北京市海淀區(qū)九年級英語第二學(xué)期期末練習(xí)（初三中考二模）試卷講評-客觀題

九年級第二學(xué)期期中練習(xí)試卷講評（客觀題部分）單選題語法知識部分題號涉及話題語法現(xiàn)象1運(yùn)動代詞：主格2志愿者介詞：地點(diǎn)前的介詞3健康連詞：and“結(jié)果是；那么；就”4校園（比賽）比較級：as+形容詞原級+as5校園（尋找物主）疑問詞：whose“誰的”，問所屬6校園（作業(yè)）情態(tài)動詞：must問句使用needn’t回答單選題語法知識部分題號涉及話題語法現(xiàn)象7時態(tài)：主將從現(xiàn)（if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句）8交際功能時態(tài)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時（Look?。?校園（網(wǎng)課）時態(tài)：過去進(jìn)行時（atthistimelastyear）10社會（建黨）時態(tài)：現(xiàn)在完成時（since）11校園（手機(jī)）被動語態(tài)+一般現(xiàn)在時12興趣愛好賓語從句+一般過去時時態(tài)題考查時態(tài)在具體語境中的應(yīng)用，需要找準(zhǔn)時間標(biāo)記或分析具體語境一、單項(xiàng)填空（共6分，每小題0.5分）1-5

CACAA6-10

BADBD11-12

CB

單選題答案二、完形填空（共8分，每小題1分）13.A 14.D 15.B 16.C 17.C 18.B 19.D 20.A完形填空答案What：文章講述了主人公Yoon與同學(xué)的一次沖突。Yoon和家人搬家到美國以后，媽媽給了她一個奶奶傳給她的手鐲，告訴她這是真實(shí)與友誼的象征，Yoon視若珍寶。第二天，同學(xué)Sally邀請她跳繩并強(qiáng)行“借”走她的手鐲，表示要借戴一天。然而，當(dāng)Yoon第二天想找Sally拿回手鐲的時候，Sally并沒有遵守諾言。Yoon只好找老師解決問題。通過老師的協(xié)調(diào)，兩位同學(xué)化干戈為玉帛。

How：文章通過描寫“我”和同學(xué)出現(xiàn)沖突并解決的小故事，傳遞了在與同伴交往時要勇敢解決、互相尊重。

Why：希望同學(xué)們在人際交往時要敢于面對、知錯能改。完形填空—記敘文故事梗概關(guān)注情節(jié)+情感線索disappointedcherishinglonging

for

friendship;

unwillinglyeventsmanaged

a

smilefelt

afraid

to

take

it

from

hersmiling

at

Sally;

took

off

the

braceletfound

sally;

told

the

teacher

about

my

troubleAfter

settling...my

birthdayWhen

my

mom

told

me

about

the

braceletThe

next

dayThe

next

afternoonrelievedattitude/feelingAt

lastangry

but

helplesslooking

into

her

face;

Sally

apologized

and

returned

it選項(xiàng)考查的能力動詞（4個）名詞（3個）形容詞、副詞（2個）15.take(上下文)I

felt

afraid

to

take

it

from

her.13.box(上下文)Here’s

a

surprise.

....

weren’t

like

that.17.Unwillingly(上下文)I

didn’t

think

sharing

it

seemed

right;

...

grabbed

...16.smiling(上下文)...

smiling

at

her14.disappointment(上下文；派生詞)...

managed

a

smile

...19.

helpless

(上下文)...

laughed

and

ran

away.

...

finally

told

the

teacher

about

my

trouble.18.keep(詞義辨析)keep

one’s

word遵守諾言give

one’s

word保證20.fit(一詞多義）It

fit.

Perfectly.ring

(n.)文中有幾個線索暗示，如a

surprise、I

thought、a

jade

bracelet，說明作者經(jīng)歷了從猜測-思考-確認(rèn)的過程，一開始作者并不知道它是什么，可以排除ring。

Mymotherhandedmealovely__13__.“Hereisasurprise!”

JumpropesthatIwaslongingforweren’tlikethat,Ithought.Tryingnottoshowmy

14

,Imanagedasmile“,Thankyou,Mom.”

“Ajadebracelet(玉手鐲),Yoon,”

mymothersaid.

“WhenIwasayounggirl,myownmothergavemethisverybracelet.NowIamgivingittoyou.”so...(that)...ItwassowonderfulIfeltafraidto

15

itfromher.so

(that)

fit

(v.)1.

RIGHTSIZE/TYPE恰當(dāng)?shù)拇笮〃u類型

Itriedthedressonbutitdidn'tfit.

Thekeydoesn'tfitthelock.2.

PUTSTHSOMEWHERE安置Theroomswereallfittedwithsmokealarms.Howdothesetwoparts

fittogether?3.

AGREE/MATCH一致；相稱Somethingdoesn'tquitefithere.Weshouldfitthepunishmenttothecrime.我們應(yīng)該根據(jù)罪行量刑。4.

MAKESUITABLE使適合Hisexperiencefittedhimperfectlyforthejob.fit

(adj.)1.

HEALTHY健康She

triesto

keep

fit

byjoggingeveryday.2.

SUITABLE合適Itwasameal

fitforaking

(=ofverygoodquality)

.3.

READY準(zhǔn)備好I‘veeatensomuchthat

I’m

fittoburst.

fit

(n.)a

good/bad/close/perfectfit

很/不合身；貼身；完全合身完形填空教學(xué)建議關(guān)注情節(jié)情感線索關(guān)注一詞多義和熟詞生義，梳理“課標(biāo)”單詞中常見詞的不常見意思關(guān)注詞義辨析，梳理“課標(biāo)”重要詞組三、閱讀短文，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。（共26分，每小題2分）21.D 22.B

23.C 24.D

25.C 26.A 27.B 28.A 29.D 30.C 31.A32.B33.C閱讀理解答案B篇—記敘文WhenWhen

I

was

in

Grade

9WhereIn

my

homeWhoI,

my

mom,

(an

old

lady)CauseMy

parents

bought

me

a

nightstand.EventsI

decided

to

paint

it

to

make

it

look

better.When

I

opened

the

bag,

I

found

...bills

wrapped

in

the

papers.When

my

mother

left,

...thinking

about

this

past

week.I

already

knew

right

from

wrong.ResultI

decided

not

to

fail

this

test.MessageItwasatestofhonor.Myhonor.→

Honesty

is

the

first

policy.選文意圖：幫助考生樹立誠信意識。第24小題（容易題）：獲取事實(shí)性信息題；找出關(guān)鍵詞，定位原文出處（Para.1-4）第25小題（容易題）：獲取事實(shí)性信息題；聚焦感情細(xì)節(jié)及鋪墊（定位時間點(diǎn)：at

first

when

he

found...→Para.2→定位鋪墊細(xì)節(jié)：it

turned

out

...）第26小題（中檔題）：推斷隱含意義題；聚焦情節(jié)發(fā)展（最后一段Idecidednottofailthistest.Itwasatestofhonor.Myhonor.）B篇What：作者闡釋了在深度睡眠期，人們可以進(jìn)行互動、擁有清晰夢境的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。

How：作者通過做解釋、做比較的方式展開說明，最后展望了該研究的好處和未來。文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，話題和內(nèi)容對部分學(xué)生來說也比較熟悉。

Why：旨在告訴學(xué)生人在睡眠時可以擁有互動性夢境，學(xué)會運(yùn)用科學(xué)道理解釋生活中的現(xiàn)象。C篇體裁：說明文

Whiledreamsareacommonexperience,scientistsstillhaven’tfullyexplainedthem.Relyingonaperson’sretellingofdreamsisalsofilledwithdistortions(扭曲)andforgottendetails.Andmostcuriousofall,dreamstakeustowhatfeelslikeadifferentreality.Theyalsohappenwhilewe’refastasleep.So,youmightnotexpectthatapersoninthemiddleofavividdreamwouldbeabletosensequestionsandprovideanswerstothem.ButanewstudyreportedinthejournalCurrentBiologyonFebruary18,2021showsthat,infact,theycan.Real-timeDialoguewithaDreamingPersonMain

ideas

of

each

paragraphThesis

statement:

Apersoninthemiddleofavividdreamwouldbeabletosensequestionsandprovideanswerstothem.topic

sentence

Theresearchersfromfourlabsinfourdifferentcountriesstudied36peoplewhoaimedtohavealucid

dream,inwhichapersonrealizeshe/sheisdreaming.Thestudyisunusualbecauseitincludesfourexperimentsusingdifferentwaystoachieveasimilargoal.

“WefoundthatindividualsinREMsleepcaninteractwithanexperimenterandengageinreal-timecommunication,”saidseniorresearcherKenPallerofNorthwesternUniversity.

“Wealsoshoweddreamerscanunderstandquestions,takepartinworking-memoryoperations,andproduceanswers,althoughmostpeoplemightthinkthiswouldnotbepossible.”

“Weputtheresults

fromfourdifferentlabstogetherbecauseweconsideredthattheycanprovetherealityofthistwo-waycommunicationactivity,”

KarenKonkoly,anotherspecialistinthisfield,added.Real-timeDialoguewithaDreamingPersonMain

ideas

of

each

paragraph

Process:

How

the

study

was

carried

out

(and

why

its

unusual).high-frequency

words

Accordingtothestudy,itwaspossibleforpeoplewhiledreamingtofollowinstructions,dosimplemath,answeryes-or-noquestions,ortellthedifferencebetweendifferentsensorystimuli(感官刺激).Theycouldrespondbyusingeyemovementsorcontracting(收縮)facialmuscles.

Theresearchersrefertoitas

“interactivedreaming”.Real-timeDialoguewithaDreamingPersonMain

ideas

of

each

paragraph

Findings:

what

people

can

do

and

how

they

respond

during

interactive

dreaming.combining

similar

ideas

Ourexperimentislikefindingawaytotalkwithanastronautinanotherworld,butinthiscasetheworldiscompletelybasedonthememoriesstoredinthebrain,”

theresearcherswrite.

“Butwerealizedthatfindingawaytocommunicatecouldopenthedoorinfuturescientificexaminations.Moreover,itishelpfultolearnmoreaboutdreamsandmemorystorage.Wewillcarryoutfollow-upexperiments,aimingtolearnmoreaboutconnectionsbetweensleepandmemoryprocessing,andabouthowdreamsmayshowthismemoryprocessing,”

theresearcherssay.Real-timeDialoguewithaDreamingPersonMain

ideas

of

each

paragraph

Conclusion:

thebenefitsandfutureaimsofstudyingdreamsandmemory.Linking

wordsWays

of

summarizing

paragraph

main

ideasFinding

the

topic

sentence.Finding

the

high-frequency

words.Combining

similar

ideas.Focusing

on

linking

words

(also,

moreover,

what’s

more...)Common

structure

of

an

expositoryPhenomenon/

ProblemProcessFindingsConclusion/

OutlookResearch

process根據(jù)上下文猜測詞義Para

2-1Theresearchersfromfourlabsinfourdifferentcountriesstudied36peoplewhoaimedtohavealuciddream,inwhichapersonrealizeshe/sheisdreaming.細(xì)節(jié)題Para.

1-5

...

wouldbeabletosensequestionsandprovideanswerstothem

...

infact,theycan.Para.

3-1Accordingtothestudy,itwaspossibleforpeoplewhiledreamingtofollowinstructions,dosimplemath,answeryes-or-noquestions,ortellthedifferencebetweendifferentsensorystimuli(感官刺激).歸納段落主旨要義題。What：作者闡釋了大數(shù)據(jù)的定義、分析了運(yùn)用大數(shù)據(jù)的利弊，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用大數(shù)據(jù)的重要性。

How：作者通過下定義、做解釋、做對比、舉例子等方式展開說明。文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，話題和內(nèi)容對學(xué)生來說雖然不夠熟悉，但也深入到了他們生活的方方面面。

Why：旨在讓學(xué)生了解大數(shù)據(jù)及其使用，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對于新科技要以人為本、審慎使用，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的批判精神。D

篇體裁：論說文

Intoday’sclimate,industriesoftentalkaboutthenewpopularword

ofthisage,bigdata.Bigdatareferstodataingeneral,mostlyunorganized

andunstructured.Theuseofbigdatahashugepotential(潛力)forvarious

industries,healthcareincluded.Facebook,Amazon,forexample,usebig

datafortheirdigitalstructurestomatchcustomerswiththeirinterests.

SomeexpertsindiscussingbigdatahavedescribeditasthefourVs:Volumereferringtoalargeamountofdata;Velocityreferringtothetimelygenerationofdata;Varietyreferringtothemanyformsofdata;Veracityreferringtothequalityofthedata.DThe

definition

of

big

data.Combining

similar

ideas

Someresearchersdiscussedthepotentialofbigdatainmedicinerecently.Forexample,bigdatacanbeusedtoimprovedecision-makingwhencombined(結(jié)合)withothernewtechnologylikeartificialintelligence(AI).Itispossiblethatbigdatacancombineclinical(臨床的)characteristics,lifestyleandenvironmentalfactorswithAIinfutureclinicaltesting.However,thisremainsjustadaydreamatthepresentmoment.Sofar,allbigdatatechniquesaremainlydescriptive.Inthefuture,withadvancedcomputationalpower,usingbigdatainmedicineispromising.DThe

potential

of

using

big

data

in

medicine.topic

sentence

However,bigdataalsohasitslimitations,andthereareseverallessonswemustlearnbeforeusingiteffectively.First,bigdataisneverwell-managedandcomeswithalargedegreeofmess.Thus,selectingthecorrecttechnologywithhumanpowertomanagebigdataisofimportance.Second,analytic(分析的)companiescanmisinterpret(誤釋)bigdatabyusingincorrectresearchquestionstotesttheirguessesorusingthewrongtooltoanalyzetherelateddata,resultingindeliveringfalsemessages.DThe

limitations

of

using

big

data

in

medicine.topic

sentence

Surgisphere,anAmericananalyticcompany,isatypicalexampleofwhatcangowrongthroughtheanalysisofbigdata.Surgispherestatedthatitcollecteddatafromover1,000hospitalsworldwide.Althoughthisispossibleandnewtechnologycancompletethistaskwithminimalhumanresources,itisdifficultthatthisdatacanbewell-managed.Inaddition,healthcaredataischallengingtoworkwith,asthecombiningofelectronicmedicalrecordsanddataprivacyaremajorproblems.AnotherexampleistheCambridgeanalyticcase(案例),wheredatagotfromFacebookwasusedwithoutpermission.DTwo

examplesofusing

big

data

wrongly.Linking

words

Whenproperlyused,bigdatacanbeagame-changerforvariousindustries,includingthehealthcareindustry.Thisrequireswell-manageddata,relatedresearchquestions,appropriateanalytictools,andadvancedcomputationalpowers.Inthewronghands,bigdatacanbeabigthreatthatcanbringindustriesintodisorderasawhole.DThe

importance

of

using

big

data

properly.Linking

words段落間邏輯關(guān)系圖P1P2P3P4P5并列關(guān)系遞進(jìn)關(guān)系獲取事實(shí)性信息題。第一段第三句。全文細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段最后一句話。are

difficult

to

be(Para

4-3)used

without

permission

(Para.

4-5)to

match

customer

with

their

interests

(Para.

1-3)判斷作者寫作目的題。先歸納全文主旨，再判斷。通過分析全文結(jié)構(gòu)可知，第一段闡述了大數(shù)據(jù)的定義，第二段說明了大數(shù)據(jù)的潛力，第三段討論了大數(shù)據(jù)的潛力，第四段舉例說明大數(shù)據(jù)的局限性，第五段強(qiáng)調(diào)了合理使用大數(shù)據(jù)的重要性。因此，作者的寫作目的是：告訴人們各行業(yè)只有合理使用大數(shù)據(jù)才能從中受益。歸納全文主旨，找出最佳標(biāo)題。通過對全文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，作者分析了使用大數(shù)據(jù)的利弊，并且在文末強(qiáng)調(diào)合理使用大數(shù)據(jù)的重要性，由此可見，作者對于大數(shù)據(jù)是持有審慎態(tài)度的，從而可以判斷答案為C。難詞理解Intoday’sclimate,industriesoftenta