2023屆江蘇省南通市如皋市高考適應(yīng)性考試（二）英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

2023年高考適應(yīng)性考試（二）

英語(yǔ)試題

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，

用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上指定位置，

在其他位置作答一律無(wú)效。

3.本卷滿分為150分，考試時(shí)間為120分鐘?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，

并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一

小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Atashoeshop.B.Ataclothesshop.C.Atapaintshop.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:CanIhelpyou,sir?

M:Yes,doyouhavethisshirtinsizeM?Inthesamebluecolorplease.Itmatchesmyshoeswell.

2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

A.Makemorefriends.

B.Tryharderatwork.

C.Haveapositiveattitude.

【答案】C

【解析】

［原文］M:Eventually,you'llbeoldlikeme,Helen.Now,youhavelessresponsibility——soenjoyit.

W:That'strue,Grandpa.Tmjuststressedaboutmygradesandschoolfriends.

M:Allstudentsdo—justtrytoenjoyyourworkanddon'tworry.

3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Whatwillthemandonext?

A.OrganizeatriptoFrance.

B.Sendalettertotheschool.

C.Prepareateachingcourseintraveling.

【答案】B

【解析】

［原文］M:Isyourschoolorganizingayear-endtriplikelastyear?

W:Unfortunatelynot.AftertheproblemstheyhadinFrance,they'vedecidednottodoonethisyear.

M:Thatisashame.Travelingisveryeducational.Tilwritetotheheadmasterandgiveadvice.

4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Whatdothespeakersthink,ofGary?

A.He'sunqualified.B.He'swell-behaved.C.He'sfaithful.

【答案】A

【解析】

［原文］M:HowonearthisGarystillworkingforthiscompany?Heislateforeverything—hismeetings,his

reportsandhe'scomingbacklaterfromhislunchbreaksthanothers.

W:Iknow.Iagree.Butwe'dbettergivehimachancetocorrecthismistakes.

5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Howmuchdoesthecakecost?

A.$2.00,B.$3.50.C.$5.50.

【答案】B

【解析】

［原文］M:I'lltakealargeicedcoffee,please.

W:Ifs$2.00.

M:Oh,Tdalsolikeoneblueberrycake.

W:Sure.YourtotalisS5.50.Filhaveyourcoffeereadyinaminute.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

6.WhoisHelenprobably?

A.ThegirFsfriend.B.Theman'sdaughter.C.Theman5swife.

7.Whatwillthegirldoat5:00p.m.?

A.Haveamealwiththeman.

B.Buysomesnacks.

CDosports.

【答案】6.A7.C

【解析】

【原文】M:Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?Wouldyouliketoshopwithme?

W:Well,I'mgoingtopracticebaseballwithmyfriendlater.

M:Whattimeisyourbaseballpracticethisevening?

W:Helenaskedmetopracticeatherhouseat5:00p.m.

M:Thafsfine.Icandropyouoffthereafterwefinishshopping.Youmightbeabitearly.CanyouaskHelenifthat's

okay?

W:Sure.ShallIcallher?

M:Ofcourse.

W:Butmyphoneisinthecar.Tilcallherlater.

聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

8.Whydoesthewomanwanttoparkthecarinanotherplace?

A.Theparkingspaceissmall.

B.Therearelargerspacesavailable.

C.Sheparksinaspotforthedisabled.

9.WherewillthewomanandJennygofirst?

A.Thedrugstore.B.Thehairsalon.C.Theshoestore.

10.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Motherandson.

B.Husbandandwife.

C.Garageattendantandcarowner.

【答案】8.A9.C10.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Mike,canyougetoutfirstandtellmeifI'veparkedbetweenthelines?Imighthavetobackupandtry

again.

M:OK.Well,therighttire（輪胎）isrightontheline,butthespotnexttoyouisaparkingspacethatismeantfor

someoneinawheelchair.

W:Thisspotistoosmallforourcar,anyway.Comeon.We'Hparksomewhereelse.

M:Areyousureyouwanttotakethechance,Lisa?It'saholidayweekend,andIdoubtwhethertherearebetter

spacesavailable.

W:FineI'llbecarefulwhenI'mopeningthedoor.

M:So,youtakeJennytogetsomesportsshoesfirst,andI'lltakeRogerinforhishaircut.Tilbeabletopickupyour

medicineatthedrugstorewhilehe'sinthere.

W:Oh,thanks.Wecanmeetupatthefoodcourtforlunchin...sayanhour?

M:Perfect.

聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

11.Whatistheweatherlikeatthemoment?

A.Foggy.B.Rainy.C.Clear.

12.Whereisthewomangoing?

A.Thesea.B.Theforest.C.Themountains.

13.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?

A.Bookahotelforhim.B.Bringhimacoffee.C.Contacthim.

【答案】H.A12.C13.C

【解析】

【原文】M:Areyousureifssafetodriveinthisfog?Youmightloseallsenseofdirectionwhenyoudrivethrough

theforest.

W:Itshouldbeokay.It\justcominginfromthesea.OnceI'montheroad,itshouldclear.

M:Howlongdoyouthinkyou'llbedriving?

W:Well,it'sasix-hourtrip,butFilstopforlunchandacoffeetokeepmeawake.

M:Andwhenwillyoucomeback?

W:ProbablyonSunday,ormaybeonMonday.ItdependsonwhetherIgetthephotosIneed.Andifitrains,Imight

needanextraday.It'sdangeroustoclimbmountainsafterraining.

M:Okay.Areyousureyoudon'tneedmyhelp?

W:No,PHbefineonmyown.

M:Callmeonceyougettoyourhotel.

W:Iwill.It'supinthemountainssothesignalmightnotbegreat.ButI'lltrymybest.

M:They'llhaveInternetaccess.Ifyoucan'tcall,justsendmeanemail.

W:Willdo.

M:Okay,takecare.

W:Bye.

聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

14.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.ShoppingforChristmas.

B.PerformingonChristmas.

C.SelectingChristmaslights.

15.Whywilltheeventgetpressattention?

A.Theleadactorsarewellknown.

B.Themarketisinafamouslocation.

C.Thenewactorshavegoodimages.

16.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheopportunity?

A.Excited.B.Uninterested.C.Worried.

17.Whatmustbeperfectonthedayaccordingtothewoman?

A.Theticketsales.B.Thesoundquality.C.Thecostumes.

【答案】14.B15.A16.A17.B

【解析】

［原文］M:Greatnews!TheorganizersofTheChristmasMarkethavegivenusthegreenlighttoperformsome

songsatthemarketinDecember.

W:Brilliant!Thatwillreallyhelptoraiseourtheater'scompanyimage.

M:Iknow.TheChristmasMarketisreallybusy.Hundredsofpeopleshoppingtherewillhearourcompanysinging.

W:Anditwillhelpboostthenewmembers,confidence.

M:Evenbetter...TheleadactorsarehappytosingatTheChristmasMarkettoo!They'rebothfamousenoughto

attractmanyjournalists,andhopefullythatwillmeanincreasedticketsales!

W:Okay,it'sveryexciting,soweneedtomakesurethateverythingisprepared.We'llneedatightpracticeschedule

betweennowandDecember.Ifwe'regoingtogopublicwithsomeofourmaterial,it'sgottolookreallygood!

M:Absolutely.Andweneedtomakethecostumedepartmentworkhardsoalltheactorswilllookconvincing.

W:Right.Tmgoingtocallameetingwiththesoundandlightingengineerstocheckoutthelocation.It'simportant

thatthevisualsandthesoundqualityareperfectonthatday!

聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

18.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?

A.Peoplewhohavereadherbooks.

B.Peoplewhoarelookingforjobs.

C.Peoplewhowanttowritetheirownbooks.

19.Whatdoesthespeakercomparewritingabookto?

A.Completingaworkassignment.

B.Writingauniversityessay.

C.Readingamagazinearticle.

20.Howdoesthespeakergetmostofherideas?

A.Byreadingpapers.

B.Byspeakingtopeople.

C.Byspendingtimeonline.

【答案】18.C19.A20.C

【解析】

【原文】Manypeopleaskmewheremyinspirationcomesfrom,orhowI'vemanagedtowriteabookeveryyear

forthelast20years.Sinceyouallwishtobewriters,Iwillsharetheseso-calledsecrets,butTilanswerthesecond

onefirst.HowdoIwritesomanybooks?It'seasytoanswer.Iseewritingasajob.Manywritersstartwriting

becausetheylovereading,notbecausetheylovewriting.Whenyouareworkingonaproject,youhavetargetsto

hitalongtheway.Sojustimaginethatyourbookisaprojectatwork.Youknowroughlyhowmanywordslongit

willbe.Lefssay100,000words.Ifyouwrite1000aday,youwillfinishyourbookinjustoverthreemonths.Itis

notdifficulttowrite1000words.Mostofyouhavewrittenuniversitypapersfourorfivetimesthatlength.Youcan

writemorethan1000wordsaday.Aslongasyouwriteatleast1000wordsaday,youwillhaveabookwrittenin

notime.Well,backtothefirstquestion—wheredidIgetmyideas?Theansweriseverywhere.Ireadnewspapers

andmagazines.Ispendlotsoftimeonsocialmediaandthat'swherealotofmyideascomefrom.Ourworldisfull

ofstories,andwhenyoufindonethatyoufeelstronglyabout,that'swhatyoushouldwriteabout.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Tohelpnewstudents,theInternationalBusinessInstitute（IBI）planstosetupabuddy（伙伴）peersupport

project.TheprojectwillhelpnewstudentsmeetcurrentstudentsatIBIwhocanprovidethemwithsomefriendly

companyduringtheirfirstmonthsinNewcastleandhelpthemwithanysmallproblemsthattheymayhave.

Whafsinitforyou?

Webelievethatbeingabuddywillberewardinginseveralways.Asavolunteer,itwillbepersonallysatisfying

toknowthatyouareabletohelpnewstudents.Itwillalsohelpyoumakecontactsthatmaybevaluableinyourfuture

academicandprofessionallives.Ifyouareanoverseasstudent,itwillgiveyouanotheropportunitytopractise

speakingEnglish.

Responsibilitiesofbuddies

?Telephoneandarrangetomakecontactwiththenewstudent

,Meetthestudentandshowhim/heraroundthecampusandthelocalareaAnswerquestionsaboutlivingin

NewcastleandadministrationproceduresatIBI.

?Arrangetomeetthenewstudentonmorningorafternoononeweekendearlyinthesemester,

andtakethestudenttoplacesthatyouenjoyinNewcastle.

?Bepreparedtotakephonecallfromthenewstudenttoanswerfurtherquestionsthathe/shemayhavefrom

timetotime.Meettoexplaininformationtothenewstudentinperson,ifrequired.

?Youwillbematchedtoanindividualnewstudent.However,ifyouhavefriendswhoarealsobuddies,you

mightprefertoformasupportgrouptogether.Thiswouldmeanthatyoumeetthenewstudentsasagroupratherthan

one-on-one.

?Beingabuddyisvoluntary.Thereisno“requirement“toprovideassistancebeyondthehelpoutlinedabove.

Pleasenotethatifyouagreetobecomeapeersupportbuddy,youwillbeexpectedtofulfillyourrole

conscientiouslyandcheerfully.Itwillbeimportanttobeconsiderateandreliablesothatthestudentcanfeelconfident

inyoursupport.

21.Accordingtothepassage,whatbenefitcanyougetfrombeingabuddy?

A.Youcanlearnhowtobeaconfidentperson.

B.Itiseasyforyoutofindsomefriendlycompany.

C.Youcanberewardedwithbothmoneyandprizes.

D.Itmaybehelpfulforyourfuturestudiesandcareer.

22.Whichofthefollowingisoneofbuddy'sresponsibility?

A.FormingasupportgroupwithothervolunteersatIBL

B.Familiarizingthenewstudentwithhisorhersurroundings.

C.Buildingupthenewsuet'sconfidenceinhisorherstudy.

D.Meetingthenewstudenteverymorningearlyinthesemester.

23.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?

A.Toinformstudents'responsibilitiesinnewcampus.

B.Toattractpotentialvolunteerstobepeersupporters.

C.ToofferanopportunitytopractisespeakingEnglish.

D.Tointroduceapeersupportprojectfornewstudents.

【答案】21.D22.B23.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。為了幫助新生，國(guó)際商學(xué)院（IBD計(jì)劃建立一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，該項(xiàng)目將幫助新生認(rèn)識(shí)

在校學(xué)生，并幫助他們解決他們可能遇到的任何小問(wèn)題。文章主要介紹了作為同伴支持者的好處以及應(yīng)當(dāng)

履行的一些責(zé)任。

[21題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Itwillalsohelpyoumakecontactsthatmaybevaluableinyourfutureacademic

andprofessionallives.（它還將幫助你建立可能對(duì)你未來(lái)的學(xué)術(shù)和職業(yè)生涯有價(jià)值的聯(lián)系）”可知，作為伙伴的

好處是對(duì)你未來(lái)的學(xué)習(xí)和事業(yè)有幫助，故選D。

【22題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Responsibilitiesofbuddies下的第二段“Meetthestudentandshowhim/heraroundthe

campusandthelocalareaAnswerquestionsaboutlivinginNewcastleandadministrationproceduresatIBL（與學(xué)

生見(jiàn)面，帶他/她參觀校園和當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境，回答有關(guān)在紐卡斯?fàn)柹詈?BI行政程序的問(wèn)題）”可知，作為伙

伴的其中一個(gè)責(zé)任是使新生熟悉環(huán)境。故選B。

【23題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Webelievethatbeingabuddywillberewardinginseveralways.Asavolunteer,it

willbepersonallysatisfyingtoknowthatyouareabletohelpnewstudents.Itwillalsohelpyoumakecontactsthat

maybevaluableinyourfutureacademicandprofessionallives.Ifyouareanoverseasstudent,itwillgiveyou

anotheropportunitytopractisespeakingEnglish.（我們相信成為一個(gè)好朋友會(huì)在幾個(gè)方面得到回報(bào)。作為一名

志愿者，知道自己能夠幫助新同學(xué)，對(duì)你個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)是一件令人滿意的事情。它還將幫助你建立可能對(duì)你未

來(lái)的學(xué)術(shù)和職業(yè)生涯有價(jià)值的聯(lián)系。如果你是一個(gè)留學(xué)生，這將給你另一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)）”和最后一段

中uPleasenotethatifyouagreetobecomeapeersupportbuddy,youwillbeexpectedtofulfillyourrole

conscientiouslyandcheerfully.如果你同意成為一個(gè)同伴支持伙伴，你將被期望認(rèn)真和愉快地履行

你的角色）”可推知，作者的寫作目的是吸引潛在的志愿者成為同伴支持者。故選B。

B

Aworryingriseinsocialmediaposts,suggestingthatpeopleleavetheirHalloweenpumpkinsinthewoodsto

feedwildlifeafterOctober31,hasmadewildlifeexpertsconcerned.Thousandsofpumpkinsarediscardedinwoods

acrossBritain.Whilewell-meaningpumpkincarversmightthinktheyaredoingthelocalanimalsgroupsakindness,

leavingyourleftoverjack-o,-lanterninthewoodlandisactuallydoingmoreharmthangood.

“Amythseemstohavebuiltupthatleavingpumpkinsinwoodshelpswildlife,butbehinditaremanyhidden

issues.^^saidPaulBunton,engagementandcommunicationofficeratTheWoodlandTrust,accordingtoThe

Telegraph.

OneofthemainissuesisthattheleftoveroftheHalloweenpumpkinsareofteneatenbyalreadystruggling

hedgehogs（刺猬）.InearlyNovember,hedgehogsarelookingtogainasmuchweightaspossibletosurvivetheir

winterhibernation.However,eatingpumpkinisharmfultotheirlittlehedgehogstomachs,leadingtodiairheaand

dehydration.Thismeanstheymaystruggletoputonweight,andinsomecasescanevenbefatal.

Moreover,leftoverHalloweenpumpkinscancontaincandlesandplasticdecorationswhichcanalsobefatalto

wildlifeifmistakenlyeaten.Therottingleftovercanalsoattractlesspopularwildlife,suchasrats,toanarea.

AccordingtoTheWoodlandTrust,theadditionalnutrientsinthepumpkinscannegativelyaffectthesoilbalanceas

well."Pumpkinfleshcanhaveareallyharmfuleffectonwoodlandsoils,plants,andfungi（真菌）,“Buntonpointed

out.

SowhatshouldyoudowithyourbeautifullycarvedpumpkincreationafterOctober31?Mostexperts

recommendcomposting（堆月巴）ityourselfathomeifyoucanoraskingifalocalfarmwillacceptitasadonation.

Youcouldeventrysomescientificexperimentstoproducemoreenergyfromthethrow-awaywasted.Eitherway,the

hedgehogswillthankvou.

24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword^discarded"meaninparagraphI?

A.Processed.B.Recycled.C.Deserted.D.Preserved.

25.WhydohedgehogstrytoeatsomanypumpkinsinearlyNovember?

A.Toenjoythesweetfood.B.Tofilltheirstomachs.

C.Toprepareforthewinter.D.lbimprovetheirhealth.

26.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Theadditionalnutrientsintheleftoverpumpkins.

B.Thedamagesofcandlesandplasticinthepumpkins.

C.Theattractionoftherottingleftoverstosomewildlife.

D.Furtherexplanationoftheeffectofleftoverpumpkins.

27.WhatarepeopleadvisedtodowiththeleftoverpumpkinsafterHalloween?.

A.Stopleavingyourpumpkinsinthewoods.

B.Keepyourbeautifulpumpkincreationsathome.

C.Feedthehedgehogswiththeleftoverpumpkins.

D.Burythepumpkinsleftoverdeepundertheground.

【答案】24.C25.C26.D27.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇議論文。文章談?wù)摿巳f(wàn)圣節(jié)后剩下的南瓜丟棄到樹林里所產(chǎn)生的不良影響，建議人們不

要把南瓜丟棄到樹林里。

【24題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。劃線詞句前文“Aworryingriseinsocialmediaposts,suggestingthatpeopleleavetheirHalloween

pumpkinsinthewoodstofeedwildlifeafterOctober31,hasmadewildlifeexpertsconcerned.（社交媒體上有越來(lái)

越多的帖子建議人們?cè)?0月31日之后把萬(wàn)圣節(jié)南瓜丟到樹林里喂野生動(dòng)物，這讓野生動(dòng)物專家感到擔(dān)憂。）”

說(shuō)明有很多萬(wàn)圣節(jié)南瓜丟棄在了樹林里，從而推知?jiǎng)澗€詞句"Thousandsofpumpkinsarediscardedinwoods

acrossBritain.（成千上萬(wàn)的南瓜被discarded在英國(guó)各地的樹林里。）”中劃線詞匯意思應(yīng)為“丟棄”。故選

C項(xiàng)。

【25題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"OneofthemainissuesisthattheleftoveroftheHalloweenpumpkinsareofteneaten

byalreadystrugglinghedgehogs（刺猬）.InearlyNovember,hedgehogsarelookingtogainasmuchweightas

possibletosurvivetheirwinterhibernation.（其中一個(gè)主要問(wèn)題是，萬(wàn)圣節(jié)南瓜的剩余部分經(jīng)常被已經(jīng)在掙扎

的刺猬吃掉。在U月初，刺猬會(huì)盡可能地增重以度過(guò)冬眠期。）”可知，刺猬在11月初吃那么多南瓜是為

冬天做準(zhǔn)備。故選C項(xiàng)。

【26題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中uMoreover,leftoverHalloweenpumpkinscancontaincandlesandplasticdecorations

whichcanalsobefataltowildlifeifmistakenlyeaten.Therottingleftovercanalsoattractlesspopularwildlife,such

asrats,toanarea.AccordingtoTheWoodlandTrust,theadditionalnutrientsinthepumpkinscannegativelyaffect

thesoilbalanceaswell.（此外，萬(wàn)圣節(jié)剩下的南瓜可能含有蠟燭和塑料裝飾品，如果被誤食，對(duì)野生動(dòng)物也

是致命的。腐爛的剩菜還會(huì)吸引不太受歡迎的野生動(dòng)物，如老鼠，來(lái)到一個(gè)區(qū)域。林地信托基金會(huì)表示，

南瓜中額外的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)也會(huì)對(duì)土壤平衡產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。）”可知，本段主要對(duì)剩余南瓜的不良影響作進(jìn)一步

解釋。故選D項(xiàng)。

【27題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whilewell-meaningpumpkincarversmightthinktheyaredoingthelocalanimals

groupsakindness,leavingyourleftoverjack-o,-lanterninthewoodlandisactuallydoingmoreharmthangood.（雖

然好心的南瓜雕刻者可能認(rèn)為他們是在為當(dāng)?shù)氐膭?dòng)物群體做一件好事，但把你剩下的南瓜燈丟棄到森林里

實(shí)際上是弊大于利。）”和最后一段"Sowhatshouldyoudowithyourbeautifullycarvedpumpkincreationafter

October31?Mostexpertsrecommendcomposting（堆肥）ityourselfathomeifyoucan,oraskingifalocalfarm

willacceptitasadonation.Youcouldeventrysomescientificexperimentstoproducemoreenergyfromthe

throw-awaywasted.（那么，在10月31日之后，你應(yīng)該如何處理雕刻精美的南瓜呢？大多數(shù)專家建議，如果

可以的話，可以自己在家里堆肥，或者詢問(wèn)當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)場(chǎng)是否接受捐贈(zèng)。你甚至可以嘗試一些科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)，從浪

費(fèi)的垃圾中產(chǎn)生更多的能量）”推知，文章建議人們不要把萬(wàn)圣節(jié)后剩下的南瓜丟棄到樹林里。故選A項(xiàng)。

C

Therapidpaceofglobalwarminganditseffectonhabitatsraisethequestionofwhetherspeciesareabletokeep

upsothattheyremaininsuitablelivingconditions.Someanimalscanmovefasttoadjusttoaquicklychanging

climate.Plants,beinglessmobile,relyonmeanssuchasseeddispersal（傳播）byanimals,windorwatertomoveto

newareas,butthisredistributiontypicallyoccurswithinonekilometeroftheoriginalplant.WritinginNature,JuanP.

Gonzalez-Varoshedslightonthepotentialcapacityofmigratorybirdstoaidseeddispersal.

Gonzalez-Varoandcolleaguesreporthowplantsmightbeabletokeeppacewithrapidclimatechangethrough

thehelpofmigratingbirds.Theyanalyzedanimpressivedatasetof949differentseed-dispersalinteractionsbetween

birdandplantcommunities,togetherwithdataonentirefruitingtimesandmigratorypatternsofbirdsacrossEurope.

Theauthorshypothesized（假定）thatthedirectionofseedmigrationdependsonhowtheplantsinteractwith

migratorybirds,thefrequencyoftheseinteractionsorthenumberofbirdspeciesthatmighttransportseedsfromeach

plantspecies.

Perhapsthemoststrikingfeatureoftheseinferredseedmovementsistheobservationthat35percentofplant

speciesacrossEuropeancommunities,whicharecloselyrelatedonthephylogenetictree（系統(tǒng)進(jìn)化樹），might

benefitfromlongdistancedispersalbythenorthwardjourneyofmigratorybirds.Thisparticularsubset（小組）of

plantstendstofruitoveralongperiodoftime,orhasfruitsthatpersistoverthewinter.Thismeansthattheabilityof

plantstokeepupwithclimatechangecouldbeshapedbytheirevolutionaryhistory—implyingthatfutureplant

communitiesintheNorthernHemispherewillprobablycomefromplantspeciesthatarephylogeneticallyclosely

relatedandthathavemigratedfromthesouth.

Thisstudyprovidesagreatexampleofhowmigratorybirdsmightassistplantredistributiontonewlocations

thatwouldnormallybedifficultforthemtoreachontheirown,andwhichmightofferasuitableclimate.

28.WhyaretherapidpaceofglobalwarminganditseffectmentionedinParagraph1?

A.Tocallonthepublictohelpwithseeddispersal.

B.Toshowthethreatofclimatechangeonournature.

C.ToprovidethebackgroundofGonzalez-Varo^research.

D.Toexplainwhysomeanimalscanadapttoclimatechange.

29.HowdidGonzalez-Varoandhiscolleaguesconducttheresearch?

A.Byanalyzingrelateddata.B.Byconductingfieldresearch.

C.Byobservingmigratingbirds.D.Byreviewingpreviousfindings.

30.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?

A.Theevolutionaryhistoryofdifferentplantsprovestobesimilar.

B.Almostallplantspeciesgainbenefitsfromlong-distancedispersal.

C.Plantswithlongerfruitingtimesadaptbetterwhentransportedfarther.

D.Plantcommunitiesindifferenthemisphereswillbelessandlessrelated.

31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Differentwaystoredistributeplantstonewclimates.

B.Impactsofclimatechangeonmigratorybirdsandplants.

C.Plantsarestrugglingtokeeppacewiththeclimatechange.

D.Migratorybirdsaidredistributionofplantstonewclimates.

【答案】28.C29.A30.C31.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了JuanP.Gonzalez-Varo和其同事研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，候鳥通過(guò)傳播重字幫

助植物在新的氣候條件下重新分布。文章解釋了研究開展的過(guò)程以及研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)。

[28題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Therapidpaceofglobalwanninganditseffectonhabitatsraisethequestionofwhether

speciesareabletokeepupsothattheyremaininsuitablelivingconditions.Someanimalscanmovefasttoadjustto

aquicklychangingclimate.Plants,beinglessmobile,relyonmeanssuchasseeddispersal（傳播）byanimals,wind

orwatertomovetonewareas,butthisredistributiontypicallyoccurswithinonekilometeroftheoriginalplant.

WritinginNature,JuanP.Gonzalez-Varoshedslightonthepotentialcapacityofmigratorybirdstoaidseed

dispersal」快速的全球變暖及其對(duì)棲息地的影響提出了一個(gè)問(wèn)題，即物種是否能夠保持在適宜的生存條件下。

有些動(dòng)物能夠快速移動(dòng)以適應(yīng)快速變化的氣候。植物的流動(dòng)性較差，依靠動(dòng)物、風(fēng)或水等方式傳播種子到

新的地區(qū)，但這種重新分配通常發(fā)生在原始植物的一公里內(nèi)。JuanP.Gonzalez-Varo在《自然》雜志上撰文，

闡明了候鳥幫助種子傳播的潛在能力）”結(jié)合下文對(duì)JuanP.Gonzalez-Varo的研究過(guò)程和結(jié)果的介紹可推知，

第一段提到了全球變暖的速度如此之快以及其影響是為了提供Gonzalez-Varo研究的背景。故選C。

【29題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theyanalyzedanimpressivedatasetof949differentseed-dispersalinteractions

betweenbirdandplantcommunities,togetherwithdataonentirefruitingtimesandmigratorypatternsofbirdsacross

Europe.（他們分析了一組令人印象深刻的數(shù)據(jù)，其中包括鳥類和植物群落之間949種不同的種子傳播相互作

用，以及全歐洲鳥類的整個(gè)結(jié)果時(shí)間和遷徙模式的數(shù)據(jù)）”可知，Gonzalez-Varo和他的同事通過(guò)分析相關(guān)數(shù)

據(jù)進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究。故選A。

【30題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"Perhapsthemoststakingfeatureoftheseinferredseedmovementsistheobservation

that35percentofplantspeciesacrossEuropeancommunities,whicharecloselyrelatedonthephylogenetictree（系

統(tǒng)進(jìn)化樹），mightbenefitfromlongdistancedispersalbythenorthwardjourneyofmigratorybirds.Thisparticular

subset（〃、組）ofplantslendstofruitoveralongperiodoftime,orhasfruitsthatpersistoverthewinter.Thismeans

thattheabilityofplantstokeepupwithclimatechangecouldbeshapedbytheirevolutionaryhistory——implying

thatfutureplantcommunitiesintheNorthernHemispherewillprobablycomefromplantspeciesthatare

phylogeneticallycloselyrelatedandthathavemigratedfromthesouth.（也許這些推斷的種子運(yùn)動(dòng)最顯著的特征是

觀察到，在歐洲群落中，在系統(tǒng)發(fā)育樹上密切相關(guān)的35%的植物物種可能受益于候鳥向北的長(zhǎng)途傳播。這

種特殊的植物子集傾向于在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi)結(jié)果，或者在冬天保持果實(shí)。這意味著植物適應(yīng)氣候變化的能

力可能取決于它們的進(jìn)化史一這意味著北半球未來(lái)的植物群落可能來(lái)自于系統(tǒng)發(fā)育密切相關(guān)的植物物種,

這些植物是從南方遷移過(guò)來(lái)的）”可推知，結(jié)果期較長(zhǎng)的植物在運(yùn)輸?shù)礁h(yuǎn)的地方時(shí)適應(yīng)得更好。故選C。

[31題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合最后一段aThisstudyprovidesagreatexampleofhowmigratorybirdsmight

assistplantredistributiontonewlocationsthatwouldnormallybedifficultforthemtoreachontheirown,andwhich

mightofferasuitableclimate.（這項(xiàng)研究提供了一個(gè)很好的例子，說(shuō)明候鳥如何幫助植物重新分布到它們自己

通常很難到達(dá)的新地方，并且可能提供合適的氣候）”可知，這篇文章主要講的是候鳥幫助植物在新的氣候

條件下重新分布。故選D。

D

Doyouplayvideogames?Ifso,youaren'talone.Videogamesarebecomingmorecommonandare

increasinglyenjoyedbyadults.Theaverageageofgamershasbeenincreasingandwasestimatedtobe35in2016.

Changingtechnologyalsomeansthatmorepeopleareexposedtovideogames.Anewbreedofcasualgamershas

come,whoplayonsmartphonesandtabletsatsparemomentsthroughouttheday.Butdotheyhaveanyeffectonour

brainsandbehavior?

Overtheyears,themediahavemadevariousclaimsaboutvideogamesandtheireffectonourhealthand

happiness."Gameshavesometimesbeenpraisedordemonized,oftenwithoutrealdatabackingupthoseclaims.

Moreover,gamingisapopularactivity,soeveryoneseemstohavestrongopinionsonthetopic,“saysMarcPalaus,

whowithhiscolleagueswantedtoseeifanytrendshadappearedfromtheresearchtodateconcerninghowvideo

gamesaffectthestructureandactivityofourbrains.Theycollectedtheresultsfrom116scientificstudies,22of

whichlookedatstructuralchangesinthebrainand100ofwhichlookedatchangesinbrainfunctionalityand

behavior.

Thestudiesshowthatpayingvideogamescanchangehowourbrainsperform,andeventheirstructure.For

example,playingvideogamesaffectsourattention,andsomestudiesfo