重難點(diǎn)考前沖刺10主謂一致-2023年中考英語專練（江蘇專用）

考前沖刺10主謂一致（建議用時(shí)：20分鐘）命題趨勢主謂一致即謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上要和主語保持一致，主謂一致包括語法一致、意義一致和就近一致，語法一致即謂語動(dòng)詞在單復(fù)數(shù)形式上要和主語保持一致，意義一致就是謂語動(dòng)詞要和主語意義上的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致，就近一致就是謂語動(dòng)詞要和靠近它的主語部分保持一致?！爸髦^一致”命題趨勢涉及名詞單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)作主語、不可數(shù)名詞作主語、不定代詞作主語、并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語、特殊名詞作主語時(shí)與謂語動(dòng)詞數(shù)的一致等。以單選、完型、回答問題、語法填空、書面表達(dá)等題型中出現(xiàn)。滿分技巧主謂一致指“人稱”和“數(shù)”方面的一致關(guān)系。對(duì)大多數(shù)人來說，往往會(huì)在掌握主語和隨后的謂語動(dòng)詞之間的一致問題上遇到困難。一般情況下，主謂之間的一致關(guān)系由以下三個(gè)原則的支配：語法一致原則、意義一致原則和就近原則。找到句子的主語，根據(jù)主語的單復(fù)數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)，確定動(dòng)詞的形式;謂語動(dòng)詞遵循單數(shù)主語用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞，復(fù)數(shù)主語用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞的原則。小試牛刀單項(xiàng)選擇( )1.―MyparentsarecrazyaboutRunningMan.Howaboutyourparents?-mydadmymomlikesit.ButtheypreferOdetoJoy.A.Notonly...butalsoB.Both...and...C.Either...or D.Neither...nor( )2.Goodnews!98percentoftheclasstheexamsuccessfullyalready.A.haspassed B.haspast C.havepassed D.havepast( )3.Wearenotsurewhentherain.WhentherainwewillgoonworkingAwillstop,stopsB.stops,willstopC.willstop,willstopD.stops,stops( )4.Whereandwhen-theconcertplace?A.was,takenB.did.takeC.has,takenD.hasbeentaken( )5.1wantamobilephonewhichgoodpictures( )6.Chinesebymoreandmoreforeignersnowadays.A.learnB.learned C.islearnedD.waslearned( )7.---Ithasbeen20yearssincewecamebacktoLiangshan.-Howtimeflies!Weinourhometownfbrsuchalongtime.A.workB.workedC.hasworkedD.haveworked( )8.EarthDayin1970fbrthefirsttime,andthedaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190countriesandregionsA.celebrated B.wascelebratedC.iscelebrated D.hasbeencelebrated()9.Jerrythebookonthedesk,andtohermotherthathehadfinishedreadingit.A.laid;lainB.lied,laid C.lay;lay D.laid;lied( )10.Thewordsyoushouldpayattentiontoontheblackboard.A.writing B.arewrittenC.towriteD.write【答案】【解析】1.句意：一我父母對(duì)RunningMan很著迷。你父母呢？-我爸爸和我媽媽都不喜歡它。他們更喜歡《歡樂頌》。本句考查主謂一致中就近原則：notonly...butalso...不但…而且…，neither...nor…既不…也不…，both...and…兩者都；notonly...butalso…和neither...not…連接兩個(gè)并列成分時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上要用就近原則；結(jié)合預(yù)猜句意"我父母對(duì)RunningMan很著迷.你父母呢？我爸爸和我媽媽都不喜歡它.他們更喜歡《歡樂頌》”可知，要填”既不…也不…”，其它選項(xiàng)語意不通。故選A。.句意：好消息！全班98%的學(xué)生已經(jīng)成功通過了考試。本題考查主謂一致的考點(diǎn)，題眼是theclass這里指的是“全班同學(xué)”，是本句的主語，所以動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。故選C。.句意：我們不能肯定雨什么時(shí)候會(huì)停。當(dāng)雨停的時(shí)候，我們將繼續(xù)工作。本題考查時(shí)態(tài)的替代性原則。第一句是when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句“什么時(shí)候雨將會(huì)?！北硎镜氖菍淼囊馑季陀靡话銓頃r(shí);第二句為when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，要遵循主將從現(xiàn)的原則，即主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí),主語是rain“雨”，不可數(shù)名詞，所以stop要加s;結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知A選項(xiàng)符合題意，故答案選A。.句意：音樂會(huì)在何時(shí)何地舉行？本題考查不及物動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)，takeplace是不及物動(dòng)詞短語，無賓語，無被動(dòng)，所以A\D不對(duì)，when表示舉行的時(shí)間，表現(xiàn)在、過去和未來。故本題選B。.句意：我想要一部能拍好照片的手機(jī)。根據(jù)題干，本句可知考查定語從句的動(dòng)詞形式。先行詞是amobilephone,是單數(shù)形式，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故得出用takes。故選C。.句意：世界上有越來越多的人學(xué)漢語。根據(jù)Chinesebymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.可知這句話的主語是Chinese,它和動(dòng)詞learn構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。世界上有越來越多的人學(xué)漢語。是說的現(xiàn)在的情況，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。所以應(yīng)該是islearned,故選C。.句意：---我們回到梁山已經(jīng)20年了?！獣r(shí)間過得真快！我們?cè)诩亦l(xiāng)工作了這么長時(shí)間本句考查的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，題眼是foralongtime和上文Ithasbeen20years,這一空用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語是we,動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)have。故選D。.句意：地球日在1970年第一次被慶祝，現(xiàn)在這一天包括了190多個(gè)國家和地區(qū)的活動(dòng)。本句考查一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。celebrated一般過去時(shí)，慶祝；wascelebrated一般過去時(shí),被慶祝；iscelebrated一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),被慶祝；hasbeencelebrated現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),被慶祝。根據(jù)句中“inl970”可知，句中時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，而且主語EarthDay與動(dòng)詞celebrate之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以此處使用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)wascelebratedo故選B。.句意：Jerry把書放在桌子上，對(duì)她的媽媽撒謊說她已經(jīng)看完了本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析和前后時(shí)態(tài)一致的原則，lay放;過去式laidJietosb向某人撒謊,，過去式為lied。根據(jù)hadfinished可知，前面and兩個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去。故選D。.句意：你們應(yīng)該注意的單詞被寫在黑板上。本題考查主謂一致的原則，我們不能只看到payattentionto,而要分析整個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)解題。句子結(jié)構(gòu)：這句的主語是Thewords,謂語是arewritten,youshouldpayattentionto是定語從句，修飾Thewordso故選B。限時(shí)檢測( )11.—Heseemsterriblyill.Pmafraidwehavetotakehimtothehospitalrightnow.—Idon*tthinkit.Maybehe!scaughtabitofacold.A.works B.matters C.cares D.minds( )12.FmsorrymyfatherIamgoingthere.Weareverybusy.A.notonly;butalso B.either;or C.neither;nor D.both;and( )13.---1don'tthinktheycanreachanagreementinsuchashorttime.---.Itwilltaketimetofindawin-winsolution.A.Neitherdothey B.NeithertheydoC.Neithercanthey D.NeitherdoI( )14.mydadmymumlikesfootball.Theybothprefertennis.A.Both;and B.Either;orC.Neither;nor D.Notonly;butalso( )15.---YouknowalotaboutNanjingUniversity.Haveyoubeenstudyingthere?---No,Ithereforonlyhalfamonthlastyear.ButIstillrememberitclearly.A.stay B.havestayed C.stayed D.willstay( )16.1won'tmakethesamemistakeifIasecondchance.A.willbegiven B.amgiven C.willgive D.give( )17.WhileIwasspeaking,theboyinblackhishandandaskedmeifthepriceofthesebookshadalot.A.rose,risen B,raised,risen C.rose,raisedD.raised,raised( )18.Yourtoystoomuchroom.Pleasetakethemaway.A.takeup B.takeoutC.takeafterD.takeoff( )19.Youcan'ttakepartintheactivitytomorrowunlessyoutoplayaroleinthegame.A.willbechosen B.arechoosingC.arechosenD.havechosen( )20.AUNreportsaysthateveryyearabout5millionpeoplehungerintheworldandthatmostofthemarechildren.A.dieof B.dieawayC.dieoutD.diefbr( )21.SteveJobswasagreatmanwhotheuseofdigitalmusic.A.pushedto B.pushedfbrC.pulledout D.putin( )22.Listen!Therethebell.Theclasshasbegun.A.going B.went C.goes D.hasgone( )23.ThatrobotwasnamedRobonautR2A.ItouterspacebyNASA(美國國家航空航天局).A.usedtoexploring B.wasusedtoexploringC.wasusedtoexplore D.usedtoexplore( )24.-Excuseme,butcanyoutoaChinesespeaker?---Sure.Justaminute.A.putmethrough B.putmebackC.putmeaway D.putmeon( )25.Withtheofsociety,ourenvironmentisbecomingworseandworse.Soweshoulddowhatwecanourenvironment.A.develop;protect B.developing;toprotectC.development;protect D.development;toprotect( )26.NotonlythetwinsbutalsotheircousinJapanfbrhalfayear,butofthemcanspeakJapanese.A.hasgoneto;either B.hasbeenin;eitherC.hasbeenin;none D.havebeenin;none( )27.---Doyouknowifhebacktomorrow?---Sorry,Idon'tknow.Ifheback,Iwilltellyouato