20. Thisisastoryaboutmyunforgettablebirthdaypresent.D.Listentothepassageandcompletethefollowingsentences.(聽短文，完成下列內(nèi)容，每空限填一詞)（10分）21. DanCarterlivesinLondonandworksas__________________there.22. DanandIstayintouch_______________andsometimeswecalleachother.23. WhenI_____________________whenIneedtotalktosomebody,IcanalwayscallDan.24. Danisalways_____________________everythingandheneversayssorry.25. Oneday,wearrangedtomeet___________________toplayfootball,butDandidn’tcomeontime.評析：本次聽力考試的題型變化比較明顯，尤其是最后一大題變?yōu)榱?句話聽出10個(gè)單詞，對學(xué)生的記憶和應(yīng)變能力提出了更高的要求。但從材料的選材和內(nèi)容、語速等難易度來看，本次聽力難度適中。PartIIPhonetics,GrammarandVocabulary（語音，語法和詞匯）真題回放：II.Choosethebestanswer.（選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?。）?0分）26.GardenSchoolisveryfamousandit’sMary’sfirstchoice.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectfortheunderlinedword? A./f?:st/ B./fi:st/C./fri:st/D./frist/解析：本題主要考查元音字母i在first中的發(fā)音。音標(biāo)的考查還是頭一次，不過對于first這樣一個(gè)出鏡率頗高的詞匯，相信大家不太會(huì)搞錯(cuò)，因?yàn)榇蠹一径紩?huì)“拼讀”或聯(lián)想記憶發(fā)聲，不至于會(huì)把發(fā)音字母”ir”等同于音標(biāo)”ri?！?7. Doyouseethatgood-lookingyoungman?____isafamousKoreanfilmstar. A.He B.His C.Him D.Himself解析：考查主格的人稱代詞，大家不會(huì)搞錯(cuò)的。當(dāng)然本題還想和大家拉近距離，提到了韓星。呵呵，是哪位啊。28. MoreandmorepeopleinShanghaichoosetogotowork____underground. A.in B.with C.by D.for解析：考查固定搭配或介詞的用法，by+交通工具指“乘什么”。29.Studentsareencouragedtosharetheirlearningexperience___theirclassmates. ______my________,Isawmysister’sphotographonamagazinecover.65. Thegirlwonderedwhereshewouldmeetherfriendsthenextmorning.(改為簡單句) Thegirlwondered__________________meetherfriendsthenextmorning.66. Johnasked,“CanyoulookaftermypetdogwhileI’maway?”(合成賓語從句) Johnasked________I________lookafterhispetdogwhilehe’saway.67. Sometimesweusesmartphonestotakepicturesinsteadofcameras.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))Sometimessmartphones____________________totakepicturesinsteadofcameras.68.doing,thestudents,inthelab,theexperiment,are(合為一句) __________________________________________________________________________解析：本大題難度也很一般，雖有新題型出現(xiàn)，但考查的語法點(diǎn)非?；A(chǔ)。62.此處否定詞加在助動(dòng)詞has之后，所以答案為“hasn’tfinished”;63.對一個(gè)持續(xù)的時(shí)間段提問，用“Howlong”;64.考查特殊結(jié)構(gòu)或不定式的用法，答案為“To…surprise”;65.考查賓語從句的縮略形式，答案為“whereto”66.注意直接引語變間接引語時(shí)人稱，時(shí)態(tài)和連接詞的選用。原句主句為過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句表達(dá)的意思為是否，故答案為“if/whether,could”;67.主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)，找到動(dòng)作的承受者，注意時(shí)態(tài)即可，答案為“areused”;68.合并句子題思路比較簡單，因?yàn)闀r(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)都已體現(xiàn)在單詞或表達(dá)中，所以判斷好主語，動(dòng)詞，狀語，賓語，表語等結(jié)構(gòu)就差不多了，做出之后讀一讀符不符合語義。此題相信大部分同學(xué)閉著眼睛也做得出來，答案“Thestudentsaredoingtheexperimentinthelab.”PartIIIReadingandWriting（第三部分讀寫）真題回放：VI.Readingcomprehension（閱讀理解共50分）AChoosethebestanswer（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢福?2分）Sally:AnanimaldoctorWhat’stheworstthingthathaseverhappenedinyourjob?Probablythedogthatbitme.Itwasn’tabigone---Idon’tmindthebigones.Thesmallonesweretheworst.Itgavemeaverynastybite.Haveyoueverdoneanyotherjobs?Yes,IdiddifferentkindsofjobswhenIwasastudent.OnesummerIdidfruit-pickinginSpain.What’stheworstjobyou’veeverdone?InordertoimprovemyEnglish,IworkedforarichfamilyinNewYork.IneverhadadayoffandIhadtodoeverything---cooking,cleaning,shopping---andlookaftertheirhorriblechildren.IleftaftertwoweeksandmanagedtogetajobasawaitressatanItalianrestaurant.Leo:AnactorWhat’stheworstthingthathaseverhappenedonyourjob?Somanybadthingshavehappened---butIthinkmyworstmomentwaswhenIreadmyfirstbadreviewinthenewspaper.Theywroteterriblethingsaboutme.AndIwasupset.AfterthatIdidn’treadanyreviewsanymore.Haveyoueverdoneanyotherjobs?Ohyes,it’shardtomakealivingasanactorsoI’vedonealotofpart-timejobsovertheyears.Forexample,I’veworkedinashop,soldice-creamatthebeachandhandedoutpublicityflyersonthestreet.What’stheworstjobyou’veeverdone?TheworstjobI’veeverdoneisatanegg-packingfactory.Workingconditionsareterrible---youstandforhoursattheendofabelt.Youcan’thaveabreakandIfyouwanttogotothetoilet,youhavetoaskforpermission.And,mostofall,thesmellwasterrible---I’venevereatenaneggsincethen.69. Theunderlinedword“one”refersto_____. A.dog B.bite C.event D.job70.SallyhasdoneallthejobsEXCEPT_______. A.pickingfruitinSpain B.workingforarichfamily C.lookingaftersickanimals D.cookinginanItalianrestaurant71.Afterreadinghisfirstbadreviewinthenewspaper,Leo_______. A.wrotemorereviews B.repliedtoeveryreview C.gaveuphisjobasanactor D.stoppedreadingeveryofhisreviews72. WhatdoesLeothinkofbeinganactor? A.It’shardtomakealiving B.It’shelpfultoreadhisreviews C.It’seasytomakelotsofmoney D.It’sfuntohavedifferentexperiences73.WhatdidLewhatemostwhenworkingatanegg-packingfactory? A.Nobreaks B.Standingfortoolong C.Thebadsmell D.Puttingeggsintoboxes74.Thebesttitleofthismessagemightbe_____. A.AnAnimalDoctor B.TerribleJobExperiences C.HowtoFindaPart-timeJob D.ReviewsofSallyandLeo解析：第一題是常考的“指代題”，不難看出此處one指代的是dog。后4道題均為細(xì)節(jié)題，只要順藤摸瓜，答案不難找出，提醒大家不要望文生義，要嚴(yán)格比對原文去尋找答案。最后一題是主旨題，難度不大，注意不可以偏概全，無中生有。B.Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage（選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞語完成短文):BeyourselfWewishthatwecouldbebetteratsportsormoreattractive.Wewishwehadnicerclothesormoremoney.Everyonelikestofeelthatheorsheisspecial.__75___manyofusgrowupbelievingthatwe’renotspecialatall.Webelievewearenotgoodenoughjustasweare.Mostparentswantustobethebestwecanbe.Veryoften,they___76____ustoothers.Bydoingthis,theytrytoencourageustodobetter.Theymeanwell,butthemessageweoftengetisthatwe’renotgoodenough.Webegintobelievethattheonlywaywecanbespecialisbybeingbetterthansomeoneelse,butweareoften__77____.Therewillalwaysbesomeoneouttherewhoisbetterthanweareatsomething.Plentyofpeoplearoundmaynotbeassmartasweare,buttheyarebetteratsports.Ortheymaybenotasgood-looking,butheyhavemoremoney.Itis__78____forustobebetterthaneveryoneelseallthetime.Weallwantthethingsthatwebelievewillmakeusbetterpeople.Butveryoftenwedon’trealizethatwealreadyhave___79____ustheverythingsthatwewant.Thesethingsmakeusdifferentfromothers.Whenwearegrowingup,____80_____someforgettotellusthatwearespecial,thatwearegoodenough.Maybenoonehadthesewhentheyweregrowingup.Anyway,it’suptoustoremindthemfromtimetotimethateachofus,inourownway,isspecial.Whatweareisenough.75. A.Again B.Next C.Besides D.However76. A.describe B.compare C.introduce D.prefer77. A.lonely B.forgetful C.disappointed D.nervous78. A.helpful B.impossible C.necessary D.unfair79. A.inside B.among C.around D.for80. A.friends B.scientists C.parents D.doctors解析：本篇文章實(shí)際上非常貼地氣，思考了現(xiàn)今年輕人的生活和思維狀況，提出了自己的見解。語言方面來看考查的詞匯難度不大，均為常見詞匯對比。全文只有79題考察了一個(gè)抽象含義，較難選擇。鑒于完形填空題基本都是在詞性相同的詞匯之間選擇，所以聯(lián)系上下文語境選擇最符合語義的單詞主要是對語言能力的考查，同學(xué)們在做此類題時(shí)要注意前后銜接，行文流暢通順。此外，大家也要再平時(shí)注重詞匯量的積累，做到認(rèn)識，會(huì)用，知道彼此的差異。C.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.（在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給):（14分）AschoolnewspaperTheTeensaskedoveronethousandteenagershowtheyspendtheirsparetime.Heretheyreportther__81____ofthesurvey.It’snotatallsurprisingtolearnthatmostteenssaidtheywantedmorefreetime.Mosthavelessthananhouradayforafter-schoolactivities.P__82_____activitieswaspopularamongbothgirlsandboys,averagingbetweenthreetosixhoursaweek.Favoritesportsamonggirlsistennis,basketballandswimming.Boyssaidtheylikedfootball,basketballandskating.Speakingofentertainment,musicandTVwerepopular.Abouthalfofthesesurveyedsaidthatmusicwastheirfavoriteactivity.Thisi____83___bothlisteningtoandplayingmusic.TVwasalsoverypopular.ThreequarterssaidtheypreferredwatchingTVtoreadabookormagazine.Unsurprisingly,asmanyasthreeoftenteenagersmentionedthatcollectingthingswassomethingtheylikedtodointheirsparetime.Theyhadv___84______collectionsfromcartoonbooksandbasketballcardstostickers,toysandcoins.V____85_____friendswasalsopopular.Eightoutoftenteenagerssaidtheymettheirfriendsonceaweek.NineoutoftensaidtheycontactedfriendsthroughtheInternet.A___86_____popularwayofcontactingfriendswasthetelephone.Everyonewesurveyedsaidtheyspoketofriendseveryday.Mostsaidtheyspokeabouttwentyminutesaday.Surprisingly,teenagerss____87_____wentdancing,especiallygirls.Onlyoneoutoftenwenttothedanceregularly.81._________82._________83._________84._________85._________86._________87._________解析：首字母是所有初中同學(xué)都感覺較難的題目，不過今年的題目難度應(yīng)該講屬于中等水平。此篇文章講述了一個(gè)調(diào)查報(bào)告，而且和中學(xué)生的日程生活密切相關(guān)，內(nèi)容涵蓋鍛煉，娛樂，收藏和與朋友聯(lián)系等話題，所以大家在做的時(shí)候會(huì)倍感親切，不會(huì)怯題。在語言上，大家還是要從詞性和語義兩大方面去綜合考慮，不可忽視任意方面。難度稍大的屬82和85題，同學(xué)們不易想到。如何應(yīng)對大綱詞匯深諳于心（背的不僅是一個(gè)詞，是一組詞（同義，反義，形近）），此外還要通過各種途徑擴(kuò)大課外詞匯時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)清晰，會(huì)分析簡單的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，掌握基本的句子成分搭配規(guī)則回歸課本文章，擴(kuò)大課外閱讀量和練習(xí)量，積累常識性內(nèi)容和知識儲備做題時(shí)的Tips判斷文章主題，確定主題基調(diào)，預(yù)判可能詞匯時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)時(shí)刻小心，句子成分關(guān)系判斷正確時(shí)刻注意上下文語義銜接，尤其是段內(nèi)在常識范圍內(nèi)解題；不要粗心；通讀全文，連貫流暢附上答案：81result(s),82Physical83included84various85Visiting86Another87SeldomD.Answerthequestions（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答下列問題）（12分）Chrisisnotatraditionalexplorer(探險(xiǎn)者)---heusuallyworksinanofficeforalargeorganization.Yethisjobcansometimesbejustasexcitinganddangerousasbeinganexplorer.ChrisworksforMSF,anorganizationalsoknownasDoctorsWithoutBorders(無國界醫(yī)生).MSFsendstraineddoctorsallovertheworldtohelppeopleafterawaroradisaster.ChrisisadoctorfromFrancewhohastravelledtomanyplacestoorganizeprogramsthathelppeople.Atthemoment,thereAre27,000trainedmedicalstafftakingpartsinMSFprojectstasks.TheorganizationreceivedtheNobelPeacePrize.AllkindsofdoctorscanvolunteerforMSF.Theyneedtobepreparedtogoalmostanywhereintheworldandofcourse,theyshouldexpectdifficultconditions.Doctorswithexperienceintropical(熱帶)diseasesareespeciallyusefulbecausemostofMSF’sworkisinAfrica.WhenMSFacceptsadoctorforatask,hehastogoforatleastsixmonths.Whendoctorscompletedafewtasks,theymightbesentonanemergencytaskfollowingadisastersuchasanearthquake.ButwhywouldadoctorleaveacomfortablelifeandagoodsalarytojoinMSF?AccordingtoChris,theexperienceyougainisagreathelpinyourcareer.Besides,justliketheexplorersofthepast,youneedtokeepanopenmindandlearntomixwellwiththepeopleyoumeet.Mostimportantly,attheendofeachtask,youhavemadearealdifferencetopeople’slives.88.DoesChrisworkforalargeorganization?________________________________________________89.WhendoesMSFsendtraineddoctorsallovertheworldtohelppeople?_____________________________________________________________90.HowmanymedicalstaffaretakingpartinMSFprojectsandtasks?________________________________________________91.WhatkindsofdoctorsaregreatlyneededinAfrica?________________________________________________92.AccordingtoChris,whyishisworkimportanttootherpeople?______________________________________________________________93.WhyanMSFdoctor’sjobisexcitinganddangerous?_______________________________________________________________解析：本篇文章講述了一個(gè)人Chris為一個(gè)國際組織MSF工作的事跡，分為四段，主要提到了組織性質(zhì)，人員要求和工作條件以及這份工作的意義。做此類題目，只要大家認(rèn)真讀題，抓住細(xì)節(jié)，怎么提問就則么回答，不要犯一些拼寫和時(shí)態(tài)上的低級錯(cuò)誤，拿一個(gè)高分不是大問題。附答案：88.Yes(,hedoes.)89.AfterAwarorAdisaster.90.Over27,000.91.Doctorswithexperienceintropicaldiseases.92.BecauseAttheendofeachtaskhehasmadearealdifferencetopeople’slives. Becausehisjobmakesadifferencetopeople’slives.93.(itisexciting)becauseyoumaytraveltomanyplacesAnhelppeopleinneed.(itisdangerous)becauseyouhavetoworkindifficultconditions.(AnyreasonableAnswerisAcceptable.)VII:Writing.（作文，共20分）94.Writeatleast60wordsaboutthetopic“Thistimenextyear”(以“明年此時(shí)”為題，寫一篇不少于60詞的短文，標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號不占格。)你是否想象過，明年此時(shí)，你的生活會(huì)發(fā)生怎樣的變化？你對自己或他人又怎樣的期待？你能為此做些什么？（注意：短文中部的出現(xiàn)任何人名、校名及其他相關(guān)信息，否則不予評分。）Thefollowingsentencepatternsareforreferencesonly.(以下句型僅供參考)Ihopeto/Ihopethat…PerhapsIwill…Itwillbeexciting/necessary/terribleto…解析：今年的英語作文肯定會(huì)給大家一個(gè)眼前一亮的感覺。初看到這樣一個(gè)題目，大家可能會(huì)聯(lián)想到第一門語文的作文題“這里也有樂趣”，怎么今年的作文都是這么文藝呢，還是出題老師很文藝呢？呵呵。可能喜歡流行音樂的人還會(huì)想到張學(xué)友的同名歌曲或是陳奕迅的“明年今日”吧。不管如何，今年的題目一改往年的辨析或描述的套路，讓同學(xué)們?nèi)诚胍荒旰蟮奈磥?，談一談明年的變化與不同，表達(dá)自己的期待和決心，無論內(nèi)容還是體裁不可謂不別出心裁。大家在寫的時(shí)候可要緊貼出題人的意圖，不可跑題偏題，還要注意體裁。在此具體來看兩個(gè)方面：1.語言方面：主體的時(shí)態(tài)肯定是以一般將來式為主，如果對將來進(jìn)行式有掌握也可適當(dāng)應(yīng)用(此時(shí)態(tài)不是初中必