云南省昆明市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月期末考試英語試題（解析版）

秘密★啟用前【考試時(shí)間：1月16日15:00-17:00】昆明市2024屆高三“三診一?！泵自\斷測試英語注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上，并認(rèn)真核準(zhǔn)條形碼上的準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、姓名、考場號(hào)、座位號(hào)及科目，在規(guī)定的位置貼好條形碼。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanprobablydowiththeman’sphone?A.Repairit. B.Checkit. C.Replaceit.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Iboughtacellphonehereafewdaysago,butitseemstobeoutoforder.W:I’msorryaboutthat.Iwillcontactthemanufacturerrightawayandhaveabrand-newoneofthesamemodelatthestoreassoonaspossible.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whydidthemancometotalktothewoman?A.Toseekadvice. B.Toofferinformation. C.Togivesupport.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Ben,I’veheardyou’retakingpartinthespeakingcompetition.M:Yes,andIcometoaskyouforsomeguidanceontheartofpublicspeaking.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onafarm. B.Athome. C.Inamarket.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Look,hownicethesetomatoesare.Shallwepicksomeout?W:Sure.Let’smakeasouptonightfordinner.M:Perfect.Thenwe’llalsoneedsomebeef,too.Let’sseeifwecanfindsomefreshbread.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whenwillthespeakerspossiblyarriveatthehotel?A.At5:45. B.At6:15. C.At7:00.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Hurryup!Wearegoingtobelate!Wehavetobeatthehotelbefore7:00forthewedding.M:It’sonly5:45now,andtherushhourisalmostover.Don’tworry.Wewillmakeitinhalfanhour.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Alanguagelesson. B.Atouristdestination. C.Abusinesstrip.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:You’regoingtoSouthAmerica?Wow!Howlong?W:Threemonths.It’sonlytemporarybutI’vealreadystartedtakingSpanishlessons.Andthecompanywillgetmeanapartmentratherthanahotelforthatlong.M:Soundsprettygood.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatwillthenewgallerydo?A.Holdacompetition. B.Sellworkstolocals. C.Exhibitworksofnewartists.7.Howcanthespeakerscompletethesubmissionprocess?A.Byapplyingonline. B.Bydeliveringtheworks. C.Byregisteringinperson.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W:HeyJason,didyouhearaboutthenewgalleryintown?M:No.W:Worksofnewartistswillbeonshow.It’llbeagreatopportunitytogetinvolved.M:Whatdoyoumean?W:Yousee,wecouldsubmitsomeofourownartworksandseeiftheygetaccepted.It’llbeagreatchancetogetourworksseenbyawideraudience.M:Greatidea!Haveyoulookedintothesubmissionprocessyet?W:Yeah,it’sontheirwebsite,wherewejustneedtofilloutaformandgetourworksattached.M:Okay!Let’sdoit!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhydidJimmystarttheclub?A.Toteachchessclasses.B.Toorganizefuntournaments.C.Toteachadvancedtechniques.9.WhichofthefollowingimpressesLinda?A.Thecompetitivenature. B.Thechessstrategies. C.Theagerange.10.WhatdoesLindaoffertodo?A.Helptoruntheclub. B.Providesomemoney. C.Callupnewmembers.【答案】8.B9.C10.B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Linda!W:Hi,Jimmy!Yourcommunitycenterchessclubseemstobetakingoff!M:Iknow,Linda,whowouldhaveexpectedit?Wejustwantedtorunsomelocaltournamentsforabitoffunbutnowwe’redoingbeginners’classesandsomeoftheadultsaresharingadvancedchessstrategies.W:It’sgreat!Iloveitbecauseitcrossesagegroupswith10-year-oldgeniusesandadultswhoarejuststarting.M:Yeah,butthemostimportantthingisthatit’ssociableandfun.W:Youknow,itdoesn’tneedmuchencouragement,butIwasthinkingofgivingyourgroupsomefinancialsupport…M:What?Really?You’resogenerous!Thanks!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whatdoesthemanthinkofself-helpbooks?A.Special. B.Practical. C.Dull.12.Howdoesthewomanusuallyreadself-helpbooks?A.Shepickstheusefulcontents.B.Shegoesthroughtwochapters.C.Shereadsfrombeginningtoend.13.Whatisthebookabout?A.Personalexperience. B.Anaturaldisaster. C.Countrylife.【答案】11.C12.A13.A【解析】【原文】W:ThislatestbookbyLouiseRobertsisamazing!It’sfullofexcitementanddramabutit’sactuallyaself-helpbook!M:Thatsoundsabitstrange.Normallythey’requiteboringandoverexplaineverything.W:Yeah,Iagree.Iusuallyendupskippingthroughthemandjustlookingforpracticaltips.Like,whatcanIactuallyemployintomylife?M:Exactly!Howdoesshegetawaywithit?W:Well,it’sherownstorywithreal-lifeevents,howshelearnedtocopewithwhathappenedandhowshewoulddothingsdifferently.Itdoesn’tgiveyoudirectanswers,butremindsyoutobemindfulindifficultsituations.M:Hmm…Itsoundsinterestingbutnotreallymycupoftea.W:Iknowwhatyou’rethinking,butyou’llbesurprised.Readthefirsttwochaptersandtellmewhatyouthink.M:So,what’sthesetup?W:Shestartedoutasacountrygirl.Afteradisasterinhercommunitysheledsomechanges.M:Oh.I’mcuriousnow.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatmightbetherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Couples. B.Colleagues. C.Friends.15.Whatwouldthewomanprefertodo?A.Chaseagoat. B.Watchaparkshow. C.Collecteggs.16.Howdoesthemanlikethefarmlife?A.Advanced. B.Enjoyable. C.Modern.17.Whatmightthespeakersdoafterlunch?A.Paintthefence. B.Takethesubway. C.Enjoystreetperformance.【答案】14.C15.B16.B17.A【解析】【原文】M:Susan,lookatthesechickens!W:Wowthatwasatonofeggs!Yourchickensaremachines!M:Haha,yeah,welcometothecountryside!There’scertainlynochaosofyourcitylifeortheboredomofthosesuburbs!W:It’swild!Inthecity,wejustgotothecornerstoreforeggs.Youdon’tneedtodigthemoutfromunderachicken’ser…bottomM:Andyoumissoutonthefun!W:Hah!You’vegotastrangedefinitionof“fun”.Watchingaplayinthepark,that’sfun!M:We’vebothgotourownbenefits.Didyouenjoythefarmtruckridethough?W:ItwasOkbutsoenergetic.Myorgansfeelrearranged.Andthosethingsdon’tcomewithseatbelts!M:You’retellingme!Tryingchasingagoatgotthetasteoffreedom.W:Haha!I’llsticktomysubways.Thankyouverymuch.Thewildestthingthereistheoccasionalstreetperformer.M:Well,nowyou’vesurvivedtheeggcollectionandtruckride.We’lltryfencepaintingafterlunch.W:Wow.Farm-stylefunneverends,huh?Can’twait…聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.WhatdoesthespeakersayabouttheCityHallStation?A.Itisapopularrestaurantnow.B.Itrepresentsthesplendidbuildingstyle.C.Itisstillusedaspartofthesubwaysystem.19.HowcantouristsseetheOldHallStation?A.TakingNo.6trainline.B.Enteringfromthestreet.C.Gettingamembershipforfree.20.Whoisprobablythespeaker?A.Aradiohost. B.Atourguide. C.Ateacher.【答案】18.B19.A20.A【解析】【原文】Goodevening,dearlisteners.IamGenaBennett.It’sArtCulture.Today,I’dliketotalkaboutanOldNewYorkTrainStation.CityHallStationwasoneofNewYorkCity’sfirstundergroundsubwaystations.NowcalledOldCityHallStation,itwasbuiltduringatimewhenmanypublicbuildingsandspacesweredesignedtoappearsplendid.Althoughitisnolongerpartofthesubwaysystem,OldCityHallStationisstillbeingused.Onetrainline,theNo.6,usestheOldCityHallStationtoturnaround.Andwhilethepubliccannotenterthestationfromthestreet,themembersoftheNewYorkTransitMuseumcanseethestationafewtimesayearatacostofabout$50.Overtheyears,therehavebeenideastomaketheoldstationarestaurantoraplacefortravelerstothecitytovisit.However,securityconcernsputthoseideastorest.Today,theunofficialwayforthepublictoseetheoldstationisbytakingtheNo.6trainandstayingonafterthelaststop.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABecomeaReadingVolunteerandChangeaChild’sStoryHelpachildlearntoreadsothattheycansucceedinschoolandbeyond.AnhouraweekforyouYou’llspendonehouraweekreadingstorieswithachildagedbetween5and10yearsold,onoursecureonlineplatform.Theprogrammeinvolvestwo30-minutesessionsaweekwiththesamechild,forsixweeks.Ouronlinevolunteeringcanfitaroundyourscheduleandthere’snoneedtotravel.Weaskallourvolunteerstocompleteatleastthreeprogramsayear-andwe’dloveyoutodomore-sowecancontinuetosupportasmanychildrenaspossible.AworldofopportunityforthemYou’llgettoseeyouryoungreaders’progress,knowingthatyouareopeningupaworldofopportunityfortheirfuture.YOURTIME.THEIRFUTURE.AsaBookmarkvolunteeryou’ll:Helpchildrengainthereadingskillstheyneedtoprogressatschoolandinlife.Helpboostachild’sconfidencebygivingthemone-to-oneattention.Showlearningtoreadcanbefun!It’samazingwhenyouintroduceayoungreadertoabook,comicorpoemthattheylove.Joinourcommunity.Volunteerscansharetipsandstoriesonouronlineforumandmeetlike-mindedpeopleattheonlineevents.Enrichyourweek.Takingtimeoutofyourdaytoreadwithachildcansupportyourownwellbeingasyouenjoyanewexperience.21.Whatshouldthevolunteersdointheprogram?A.Organizecharityevents. B.Donatebookstoprimaryschool.C.Readstorieswithchildren. D.Openupanonlinereadingclub.22.Whoaremostlikelytobepotentialapplicants?A.Peoplehopingtoimprovereadingskills. B.Peoplepreferringone-to-oneinteractions.C.Peoplehavingselflessandgivingqualities. D.Peopleneedingsupportfromcommunities.23.Whichcolumnmightthetextbetakenfrom?A.Societyandeducation. B.Scienceandtechnology.C.Artandentertainment. D.Commerceandeconomy.【答案】21.C22.C23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)閱讀志愿者項(xiàng)目，介紹了志愿者職責(zé)和意義?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“You’llspendonehouraweekreadingstorieswithachildagedbetween5and10yearsold,onoursecureonlineplatform.(在我們安全的在線平臺(tái)上，你將每周花一個(gè)小時(shí)和一個(gè)5到10歲的孩子一起讀故事)”可知，志愿者在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目中要和孩子們一起讀故事。故選C。【22題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“You’llgettoseeyouryoungreaders’progress,knowingthatyouareopeningupaworldofopportunityfortheirfuture.(你會(huì)看到你的年輕讀者的進(jìn)步，知道你正在為他們的未來打開一個(gè)充滿機(jī)會(huì)的世界)”；最后一段“Enrichyourweek.Takingtimeoutofyourdaytoreadwithachildcansupportyourownwellbeingasyouenjoyanewexperience.(充實(shí)你的一周。從你的一天中抽出時(shí)間和孩子一起閱讀，當(dāng)你享受一種新的體驗(yàn)時(shí)，可以支持你自己的健康)”以及這是一個(gè)志愿者項(xiàng)目，可推知，有無私奉獻(xiàn)品質(zhì)的人最有可能成為潛在的申請人。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)標(biāo)題“BecomeaReadingVolunteerandChangeaChild’sStory(成為一名閱讀志愿者，改變孩子的故事)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了一個(gè)閱讀志愿者項(xiàng)目，介紹了志愿者職責(zé)和意義?？赏浦恼逻x自社會(huì)和教育專欄。故選A。BFORTWORTH,Texas

—If14-year-oldRuhaniAhluwaliahadherway,herdayswouldbefilledwithtimetolethercuriosityrunfree.Howcanadoctorattackcancerwithmedicinesthatdon’tdamagethepatient?Howcananartisttouchapersonwithahiddenmessageinanoilpainting?ThisisRuhani’sworld

—wherethepursuitoflearningleadstomorelearningforaself-describedRenaissanceteenager,whoismulti-talentedandhasinterests.Sinceage11,shehasbeenworkingsummersinalabattheUniversityofNorthTexasHealthScienceCenterresearchingcancercells.Sheistestingdrugsthatcankillcancercellswhilelimitingthesideeffectsonhealthycells.It’saspecialmissionguidedbytheheartbecauseshelostagreataunttoleukemia(白血病)whenshewasinthesixthgrade.“Whatreallydamagedhereventuallywasthetreatmentandthesideeffectsofit,whichkillsbothcancerandnormalcells.”Ruhaniexplained.Duetothis,Ruhanistartedhercancerresearch.“Iwantedtofindabetterwaytotargetcancercells.”Duringthesummerbetweensixthandseventhgrade,Ruhanibeganresearchinthestudyofcancerwiththehelpofhermother,ParmeetJodhka,amicrobiologyprofessor,whotaughtherdaughterthenecessarybiology.Workingfromabout10a.m.to3p.m.inthelab,shehasfinallypresentedherfindingsatmultiplesciencefairs.HerlistofaccomplishmentsisfivepageslongandincludesplacingthirdinBrazil’ssciencefair,MOSTRATEC,forherbreastcancerresearch.“Ilikelearning,”shesaid,“Thereisadifferencebetweenlearningandstudying.Studying,youaretoostuckinfinishingitandinturningitin.Learning,youaredoingmoreforyourself.”24.WhatisRuhani’sresearchaimedat?A.Testinghowthecancercellswork.B.Savinghergreatauntfromleukemia.C.Relievingthepainofcancerouspersons.D.Protectinghealthycellsincancertreatment.25.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Rouhani’ssummervacation. B.Participantsatthesciencefairs.C.LessonstaughtbyParmeetJodhka. D.Thetirelesseffortsontheresearch.26.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?.A.Learningistheeyeofthemindforall.B.Learningismoredifficultthanstudying.C.Learningistoomuchofaburdentobear.D.Learningisameansofself-improvement.27.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.AGirl’sLastingPursuitofLearning B.NewBirthofaYoungProfessorC.SuccessofaWell-roundedTeenager D.StimulationofStudents’Curiosity【答案】24.D25.D26.D27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。14歲的魯哈尼·阿盧瓦利亞多才多藝，興趣廣泛，對學(xué)習(xí)有持久的追求。文章對她的經(jīng)歷進(jìn)行了報(bào)道?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Sheistestingdrugsthatcankillcancercellswhilelimitingthesideeffectsonhealthycells.(她正在測試一種既能殺死癌細(xì)胞，又能限制對健康細(xì)胞副作用的藥物。)”可知，魯哈尼的研究目的是在癌癥治療中保護(hù)健康細(xì)胞。故選D。【25題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句“Workingfromabout10a.m.to3p.m.inthelab,shehasfinallypresentedherfindingsatmultiplesciencefairs.HerlistofaccomplishmentsisfivepageslongandincludesplacingthirdinBrazil’ssciencefair,MOSTRATEC,forherbreastcancerresearch.(從上午10點(diǎn)工作到下午3點(diǎn)，她終于在多個(gè)科學(xué)展覽會(huì)上展示了她的發(fā)現(xiàn)。她的成就清單長達(dá)5頁，其中包括她的乳腺癌研究在巴西科學(xué)博覽會(huì)MOSTRATEC上獲得第三名。)”可知，第四段主要是講魯哈尼在研究上的不懈努力。故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Studying,youaretoostuckinfinishingitandinturningitin.Learning,youaredoingmoreforyourself.(學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，你太執(zhí)著于完成作業(yè)和交作業(yè)。習(xí)得，你在為自己做更多的事情。)”可知，習(xí)得是自我完善的方式。故選D?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“FORTWORTH,Texas—If14-year-oldRuhaniAhluwaliahadherway,herdayswouldbefilledwithtimetolethercuriosityrunfree.(德克薩斯州沃斯堡——如果14歲的魯哈尼·阿盧瓦利亞能如愿以償，她的每一天都會(huì)被時(shí)間填滿，讓她的好奇心自由馳騁。)”和最后一句“ThisisRuhani’sworld—wherethepursuitoflearningleadstomorelearningforaself-describedRenaissanceteenager,whoismulti-talentedandhasinterests.(這是魯哈尼的世界——在這里，對學(xué)習(xí)的追求為一個(gè)自稱文藝復(fù)興的少女帶來了更多的學(xué)習(xí)，她多才多藝，興趣廣泛。)”可知，文章主要介紹了一個(gè)女孩對學(xué)習(xí)的持久追求。故選A。CHaveyoueverseenyourcatordogeatinggrass?Theydosobecauseitcanhelptheirdigestion,andmanywildspeciesusenaturalsubstancestopreventandcontroldiseases.Thisiscalled“zoopharmacognosy”or,morecommonly,animalself-medication.Scientistshavediscoveredthattamarinmonkeysuseaspecifictreeresin(樹脂)asmedicine.IntheBrazilianAtlanticForest,scientistsfollowedseveralgroupsofthemtocollectdata.Duringoneofthesedailystudies,tamarinmonkeyswereobservedrubbingtheirbodiesonthetrunkofatree.Atfirst,researchersthoughtthattheyweremarkingtheirterritory,acommonbehaviourinthisspecies.Botanicalexpertslaterconfirmedthatthetreewasaspeciesofcabreuva,whichiswellknownforitsmedicalproperties.Researchersdecidedtoplacecamera-trapsindifferentsitesatthefootofthetreetorecordfuturevisitsbytamarinmonkeys.Therecordssurprisinglyshowedthatmanyanimalslivingintheforestvisitedit.Totally,tenspecieswereobserved.Formanyofthem,itwasthefirsttimethatbehaviorssimilartoself-medicationhadbeenobserved.Moresurprisingly,onespeciesspreadresinoneachother’sfurinpairs.Ingeneral,thespeciesseemedtospecificallyvisitthetreetoacquiretheresinandseeminglybenefitfromit,eitherhealingtheirwoundsorfightingbackparasites(寄生蟲).Whilefurtherstudiesareneededtoidentifythepropertiesoftheresinandthusconfirmthatthisisindeedself-medication,theuseofitsuggeststhatcabreuvarepresentsacommonanduniversaldrugstorefortheresidentsoftheBrazilianAtlanticForest.Itislikelytobeavaluableresourcehelpingthespeciesmaintaintheirmagnitudebyimprovingtheirhealth.Thisdiscoverycouldhaveanimportantprotectioninfluence,asthedisappearanceofsometreescouldpotentiallyaffectthesurvivalofsomeanimals.28.Whydotamarinmonkeysrubthemselvesagainstthetree?A.Theyaretryingtocurediseases. B.Theywouldliketodigestwhattheyeat.C.Theyfeellikeoccupyingtheland. D.Theyareattractingcompanions’attention.29.Whatdoresearchersfindthroughcamera-traps?A.Manyanimalscopymonkeys’behaviors. B.Animalscanhelpeachothercleanthefur.C.Thecabreduvaisthehabitatoftamarinmonkeys. D.Resincanbeusedasmedicineforsomeanimals30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“magnitude”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Populations. B.Characteristics. C.Similarities. D.Flexibilities.31.Whatisthepossiblesignificanceofthediscovery?A.Promotingevolutionofcreatures. B.Increasingtheproductionofresin.C.Contributingtoforestconservation. D.Motivatingthestudyofmonkeys’diet.【答案】28.A29.D30.A31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)動(dòng)物會(huì)使用一種特殊的樹樹脂作為藥物來療傷。文章解釋了研究開展的經(jīng)過以及發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Duringoneofthesedailystudies,tamarinmonkeyswereobservedrubbingtheirbodiesonthetrunkofatree.Atfirst,researchersthoughtthattheyweremarkingtheirterritory,acommonbehaviourinthisspecies.Botanicalexpertslaterconfirmedthatthetreewasaspeciesofcabreuva,whichiswellknownforitsmedicalproperties.(在其中一項(xiàng)日常研究中，研究人員觀察到絹毛猴在樹干上摩擦身體。起初，研究人員認(rèn)為它們是在標(biāo)記自己的領(lǐng)地，這是這種物種的常見行為。植物學(xué)專家后來證實(shí)，這棵樹是一種以其藥用特性而聞名的紅檀香)”可知，絹毛猴要在樹上摩擦自己是為了努力治療疾病。故選A?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Researchersdecidedtoplacecamera-trapsindifferentsitesatthefootofthetreetorecordfuturevisitsbytamarinmonkeys.Therecordssurprisinglyshowedthatmanyanimalslivingintheforestvisitedit.Totally,tenspecieswereobserved.Formanyofthem,itwasthefirsttimethatbehaviorssimilartoself-medicationhadbeenobserved.Moresurprisingly,onespeciesspreadresinoneachother’sfurinpairs.Ingeneral,thespeciesseemedtospecificallyvisitthetreetoacquiretheresinandseeminglybenefitfromit,eitherhealingtheirwoundsorfightingbackparasites( 寄生蟲 ).(研究人員決定在樹腳的不同位置放置相機(jī)陷阱，以記錄未來絹毛猴的訪問。令人驚訝的是，記錄顯示許多生活在森林里的動(dòng)物來過這里。共觀察到10種。對他們中的許多人來說，這是第一次觀察到類似于自我藥物治療的行為。更令人驚訝的是，一個(gè)物種會(huì)成對地在對方的皮毛上涂抹樹脂。一般來說，這些物種似乎專門訪問樹來獲取樹脂，并從中受益，要么治愈傷口，要么擊退寄生蟲。)”可知，研究人員通過相機(jī)陷阱發(fā)現(xiàn)樹脂可以用作一些動(dòng)物的藥。故選D。【30題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Itislikelytobeavaluableresourcehelpingthespeciesmaintaintheir”以及后文“byimprovingtheirhealth”可知，紅檀香是一種寶貴的資源，所以通過改善它們的健康狀況可以有助于保持紅檀香樹木的數(shù)量。故劃線詞意思是“數(shù)量”。故選A?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thisdiscoverycouldhaveanimportantprotectioninfluence,asthedisappearanceofsometreescouldpotentiallyaffectthesurvivalofsomeanimals.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會(huì)對保護(hù)產(chǎn)生重要影響，因?yàn)橐恍淠镜南Э赡軙?huì)影響一些動(dòng)物的生存)”可知，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的可能意義是有助于森林保護(hù)。故選C。DAddinggame-likeelementstonon-gameactivitiesispartofappdesign.Streaks(計(jì)數(shù)器)encourageuserstologintoproductseachday.Medalsrewardthemforcompletingtasks.Leaderboardsaddthespiceofcompetition.Suchfeaturescanhelpothersstaymotivatedwhileachievingagoaltheyfinddifficulttostickto.WhenDuolingo,alanguage-learningapp,wentpublicin2021,itwasclearthatgame-likefeaturesplayacrucialroleinkeepingitsusersengaged.ButasYou’veBeenPlayed,anewbookbyagamedesignerAdrianHonnotes,firmsshouldbeverycarefulabouthowtheygamifyexperiences.Ifgettinggamificationwrong,youcanannoybothcustomersandemployees.Forcustomers,theobviousdangers

—annoyingpeoplewithconstantnoticesaboutstreaks,ordiscouragingthembyshowinghowlowdownaleaderboardtheysit

—arenottheonlyones.Somtimes,someactivitiessurelyneedadded“fun”.Forinstance,appsdesignedtoencouragepeopletosavemoneycanhappilyusegamifiedfeatureslikemoneyjarstotrackprogress.However,someactivitiesreallydon’tneedadded“fun”.Onereadingappofferstounlockanimations(動(dòng)畫)ifusershitcertainreadinglandmarks;ifyoupresentreadingastime-consuming,youaretellingreaderstheyaresuffering.Foremployees,turningrepetitiveworkintovideogamesisatechniquethatAmazonhasreportedlyusedtorepresentworkers’progress.Yettheseideasmaycausenegativeimpact.Forcedrankingsmotivatesomepeoplewhilestressingothersout.GitHub,anopen-sourcecodingplatform,withdrewitsstreakfeatureafterconcernswereraisedthatitwaspushingprogrammerstoworkeveryweekend.AsMr.Honobserves,gamesaremuchlessenjoyableifyouhavenochoiceoverwhethertoparticipateornot.Addingfuncanwork,butonlyifitistakenseriously.32.Whatistheauthor’spurposebymentioningDuolingoinParagraph2?A.Toputanadvertisementfortheapp.B.Toillustratehowgamificationhelps.C.Tocomparedifferentgame-likeelements.D.Toinvitemorecustomerstolearnlanguages.33.Whatarethecustomersupsetwith?A.Thepressureofoverwork. B.Thebriefdelayofprogress.C.Theawfulwasteofmoney. D.Endlessbotheringringtones.34.WhydoesGithubcancelitsstreakfeature?A.Itrunsoutofemployees’patience.B.Itaddsstressandunnecessarywork.C.Itgetsemployeesaddictedtofungames.D.Itcausesconflictsbetweenprogrammers.35.WhatisAdrianHon’sattitudetowardsgamification?A.Doubtful. B.Critical. C.Objective. D.Supportive.【答案】32.B33.D34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。在非游戲活動(dòng)中添加游戲元素是應(yīng)用設(shè)計(jì)的一部分，這些特點(diǎn)可以幫助別人在實(shí)現(xiàn)他們難以堅(jiān)持的目標(biāo)時(shí)保持動(dòng)力，增加應(yīng)用的用戶粘性，但是公司應(yīng)該謹(jǐn)慎對待游戲化體驗(yàn)的方式。如果游戲化操作錯(cuò)誤，你可能會(huì)惹惱客戶和員工。文章對此進(jìn)行了介紹?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Suchfeaturescanhelpothersstaymotivatedwhileachievingagoaltheyfinddifficulttostickto.(這些特點(diǎn)可以幫助別人在實(shí)現(xiàn)他們難以堅(jiān)持的目標(biāo)時(shí)保持動(dòng)力。)”和第二句中的“itwasclearthatgame-likefeaturesplayacrucialroleinkeepingitsusersengaged(很明顯，類游戲功能在保持用戶粘性方面發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用)”可知，作者在第二段提到Duolingo的目的是為了說明游戲化的作用。故選B。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Forcustomers,theobviousdangers—annoyingpeoplewithconstantnoticesaboutstreaks,ordiscouragingthembyshowinghowlowdownaleaderboardtheysit—arenottheonlyones.(對于顧客來說，這些顯而易見的危險(xiǎn)——不斷提醒顧客注意自己的連續(xù)得分，或者顯示自己在排行榜上的排名有多低，讓顧客感到厭煩——并不是唯一的危險(xiǎn)。)”可知，用戶會(huì)對沒完沒了的提示感到難受。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“GitHub,anopen-sourcecodingplatform,withdrewitsstreakfeatureafterconcernswereraisedthatitwaspushingprogrammerstoworkeveryweekend.(GitHub是一個(gè)開源編碼平臺(tái)，在有人擔(dān)心它迫使程序員每個(gè)周末都工作后，它取消了計(jì)數(shù)器功能。)”和第三句“Forcedrankingsmotivatesomepeoplewhilestressingothersout.(強(qiáng)制排名激勵(lì)了一些人，同時(shí)也讓另一些人感到壓力。)”可知，GitHub取消計(jì)數(shù)器功能是因?yàn)樗黾恿藟毫筒槐匾墓ぷ?。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ButasYou’veBeenPlayed,anewbookbyagamedesignerAdrianHonnotes,firmsshouldbeverycarefulabouthowtheygamifyexperiences.Ifgettinggamificationwrong,youcanannoybothcustomersandemployees.(但正如游戲設(shè)計(jì)師AdrianHon在其新書《You’veBeenPlayed》中所指出的那樣，公司應(yīng)該謹(jǐn)慎對待游戲化體驗(yàn)的方式。如果游戲化操作錯(cuò)誤，你可能會(huì)惹惱客戶和員工。)”和最后一段“AsMr.Honobserves,gamesaremuchlessenjoyableifyouhavenochoiceoverwhethertoparticipateornot.Addingfuncanwork,butonlyifitistakenseriously.(正如Hon先生所觀察到的那樣，如果你無法選擇是否參與游戲，游戲就會(huì)變得不那么有趣。添加樂趣是有效的，但前提是要認(rèn)真對待。)”可知，AdrianHon對游戲化的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Beingorganizedisanimportantpartofbeingastudent.____36____Recommendedapproachesincludeprioritizingyourto-dolists,organizingyourschoolsuppliesandtrackingclosingdates.Youcanbewellonyourwaytobecominganorganizedstudent.●Haveamorningroutine.Agreatwaytostayorganizedistohavethesameroutineeverymorning.Itishardertoforgetthingsathomeorcometoschoolunpreparedifyoufollowthesameroutineeachday.Inadditiontoshoweringandgettingdressed,yourmorningroutineshouldincludeahealthybreakfastandaquickcheckofyourbackpack.____37____●Beginprojectsatonce.Trytobeginworkingonhomeworkandotherprojectsassoonasyouknowwhattheassignmentwillbe.____38____Itwillmakeithardertoorganizeotherpartsofyourstudentlife.Organizingtimeforhomeworkeverynightwillhelpyoucompleteyourschoolworkmoreeffectively.●____39____Separatematerialsbasedonsubjectbyusingdifferentcolors.Formath,forexample,youmightwanttohaveabluebookcover,bluefolderandbluenotebook.Forhistory,youmightchoosepink.Thatway,you’lllookinyourlockerorbackpackandeasilybeabletogetwhatyouneedforeachclass.●Beawareofthedeadlineoftheproject.____40____Considerbuyingawhiteboardorbulletinboardtokeeptrackofwhenyouneedtoturninyourprojects.Thisvisualaidcanhelpyourememberdeadlines.Ifyou’rehavingproblemsfinishingyourworkontime,afunwaytogettheprojectdonemoreeasilyandquicklyistoworkwithfriends.Makesureyourteachersandparentsallowit.A.Colorcodeyourmaterialsbysubject.B.Makesureeverythingyouneedistotallyinit.C.Turntoteachersandfriendsforhelpimmediately.D.It’sespeciallyimportantforjuniorandseniorstudents.EBeingorganizedmeansrememberingwhenyourworkisdue.F.Gettingorganizedisnecessaryforimprovingyourfamilyrelationship.G.Waitinguntilthelastminutetofinishitwillmakeyoufeellessorganized.【答案】36.D37.B38.G39.A40.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了做一名有條理的學(xué)生的一些方法?！?6題詳解】前文“Beingorganizedisanimportantpartofbeingastudent.(有條理是作為一名學(xué)生的重要部分。)”講述了有條理是學(xué)生的重要部分，D項(xiàng)“這對初中和高中的學(xué)生來說尤其重要?！背薪由衔?，進(jìn)一步點(diǎn)明有條理對初高中學(xué)生尤其重要，選項(xiàng)中的It指代前文的Beingorganized。故選D?！?7題詳解】前文“Inadditiontoshoweringandgettingdressed,yourmorningroutineshouldincludeahealthybreakfastandaquickcheckofyourbackpack.(除了洗澡和穿衣，你的早上日常還應(yīng)該包括健康的早餐和快速檢查背包。)”講述了要檢查背包，B項(xiàng)“確保你所需要的一切都在里面。”講述了檢查背包的目的，選項(xiàng)中的it指代前文中的yourbackpack。故選B?！?8題詳解】前文“Trytobeginworkingonhomeworkandotherprojectsassoonasyouknowwhattheassignmentwillbe.(一旦你知道任務(wù)是什么，就試著開始做家庭作業(yè)和其他項(xiàng)目。)”講述了要快速開展作業(yè)，后文“Itwillmakeithardertoorganizeotherpartsofyourstudentlife.(這將使你更難組織學(xué)生生活的其他部分。)”講述了“It”會(huì)讓組織其他學(xué)習(xí)部分更難，由此可知，空處應(yīng)與拖延作業(yè)有關(guān)，G項(xiàng)“等到最后一分鐘才完成會(huì)讓你感覺不那么有條理。”符合題意。故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Separatematerialsbasedonsubjectbyusingdifferentcolors.(根據(jù)學(xué)科使用不同的顏色分開教材。)”可知，這里講述了要根據(jù)學(xué)科來用顏色區(qū)分教材，A項(xiàng)“按主題對材料進(jìn)行顏色編碼?！狈项}意。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Beawareofthedeadlineoftheproject.(注意項(xiàng)目的最后期限。)”可知，這里講述了要注意項(xiàng)目的最后期限，E項(xiàng)“有條理意味著記住你的工作何時(shí)到期?！狈项}意。故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Stellawas5whenshehadasurgerythatleftherwithcasts(石膏)onbothlegsandabarbetweenthem.Itw