2022屆初中英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)重難點題型講解訓(xùn)練專題12閱讀理解之綜合拓展含解析

PAGE專題12閱讀理解之綜合拓展Part1考情分析中考英語“閱讀理解”題主要是考查考生綜合運用所學(xué)語言知識的能力。很多同學(xué)在做題時常常有一種“讀得懂做不對”的感覺。那么有必要對閱讀理解這種題型及其解題技巧作一些簡要的分析。首先，中考試題中的閱讀文章題材多樣(涉及政治經(jīng)濟、社會文化、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、歷史、地理、科學(xué)技術(shù)等各個方面)，體裁形式豐富(包括記敘文、說明文、議論文、應(yīng)用文以及新聞報道、廣告、通知、操作說明、表格等)，這就需要考生在平時對各方面的文章都有所訓(xùn)練，迎合中考命題趨勢。其次，閱讀理解主要是考查考生綜合運用所學(xué)語言知識的能力，對書面語言的理解能力，尤其是獲取信息的能力。在閱讀技巧上，考生要了解文章的個別詞或句子、文章的某細節(jié)或情節(jié)、文章的主題、文章的背景知識、文章的結(jié)論或結(jié)局、文章內(nèi)涵的寓意等。Part2解題思路1.先讀問題，弄清考查要點，以便能帶著問題看文章，這樣會心中有數(shù)，有的放矢。2.快速瀏覽全文，掌握全貌，注意發(fā)現(xiàn)與問題有關(guān)的信息，如果時間緊，至少要掃視一下起首段和尾段。再把標題和文章內(nèi)容結(jié)合起來想一想，這樣全文大意便清楚了。此時，不要忙于答題。3.細讀原文，捕捉相關(guān)信息詞，掌握短文細節(jié)內(nèi)容。這是解題的關(guān)鍵，應(yīng)特別注意以下幾點：1）抓住四個"W"和一個"H"，就是邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標記，把What(事件)，When（時間），Where（地點），Why（原因），How（經(jīng)過）劃出來。抓住了四個“W”和一個“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的問題便可解決。2）抓住連接詞及起關(guān)鍵作用的副詞、代詞、介詞、插入語等。因為這些詞具有因果，讓步，遞進，轉(zhuǎn)折，指代，列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功能。這對考生分清文章層次，辨明各種關(guān)系，了解人物心理，推斷作者意圖，進行邏輯推理等手段來分析難點，都具有舉足輕重的作用。3）注意領(lǐng)會文章的寓意。4）根據(jù)題意，初選答案。這一步須仔細審題，領(lǐng)會測試要求，確定解題方法。對那些明顯的，有把握的題可以斷然確定，不必把其余三個答案再作推敲而浪費時間：有些略難的題，應(yīng)再查閱短文（不是重讀一遍），迅速找出依據(jù)，予以排除。3）重讀原文，仔細斟酌核對答案。在解完最后一道題后，如果時間允許，再將原文讀一遍；用全文的主題思想統(tǒng)率各思考題，研究其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系，目的在于對所做答案進一步審查，推出未解答的題，以便減少失誤。Part2常見題型1.主旨大意題閱讀理解是對整個文章的目的、意圖、觀點、立場、態(tài)度以及內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系的理解，而不是斷章取義的一孔之見，所以統(tǒng)覽全篇和問題是很有必要的，這些問題會給你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要細節(jié)。在統(tǒng)覽全篇的同時要注意抓住文章的中心大意，捕捉主題句，因為一些顯性的答案是可以從主題句中直接回答，而隱性的答案則是要通過對全篇的理解才能得出。主題句一般具有以下特征：①概括全段思想。②一般位于段首、段尾或位于段中，它通常是用單詞、短語表達的。③解這種題目時，不能只憑文中的只言片語而斷章取義，需要在細讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合所學(xué)語言知識、背景知識、生活常識等推理、判斷，從而獲取文章中內(nèi)隱的信息。主旨題常見的命題形式：①Themainideaofthistextmaybe…….②Thispassageismainlyabout…….③Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthistext…….④Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?⑤What’sthetopicofthetext?⑥Thepassagegivesusis…...2.推斷題這種題目有一定難度，往往不能直接從文中找到答案，而必須根據(jù)上下文及其相互間的關(guān)系或?qū)φ恼逻M行深層理解后，才能找到答案。有時甚至還得聯(lián)系作者的態(tài)度、觀點、意圖、語氣等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理，這些題目一般都是深層意義的題目，他們沒有明示，大多數(shù)屬于模糊性的，甚至是模棱兩可。解答這類題時，要求同學(xué)予以高度重視注意從話題出發(fā)，充分運用自己的邏輯思維能力，從文章的內(nèi)在含義和字里行間中，從作者的態(tài)度和取向中獲取信息，做出正確的判斷。應(yīng)特別注意以下特征：①吃透文章的表層意思，是推理的前提和基礎(chǔ);②推理的根據(jù)來自于上下文;③不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點;④在提問中常用的詞有suggest,mean,infer(推斷),fromthefact,indicate(暗示)conclusion，probably，likely，reason，because，accordingto"等。推斷題常有的命題形式：①Itcanbeknownfromthetextthat….②Fromthetextweknowthat….③Thestoryimpliesthat….④Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablybe….⑤Thewritersuggeststhat….3.事實細節(jié)題在閱讀理解題中，又有相當(dāng)一部分屬于事實或細節(jié)題，下面僅就這類題的正確解法作簡要說明。首先是直接理解性題目，這種題目比較簡單，只要通讀全文，了解文中所敘述的重要事實或細節(jié)，就可以解答出來，有的甚至可以從文章的原句中直接找到答案;另外還有一些題目要求對文中個別難詞、關(guān)鍵詞、詞組或句子作出解釋或需要對有關(guān)的上下文提供的語境和信息、甚至對整篇文章的內(nèi)容建立準確、立體的理解和判斷。4.猜測詞義題這類問題主要考察學(xué)生兩方面能力。根據(jù)上下文推測和判斷生詞、短語或句子在閱讀材料中的含義，即利用我們所熟悉的詞或短語和上下文中的已知部分進行邏輯上的推理，有時還需依靠常識和經(jīng)驗。猜詞的活動是閱讀中經(jīng)常遇到的，閱讀理解題目中的作為干擾項出現(xiàn)的錯誤選項，一般多是學(xué)生比較熟悉、想當(dāng)然的詞典意義，或者適應(yīng)學(xué)生習(xí)慣的漢語思維方式;而正確的含義往往不只是詞典上的，而是要通過上下文內(nèi)容的提示才能確定的。解這類題時應(yīng)注意以下特點：①注意一些過渡詞語，如thatis,thisis,inotherwords等，它們直接引出了同義解釋；②注意連接詞及被猜測的詞前后的因果，讓步，遞進，轉(zhuǎn)折，列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功能。③注意同義詞、近義詞、反義詞、同位語、定語從句，相似或相反的結(jié)構(gòu)等。④對于句中首字母或全部是大寫的單詞,應(yīng)該猜出可能是專有名詞(人名、地名、組織等)，因此拼讀有時是最合適的方法?！纠}】Englishhasbecomeagloballanguage．Sowhichcountry，notincludingEnglish-speakingcountries，speaksEnglishbetter？AndwheredoesChinarank（排名）？ASwedishlanguageeducationcompanypublishedtheirreportthismonth．TheNetherlands（荷蘭）rankedfirst，followedbyDenmarkandSweden．ThesearebasedonEnglishlisteningandreadingtestresultsof950，000peoplefrom72countriesandareas．Accordingtothereport，Chinaisranking39th．Outofthewholecountry，peopleinShanghaiarethebestEnglishspeakers．TheyspeakbetterEnglishthanItaliansandFrench．HongKongandBeijingfollowShanghaiasChina'snextbestEnglish-speakingcities．ShanghaiandBeijingrankhighbecausetheyareinternationalcities．However，acrossChina，Englishabilityisdifferentfromeasttowest．NowChinahas400millionEnglishlearners．However，theteachingofEnglishinsomeareasisnotverygood．AccordingtoPeopleDailyOnline，therearesevenprimaryschoolsinatowninHunanprovince，butonlyoneEnglishteacher．ManystudentsstilllearnEnglishbyrote．SebastianMagnusson，anofficerattheSwedishEmbassy（大使館）inBeijing，gavesomeadvice．SwedishpeoplespeakEnglishwellandMagnussonhimselfisalsogoodatChinese．HesaidTVprograms，moviesandevencomputergamescouldbelearningtools．"Donotlimitittotextbooks．Whatmattersmostistousewhatyou'velearnt，"Magnussonalsosaid．（1）WhatcountryrankedfirstofEnglishabilityinthepassage？A．Sweden．B．Denmark．C．TheUnitedStatesD．TheNetherlands．（2）WhichcityhasthebestEnglishspeakersinChina？A．Beijing．B．Shanghai．C．HongKong．D．Chengdu．（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"byrote"mean？A．死記硬背B．融會貫通C．熟能生巧D．望文生義（4）Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingistrue？A．ChinesepeoplehavehighlevelsofEnglish．B．MemorizationisagoodwaytolearnEnglish．C．SomeChineseschoolsareshortofEnglishteachers．D．HalfoftheChinesepopulationislearningEnglishnow．（5）WhatcanwetellfromMagnusson'swords？A．Englishisdifficultforyoungerstudentstolearn．B．LearningEnglishfromtextbooksisnotagoodmethod．C．Learnersshouldputwhattheyhavelearnedtopractice．D．Learnersshouldgethelpfromtheirteachersandparents．【點金】文章介紹了英語在世界各地的分布，并介紹了中國各個城市學(xué)英語的情況。1．D細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)TheNetherlands（荷蘭）rankedfirst，可知荷蘭排名第一，故選D．2．B細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)peopleinShanghaiarethebestEnglishspeakers，可知在中國，上海人說英語最好，故選B．3．A詞義猜測題，根據(jù)ManystudentsstilllearnEnglish…許多學(xué)生仍然通過…來學(xué)習(xí)英語．結(jié)合語境缺少英語老師，所以學(xué)生沒有更好的學(xué)習(xí)方法，推出劃線單詞的意思是"死記硬背"，故選A．4．C細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)AccordingtoPeopleDailyOnline，therearesevenprimaryschoolsinatowninHunanprovince，butonlyoneEnglishteacher．人民日報網(wǎng)報道，在湖南省的一個小鎮(zhèn)上，有7所小學(xué)，但只有一名英語教師．可知缺少英語老師，故選C．5．C細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)"Donotlimitittotextbooks．Whatmattersmostistousewhatyou'velearnt，""不要把它限制在教科書上．最重要的是使用你所學(xué)到的東西．"，所以學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)該把他們所學(xué)到的知識付諸實踐，故選C．精講精練【例題1】Howfunnywoulditbetoseememes（表情包）intextbooks？SomestudentsfromChengduNo．7HighSchoolhavemadeitcometrue．Thestudentswroteasetofcreativetextbooksthatincludesfivesubjects﹣Chinese，English，maths，chemistryandphysics．TheysharetheirnotestohelpstudentsprepareforHighSchoolEntranceExamsinthisway．Funnymemescanbeseenalmosteverywhereintheirtextbooks．Eachtextbookhasitsownstyle，too．TheEnglishtextbookintroducesfilmsandTVseries．Thechemistrytextbookhaswuxiacharacters．ThereisaboynamedShangguanHuaxueinthebook．Hemeetsagirlandtheylearnchemistrytogether．Italsohaswuxia﹣stylenotes．YanZuhuai，atopstudentatChengduNo．7HighSchool，isthetextbooks'editor﹣in﹣chief（主編）．HegottheideatocreatethebooksinJune，2017．"Manystudentswantedmetosharemynoteswiththem．WhenIsawpeoplesharingbikes，IthoughtIcouldshareknowledge，too．"Yansaid．Butafterputtingallofhisnotestogether,hefoundthemboring．Realizingthathisclassmatesenjoyedonlinenovelsandmemes，hedecidedtoaddthosethingstohisnotes．Hewroteguidelinesforeachtextbookandinvited13studentstojoinhimincreatingthem．Thefinalversions（版本）ofthetextbookscameoutattheendofDecember．Manypublishinghouseshaveshownaninterestinthem．（1）ThissetoftextbooksincludesthefollowingsubjectsEXCEPT________．A．chemistryB．geographyC．physicsD．maths（2）Whatcanwelearnfromthefourthandfifthparagraphs？A．LotsofstudentswantedYantoshareknowledgewiththem．B．Yanisoneoftheworststudentsinhisschool．C．Yaninvitedsomestudentstowriteguidelines．D．Thetextbookswithonlinenovelsandmemesareveryboring．（3）Whatdoesthispassagemainlytellus？A．Yanandhisteamareinterestedinmemes．B．Itisdifficultforstudentstocreatetextbooks．C．Yan'stextbookscanhelpstudentsstudycreatively．D．Yanisapopulareditor﹣in﹣chiefinhisschool．【答案】BAC【解析】1．B．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二行includesfivesubjects﹣Chinese，English，maths，chemistryandphysics．包括五門科目：語文、英語、數(shù)學(xué)、化學(xué)和物理．可知，沒有"地理"．選B．2．A．段意猜測題．根據(jù)第四段"Manystudentswantedmetosharemynoteswiththem．WhenIsawpeoplesharingbikes，IthoughtIcouldshareknowledge，too．"Yansaid．許多學(xué)生希望我和他們分享我的筆記．當(dāng)我看到人們共享自行車時，我想我也可以分享知識．"嚴說．可知，許多學(xué)生希望嚴與他們分享知識．選A．3．C．主旨大意題．根據(jù)第二段第一句Thestudentswroteasetofcreativetextbooks學(xué)生們寫了一套富有創(chuàng)造性的教科書．第五段Butafterputtingallofhisnotestogether，hefoundthemboring．Realizingthathisclassmatesenjoyedonlinenovelsandmemes，hedecidedtoaddthosethingstohisnotes但是他把所有的筆記放在一起后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)它們很無聊．意識到他的同學(xué)們喜歡在線小說和表情包，他決定把這些東西添加到他的學(xué)習(xí)筆記中．可知，嚴的教科書可以幫助學(xué)生創(chuàng)造性地學(xué)習(xí)．選C．【練習(xí)1】BeijingOperaisthemostrepresentativeofallChinesetraditionaldramaticartformsandthelargestChineseoperaform．Havingahistoryofabout200years，itisdevelopedfromabsorbing（吸收）manyotherdramaticforms，mostlyfromthelocaldrama'Huiban'，whichwaspopularinSouthChinaduringthe18thcentury．Itisascenic（戲劇的）artintegratingmusic，performance，literature，aria，andfacepainting．Theatricalartformsinmanyothercountriesdonotpresentsinging，dancingandspokenpartsinonesingledrama．Anoperasinger，forexample，neitherdancesnorspeaksonstage；therearenosingingordancingpartsinamodernplay；inadancedrama，thedancerhasnospeakingroleanddoesnotsingeither．TraditionalChinesedrama，includingBeijingOpera，isakindofentertainmentwhichincludesspokenparts，singing，dancingandacrobatics．InadditiontoitspresenceinChina，BeijingOperahasspreadtomanyotherplaces．MerLanfang，oneofthemostfamousperformers（表演者）ofalltime，wasthefirsttointroduceBeijingOperatoforeignersandmadehighlysuccessfultourstoforeigncountries．"Youwillbepuzzled（困惑）allthewaythroughandalittleboredfromtimetotime；butyouwillbecharmedandinterested．YouwillbestronglyattractedtoBeijingOperaevenifyouknownothingofthedramaticbackground．"ThisishowoneAmericantravellerdescribedhisfirsexperienceinwatchingBeijingOpera．BeijingOperaisChinasnationaloperaanditisfullofChineseculturaltraditions．WelcometoChinaandenjoyBeijingOpera!（1）WhatmakesBeijingOperadifferentfromtheatricalartformsinmanyothercountries？A．Ithasoneoperasingeronstage．B．Ithasonedancerwhohasnospeakingrole．C．Ithasalreadyspreadtomanyothercountries．D．Itincludesspokenparts，singingdancingandacrobatics．（2）PeoplethinkMeiLanfangplayedanimportantroleinthespreadofBeijingOperabecause___________．A．hemademanytoursoaforeigncountryB．hewasafamousBeijingOperaperformerC．hewasthefirsttointroduceBeijingOperatoforeignersD．hemadeBeijingOperadifferentfromothertheatricalartforms．（3）FromParagraph4weknowthattheAmericantraveler_____________.A．feltboredallthewayB．thoughthighlyofBeijingOperaC．foundBeijingOperainterestingatfirstD．knewthebackgroundofBeijingOpera（4）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"meaninthepassage？A．BeijingOperaB．LocaldramaC．AnoperasingerD．Amodernplay【答案】DCBA【解析】1．D細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第2段Theatricalartformsinmanyothercountriesdonotpresentsinging，dancingandspokenpartsinonesingledrama．Anoperasinger，forexample，neitherdancesnorspeaksonstage；therearenosingingordancingpartsinamodernplay；inadancedrama，thedancerhasnospeakingroleanddoesnotsingeither．TraditionalChinesedrama，includingBeijingOpera，isakindofentertainmentwhichincludesspokenparts，singing，dancingandacrobatics．許多國家的戲劇藝術(shù)形式在一個單一的戲劇表演，不存在歌唱、舞蹈和對話部分．例如，歌劇演員既不在舞臺上跳舞也不說話；在現(xiàn)代戲劇中沒有唱歌或跳舞的部分；在舞劇中，舞者沒有說話的機會．中國傳統(tǒng)戲劇，包括北京戲曲，是一種包括口語、歌唱、舞蹈和雜技的娛樂．可知京劇與其它的不同之處是有口語、歌唱、舞蹈和雜技的，故答案D．2．C細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第3段MerLanfang，oneofthemostfamousperformersofalltime，wasthefirsttointroduceBeijingOperatoforeignersandmadehighlysuccessfultourstoforeigncountries．可知MerLanfang是北京歷史上最著名的演員之一，也是第一位向外國人介紹中國京劇及在國外演出非常成功的人，故答案C．3．B細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第4段"Youwillbepuzzledallthewaythroughandalittleboredfromtimetotime；butyouwillbecharmedandinterested．YouwillbestronglyattractedtoBeijingOperaevenifyouknownothingofthedramaticbackground．"ThisishowoneAmericantravellerdescribedhisfirsexperienceinwatchingBeijingOpera．"一路上你會感到困惑，有時會感到厭煩，但你會被吸引．即使你對戲劇背景一無所知，你也會被京劇深深吸引．"這是一位美國旅行者如何描述他第一次觀看京劇的經(jīng)歷．可知給予了京劇高度的評價，故答案B．4．A細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的BeijingOperaisChinasnationaloperaanditisfullofChineseculturaltraditions京劇是中國民族的歌劇，它充滿了中國文化傳統(tǒng)可知it指的是京劇，故答案A．【例題2】DearLiHua，How'severythinggoing？Congratulationsonyourgraduationfromjuniorhighschool!Ihopeyouhaveagreattimeduringtheholiday，butthereissomethingimportantforyoutothinkabout﹣aplanforyourpersonalgrowth．Hereissomeadviceforyou．Firstly，studyyourself．Understandwhatyoulike，whatyouvalueandwhatyouwanttobe．Instudyingyourself，youcheckyourstrengths（長處）andweaknesses．Findoutwhatyouneedtoprepareforyourdreamjob．Secondly，writedownyourplan．Whenwriting，youcantryusingMindMaps（思維導(dǎo)圖）．Itisagoodwaytohelpyoutothinkmoreclearly．Andyoumayfindaproperwaytoworkyourplanout．Thirdly，gooveryourplanwithyourteachers，parentsorfriends．Theymaygiveyousomeadvice．Thinkcarefullyabouttheiradviceandmakesomechangestoyourplanifnecessary．Andthenyoucangoonwithit．Finally，（4）．Forexample，ifyouwanttobeanEnglishteacherinthefuture，youshouldspendmoretimereadingEnglishbooks，learningmoreaboutEnglishcultureandpracticingyourlisteningandspeakingfromnowon．Youcanmakeyourdreamcometrueonlythroughhardwork．Youmayfinditdifficulttomaketheplannow．Don'tworry．Allyouneedisjustarough（粗略的）one．Onceyouentertheseniorhighschool，you'llgetachancetomakeitbetterwiththehelpofyourteachers．Andyourpersonalgrowthplanmaychangewithyourage，yourinterestsandthesocialdevelopment．SotakeyourtimeandIbelieveyouwillgrowintoanexcellentyoungman．Bestwishes!Yours,LiFang（1）Theunderlinedword"study"inParagraph3probablymeans"_________"inChinese．A．學(xué)習(xí)B．審視C．幫助D．調(diào)查（2）WhichofthefollowingcanbethemissingpartinParagraph6？A．plantofindajobB．trytobeanEnglishteacherC．practiceEnglishD．workhardtorealizeyourdream（3）Accordingtothepassage，apersonalgrowthplaninyourlifetimemaychangewiththefollowingthingsexcept___________．A．yourMindMapsB．yourageC．socialdevelopmentD．yourinterests（4）Intheletter，LiFangmainlywantstotellLiHua__________．A．howtospendtheholidayhappilyB．howtoprepareforhisdreamjobC．howtomakehispersonalgrowthplanD．howtoreviewtheplanwithhisfriends【答案】DDAC【解析】1．D詞義猜測題．根據(jù)后句Understandwhatyoulike，whatyouvalueandwhatyouwanttobe．Instudyingyourself，youcheckyourstrengths（長處）andweaknesses．了解你喜歡什么，你看重什么，你想成為什么樣的人．在研究自己時，你要檢查自己的優(yōu)缺點．可知結(jié)合選項，應(yīng)說調(diào)查自己．所以study意為調(diào)查．故選D．2．D細節(jié)推理題．根據(jù)后句Forexample，ifyouwanttobeanEnglishteacherinthefuture，youshouldspendmoretimereadingEnglishbooks，learningmoreaboutEnglishcultureandpracticingyourlisteningandspeakingfromnowon．Youcanmakeyourdreamcometrueonlythroughhardwork．例如，如果你將來想成為一名英語老師，你應(yīng)該花更多的時間讀英語書，學(xué)習(xí)更多關(guān)于英語文化的知識，從現(xiàn)在開始練習(xí)你的聽力和口語．只有通過努力，你才能實現(xiàn)你的夢想．可知結(jié)合選項，應(yīng)說努力實現(xiàn)你的夢想．故選D．3．A細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)最后一段句子Onceyouentertheseniorhighschool，you'llgetachancetomakeitbetterwiththehelpyourteachers．Andyourpersonalgrowthplanmaychangewithyourage，yourinterestsandthesocialdevelopment．SotakeyourtimeandIbelieveyouwillgrowintoanexcellentyoungman．一旦你進入高中，你就有機會在老師的幫助下做得更好．你的個人成長計劃可能會隨著你的年齡、興趣和社會發(fā)展而改變．所以慢慢來，我相信你會成長為一個優(yōu)秀的年輕人．可知根據(jù)這篇文章，你一生中的個人成長計劃可能會隨著以下事情而改變，除了你的思維導(dǎo)圖．故選A．4．C主旨歸納題．根據(jù)這篇文章內(nèi)容及其第二段句子Ihopeyouhaveagreattimeduringtheholiday，butthereissomethingimportantforyoutothinkaboutaplanforyourpersonalgrowth.我希望你在假期里過得愉快，但是有一些重要的事情需要你去思考一個關(guān)于你個人成長的計劃．可知信中，李方主要想告訴李華如何制定個人成長計劃．故選C．【練習(xí)2】Toraisesnails（蝸牛）well，youneedtospray（噴）watertothecontainer（容器）everymorningandevening，changesoileverytwoweeks，andfeedthemwithvegetablesandsweetfruits，"saidSunYouxiangafterraisingsnailsforoneyear．Heisafourth-gradeprimaryschoolstudentinHangzhou，ZhejiangProvince．Fromthreewhitejadesnailsattheverybeginningtomorethansixtysnailsoffourgenerations（代）now，hehasdoneagreatjobforhisscienceclass．Watchingthereproduction（繁殖）ofanimalsisanuncommonexperienceforkids．Theircreativity，patienceandrespect（尊重）forlifewillbedevelopedastheylearntotakecareofanimalsontheirown．Sun'steachersaidthejobservedasagoodexampleoflifeeducation．Practiceisanecessarystepinlearninganditwillbenefitthekidsforalifetime．Lifeeducationallowskidstoknowhowtolivewithnatureandcreatures（生物）inafriendlyway．Startingfromthisyear．sciencewillbecomeanimportantsubjectasChineseandmathinprimaryschoolsinordertoimprovestudents'knowledgeaboutthethingsaroundus．Becauseofcuriosity（好奇心），morekidswillbewillingtowatchandthinkthroughpractising．Itwilladdtoourknowledgeoftheworldinthelongrun．（1）WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaboutSunYouxiang？A．Heisgoodatraisingsnails．B．Hemakesalotofmoneybyraisingsnails．C．Raisingsnailsisaninterestingexperienceforhim．D．Hebecomescreativeandpatientthroughtakingcareofsnails．（2）Theunderlinedword"benefit"inParagraph2means__________．A．hurtB．protectC．begoodforD．bepopularwith（3）InParagraph3，"Lifeeducationallowskidstoknowhowtolivewithnatureandcreaturesinafriendlyway"means________．A．natureandcreaturesarefriendlytokidsB．lifeeducationcanmakekidsmorefriendlyC．lifeeducationtellskidshowtomakefriendsD．lifeeducationtellskidshowtogetonwellwithnatureandcreatures（4）WhatdoesSunYouxiang'steacherthinkofhisjob？A．Ittakestoomuchtime．B．Itwasteslotsofmoney．C．Itcan'thelpwithSun'sstudy．D．Itservesasagoodexampleoflifeeducation．（5）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？A．Howtoraisesnails．B．Patience，thekeytosuccess．C．Theimportanceoflifeeducation．D．Howtothinkthroughpractising．【答案】BCDDC【解析】1．B細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第一段Toraisesnails（蝸牛）well，youneedtospray（噴）watertothecontainer（容器）everymorningandevening，changesoileverytwoweeks，andfeedthemwithvegetablesandsweetfruits．"saidSunYouxiangafterraisingsnailsforoneyear．Heisafourth﹣gradeprimaryschoolstudentinHangzhou．ZhejiangProvince．為了更好地養(yǎng)蝸牛，你需要每天早上和晚上把水噴到容器里，每兩周換一次土壤，然后用蔬菜和甜果喂它們．"孫有翔養(yǎng)蝸牛是非常擅長的，故A正確；根據(jù)第二段Watchingthereproductionofanimalsisanuncommonexperienceforkids．觀察動物的繁殖對孩子來說是不尋常的經(jīng)歷，可知對他來說也是一個不同尋常的經(jīng)歷，故C正確；結(jié)合第二段Theircreativity，patienceandrespectforlifewillbedevelopedastheylearntotakecareofanimalsontheirown他們的創(chuàng)造力、耐心和對生命的尊重會隨著他們學(xué)會照顧自己的動物而發(fā)展起來，可知D正確，B沒有提到掙很多錢，故答案是B．2．C詞義猜測題，根據(jù)文中的前面Practiceisanecessarystepinlearningand實踐是學(xué)習(xí)過程中必不可少的一步，后面對于孩子來說，應(yīng)該是終身受益，故答案是C．3．D句子翻譯題，根據(jù)文中的Lifeeducationallowskidstoknowhowtolivewithnatureandcreaturesinafriendlyway．生命教育讓孩子們懂得如何與大自然和生物友好相處．可知與D相吻合，故答案是D．4．D細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第三段Sunsteachersaidthejobservedasagoodexampleoflifeeducation，可知孫老師說，這項工作是一個很好的例子，故答案是D．5．C主旨歸納題，根據(jù)文中的最后一段Lifeeducationallowskidstoknowhowtolivewithnatureandcreaturesinafriendlyway．生命教育讓孩子們懂得如何與大自然和生物友好相處，可知結(jié)合文章主要通這觀察蝸牛的生活面引出生命教育的重要性，故答案是C．【例題3】Fromayoungage,I'vehadareallydeepconnectionwithbeingoutside．I'vebeenskiingSinceIwaseightornineyearsold．I'vebeenonexpeditions（探險）inmanyplaceslikeChina，Pakistanandsoon．Butitwasinmyhomecountry，theUSA，thatIcameclosesttodeath．ItwasApril1,2011．IwasskiingintheTetonswithmyfriendsJeremyandXavier，bothexperiencedsnowboarders．Thatday，Iwasthelastpersontoski．Theywerewatchingmefromasafearea．Suddenly，Iheardsomeonecryloudly．Iturnedaroundandsawthewholemountainstarttomovebehindme．Itwasamassiveavalanche（大雪崩）．Thekindofavalanchethatdestroystrees，cars，buses,evenhouses!Tensofthousandsoftonsofsnowwerecomingstraightdownthemountainbehindme．Ifeltthesnowpushmeforward，hundredsofmeters，andthencoverme．ItwassoheavythatIcouldn'tbreathe．Andthenitpushedmeforwardagainandup，outofthesnowpack．Ilookedaround,andforafewsecondsIactuallystoppedbeingterrified．Ihadamomenttopauseandtolookatthepoweroftheavalanche．Ilookeddownintothebottomofthevalley（峽谷）．Icouldseetreesthatwere30mtall，becauseIwassofaraway，theylookedtinytome．"OK，I'mgoingallthewaytothebottom!"Ithought．Thenthesnowpushedmeagaindownthemountainanother450m．Ithoughttheforceofthesnowwoulddestroyme，itwaspowerful．Butintheend，IfelttheavalancheslowdownandIjustpopped（迸出）rightoutofthesnowatthebottomofthevalley．IttookJeremyandXavierabout20minutestoreachme．Therewasapileofdebris（碎片）acrossthebottomofthemountain300mwide.Theycouldn'tbelieveitwhentheysawme．Iwassolucky．Hastheexperiencechangedme？DoIthinkaboutlifedifferently？Idon'tknow,maybe.ButIdoknowthatit'simportanttoliveyourlifewithmeaning．Lifeisagift，souseitwisely．（1）Whatimpressedthewritermostinhisskiingexperienceis__________．A．thepowerofsnowB．thesightofthevalleyC．thedangerofpoppingD．theluckofhisexpedition（2）Theunderlinedword'they'refersto__________．A．themountainsB．thetreesC．JeremyandXavierD．Pilesofdebris（3）Fromthepassage，it'struethat_________．A．thewritercameclosesttodeathwhenheskiedinPakistanB．theavalanchepushedthewriterdownabout300mawayC．thewriter'sfriendswatchedhimatthebottomofthevalleyD．thewritercouldn'tbreathebecauseoftheweightofthesnow（4）Thewriterwasthrownoutofthesnowwhen__________．A．hisfriendsreachedforhimB．hewaspushedtothebottomC．theavalanchestartedtoslowdownD．thesnowdrovehimforwardagain（5）Accordingtothewriter，__________．A．hisexperienceandhisfriendshavechangedhimB．it'simpossibletoknowtheforceofsnowC．oneshouldnotliveameaninglesslifeD．hedoesn'tmindthematteroflifeordeath【答案】ABDBC【解析】1．A細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第2段Ilookedaround，andforafewsecondsIactuallystoppedbeingterrified．Ihadamomenttopauseandtolookatthepoweroftheavalanche．我環(huán)顧四周，幾秒鐘后，我就不再害怕了．我有片刻的停頓，看看雪崩的力量可知本文主要是通過描述這場事故，即雪崩的力量給作者留下的深刻的印象，故答案是A．2．B詞義猜測題，根據(jù)文中的Icouldseetreesthatwere30mtall，becauseIwassofaraway，theylookedtinytome．我能看到30米高的樹，因為我離他們太遠，對我來說它們看起來很小可知they指的是那些樹，故答案是B．3．D細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第2段Ifeltthesnowpushmeforward，hundredsofmeters，andthencoverme．ItwassoheavythatIcouldn'tbreathe.我感覺到雪把我推向幾百米，然后蓋上我．它太重了以至于我不能呼吸可知D正確，故答案是D．4．B細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的第3段Thenthesnowpushedmeagaindownthemountainanother450m．可知然后雪又把我推下了山，故答案是B．5．C細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中的最后一段ButIdoknowthatit'simportanttoliveyourlifewithmeaning但我知道重要的是讓你的生活充滿意義，可知每個人都應(yīng)該有意義地活著，故答案是C．課后作業(yè)InAmerica，boysandgirlsoftenjoinclubs．Themembersofaclubworktogether．Theyalsolearncertainskillsandsharegoodtimes．ManyboysbelongtoBoyScouts．Boyscoutsenjoyhikingandcampingouttogether，