高中英語課時作業(yè)（譯林版選修第四冊）課時作業(yè) 3

課時作業(yè)(三)Unit1SectionⅢExtendedreading&Project閱讀理解ADoestheamountofcashinalostwalletinfluencehowlikelyapersonistoreturnit?Traditionaleconomictheoriessuggestthatthegreatertheattraction,thelesslikelywearetobehonest.Butanewstudyfoundaltruism(利他主義),andthepowerfulhateforviewingoneselfasa“thief”aremoreimportantthanthefinancialattraction.Ateamofresearcherscarriedoutahugeexperimentconcerning355citiesin40countries.Morethan17，000similarwalletsweredroppedatpublicplaces,eachcontainingagrocerylist,akey,andthreebusinesscardsinthelocallanguageusingmade-upnamesandanemailaddress.Somehadnomoneywhileotherscontainedtheequalamountof$13.45.Accordingtotheresearch,peopleonaveragereturned40%ofwalletswithnomoneyinthembut51%withmoney.Italsoshowsextremedifferencesbetweencountries.Butalthoughratesofpeople'shonestyvariedgreatlyfromcountrytocountry,onethingremainedstillsimilar:Walletswithmoney,paredtonomoney,raisedreportingrates.IntheUS,theUKandPoland,theyrepeatedtheexperimentwithevenmoremoney:,whichincreasedreportingratesbyanaverageof11%paredtothesmalleramount.Theyalsofoundthatputtingakeyincreasedreportingratesby9.2%.Thefindings,whichrun__counter__toabasicprincipleofclassicaleconomics,suggesthonesty,altruismandtheself-imagecansometimesbemoreinfluentialthaneconomicself-interest.Apurelyeconomicapproachtobehavioursuggestspeoplewouldkeepthewalletswiththelargeramountofmoneyduetotheincreasedfinancialreward,buteconomicsoftendoesn'texplainaperson'ssenseofhonestyorself-image,accordingtobehaviouralscientists.Altruismalsoinfluencedthefindings,theresearcherssaid.Sincethekeyisvaluabletotheownerbutnotthefinder,thispointedtowardsanaltruisticconcerninadditiontothecostofnegativelyupdatingone'sself-image.1．TheauthormentionstraditionaleconomictheoriesinParagraph1inorderto________．A．introduceatopicB．a(chǎn)ttractreaders'interestC．a(chǎn)ddsomebackgroundinformationD．describesometraditionaltheories2．What'stheaveragereportingrateofawalletwithinside?A．11%. B．20.2%.C．51%. D．62%.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“runcounterto”inParagraph5mean?A．Goagainst. B．Similarto.C．Agreewith. D．Focuson.4．What'sthemainideaofthetext?A．Traditionaleconomictheorieshavealreadybeenold-fashioned.B．Peoplearemorelikelytoreturnalostwalletwithmorecash.C．Anexperimentdoneworldwideprovespeople'saltruism.D．Differentcountrieshavedifferentratesofpeople'shonesty.BTheotherdayonacoldnight,IleftmywifeanddrovefromHarrisburgtoLewisburg,adistanceofabout50miles.Itwasratherlate.SeveraltimesIgotstuckbehindaslow-movingtruckonanarrowroadwithasolidwhitelineonmyleft,andIbecameincreasinglyimpatient.Atonepointalonganopenroad,Icametoacrossingwithatrafficlight.Iwasaloneontheroad,butasIdrovenearthelight,itturnedredandImadeastop.Ilookedleft,rightandbehindme.Nothing.Notacarandnosuggestionofcarlamps,butthereIsat,waitingforthelighttochange,theonlyhumanbeingwithinatleastamileinanydirection.IstartedwonderingwhyIrefusedtoruntheredlight.Iwasnotafraidofbeingcaught,becausetherewasclearlynopolicemanaround,andtherecertainlywouldhavebeennodangeringoingthroughit.Muchlaterthatnight,thequestionofwhyI'dstoppedforthatlightcamebacktome.IthinkIstoppedbecauseit'spartofacontract(契約)weallhavewitheachother.It'snotonlyalawbutalsoanagreementwehave,andwetrusteachothertohonourit:Wedon'tgothroughredlights.Trustisourfirstinclination.Doubtingothersdoesnotseemtobenaturaltous.Thewholeconstructionofoursocietydependsonmutual(相互的)trust,notdistrust.Wedowhatwesaywe'lldo;weshowupwhenwesaywe'llshowup;andwepaywhenwesaywe'llpay.Wetrusteachotherinthesematters,andwe'reangryordisappointedwiththepersonororganizationthatbreaksthetrustwehaveinthem.Iamsoproudofmyselfforstoppingfortheredlightthatnight.5．Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthetruckdriver?A．Pleased. B．Satisfied.C．Sorry. D．Annoyed.6．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?A．Hehatesdrivingatnight.B．Hedesiredtoruntheredlightthatnight.C．Heapprovesofobeyingtrafficrulesbyhimself.D．Heiseasywhensufferingthetrafficjam.7．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“inclination”inParagraph5?A．Tendency. B．Faith.C．Adjustment. D．Guidance.8．Whatshouldwedotocreateabettersocietyaccordingtotheauthor?A．Bepolitetoothers.B．Improvetrafficrules.C．Bepatientandhelpful.D．Trusteachother.CMyfatherloveshisgarden.Heplantedsomeseedsinit.Butatthattime,Ididn'tunderstandwhyworkinginthedirtexcitedhimsomuch.Unfortunately,inearlyMay,myfatherwasseriouslyinjuredinanaccident.Hehadtostayinbedforawhile.Mymotherhadseveralbusinesstrips,soshecouldn'ttakecareofthegarden.Ididn'twantmyfathertoworry,soIsaidthatIwouldtakecareofhisgardenuntilherecovered.Iassumedthatthelittleplantswouldcontinuetogrowaslongastheyhadwater,andluckilyitrainedfairlyoften,soIdidn'tthinkmuchaboutthegarden.OneSaturdaymorning,myfathersaidtome,“Christine,thevegetablesshouldbeaboutreadytobepicked.Let'shaveasaladtoday！”Iwentouttothegardenandwasupsettoseethatmanyofthelettuceleavesandcarrotshadbeenhalfeatenbybugs.Therewerehundredsofbugsalloverthem!Ipanickedforamoment,butthenIquietlywenttotheneareststoretobuysomevegetables.WhenIgavethesaladtohim,hesaid,“Oh,Christine,whatabeautifulsalad!Ican'tbelievethecarrotsarethisbigalready.Youmustbetakingverygoodcareofmygarden.”Ifeltalittlebitguilty.inghome,mymothersawthebagfromthesupermarketinthekitchen.Iwasembarrassed,andIadmittedDadwantedasaladbutthegardenwasadisaster.Ididn'twanttodisappointhimsoIwenttothestore.ShelaughedbutpromisedtohelpmeinthegardenandweekslaterIwasfinallyabletopicksomevegetables.Icarefullymadeasaladandtookittomyfather.Helookedatitwithahintofasmile,“Christine,thecarrotsaresmallerinthissalad,buttheytastebetter.”Now,Ibetterunderstandhowputtingalotofeffortintocaringforsomethingcanhelpyouappreciatetheresultsmore,howeversmalltheymaybe.Perhapsthiswasoneofthereasonsformyfather'sloveofgardening.9．WhydidChristineoriginallypromiseshewoulddothegardening?A．Shewasaskedbyherfathertodoit.B．Shewasinterestedingrowingvegetables.C．Sheknewitwasimporta