【畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)】基于單片機(jī)水塔水位控制系統(tǒng)(整理版)

【精品文檔】世界上，成功的有兩種人，一種人是傻子，一種人是瘋子。傻子是會(huì)吃虧的人，瘋子是會(huì)行動(dòng)的人！摘要水塔是在日常生活和工業(yè)應(yīng)用中經(jīng)常見(jiàn)到的蓄水裝置，基于單片機(jī)的水塔水位控制系統(tǒng)使水塔水位自動(dòng)保持在一定的位置，通過(guò)對(duì)其水位的控制對(duì)外供水，以滿足需要。該系統(tǒng)使用水位傳感器對(duì)水塔水位進(jìn)行檢測(cè)并將檢測(cè)到的信號(hào)傳給單片機(jī)STC89C52進(jìn)行處理，通過(guò)調(diào)整定時(shí)器的定時(shí)時(shí)間來(lái)增大或者縮小占空比，并采用C語(yǔ)言編寫(xiě)控制程序，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)電機(jī)的調(diào)速。最后，使用帶字庫(kù)的LCD1602液晶屏顯示當(dāng)前水位狀態(tài)以及電動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速。該系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了過(guò)低水位蜂鳴器鳴笛報(bào)警、過(guò)低警戒水位自動(dòng)處理、正常水位蜂鳴器鳴笛報(bào)警以及正常水位處理、手動(dòng)按鍵調(diào)整PWM(PulseWidthModulation)電機(jī)調(diào)速等功能。本系統(tǒng)適應(yīng)在不同的用水場(chǎng)合下的用水速度需要，節(jié)省工作時(shí)間，提高了整體工作的效率，實(shí)現(xiàn)水塔水位的自動(dòng)控制。關(guān)鍵詞：?jiǎn)纹瑱C(jī)控制；水位檢測(cè)；LCD1602顯示；PWM電機(jī)調(diào)速

ABSTRACTThewatertoweriscommonlyseenindailylifeandindustrialasapplicationofstoragedevice.Thesystemisbasedonsingle-chipmicrocomputercontrolsystemhelptokeepwatertowersincertainwaterlevelandaccordingtotheautomaticlevelofcontroltosupplytheneedsofwater.WaterlevelsensorisusedfortowersontheexaminationdetectsignalandtransferthesignaltoSTC89C52,throughtheadjustmentofthetimetoincreaseornarrowthedutyratio,andusingClanguageprogram,soastorealizethecompilationcontrolofmotorspeed.Finally,currentlevelsandmotorspeedareshownwith1602LCDscreeninthissystem.Thissystemrealizesthebuzzerlowlevelalarm,lowwhistlewarninglevelautomaticprocessing,normallevelalarmornormalwaterbuzzersirensandmanualbuttonsPulseWidthModulation.Thissystemrealizestheautomaticcontrolindifferentwatersituationofwatertosavetheworkingtime,speed,andalsoimprovestheoverallefficiencyofwatertowers.KeyWords：SCMcontrol;Waterdetection;LCD1602display;PWMmotorspeed;

目錄1 引言 附錄二程序源代碼#include<reg51.h>#defineuintunsignedint#defineucharunsignedcharsbitled=P0^1;//led燈顯示,低電平亮sbitspeaker=P1^0;//蜂鳴器，低電平報(bào)警sbitlcd_rs=P0^7;//1602數(shù)據(jù)選擇命令端sbitlcd_rw=P0^6; //1602讀寫(xiě)選擇端sbitlcd_enable=P0^5;//1602使能端定義sbitkey_up=P3^0;//pwm速度調(diào)整端口，電機(jī)速度加一sbitkey_down=P3^1; //pwm速度調(diào)整端口，電機(jī)速度減一sbitmonter=P1^1;//電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)端口，pwm控制輸出sbitwater_normal=P1^6;//水位過(guò)高傳感器模擬按鍵端口，低電平報(bào)警sbitwater_low=P1^7;//水位過(guò)低傳感器模擬按鍵端口，低電平報(bào)警ucharcodepwm_t[]={45,90,100,130};//模式下的pwm值，人為已經(jīng)設(shè)定的時(shí)間是100，可以調(diào)整上限值uintmodel=1,pwmT=150,time_count=0;voidkey_scan();//按鍵掃描函數(shù)voidcheck_water_level();//檢測(cè)水位是否正常函數(shù)voiddelay(uintz) //延時(shí)函數(shù){uintx,y;for(x=z;x>0;x--)for(y=110;y>0;y--);}//*******************1602液晶顯示函數(shù)************************// voidlcd_write_comd(ucharcomd) //1602寫(xiě)指令函數(shù){lcd_rs=0;//選擇指令lcd_rw=0;//選擇寫(xiě) delay(5); P2=comd;//取命令delay(8); lcd_enable=1;//使能有效 delay(8); lcd_enable=0;}voidlcd_write_data(uchardate)//1602寫(xiě)數(shù)據(jù)函數(shù){ lcd_rs=1; //選擇數(shù)據(jù)lcd_rw=0; //選擇寫(xiě)操作 delay(5); P2=date; //取數(shù)據(jù)操作 delay(8); lcd_enable=1; //使能有效 delay(8); lcd_enable=0;}voidlcd_set_xy(ucharx,uchary)//定位具體位置{uintaddress;if(y==1)address=0x80+x; //第一行的位置 else address=0xc0+x; //第二行的位置 lcd_write_comd(address);}voidlcd_write_char(ucharx,uchary,uchardate) //寫(xiě)一個(gè)字符函數(shù){ lcd_set_xy(x,y); //設(shè)定位置 lcd_write_data(date); //寫(xiě)入數(shù)據(jù)}voidlcd_write_string(ucharx,uchary,uchar*s) //寫(xiě)一個(gè)字符串函數(shù){ lcd_set_xy(x,y); //設(shè)定位置while(*s) //循環(huán)寫(xiě)入數(shù)據(jù) { lcd_write_data(*s); s++; } }//********電機(jī)PWM調(diào)速函數(shù)及程序主函數(shù)*******//voidinit() //初始化函數(shù){ uchari,count=25; led=1; //開(kāi)機(jī)led燈閃爍for(i=0;i<15;i++){ led=~led; delay(count); count=count+5; }led=0; lcd_write_comd(0x38);//設(shè)置16*2行顯示，5*7點(diǎn)陣，8位數(shù)據(jù)接口lcd_write_comd(0x0c);//開(kāi)顯示lcd_write_comd(0x01);//清屏lcd_write_comd(0x80);//設(shè)定初始位置lcd_write_string(0,1,"WaterLev:Normal");lcd_write_string(0,0,"MonterSpeed:1");speaker=0; //蜂鳴器鳴響一聲delay(1000);speaker=1; TMOD=0X02; //定時(shí)0，定時(shí)時(shí)間為150us，工作在方式2TH0=(256-150)%256; TL0=TH0;EA=1; //開(kāi)總中斷ET0=1; //開(kāi)定時(shí)器0的中斷TR0=0; //定時(shí)器0不啟動(dòng)}voidmain()//主函數(shù){init();while(1) { key_scan(); check_water_level();//檢測(cè)水位是否正常函數(shù) }}voidtimre_0()interrupt1 //定時(shí)器0的中斷子函數(shù){time_count++;if(time_count==pwmT) //和PWM脈寬的時(shí)間比較，時(shí)間到了定時(shí)器清零，重新開(kāi)始{time_count=0;}if(time_count<pwm_t[model-1]) //當(dāng)計(jì)數(shù)器在PWM定制時(shí)間內(nèi)的時(shí)候，輸出相關(guān)的pwm控制信號(hào){ monter=0; }else { monter=1; }}voidcheck_water_level()//檢測(cè)水位是否正常函數(shù){uchari; if(water_normal==0) //水位是否正常狀態(tài)檢測(cè) {led=1; TR0=0; monter=1; //關(guān)閉電機(jī) speaker=0; //蜂鳴器報(bào)警 lcd_write_string(0,1,"WaterLev:Normal");//液晶屏顯示 for(i=0;i<20;i++) //燈閃爍報(bào)警 { led=~led; delay(100); } led=0; speaker=1; } if(water_low==0) //水位過(guò)低檢測(cè) {led=1; TR0=1; //開(kāi)啟電機(jī) monter=0; speaker=0; //蜂鳴器報(bào)警 lcd_write_string(0,1,"WaterLev:Low");//液晶屏顯示 for(i=0;i<20;i++)//燈閃爍報(bào)警 { led=~led; delay(100); } led=0; speaker=1; }}voidkey_scan() //按鍵掃描函數(shù){uchari;if(key_up==0) //檢測(cè)是否增加按鍵按下 {delay(15); if(key_up==0) {TR0=0; //有按鍵按下，電機(jī)一定要停止轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng) model++; //pwm速度定制值調(diào)整加大 if(model==5) model=1; i=model+0x30; lcd_write_char(14,0,i);//液晶顯示變化 while(!key_up); //按鍵是否釋放檢測(cè) } } if(key_down==0) //檢測(cè)是否減少