語法專題十定語從句Abby

中考英語語法復(fù)習(xí)專題十定語從句學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1掌握定語從句的構(gòu)成與用法。2準(zhǔn)確判斷關(guān)系詞的運(yùn)用。學(xué)會(huì)分析句子成分學(xué)會(huì)定語從句的關(guān)鍵主語賓語定語狀語主語一句話中，行為的主導(dǎo)著，即該句話中，動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。常放于句首。賓語定語狀語主語行為的對(duì)象，即動(dòng)作的承受者，常由名詞或者代詞擔(dān)任。放在及物動(dòng)詞或者介詞之后。用來說明或者限制名詞的成分，常用形容詞或者相當(dāng)于形容詞的短語或從句擔(dān)任。這里指該句話中，動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)，即時(shí)間狀語或地點(diǎn)狀語TheteacherwithglassestaughtEnglishinthatschoollastterm主語定語賓語地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)間狀語在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。定語從句分

為__________和__________兩個(gè)部分。先行詞關(guān)系詞先行詞：被定語從句所修飾的詞（通常是名詞或代詞）。關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞。Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair句子作定語,修飾girl,叫做定語從句Maryisabeautifulgirl形容詞作定語定語從句：先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞that,who,whom,whose,whichwhere,when,why定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系詞的作用：指代先行詞，又在從句中充當(dāng)相應(yīng)的句子成分?？键c(diǎn)一關(guān)系代詞的用法:1當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí),用that或which引導(dǎo)Thesearethetreesthat/whichwereplantedlastyear2當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí),用who/that/whom引導(dǎo)Themanwho/that/whomIvisitedyesterdayismyuncle關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以充當(dāng)主語，賓語或定語。3當(dāng)先行詞與定語從句關(guān)系詞后的名詞存在從屬關(guān)系時(shí)，關(guān)系詞選用whoseIliethebagwhosecolorisblue先行詞主語賓語所有格（定語）指人指物考點(diǎn)一：關(guān)系代詞的選擇請(qǐng)歸納總結(jié)定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞，并填寫下列表格：who，thatwhom,thatwhosewhich,thatwhich,thatwhosewho,whom,whose,that用法區(qū)別1who作定語從句的主語或賓語ThemanwhoisseetingisaworerThemanisaworerThemanisseeting分解作主語2Whom作定語從句的賓語ThewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacherThewomanisateacherTheywantedtovisitthewoman分解作賓語常可以省略

3who與whom先行詞指人的辨析在定語從句中作賓語，兩者可互換，且可省略。Theteacherwho/whomLiMingistalingtoisTom'sfather在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，只用who在定語從句中作賓語，但是介詞提在從句前時(shí)，只用whomYesterdayIhelanwholosthiswayefromwhomyouborrowedtheboo4whose作定語從句主語的定語,即先行詞與定語從句的主語存在從屬關(guān)系Inowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher分解InowthegirlThegirl’smotherisateacher作定語5that可以作定語從句的主語或賓語注意:關(guān)系代詞作動(dòng)詞賓語時(shí)可省略Thewomanthat/who/whomtheywantedtovisitisateacher分解ThewomanisateacherTheywantedtovisitthewoman◆考點(diǎn)一：關(guān)系代詞的選擇1Theman____________ItaledtoisourteacherAwhich Bwho Cwhose2oeinaayhavetoentAwho Bwhat Cwhom3Thefood____________youcooedisdeliciousAwhich Bwhat Cwho4Teenagersliereadingtheboos__________arewrittenbyGuoJingmingAwhose Bthat Cwho5Theboy________bagisblueismybrotherAwho Bwhose Cthat6Iwanttochangethedes_________legisbroenAwhose Bthat CwhichBAABBAthat既可指人又可指物；who只能指人；which只能指物考點(diǎn)二：關(guān)系代詞只用that的情況1）當(dāng)先行詞是指物的不定代詞，如：all,any,every,some（anything,something,everythingnothing）,none…例：Doyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttosayforyourself2）當(dāng)先行詞前面有下列詞修飾時(shí)：theonly,thevery,just,little,few等例：ThisistheverybusthatI’mwaitingfor3）當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞的最高級(jí)或先行詞的前面有形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)例子：Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstpollution4）當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或前面有序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)例：ThetrainisthelastthatwillgotoSuhou5）當(dāng)先行詞既有人,又有物例：Doyounowthethingsandedal7）主句是therebe句型且關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語時(shí)例：Thereisaseatinthecornerthatisstillavailable考點(diǎn)三：只能用which不用that的情況1介詞前置時(shí)，不用that。即介詞提在定語從句前。2非限制性定語從句不用thatistheroominwhichhelivesegThe

neclace,

which

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gave

me

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present,

was

lost

yesterday時(shí),避免重復(fù)，用whichegWhat’s

that

which

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under

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des考點(diǎn)三：用合適的關(guān)系代詞填空。isthefirstthing_____________Iamsuosttouchingmusic__________Ihaveeverheard3Canyoutellmeanything__________Idon'tnow4Thehousein________heoncelivedisameetingroom5Thisistheonlystory__________I’minterestedin6Thenovel,_________Ihavereadthreetimes,isverymoving7Tomandhiscat___________arerunningtowardsusarebothcute8Isthatthefilm________youtaledaboutlastweethatthatthatwhichthatwhichthatwhich考點(diǎn)四：關(guān)系副詞的選擇1當(dāng)先行詞是地點(diǎn)且定語從句完整時(shí),用where引導(dǎo)2當(dāng)先行詞是時(shí)間且定語從句完整時(shí),用when引導(dǎo)ThisistheschoolwhereIusedtostudyWinteristhetimeofyearwhenthedaysareshortandnightsarelong3當(dāng)先行詞是原因且定語從句完整時(shí),用why引導(dǎo)Idon’tnowthereasonwhyyouarelateagain關(guān)系副詞在從句中起到副詞（作狀語）和介詞短語的作用◆考點(diǎn)四：關(guān)系副詞的選擇1Ilietheethereason________youarelateagainAwhy Bthat Cwhich3Istillremembertheday__________IfirstcametoAmericaAthat Bwhich Cwhen先行詞雖然是地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間，但是定語從句不完整，當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)或時(shí)間的先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語，賓語或定語時(shí)，仍然用that/whichcAC到底用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句？要先弄清楚關(guān)系詞在定語從句中是做主語、賓語、定語還是狀語。如果做主語、賓語，就用whowhichthat;作賓語還可以省略不用。如果做定語，就用whose;如果做狀語，就用關(guān)系副詞when,why,whereIlietoliveinthehousewhich/thatisquietandbeautifulIlietoliveinthehousewheretherearetreesIlietoliveinthehousewhosewindowsarebigThisistheroomthat/whichIlivedinIlivedintheroom賓語Seber18thisthedaythat/whichalltheChineseneverforgetalltheChineseneverforgettheday賓語◆考點(diǎn)五：關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中的區(qū)別1Thisisthehouse_______Iwored2yearsagoAwhichBwhere Cthat2Thisisthehouse_________IvisitedlastyearAwhereBthat Cwhen3I’llneverforgettheday_______wesyAwhenBthat CwhyBBCAIworedinthehouseIvisitedthehousewespentthedayIjoinedthearmyonthedayThanyou中考英語語法復(fù)習(xí)專題十定語從句長(zhǎng)沙湘一立信實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校金小年學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1掌握定語從句的構(gòu)成與用法2習(xí)題鞏固練習(xí)，學(xué)會(huì)靈活運(yùn)用定語從句。定語從句基本知識(shí)簡(jiǎn)要回顧：定語從句是什么？在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。2定語從句的基本形式：先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞從句不完整充當(dāng)主語，賓語或定語關(guān)系副詞從句完整充當(dāng)狀語1Ihaveafriend________lieslisteningtoclassicalmusicwho/thatwhich/thatwhose3Theman______legbroeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer2YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress_________Igaveher4Myorethan100yearsoldwhich/that5Theboywith_______Johntaledismybrother6evinisreadingaboo_________istoodifficultforhim7Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown______wecandoistostudyhard9Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboywhomwhich/thatthatthatthat定語從句關(guān)系代詞練習(xí)：經(jīng)典真題直擊中考1IusicAthatusic____youecitedAthatmaesBthatmaeCwhomaes定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞的形式要和先行詞保持一致1Thefactory_____MrLiusedtoworwasclosedlastweeAwhen Bwhere Cthat Dwhich2Doyoustillremembertheday_____wefirstmetAthat Bwhen Cwhat Donthat3October1,1949istheday_____we’llneverforgetAwhen Bthat Cwhere DinwhichBB定語從句關(guān)系詞練習(xí)：BMrLiusedtowor（inthefactory）Wefirstmet（ontheday）We’llneverforgettheday4October1,1949wastheday_____theemberthesittingroom_____mymotherandIusedtositintheeveningAwhat Bwhich Cthat DwhereBAD定語從句關(guān)系副詞練習(xí)：區(qū)分關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，賓語還是狀語，依據(jù)關(guān)系詞在從句中所做成分（從句是否完整）判斷用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞。thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded（ontheday）theshopsellschildren’sclothingmymotherandIusedtosit（inthesittingroom）關(guān)系副詞的其他用法：關(guān)系副詞可以轉(zhuǎn)換為介詞which的形式：where=in/at/onwhichWuhanisthefirstcitywherethenovelvirushasbeenidentifiedWuhanisthefirstcityinwhichthenovelvirushasbeenidentified2when=in/at/on/duringwhichThestartoftheyear2020isaterribletimewhenmanythenovelvirusThestartoftheyear2020isaterribletimeduringwhichmanythenovelvirus3why=forwhichNowthereasonwhypeoplegetinfectedbythenovelvirusisclearNowthereasonforwhichpeoplegetinfectedbythenovelvirusisclear

關(guān)系副詞在從句中起到介詞短語的作用考點(diǎn)六：非限定性定語從句IlieallcityinChina,whichisnowntofewpeople限定性定語從句：是句中不可缺少的部分，否則句子意思不完整，從句主句不用逗號(hào)隔開。翻譯時(shí)常譯作：“的”，放在先行詞前非限定性定語從句：是主句先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明，如缺少不影響句子意思，從句主句用逗號(hào)隔開。翻譯時(shí)常譯作另外一個(gè)句子。Itwasraininghard,_____eptusindoorsAwhich Bthat Cas DwhatA◆考點(diǎn)六：非限定性定語從句請(qǐng)翻譯下列句子：HelivesinHanghou,whichisabeautifulcity_____________________________________MrSmith,whoisintheoffice,wantstoseeyou______________________________________Theearthgoesaroundthesun,whichisnowntoeveryone______________________________________他住在杭州，那是個(gè)美麗的城市。Smith先生在辦公室，他想見你。地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)，這是大家都知道的。1ThemunistPartywasfoundedwhich Bthat Cwhen 5Thatistheday______I'llneverforgetAwhich Bonwhich Cwhen隨堂演練：ACAcAtheChineseCommunistPartywasfounded（intheyear）I'llneverforgettheday6Thefactory______we'llvisitnetweeisnotfarfromhereAwhere Btowhich Cwhich 7Greatchangeshavetaens_______havebeenshownthisyearAthat Bwhich Cwho9Helivesinahouse_________windowsarebroenAthat Bwhich Cwhose10Iliethesecondfootballmatch__________washeldlastwee

Awhich Bwho Cthat cAAccwe'llvisitthefactorynetweeweareworing（inthefactory）11Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboyAwhom Bwho Cwhich 12Isthatthereason__________youareinfavoroftheproposal

Awhich Bwhat Cwhy13Lucyissittingonthechair_______legisbroenAwhich Bwho's Cwhose14Iwanttonowthereason_________youaresoangryAthat