2022-2023學年河南省開封市通許縣通許縣重點中學高三下學期聯(lián)考英語試題（原卷版+ 解析版）

第第頁2022-2023學年河南省開封市通許縣通許縣重點中學高三下學期聯(lián)考英語試題（原卷版+解析版）2022～2023學年高三押題信息卷

英語(三)

注意事項：

1.本卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。答題前，先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。

2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應的題目的答案標號涂黑。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。

3.非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應的答題區(qū)域內。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。

4.考試結束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。

第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whenwillthecompetitionend

A.At10:00.B.At10:30.C.At11:00.

2.Whydoesthewomanlookworried

A.Hermomisinpoorhealth.

B.Herbrotherisaloneathome.

C.Hermomdidn’tanswerthephone.

3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout

A.Theirjobs.B.Theircars.C.Theirexammarks.

4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers

A.Husbandandwife.B.Interviewerandinterviewee.C.Cookandcustomer.

5.What’stheweatherlikenow

A.Foggy.B.Windy.C.Sunny.

第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whohelpedthewomantomovehouse

A.Heraunt.B.Jeff.C.Lucy.

7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofsomeoftheonlineadvertisements

A.Time-saving.B.Misleading.C.Suitable.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.HowdoesSandyfinishhertasks

A.Quickly.B.Carelessly.C.Slowly.

9.Howdidthewomanfeelatfirst

A.Bored.B.Worried.C.Grateful.

10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace

A.Athome.B.Inacompany.C.Inaschool.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題

11.Whydoesthewomanmakeaphonecall

A.Forjobapplication.B.Forinternationaltravel.C.Forfurtherstudy.

12.Wheredidthewomangotocollege

A.InGeneva.B.InAmsterdam.C.InLondon.

13.Whatisthewoman’sgoalnow

A.Toliveneartheman.B.Togointomanagement.C.Toobtainadegreeinliterature.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題

14.Whatarethepeopledoingintheman’spicture

A.Havingapicnic.B.Buyingvegetables.C.Cleaningwindows.

15.WheredidRubygoyesterday

A.Amuseum.B.Acastle.C.Asportscenter.

16.WhatdidSophiadoinBridgeStreet

A.Shedrewwater.B.Shehadadrink.C.Shetalkedwithacustomer.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題

17.Whatdoesthedevelopersuggest

A.Buildingnewhomes.B.Settingupafactory.C.Cleaninguptheriver.

18.Whosereportisonwildlife

A.Mr.Rick’s.B.Amanda’s.C.Joseph’s.

19.Whatisthespeakerproudof

A.Thecleanestwater.B.Theconservationplans.C.Theoutstandingnaturalbeauty.

20.HowlongwillthediscussionorganizedbyChristinalast

A.50minutes.B.40minutes.C.30minutes.

第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

TheBestMusicMuseumsAroundtheWorld

MotownMuseum(Detroit,Michigan,US)

The“MotownSound”wasbornatthelabel’sfirstheadquarterindowntownDetroit.From1959until1989,thebuildinghousedthelabel’srecordingstudioandoffice,alongwithfounderBerryGordyJr’sresidenceupstairs.AfterMotownmovedtoLosAngeles,thehousewasturnedintoamuseumtodisplayallthecostumes,photographsandotherhistoricmemorabilia(紀念品)ofthelabel’srichhistory.

OpeningHours:Monday～Saturday,10:00～17:00

ABBA:TheMuseum(Stockholm,Sweden)

Thishighlyinteractivemuseumnotonlyrecordsthegroup’sremarkablecareer,butputsyourABBAknowledgeandmusicalskillstothetest.Youcan“perform”tobethefifthmemberofthebandintheirlivekaraokesoundbooth,andevenappearinamusicvideo.

OpeningHours:Sunday～Thursday,10:00～20:00

TheBeatlesStory(Liverpool,UK)

Asoneofthemust-seesightsinLiverpoolandbestmusicmuseumsthecityhastooffer,theBeatlesStoryrecordsthelives,cultureandmusicofTheBeatles.LocatedontheUNESCOWorldSitewaterfrontattheRoyalAlbertDock,theaward-winningmuseumtakesyouonanexperiencethroughtheband’srisetofame,includingoriginalinstruments,rarephotosandothermemorabilia.

OpeningHours:9:30～18:00,Wednesdayextendedto21:45

MuséeEdithPiaf(Paris,France)

Locatedinaprivateapartmentinthe11tharrondissement(行政區(qū))，themuseumcontainsmuchofthelatesinger’spersonalitems,includingclothes,photographsandpersonalletters.Therearenoguidedtours,andthemuseumisrunbyPiaf’sfanandfriend,whopersonallyrecallshistimewiththe“LittleSparrow”.

OpeningHours:Tuesday~Sunday,9:00~17：30

1.WhatcanvisitorsseeatMotownMuseum

A.Aninteractivebooth.B.Latestinstruments.

C.TheBeatle’spersonalletters.D.Thefounder’saccommodation.

2.Whereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttotesttheirmusicalskills

A.MotownMuseum.B.ABBA:TheMuseum.

C.TheBeatlesStory.D.MuséeEdithPiaf.

3.WhencanyouvisittolearnaboutalateFrenchsinger

A.OnMondayat10:00.B.OnWednesdayat21:45.

C.OnThursdayat11:00。D.OnSundayat18:00.

【答案】1.D2.B3.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是應用文。文章主要介紹了世界上最棒的四家音樂博物館。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章MotownMuseum(Detroit,Michigan,US)部分“From1959until1989,thebuildinghousedthelabel’srecordingstudioandoffice,alongwithfounderBerryGordyJr’sresidenceupstairs.AfterMotownmovedtoLosAngeles,thehousewasturnedintoamuseumtodisplayallthecostumes,photographsandotherhistoricmemorabilia(紀念品)ofthelabel’srichhistory.(從1959年到1989年，這座大樓是該公司的錄音室和辦公室，創(chuàng)始人小貝瑞·戈迪(BerryGordyJr)的住所也在樓上。摩城搬到洛杉磯后，這座房子變成了一個博物館，展示了摩城豐富歷史中的所有服裝、照片和其他歷史紀念品。)”可知，游客們可以在摩城博物館看到創(chuàng)始人的住所，故選D。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章ABBA:TheMuseum(Stockholm,Sweden)部分“Thishighlyinteractivemuseumnotonlyrecordsthegroup’sremarkablecareer,butputsyourABBAknowledgeandmusicalskillstothetest.(這個高度互動的博物館不僅記錄了這個組合非凡的職業(yè)生涯，而且還考驗了你的ABBA知識和音樂技巧。)”可知，如果游客想測試他們的音樂技能，他們應該去ABBA:TheMuseum.，故選B。

【3題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章MuséeEdithPiaf(Paris,France)部分“Locatedinaprivateapartmentinthe11tharrondissement(行政區(qū))，themuseumcontainsmuchofthelatesinger’spersonalitems,includingclothes,photographsandpersonalletters.(該博物館位于巴黎第11區(qū)的一間私人公寓內，收藏了這位已故歌手的許多私人物品，包括衣服、照片和私人信件。)”以及“OpeningHours:Tuesday~Sunday,9:00~17：30”可知，你可以在周四上午11:00去了解一位已故的法國歌手，故選C。

B

Afashionshowthatfeatureselderlypeopleasmodelsisararity.OnewithelderlyBlackAfricanmodelsisevenrarer.Perhapsthat’swhyNigerianvisualartistMalikAfegbuagotsomuchattentionfromaroundtheworldwhenhepostedimagestitled“TheEldersSeries”onsocialmedialastmonthshowingseniorsonafashionrunway,dressedinstylishandcolorfulclothes.

“Theinspirationbehindthisserieswasmymum,”explainedAfegbua,38.“Shehadastroke(中風),andIamveryclosetoher.Ijustneededanoutlettofindawaytoexpressmyselfandnotthinkaboutheronalife-supportmachine.Iwantedtothinkaboutherinahappyplace.”

Butwhat’strulyremarkableabouttheimagesisthattheground-breakingfashionshowneveractuallytookplace.Whiletheimageslooklikephotographsofagenuinevent,theywereentirelygeneratedbyartificialintelligence(AI).

“TheEidersSeries”isanextensionofotherprojectsthatAfegbuahascreatedthroughAI.HeusestheAIPlatformMidjourney,whichgeneratesimagesinresponsetotextprompts(提示).Afegbuasaysheexperimentswithdifferentphases,refininghissearchtermsuntilhegetsanimagehelikes,andtheneditsitinPhotoshop-repeatingtheprocessuntilheachievestheeffecthe’slookingfor.

AfegbuabelievesAIcanbeapowerfultoolforthearts-filmandtelevisioninparticular.“It’sheretosay...it’sgoingtoadvanceandit’sgoingtogetbetter,”hesaid.Buthesaystheroleofahumancreatorisstillkey.“AIisnotAll.Itcan’tthinkbyitself.Thereisalwaysshumanbeingbehindit-toputthingsinmotion,”headded.

4.WhydidAfegbuacreate“TheEldersSeries”

A.Toraisemoneyforhismominhospital.B.Toexpresshissadnessinapositiveway.

C.Tocallonpeopletocarefortheseniors.D.Toearnmoneytobuyalifesupportmachine.

5.Whatisreallyspecialabouttheimagesofthefashionshow

A.Theirproductionmethod.B.Theirprettymodels.

C.Theirshootinglocation.D.Theirphotographer.

6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout

A.WhattheAIplatformMidjourneyis.B.Why“TheEldersSeries”issopopular.

C.WhyAIperformsbetterthanman.D.HowAfegbunusesAItocreateartworks.

7.WhichstatementwillAfegbuaprobablyagreewith

A.Humancreatorsaretobereplaced.B.AIcanbeusedastoolsonlyinart.

C.AIjustplaysanassistingroleinartcreation.D.AIhasadvancedtothehighestlevel.

【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要介紹了Afegbua借助人工智能進行藝術創(chuàng)作來表達自己情緒，但他認為人工智能只是在藝術創(chuàng)作中發(fā)揮輔助作用，人才是關鍵。

【4題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Ijustneededanoutlettofindawaytoexpressmyselfandnotthinkaboutheronalife-supportmachine.Iwantedtothinkaboutherinahappyplace.”（我只是需要一個出口，找到一種表達自己的方式，而不是想著她在一臺維持生命的機器上。我想要想著她在一個快樂的地方）可知，Afegbua這么做是為了以一種積極的方式來表達自己的悲傷。故選B項。

【5題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Butwhat’strulyremarkableabouttheimagesisthattheground-breakingfashionshowneveractuallytookplace.Whiletheimageslooklikephotographsofagenuinevent,theywereentirelygeneratedbyartificialintelligence.”（但這些照片真正引人注目的是，這場開創(chuàng)性的時裝秀從未真正舉辦過。雖然這些圖像看起來像是真實的表達，但它們完全是由人工智能生成的）可知，這些照片獨特的地方是它們是通過人工智能產生的。故選A項。

【6題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段““TheEidersSeries”isanextensionofotherprojectsthatAfegbuahascreatedthroughAI.HeusestheAIPlatformMidjourney,whichgeneratesimagesinresponsetotextprompts.Afegbuasaysheexperimentswithdifferentphases,refininghissearchtermsuntilhegetsanimagehelikes,andtheneditsitinPhotoshop-repeatingtheprocessuntilheachievestheeffecthe’slookingfor.”（“Eiders系列”是Afegbua通過人工智能創(chuàng)建的其他項目的延伸。他使用人工智能平臺Midjourney，該平臺可以根據(jù)文本提示生成圖像。Afegbua說，他用不同的階段進行實驗，完善搜索詞，直到得到他喜歡的圖像，然后在Photoshop中編輯，重復這個過程，直到達到他想要的效果）可知，本段主要介紹Afegbun是如何使用人工智能創(chuàng)作藝術品的。故選D項。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“AfegbuabelievesAIcanbeapowerfultoolforthearts-filmandtelevisioninparticular.“It’sheretosay...it’sgoingtoadvanceandit’sgoingtogetbetter,”hesaid.Buthesaystheroleofahumancreatorisstillkey.”（Afegbua認為人工智能可以成為藝術電影和電視的強大工具。他說：“這是在說……它會進步，會變得更好?！?。但他表示，人類創(chuàng)造者的角色仍然是關鍵）可知，他認為人工智能只是在藝術創(chuàng)作中發(fā)揮輔助作用。故選C項。

C

Approximately160yearsago,muchofCanada,thesecondlargestcountryintheworld,remainedunexploredanduninhabitedwasteland.HistorianPierreBertonwritesthatinthosedays,three-quartersofthepopulationlivedonfarmsthatwerefarapartandtravelinglongdistanceswasincrediblydifficultbecauseoftheterribleroads.

PrimeMinisterJohnMacDonald,awareofthesehardshipsofordinarypeople’slife,proposedin1871tobuildarailroadconnectingtheAtlanticcoastwiththePacific.TheconstructionofasimilarrailroadintheUnitedStatesendedin1869.However,unlikeAmerica,theCanadiangovernmenthadlessmoney,thedistancesweremuchgreater,andthepopulationwastentimessmaller.

Despitesuchdifficulties,thegovernmentpromisedthatitwouldbuildthisrailwayintenyears.True,theroadcouldbeslightlyshortenedandsimplifiedbylettingitthroughtheUnitedStates.However,MacDonaldconsideredsuchadecisiondangerous,especiallyincaseofwar,andinsistedthattherailwaypassonlythroughCanada.

In1875,constructionbeganonthemainlineoftheCanadianPacificRailway(CPR).Butaftertenyears,asituationaroseduetowhichtheprojectcouldhavestopped.ThefactisthatonJuly10at15:00,theconstructioncompanywassupposedtopayoffadebtof$400,000,butitdidnothavethatamountofmoney.However,at14:00thatday,theCanadianParliamentfinallyagreedtoprovidealargerloan,andworkcontinued.

Finally,onNovember7,1885,thelastrailroadnailwashammeredinEagleGorge,inwesternBritishColumbia.

Withthecomingoftherailway,moreandmoreindustrialandcommercialcompaniessprangupinthewest.Newcitiesandvillagesappearedhere.Inaddition,productsbroughtfromthecountriesoftheEasttothePacificcoastfoundtheirwaytocitiesineasternCanadawithinafewdays.

8.WhydidCanadadecidetobuildtherailroadin1871

A.Tomakepreparationsforapossiblewar.B.Toimprovepeople’slivingconditions.

C.Togetridoftheuninhabitedwasteland.D.Topromotethedevelopmentoftourism.

9.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJohnMacDonald

A.Adaptable.B.Narrow-minded.C.Generous.D.Far-sighted.

10.WhydoestheauthormentionJuly10inthefourthparagraph

A.Totellthefinancialstatusoftheconstructioncompany.

B.Toshowastartingpointintherailwayconstruction.

C.Tocelebratethecompletionoftherailwayconstruction.

D.Toinformthedevelopmentoftheconstructioncompany.

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext

A.AFamousFormerPrimeMinisterofCanada.

B.ProblemsinCanada’sEconomicDevelopment.

C.TheHistoryoftheRailwayBetweenTwoOceans.

D.TheForeignPolicyoftheCanadianGovernment.

【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是記敘文。文章中主要講述為了改善普通人生活中的困難，加拿大首相約翰·麥克唐納帶領人民修建了一條連接大西洋海岸和太平洋的鐵路的事情。

【8題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“PrimeMinisterJohnMacDonald,awareofthesehardshipsofordinarypeople’slife,proposedin1871tobuildarailroadconnectingtheAtlanticcoastwiththePacific.(首相約翰·麥克唐納意識到普通人生活中的這些困難，于1871年提議修建一條連接大西洋海岸和太平洋的鐵路。)”可知，加拿大在1871年決定修建一條連接大西洋海岸和太平洋的鐵路是為了改善普通人生活中的困難。故選B。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Despitesuchdifficulties,thegovernmentpromisedthatitwouldbuildthisrailwayintenyears.True,theroadcouldbeslightlyshortenedandsimplifiedbylettingitthroughtheUnitedStates.However,MacDonaldconsideredsuchadecisiondangerous,especiallyincaseofwar,andinsistedthattherailwaypassonlythroughCanada.(盡管困難重重，政府還是承諾將在十年內修建這條鐵路。的確，通過米國，這條路可以稍微縮短和簡化。然而，麥克唐納認為這樣的決定是危險的，尤其是在戰(zhàn)爭的情況下，并堅持鐵路只經(jīng)過加拿大。)”可知，麥克唐納是一個很有膽識和遠見的人。故選D。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ThefactisthatonJuly10at15:00,theconstructioncompanywassupposedtopayoffadebtof$400,000,butitdidnothavethatamountofmoney.However,at14:00thatday,theCanadianParliamentfinallyagreedtoprovidealargerloan,andworkcontinued.(事實是，7月10日15:00，這家建筑公司本應償還40萬美元的債務，但它沒有這筆錢。然而，當天14時，加拿大議會最終同意提供更大的貸款，工作仍在繼續(xù)。)”可知，這一段提到7月10日這一天是為了表明在當時建筑過程中遇到了資金困難的事情。故選A。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“PrimeMinisterJohnMacDonald,awareofthesehardshipsofordinarypeople’slife,proposedin1871tobuildarailroadconnectingtheAtlanticcoastwiththePacific.(首相約翰·麥克唐納意識到普通人生活中的這些困難，于1871年提議修建一條連接大西洋海岸和太平洋的鐵路。)”，第三段“Despitesuchdifficulties,thegovernmentpromisedthatitwouldbuildthisrailwayintenyears.True,theroadcouldbeslightlyshortenedandsimplifiedbylettingitthroughtheUnitedStates.However,MacDonaldconsideredsuchadecisiondangerous,especiallyincaseofwar,andinsistedthattherailwaypassonlythroughCanada.(盡管困難重重，政府還是承諾將在十年內修建這條鐵路。的確，通過米國，這條路可以稍微縮短和簡化。然而，麥克唐納認為這樣的決定是危險的，尤其是在戰(zhàn)爭的情況下，并堅持鐵路只經(jīng)過加拿大。)”，第四段“ThefactisthatonJuly10at15:00,theconstructioncompanywassupposedtopayoffadebtof$400,000,butitdidnothavethatamountofmoney.However,at14:00thatday,theCanadianParliamentfinallyagreedtoprovidealargerloan,andworkcontinued.(事實是，7月10日15:00，這家建筑公司本應償還40萬美元的債務，但它沒有這筆錢。然而，當天14時，加拿大議會最終同意提供更大的貸款，工作仍在繼續(xù)。)”和最后一段“Withthecomingoftherailway,moreandmoreindustrialandcommercialcompaniessprangupinthewest.Newcitiesandvillagesappearedhere.Inaddition,productsbroughtfromthecountriesoftheEasttothePacificcoastfoundtheirwaytocitiesineasternCanadawithinafewdays.(隨著鐵路的到來，越來越多的工商企業(yè)在西方興起。這里出現(xiàn)了新的城市和村莊。此外，從東部國家?guī)У教窖笱匕兜漠a品在幾天內就到達了加拿大東部的城市。)”可知，這篇文章主要講述為了改善普通人生活中的困難，加拿大首相約翰·麥克唐納帶領人民修建了一條連接大西洋海岸和太平洋的鐵路的事情。所以用C項“TheHistoryoftheRailwayBetweenTwoOceans.”作為本文的題目與文章主題相符合。故選C。

D

Large-scaleclimatepatternsthatcanimpactweatheracrossthousandsofkilometersmaystokemulticontinentaldroughtsandwildfiresatthesametimearoundtheworld,twonewstudiesfind.

Thesepatternsknownaclimateteleconnections,typicallyoccurasrepeatedphasesthatcanlastfromweekstoyears.“Theyareakindofcomplexbutterflyeffect,inwhichthingsthatareoccurringinoneplacehavemanysideeffectsveryfaraway,”saysSergiodeMiguel,anecosystemscientistatSpain’sUniversityofLleidaandtheJointResearchUnitCTFC-AgrotecnioinSolsona,Spain.

TheElNino-SouthernOscillation,orENSO,isperhapsthemostwell-knownclimateteleconnection.Itinvolvesphasesduringwhichweakenedtradewindscausewarmsurfacewaterstoamass(積聚)intheeasterntropicalPacificOcean,knownasElNino,andoppositephasesofcoolertropicalwaterscalledLaNina.

Majordroughtsarisearoundthesametimeatdroughthotspotsaroundtheworld,andtheworld’smajorclimateteleconnectionsmaybebehindthesynchronization(同步),researchersreportinonestudy.What’smore,thesepatternsmayalsoregulatetheburningofmorethanhalfoftheareaonEartheachyear,deMiguelandhiscolleaguesreportintheotherstudy.

Theresearchcouldhelpcountriesaroundtheworldforecastandcooperatetodealwithwidespreaddroughtsandfires,researcherssay.

Pastresearchhaspredictedthathuman-causedclimatechangewillledtomoreintensedroughtsandworsenwildfireseasonsinmanyregions.Butfewstudieshaveinvestigatedhowshorter-livedclimatevariations-teleconnections-influencetheseeventsonaglobalscale.Suchworkcouldhelpcountriesimproveforecastingeffortsandshareresources,saysclimatescientistAshokMishraofClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stoke”inthefirstparagraphmean

A.Stop.B.Cause.C.Fight.D.Escape.

13.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph2

A.Introduceatopic.B.Giveanexample.

C.Explainaconcept.D.Offersomeadvice.

14.WhatcanwelearnaboutENSO

A.ItincludesElNinoandLaNina.

B.Itisusedtopredictclimatechange.

C.Ithasnothingtodowithclimateteleconnection.

D.ItleadstothecoolingofeasterntropicalPacificOcean.

15.WhatisAshokMishra’sattitudetowardsthefindingofthetwonewstudies

A.Cautious.B.Unclear.

C.Disapproving.D.Positive.

【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是新聞報道。文章主要講述氣候變化遙相關現(xiàn)象。

【12題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Large-scaleclimatepatternsthatcanimpactweatheracrossthousandsofkilometersmaystokemulticontinentaldroughtsandwildfiresatthesametimearoundtheworld,twonewstudiesfind.(兩項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，影響數(shù)千公里天氣的大規(guī)模氣候模式可能會在世界各地同時stoke多大陸干旱和野火。)”和第二段“Theyareakindofcomplexbutterflyeffect,inwhichthingsthatareoccurringinoneplacehavemanysideeffectsveryfaraway(它們是一種復雜的蝴蝶效應，發(fā)生在一個地方的事情會在很遠的地方產生很多副作用)”可知，這里指發(fā)生在一個地方的事情會影響到很遠的地方的事情，所以，在一個地方的大規(guī)模氣候模式可能會在世界各地同時導致多大陸干旱和野火的發(fā)生。所以，stoke的意思應該是“導致”，和選項B意思一致。故選B。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thesepatterns,knownaclimateteleconnections,typicallyoccurasrepeatedphasesthatcanlastfromweekstoyears.“Theyareakindofcomplexbutterflyeffect,inwhichthingsthatareoccurringinoneplacehavemanysideeffectsveryfaraway,”saysSergiodeMiguel,anecosystemscientistatSpain’sUniversityofLleidaandtheJointResearchUnitCTFC-AgrotecnioinSolsona,Spain.(這些模式被稱為氣候遙相關，通常以持續(xù)數(shù)周至數(shù)年的重復階段出現(xiàn)。“它們是一種復雜的蝴蝶效應，發(fā)生在一個地方的事情會在很遠的地方產生很多副作用，”西班牙萊里達大學和西班牙索爾索納CTFCAgrotecino聯(lián)合研究所的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)科學家SergiodeMiguel說。)”可知，這一段主要解釋氣候遙相關這一概念。故選C。

【14題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“TheElNino-SouthernOscillation,orENSO,isperhapsthemostwell-knownclimateteleconnection.Itinvolvesphasesduringwhichweakenedtradewindscausewarmsurfacewaterstoamass(積聚)intheeasterntropicalPacificOcean,knownasElNino,andoppositephasesofcoolertropicalwaterscalledLaNina.(厄爾尼諾南方濤動（ENSO）可能是最著名氣候遙相關現(xiàn)象。它包括減弱的信風導致東部熱帶太平洋溫暖的表層水域形成厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的階段，以及相對較冷的熱帶水域形成拉尼娜現(xiàn)象的階段。)”可知，ENSO包括厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象和拉尼娜現(xiàn)象。故選A。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Pastresearchhaspredictedthathuman-causedclimatechangewillledtomoreintensedroughtsandworsenwildfireseasonsinmanyregions.Butfewstudieshaveinvestigatedhowshorter-livedclimatevariations-teleconnections-influencetheseeventsonaglobalscale.Suchworkcouldhelpcountriesimproveforecastingeffortsandshareresources,saysclimatescientistAshokMishraofClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina.(過去的研究預測，人類造成的氣候變化將導致許多地區(qū)更加嚴重的干旱和野火季節(jié)的惡化。但很少有研究調查壽命較短的氣候變化遙相關如何在全球范圍內影響這些事件。南卡羅來納州克萊姆森大學的氣候科學家AshokMishra表示，這項工作可以幫助各國改進預測工作并共享資源。)”可知，AshokMishra認為，過去的研究并沒有調查壽命較短的氣候變化遙相關如何在全球范圍內影響這些事件。所以他對這些研究并不滿意。故選C。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)

根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Rentingahometodayismorepopularthanbuyingahouse.Youcanchooseanapartmentforrenteitheronyourownorwiththehelpofaspecialistfromarentalagency.____16____Afterall,aprofessionalwillbeabletoprotecttheclientfromscammers(騙子)andselectthebestoptionsforrenting.

Firstofall,itwillbenecessarytodeterminethequalityandvarietyofinfrastructure(基礎設施)inaparticulararea.Youshouldfindoutwhatobjectsarelocatedintheimmediateneighborhood.____17____.Adrugstore,aswellasaclinicormedicalcentershouldbelocatednearby.

Ifyouplantomoveintoarentedapartmentwithchildrenyoushouldfindoutwhicheducationalandpreschoolinstitutionsarelocatednearby.____18____.Theyareneededsothatresidentscaneasilygettoanyareaofthesettlementusingpublictransport.

Youshouldalsopayattentiontothebuildingitself,inwhichyouplantorentahome.____19____,whichwillallowyounottoworryaboutnoisyneighbors.Thequestions,likewhatproblemsthebuildinghasorhowoftentheelevatorbreaksdown,arealsoworthasking.

____20____.Youshouldchecktheperformanceofallengineeringsystems.Youshouldalsofindouthowoftenthewateristurnedoffinthebuilding.Eventhesockets(插座)shouldbechecked.Todothis,youcantakeachargerforyourmobilephonewithyou.Itwillhelpdeterminethequalityofelectricalsystemsandthepresenceofwiringproblemsinspecificlocations.

A.Itisyourdutytohelptheneighbors

B.Thesecondoptionismorepreferable

C.Itisbetterifithasthickenoughwalls

D.Specialattentionshouldbepaidtotheotherdetails

E.Herearesomesimplewaystosavemoneywhenrenting

F.Andnearthehouseshouldbestationsofpublictransport

G.Itisdesirablethatthereareshopswithessentialgoodsnearthehousing

【答案】16.B17.G18.F19.C20.D

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在租房時應該注意的問題。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)空前“Youcanchooseanapartmentforrenteitheronyourownorwiththehelpofaspecialistfromarentalagency.(你可以自己選擇一套公寓出租，也可以在租賃機構的專家的幫助下選擇。)”可知，這里提到了找公寓時的兩種選擇。以及空后“Afterall,aprofessionalwillbeabletoprotecttheclientfromscammers(騙子)andselectthebestoptionsforrenting.（畢竟，專業(yè)人士將能夠保護客戶免受騙子的侵害，并選擇最佳的租賃方案。）”可知，這里建議我們選第二種找專業(yè)人士。選項B“Thesecondoptionismorepreferable(第二種選擇更可取)”與上文邏輯密切，符合語境。故選B項。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)空前“Youshouldfindoutwhatobjectsarelocatedintheimmediateneighborhood.(你應該找出附近有什么物體。)”可知，這里提到了找公寓時看附近配套設施。以及空后“Adrugstore,aswellasaclinicormedicalcentershouldbelocatednearby.（藥店，以及診所或醫(yī)療中心應設在附近。）”可知，附近應該有商店、藥店、醫(yī)療中心。選項G“Itisdesirablethatthereareshopswithessentialgoodsnearthehousing(最好在住房附近有出售生活必需品的商店)”，符合語境。故選G項。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)空后“Theyareneededsothatresidentscaneasilygettoanyareaofthesettlementusingpublictransport..（他們被需要，以便居民可以輕松地使用公共交通工具到達定居點的任何地區(qū)。）”可知，they指代前面的公交站點，選項F“Andnearthehouseshouldbestationsofpublictransport（而且房子附近應該有公共交通站點）”表示補充，符合語境。故選F。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)空前“Youshouldalsopayattentiontothebuildingitself,inwhichyouplantorentahome.（你還應該注意你打算租住的房子本身。）”可知，這里建議要注意查看租住的房子是否有問題，及空后“whichwillallowyounottoworryaboutnoisyneighbors.（這樣你就不用擔心吵鬧的鄰居了。）”可知，注意墻要厚要能隔音，C項“Itisbetterifithasthickenoughwalls（如果它有足夠厚的墻會更好）”符合語境。故選C。

【20題詳解】

空處位于句首，起到統(tǒng)領本段內容的作用，根據(jù)空后“Youshouldchecktheperformanceofallengineeringsystems.Youshouldalsofindouthowoftenthewateristurnedoffinthebuilding.（你應該檢查所有工程系統(tǒng)的性能。你還應該弄清楚大樓里的水多久關一次。）”可知，這一段建議要注意其他的方面。D項“Specialattentionshouldbepaidtotheotherdetails.（檢查公寓時應特別注意其他細節(jié)。）”適合做主旨句。故選D。

第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)

第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

WhenIwasgrowingup,everyeveningbeforebedtimemyfatherwouldtellmestoriesofhischildhood.He’dtellhisstorieswithmorals,orsometimesjusttaleswithoutaparticular____21____butforpureentertainment____22____.

He’dtellme____23____ofhisadventuresgrowingupinNewEnglandwithhistwobrothersandtheir____24____DickeyEllis,whovasthebutt(笑柄)ofallthejokes.Despitealwaysbeingunderestimated(低估)and____25____,EllismanagedtobevictoriousalongsidetheVankevichbrothersintheirachievements-Theydefendedthe____26____groupsagainstButch,whooftenbullied(欺負)theweak,and____27____authorityfigureswhentheywerebeingunjust.

ItwasonlywhenIwascreatingatelevisualseriesonstorytellingthatmyfather____28____measecret.Themajorityofthestorieshetoldabouthis____29____didn’tactuallyhappen.Iwasastonishedbutthen_____30_____.Irealizeditdidn’tmatterthattheyware_____31_____.Whathasmatteredtopeoplemostitthatstoriesoffer_____32_____totheirquestionsaboutwheretheycomefrom,whytheworldisasitis,andhowtheyshouldleadtheirlife.

Myfather’sstoriestaughtand_____33_____themoralmapthroughwhichI_____34_____theworld.Now,I’m_____35_____thetradition.Myson,aged3,asksforastoryfrommeeveryeveningbeforebed.

Recently,hehas_____36_____metoretellthestorythatIdidn’tlookbothways_____37_____Icrossedthestreetwhilefroghuntingandgot_____38_____byatruck.

Idon’t_____39_____thestoryofmycaraccidentonasadnote,butinsteadmakeitaninspirationalstory.ItellhimhowIprovedthedoctors’predictionswrongby_____40_____playingsoccerincollege.

21.A.designB.moralC.contentD.challenge

22.A.educationB.industryC.valueD.system

23.A.talesB.schedulesC.recommendationsD.destinations

24.A.uncleB.friendC.fatherD.grandfather

25.A.admiredB.cheatedC.ignoredD.compared

26.A.giftedB.embarrassedC.determinedD.disadvantaged

27.A.questionedB.trustedC.respectedD.puzzled

28.A.hadB.toldC.keptD.found

29.A.planB.workC.discoveryD.childhood

30.A.laughedB.criedC.ranD.childhood

31.A.ordinaryB.fictionalC.originalD.romantic

32.A.introductionsB.attentionC.answersD.damage

33.A.formedB.representedC.destroyedD.lost

34.A.monitorB.surpriseC.criticizeD.see

35.A.searchingforB.carryingonC.turningdownD.settingup

36.A.orderedB.forcedC.askedD.hated

37.A.becauseB.ifC.unlessD.before

38.A.followedB.killedC.hitD.blocked

39.A.endB.hearC.reportD.rewrite

40.A.immediatelyB.unfortunatelyC.potentiallyD.eventually

【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.C