河北省石家莊市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期12月月考英語模擬試卷（含答案）

河北省石家莊市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期12月月考英語模擬試卷注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Mailaletter. B.Usetherestroom. C.Findthepolicestation.2.Whatwillthemandofirst?A.GotoNewYork. B.Meetthewoman. D.C.isitWashinggtonD.C.3.WhatistherelationshipbetweenthewomanandDr.Philips?A.Hostessandgardener. B.Neighbors. C.Doctorandpatient.4.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthetest?A.Fortheterriblefood. B.Fortheovercharge. C.Forthewaiter’srudeness.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore. B.Inanoffice. C.Inastorehouse.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白后，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Dramaclasses B.Popularmovies. C.Atheaterperformance.7.Howlongisthesession?A.Sixweeks. B.Fiveweeks. C.Twoweeks.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeaker?A.Auntandnephew. B.Brotherandsister. C.Boyfriendandgirlfriend.9.Whoenjoysshoeingphotos?A.Wade. B.Joe. C.Jean.10.Whatwillthewomanbringtodinner?A.Roses. B.Apie. C.Agiftshebought.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatanimalisinthevideothatthewomansaw?A.Aduck. B.Aturtle. C.Afish.12.Whatdoscientistthinkcouldhappenby2050?A.Therewillbefewerfishintheseathanplastics. B.50%ofthefishintheoceanwilldie. C.Allbusinesseswillstopusingstraws.13.Wherewillthespeakersgonext?A.Toarestaurant. B.Toagiftshop. C.Toacoffeeshop.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Childhoodpets. B.Farmwork. C.Familyhistory.15.Whotaughtthemanhowtolookafterhorses?A.Hisgrandfather. B.Hisfather. C.Hisuncle.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’sabilities?A.Sheisnotimpressed.B.Shethinkheknowsalotabouthorses.C.Shefeelsheneedsalotofpracticefirst.17.Howdoesthewomanwanttocommunicatewiththeman’sfather?A.Inperson. B.Byphone. C.Byemail.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Howmanyscripttypesarediscussedinthetalk?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five.19.Whatdoweknowabouttheearliestwriting?A.Itlookedlikedetailedpictures. B.Itwasusedforpersonalpurposes. C.Itshowedtheideasofthegovernment.20.WhichwritingstylehastheChinesenameKaishu?A.The“standardscript”. B.The“sealscript”. C.The“runningscript”.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWashington,D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseeaworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-thecherryblossoms-disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourInWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.Knowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemost,interestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路線)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hours(7miles)JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyourbikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.21.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?A.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.C.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.22.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople. B.Enjoyinterestingstories.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums. D.Gotoanationalpark.23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Safetylights. B.Cameras. C.Meals. D.Citymaps.BThe2021winnersofamajorinternationalenvironmentalawardhavejustbeenannounced,andthelistincludesaVietnameseconservationistwho’sknownforhisvitalworkhelpingprotectthepangolin(穿山甲)-theworld’smosttraffickedanimal.VanNguyengrewupnearCucPhuongNationalParkand,asachild,watchedpoachers(偷獵者)removingpangolinfromtheirholes.“Isawamum(pangolin),rollingintoaballtoprotectherbaby.”Nguyendecidedtomakepangolinconservationhislife’swork.NguyensetouttostoppoachingandeducatetheVietnamesepublicontheimportanceofpangolinconservationinordertoreversetheconditionofthepangolins.Hiseffortsbeganwithaneducationcampaign.NguyenalsoopenedtheCarnivoreandPangolinEducationCenter,thefirstofitskindinVietnam,inordertoprovidewildlifeconservationcoursesforstudentsandthegeneralpublic.Nguyendidn’tstopthere;heestablishedVietnam’sfirstAsianPangolinRehabilitation(康復(fù))Center.Nguyenevenworkedwithpoacherstoaskthemtotakehimintotheforestandshowhimhowtheytrackandcatchpangolins.Healsovisitedmarkets,restaurants,anddoctorsoftraditionalmedicinetolearnmoreaboutthedemandforpangolins.In2018,NguyencreatedVietnam’sfirst-everanti-poachingunit.NguyenhasalsolookedtoglobalstrategiesandworkedwiththemanagementauthorityoftheCITEStobaninternationaltradeforanimalsmostthreatenedwithextinction.Asoneofthefewpeopleintheworldworkingonpangolinconservationandrehabilitation,Nguyenisfillinganecessaryandimportantceforunderstandingandprotectingthiscriticallyendangeredanimal.24.WhatmadeNguyenstartpangolinprotection?A.Hisloveforpangolins. B.Achildhoodexperience.C.Seriouspangolinpoaching. D.Theimportanceofpangolins.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reverse”inparagraph3mean?A.Worsen. B.Analyze. C.Change. D.Maintain.26.WhydidNguyenworkwithpoachers?A.Toreportthemtothepolice. B.Tolearnaboutthemarketdemand.C.Tounderstandtheirtricks. D.Togetpangolinstosaferplaces.27.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TakingAction:StoriesofPangolinB.Pangolins:ACriticallyEndangeredanimalC.SavingPangolins:VanNguyen’sLifeMissioD.VanNguyen:AnEnvironmentalAwardWinnerCBecomingarealrunnerIwouldneverusetheword“athletic”todescribemyself.Tome,athletesarepeoplewhoreallyenjoyworkingout.IremembercryinginmiddleschoolwhenIhadtorunamileduringgymclass.IhuffedandpuffedasIjogged.AsIgrewup,Iwouldgotothegym,butIneverenjoyedworkingout.That,Ithought,wasforrealrunners.InJune2017,myfriendsentmeanemailthatwouldforeverchangemyattitudetowardsrunning.Hewastrainingfora200-milerelay(接力賽)andwantedmetobeonhisteam.Iwouldrunthreelegsbetweenfourandsixmileseachoverthecourseoftwodays.FiguringthatIwouldneveragainhavethechancetoworkwithsometoprunners,Iimmediatelyagreed,andstartedrunningoutsidetoprepare.Thatfirstrunwashard.IpurposefullyavoidedCentralParkinordertostayawayfromrealrunners.Afterafewblocks,Iwasalreadywinded,andrantherestofthewayhome.Icalledmymom,chokedup,tosayIhadnohopeatallofrunningthisrelay.Butsheencouragedmetokeepatit,soIdidn’tquit.Iwentfromrunningfourmilesaweektoeightwithinonemonthbeforemyadvancedtrainingbegan.Iwasfrightenedgoingintothefirsttrainingsessionwiththeteamaseveryoneelsewassuper“athletic”.Weranforfivemiles,andIwassignificantlyslower.However,myteammatesweresosupportivethatIfelttherunner’shigh,whichIhadneverbelievedexisted.Oneday,abouttwoweeksintotraining,myanklegaveoutwhileIwasrunninginCentralPark.Iwasdiagnosedwithastressfracture(應(yīng)力性骨折).Thedoctortoldmetostoprunningfortwomonths.IttookmeawhiletofacethefactthatIwasoutoftherace.Mydoctortoldmethathetoohadoncebeenstruckdownwithastressfracture,andthefollowingyear,hebeathisbestrunningtimeinahalf-marathon.Thatbroughtmehope.Imadeitthroughthenexttwomonthsbypicturingmyselfrunningagain.Justyesterday,forthefirsttimesincethatfatefulday,Itookmyoutdoorrunwithmyphysicaltherapist.ImentionedthatImightrunahalf-marathonthenextyear.NowIwakeupexcitedforthedaysIgettorun.MaybeIama“realrunner”afterall.28.Accordingtothearticle,whendidtheauthorstarttofeelpassionforrunning?A.Aftershegotintothehabitofworkingout.B.Aftershegotthecouragetorunoutdoorsonherown.C.Aftersheranwithsometoprunnersandgottheirencouragement.D.Aftershebrokeherankleintrainingandstayedinbedfortwomonths.29.Theunderlinedwordinthepassagereferstoherdoctor’s______.A.helpfuladvice. B.immediatetreatment.C.experienceinthemarathon. D.personalexperiencewithaninjury.30.Whatcanweinferfromthearticleabouttheauthor?A.Shedidn’ttaketherelayseriously.B.Shehadastrictandoverprotectivemother.C.Shefeltdisappointedaboutwithdrawingfromtherace.D.Shewouldhaveexpectedtorunahalf-marathonifshehadwontherace.31.Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthearticlewasto______.A.urgereaderstoexerciseregularly.B.sharewithreadersthefunofrunning.C.warnreaderstobecarefulaboutrunning.D.encouragereaderstopursuetheirhobbies.DWhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat(棲息地).In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct(Act),anincreasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory(遷徙的)waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N.“Ding”Darling,apoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoines,Iowa,whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem-afactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitatLittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.32.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?A.Lossofwetlands. B.Popularityofwatersports.C.Pollutionofrivers. D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Acquire. B.Export. C.Destroy. D.Distribute.34.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?A.Thestamppricehasgonedown. B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting. D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.35.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheFederalDuckStampStory. B.TheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem.C.TheBenefitsofSavingWaterfowl. D.TheHistoryofMigratoryBirdHunting.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填大空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Someluckypeoplearebornwithartistictalent,whileothershavetostudytobecomeexpertinart.______(36)Somepeoplejustlettheircreativeurgesoutmoreeasilythanothers.Iftheartisticpathiscallingyou,beginthejourneywithsometinystepsandfollowthem.Tryagenerousselectionofdifferentmediumsofart.Everyonecanbeanartist.______(37)So,ifthere’saspecifictypeofartyou’dliketolearnmoreabout,goforit,anddon’tbeafraidtotryothermediumsaswell.Themostbasicformsofartaredrawing,painting,photographyandsculpting.Doyourresearchandlearnthebasics.Youcanreadbooksandarticlesaboutthemedium(s)youhavechosentofocuson.______(38)Ifyoufeellikeyouneedalittlehelp,youcanalwaysimproveyourresearchwithanartclass.______(39)Noticehowthelightchangesduringtheday,howcolorsaffectyou,andhowaninteractionmakesyoufeel.Takethetimetobecomefullyawareofyoursurroundingsandletwhatyouseeenteryourwork.Seekouttheopinionsofothers.Don’tbeafraidtoshowyourworktopeople.______(40)Maybeyouhaveahardtimedrawinghands,oryoucan’tseemtogetthehandleofaclaymug(杯子)quiteright.Asecondpairofeyeswillhelpyouseewhatmakesitwork.A.Maketimeforyourarteveryday.B.Besides,youcanalsowatchinstructionalvideos.C.Askafewpeopleyoutrustwhattheythinkofyourart.D.Observetheworldaroundyouwiththeeyeofanartist.E.Youjustneedtoexpressyourcreativeideasinagreatway.F.Whicheverpathyouareon,beawarethateveryoneisanartist.G.Oneofthebestwaystolearnisbystudyingtheworksofothers.第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。In1992,thefirstpianoarrivedonMahaniTeave’sdistantisland-RapaNui.Teavetookherfirstlessonsonthatpiano.Theystrengthenedherloveforthepianoand______(41)theyoungmusiciantoleaveherhomeforyearsofstudy.Teave’striptothemainlandcamebecauseofthe______(42)ofRobertoBravo,awell-knownpianistwhoheardherplay.Justnineyearsold,sheenrolledintheAustralUniversityofChileinValdivia.Asateenager,awardsbeganto______(43),includingafirstplaceattheClaudioArrauPianoCompetition.“Teaveisextraordinarilygifted.Thepowerofconcentrationthatshe______(44)isfirst-class,”saysFabioBidini,afamouspianist,______(45)Teavewouldearnaworldwidereputation.ButafteryearsofstudyinBerlin,Teavefelttheisland______(46)herheart.Shebegantothinkofgivingupthe______(47)career.“Therewasthisumbilicalcord(臍帶)______(48)mewiththeislandandsaying,‘Mahaniyouhadallthese______(49).Therearelotsofchildrenwhoare______(50)tohavethemtoo,andonlyyoucandothis.’”Thememoriesofheryouthful______(51)formusichaunted(縈繞)her.She______(52)thepainfeltwhengoodteachersappearedontheisland,andthensuddenly______(53)theisland.“Itwasbreakingchildren’sdreamsoverandoveragain,”shesays.Teavesoonmovedbacktotheislandandopenedamusicschool.“Itis______(54)toseethechildrenlearning.Iamcontent,”shesays.Teavemayhavegivenupasuccessfulcareer,butshegainssomethingmore-the______(55)ofsupportingthedreamsofchildren,hungrytolearnmusic.41.A.allowed B.reminded C.stimulated D.trained42.A.challenge B.expectation C.defense D.recommendation43.A.rollin B.makesense C.takeeffect D.standout44.A.deserves B.possesses C.combines D.desires45.A.admitting B.assuming C.responding D.predicting46.A.breaking B.affecting C.making D.knowing47.A.promising B.encouraging C.surprising D.interesting48.A.comparing B.exchanging C.connecting D.replacing49.A.gifts B.opportunities C.reputations D.profits50.A.determined B.certain C.willing D.desperate51.A.hunger B.appreciation C.capability D.responsibility52.A.tolerated B.relieved C.recalled D.estimated53.A.ignored B.left C.forgot D.disliked54.A.possible B.essential C.wise D.pleasant55.A.impression B.satisfaction C.profession D.intention第二節(jié)（單詞拼寫，滿分15分）56.Thankyouforwritingandallowingmeto______(澄清)thepresentsituation.57.Ihavea______(傾向)totalktoomuchwhenI’mnervous.58.Thereisa______(矛盾，沖突)betweentwocultures.59.Hervoicewasfullof______(焦慮).60.Thisisaspeechtalkingaboutfoodscienceand______(營養(yǎng)).61.Hisviewsaregroundedonthe______(假設(shè))thatallpeopleareequal.62.Thereisareportaboutthe______(國內(nèi)的)airquality.63.Shedoesn’t______(責(zé)備)anyoneforherfailure.64.Theseshirtsare100%______(純的，純粹的)cotton.65.Theprojectwentwellunderhis______(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)).66.It______(estimate)thatthemeetingwilllast5days.67.______(give)thatwecan’tturntheclockback,weshouldfocusonthepresent.68.Theteamincludes30scientists,mostof______haveoverseasstudyexperience.69.______isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGamestookplaceinBeijing.70.______isknowntousthatsmokingisharmfultoourhealth.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15）假定你是李華，上周六你校舉辦了一次登山活動，請你為校英文報(bào)寫一篇報(bào)道，內(nèi)容包括：活動目的；活動過程；活動反響。注意：寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。AMountain-hiking______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Atnoonthatday,Idrovebacktomyhouseaftertheperformance.JustasIenteredthelivingroom,1heardagentlesoundcomingfromthebedroomupstairs-itwasthesoundofmyfavouriteviolin.“Thief!”Idashedupstairs.Sureenough,asexpected,aboyofabout12yearsoldwaspettingmyviolin.Theboyhadmessyhairandathinface,hisoversizedcoatseeminglyfilledwithsomething.Atfirstglance,Ifoundanewpairofshoesmissing.Itseemedthathewassurelyathief.Then,Isawhiseyesfulloffearanddeir.Myangerwasimmediatelyreplacedbyasmile.Iasked,“AreyouMrRam’snephew,Michael?I’mhishousekeeper.Twodaysago,Iheardhisnephewlivinginthecountrysidewouldcome.Itmustbeyou.You’rereallylikehim!”O(jiān)nhearingmywords,theboywasfirstastonished,butthenquicklysaid,“Hasmyunlegoneout?Ithinkl’dbetterfirstgooutforawalkandvisithimagaininawhile.”Inoddedandaskedtheboywhowaspreparingtoputdowntheviolin,“Doyouliketoplaytheviolinsomuch?”“Yes,butl’msopoorthatIcan’taffordit,”theboyreplied.“Then,givethisviolintoyou.”Theboylookedatmequestioningly,buthepickeduptheviolin.Goingouttothelivingroom,hesuddenlysawmyhugecolourphotoonthewallshowingIperformedintheSydneyOperaHouse.Heinvoluntarilytrembledforamomentandranoutwithoutlookingback.Iwassurethattheboyhadunderstoodwhathappenedbecausenoonewoulddecoratethelivingroomwiththehousekeeper’sphoto.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Paragraph1:Afewyearslater,Iwasinvitedtobeajudgeatamusiccompetitionofseniorhighschoolstudents.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Afterthecompetition,“Michael”rantome,holdingaviolinbox__________________.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________英語試卷答案第二部分閱讀第一節(jié)A篇21-23 CBA B篇24-27 BCCCC篇28-31 CDCDD篇32-35 ACDA第二節(jié)七選五36-40 FEBDC第三部分語言運(yùn)用第一節(jié)完形填空41-45 CDABD46-50 BACBD51-55 ACBDB第二節(jié)語法填空56.declaration 57.tendency 58.conflict 59.anxiety 60.nutrition61.assumption 62.national 63.blame 64.pure 65.leadership66.isestima