2021新高考英語人教版一輪復習學案第一編選修6Unit5Thepowerofnature

Unit5Thepowerofnature晨背分鐘填詞并背記AVolcanoEruptionAsthebestcandidate,_Iwasappointedtocollectandevaluateinformationforadatabaseaboutdiversenaturaldisasters,suchashurricanes,_typhoonsorthunderstorms.SometimesIdidthisbygivingoutquestionnairestothosewhowentthroughthem.ButsometimesIhadtogothroughactualdisastersmyself.TheMusakiVolcanowasoneofthem.Atthattime,Ilivedinabungalowalongsidethevolcanowithanovelist,_whocamefortheappreciationofitseruption.Oneday,whenIwasdrawingdiagramsonthebalconyandhewasbathinginside,thevolcanoeruptedunexpectedly.Theashandlavafountainsshootinghighlyintheskyvaried_from50to100metersinheight.Itwasabsolutelyfantastic!Ievennoticedarainbowappearinthefogcausedbyaheatwave.But,glancingthroughoursurroundings,Iforesawthepotentialdangerandfoundnoguaranteeofoursafety.Theunfortablegasalmostmadeusunconscious.Sweatofanxietybegantodrop.Managingtostoppanickingandtrembling,_wequicklyputonourprotectivesuits,_helmetsandbootsandeventuallymade_our_way_toasafeplace.Howluckywewereeventhoughmypreciousequipmentanddocumentswereallburnt_to_the_ground!一次火山爆發(fā)作為最好的候選人，我被委派為一個數(shù)據(jù)庫收集和評估各種自然災害的信息，例如颶風、臺風或雷暴等。有時我通過向經(jīng)歷過這些災害的人分發(fā)調(diào)查問卷來收集信息，有時卻得親自經(jīng)歷實際的災害。Musaki火山就是其中之一。那時，我和一名來欣賞火山爆發(fā)的小說家同住在火山邊上的一座平房里。有一天，當我正在陽臺上畫圖表而他在屋里洗澡時，火山突然爆發(fā)了。噴射到天空中的火山灰和巖漿噴泉從50米到100米不等。這一情景絕對地奇異！我甚至還注意到一條彩虹出現(xiàn)在熱浪造成的霧里。然而，我向四周看了一下，馬上預見到了潛在的危險，也發(fā)現(xiàn)了我們的安全毫無保障。令人不舒服的氣體幾乎使我們失去知覺，憂慮的汗水開始流淌下來。我們努力使自己不要驚慌和顫抖，迅速穿上保護套裝、頭盔和靴子，最后成功前往安全的地方。盡管我珍貴的設備和文件都燒得精光，但是我們真的非常幸運！1．erupt(vi.)(指火山)爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生→eruption(n.)火山爆發(fā)；(戰(zhàn)爭等)爆發(fā)2．equipment(n.)設備；裝備→equip(vt3．evaluate(vt.)評估；評價；估計→evaluation(4．a(chǎn)bsolute(adj.)絕對的；完全的→absolutely(adv.)絕對地；完全地5．a(chǎn)ctual(adj.)實在的；實際的→actually(adv.)實際上6．unfortable(adj.)不舒服的；不舒適的→unfortably(adv.)不舒服地；不舒適地→fortable(反義詞)(adj.)舒服的；舒適的7．unconscious(adj.)失去知覺的；未察覺的→conscious(反義詞)(adj.)有知覺的；有意識的8．diverse(adj.)多種多樣的；不同的→diversity(n.)多種多樣；多樣性9．a(chǎn)ppreciation(n.)欣賞；感激；感謝→appreciate(vt10．glancethrough匆匆看一遍11．beparedwith與……相比12．beaboutto即將13．beamazedat對……感到驚訝14．behometo是……的棲息地15．takenotice留意；注意16．inthedistance在遠處17．haveagiftfor有……的天賦重點知識分鐘appointvt.任命；委派；安排；確定(P34)(1)單句語法填空①He(appoint)asgeneralmanagerforhisrichexperienceaswellasexcellenteducationalbackground.②Ihavean(appoint)withDrSmith,butIneedtochangeit.③Mypatientdidn'tturnupatthetime;thatis,shemissedan(appoint).答案：①wasappointed②appointment③appointed;appointment(2)一句多譯她是這些年來唯一一個被選進董事會的女性。①Sheistheonlyoneofthewomentheboardtheseyears.(定語從句)②Sheistheonlyoneofthewomentheboardtheseyears.(非謂語動詞短語)答案：①whohasbeenappointedto②appointedto(1)appointsb.to_be/as任命某人為……appointsb.todosth.委派某人做某事appointatime/placefor...為……約定時間/地點(2)appointmentn.任命；約會make/have/fixanappointmentwithsb.與某人預約keepanappointment守約；踐約missanappointment失約；爽約(3)appointedadj.約定的；指定的suitn.一套外衣；套裝vt.適合；使適宜(P34)(1)單句語法填空①Heboughtasmallnotebook,whichwasverysuitablehimwhileonbusinessbecauseofitsconvenience.②Onlyinthatwaycanyoufindjobsthatarebestsuitedyourabilitiesandinterests.③They'dsoonbepennilessandhomelessifshecouldn'tfind(suit)work.④JimandMaryseem(suit)toeachother,inspiteoftheirquarrels.答案：①for②to/for③suitable④suited(2)用fit/suit/match的適當形式完成句子Iwanttotakethisjacketbecauseitmewellandmytrousers,thoughthestyledoesn'tme.答案：fits;matches;suit(1)a_suit_of一套/副(2)suitsb.fine很合某人的意；對某人很合適suit...to...使……適合于……(3)suitableadj.適當?shù)?；相配的besuitablefor適合于besuitableto_do_sth.適合做某事(4)suitedadj.合適；適宜；般配的besuitedfor/to...適合做……；適合于……[易混辨析]suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、條件、地位、場合等match多指色調(diào)、形狀、性質(zhì)等方面互相匹配fit多指服裝合身，也可指物體的形狀/尺寸合適anxiousadj.憂慮的；不安的(P38)單句語法填空①Watchinghimclimbupthecliff,everybodywasbreathlessanxiety.②It'snaturalforparentstobeanxioustheirchildren'sfuture.③Asyouknow,everybodyisanxious(see)hisarticlepublishedassoonaspossible.④Ifyouareworriedaboutyourhealth,shareyour(anxious)withyourdoctor.⑤Wewaited(anxious)forourexaminationresults.答案：①with②about③tosee④anxieties⑤anxiously(1)be/beeanxiousaboutsth.對某事憂慮/擔心beanxiousforsth.渴望得到某物beanxiousforsb.為某人擔心beanxious(forsb.)todo...渴望(某人)做……beanxiousthat...擔心/渴望……(2)anxiouslyadv.憂慮地；不安地(3)anxietyn.擔心；焦慮；渴望anxietyforsth.對某事的渴望withanxiety焦慮地panicn.驚慌；恐慌vi.&vt.驚慌(P38)(1)單句語法填空①Thethievesfledpanicassoonastheysawthepoliceman.②Thewholeclass(panic)whentheteachersaidthattherewouldbeaquiztoday.答案：①in②panicked(2)單句寫作我迷路了。不是驚慌失措，而是待在原地等待救援。Ilostmyway.Insteadof，IstayedwhereIwas,waitingforrescue.答案：gettingintoapanic(1)panicsb.intodoingsth.使某人倉惶行事；使倉促行動；嚇得某人做某事(2)getintoapanic驚慌失措(表動作)inpanic驚慌失措地inastateofpanic處于驚慌狀態(tài)amomentofpanic一時的驚慌(3)panic的過去式和過去分詞均為：panickedguaranteevt.保證；擔保n.保證；保證書(P39)單句語法填空①Weguarantee(deliver)yourgoodswithinaweek.②Canyougivemeaguaranteetheworkwillbefinishedontime?③Thecarislessthanayearold,soitisstillguarantee.答案：①todeliver②that③under(1)guaranteesb.sth.保證某人某事guaranteetodosth.保證/擔保做某事beguaranteedtodosth.肯定會/勢必會做某事(2)givesb.aguaranteethat...向某人保證……underguarantee在保修期內(nèi)makeone'sway前往；取得成功(P35)用way相關短語的適當形式填空①Solongasyouworkhard,youcaninlife.②Couldyoumailtheselettersdowntown?③Withoutexperienceinit,wehaveto.④TheGreatWallacrossnorthChinalikeahugedragon.答案：①makeyourway②onyourway③feelourway④windsitswaymakewayfor...為……讓路inthis/thatway用這種/那種方法onone'swayto...在去……的路上feelone'sway摸索著前進loseone'sway迷路windone'sway蜿蜒向前forceone'swayout擠出去；沖出去varyfrom...to...由……到……不等(P39)單句語法填空①Officehoursvarypanytopanyandcountrytocountry.②Roomsvarysizeandsomeareequippedwithtelevisionsandtelephones.③Thepricesofsomevegetablesvarytheseason.④Theradiostationhadanopenlineonwhichlistenerscouldcalluptodiscuss(vary)issues.⑤Everysolidobjectwillreflectasound,(vary)accordingtothesizeandnatureoftheobject.⑥Malaysia,amultiracialandmulticulturalcountry,isfamousforits(vary)offood.答案：①from②in③with④various⑤varying⑥varieties(1)varywith...隨……而變化varyinsize/colour大小/顏色不一樣varybetween...and.../from...to...由……到……情況不等；在……到……之間變動(2)varietyn.種類，多樣化；變化variousadj.各種各樣的；多方面的avarietyof＝varietiesof＝various各種各樣的Theothertwoclimbeddownintothecratertocollectsomelavaforlaterstudy,butthisbeingmyfirstexperience,Istayedatthetopandwatchedthem.(P35)(1)單句語法填空①Time(permit),studentscanfindapart-timejobtodecreasetheburdenoftheirfamily.②Muchtime(spend)sittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.③There(be)nolight,wehadtofeelourwayinthedark.答案：①permitting②spent③being(2)一句多譯整座房子只有這一扇窗子是臨街的，因此無論從對面或是從側面都不必擔心鄰居的窺視。①inthehousefacingthestreet,sononeighbours'glancesweretobefearedfromacrossthestreetorattheside.(并列句)②inthehousefacingthestreet,noneighbours'glancesweretobefearedfromacrossthestreetorattheside.(獨立主格)答案：①Thiswastheonlywindow②Thisbeingtheonlywindowthisbeingmyfirstexperience是獨立主格結構。獨立主格結構主要由“n./pron.＋v.-ing/v.-ed/todo/adj./adv./prep.”構成。此結構中，名詞或代詞起著邏輯主語的作用，其他部分表示狀態(tài)、狀況或動作。獨立主格結構本身不是句子，但在語意上相當于一個句子，在句子中作狀語，表示時間、原因、條件、伴隨等。獨立主格結構一般用逗號與句子主體部分分開。[名師點津]獨立主格構成形式：(1)獨立分詞結構：名詞或代詞主格＋分詞(2)獨立不定式結構：名詞或代詞主格＋不定式(3)名詞或代詞主格＋形容詞(副詞、名詞、介詞短語)(4)There/It/This/Thatbeing＋名詞/代詞主格(5)with復合結構Itissaidthatthisboy,whohadagreatgiftforlanguagesandpersuasion,isthefatheroftheManchupeople.(P39)(1)單句語法填空①Heisthought(act)foolishly.Nowhehasnoonebuthimselftoblameforlosingthejob.②Carbondioxideissaid(heat)theearthtwiceasquicklyaspreviouslyfeared.答案：①tohaveacted②tobeheating(2)一句多譯據(jù)說前幾天她寫了一篇關于野生動物保護的報告。①shewroteareportaboutwildlifeprotectiontheotherday.②Sheaboutwildlifeprotectiontheotherday.答案：①Itissaidthat②issaidtohavewrittenareport句中Itissaidthat...為固定句式，意為“據(jù)說……”，it為形式主語，真正的主語為that引導的主語從句。該結構相當于peoplesaythat...，還可以改成“Sb.issaidtodosth.”結構，其中不定式有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。類似結構：課文語法填空分鐘Ihavethegreatestjobintheworld.Itraveltounusualplacesandworkalongsidepeoplefromallovertheworld.Althoughmyjobisoccasionally1(danger),Idon'tmindbecausedangerexcitesmeandmakesmefeelalive.I2(appoint)asavolcanologistworkingfortheHawaiianVolcanoObservatorytwentyyearsago.MyjobiscollectinginformationforadatabaseaboutMountKilauea,3isoneofthemostactivevolcanoesinHawaii.Havingcollectedandevaluatedthe4(inform),Ihelpothervolcanologiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.Ourworkhassavedmanylivesbecausepeople5thepathofthelavacanbewarnedtoleavetheirhouses.6(fortunate),wecannotmovetheirhomesoutoftheway,andmanyhouseshavebeencoveredwithlavaorburnedto7ground.Today,Iamjust8enthusiasticaboutmyjobasthedayIfirststarted.9(study)volcanoesnowformanyyears,Iamstill10(amaze)attheirbeautyaswellastheirpotentialtocausegreatdamage.1．2.3.4.5.6．7.8.9.10.答案：1.dangerous2.wasrmation5.in6.Unfortunately7.the8.as9.Havingstudied10.amazed▲information“信息”，為純不可數(shù)名詞，即在任何情況下都沒有復數(shù)形式，前面也不可加不定冠詞。高中階段常見的純不可數(shù)名詞還有：progress(進步)，advice(建議)，equipment(設備)，space(空間),fun(有趣)等?！癏avingcollectedandevaluated”是現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，在句中作狀語?，F(xiàn)在分詞與句子的邏輯主語之間是主動關系?，F(xiàn)在分詞的一般式常表示該動作與句子謂語動詞表示的動作同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生，而現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式則表示該動作早于句子謂語動詞表示的動作發(fā)生。隨堂檢測分鐘Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Afirebrokeoutinourtownrecentlyandalargefactory(burn)totheground.答案：wasburned/burnt2．Hemadehisreasonsforresigning(absolute)clear.答案：absolutely3．Thepopstarwalkedoutofthestage,(wave)herhandselegantlytohercrazyfans.答案：waving4．Itisthesecondtimethatthevolcano(erupt)inlessthanamonth.答案：haserupted5．Thisstudymaycontributetotreating(anxious)andstressbetter.答案：anxiety6．IwasabouttohandinthepaperIfoundanothermistakeandthencorrecteditcarefully.答案：when7．This(be)myfirstperformance,IwassonervousthatIfeltIcouldhardlybreathe.答案：being8．(wait)inthequeueforhalfanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.答案：Havingwaited9．Thesunbegantoriseinthesky,(bathe)themountainingoldenlight.答案：bathing10．ChangbaishanisChina'slargestnaturereserveandishomeroedeer.答案：toⅡ.教材微寫作A．根據(jù)提示完成句子1．我的朋友李華是一個很有潛力的人。(potentialabilities)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Myfriend,LiHua,isapersonwhohaspotentialabilities.2．大學畢業(yè)后他被任命為一名消防隊員。(appoint...as...)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Aftergraduatingfromcollege,hewasappointedasafirefighter.3．一天下班后，他正要去購物，這時他發(fā)現(xiàn)一間房屋著火了。(breakout)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Onedayafterwork,hewasabouttogoshoppingwhenhefoundafirebrokeoutinahouse.4．跑到現(xiàn)場，他匆匆地看了一下火情，穿過人群，不驚不慌地沖進燃燒的建筑物里。(glancethrough)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Rushingtothespotandglancingthroughthesituationofthefire,hemadehiswaythroughthecrowdwithoutpanic,andwentintotheburningbuilding.5．他冒著生命危險救出了被困的五個孩子。(risk)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Riskinghisownlife,hesavedfivechildrentrappedinthefire.6．他的英勇行為受到了同事和領導的表揚。(becauseof)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Becauseofhisheroicbehavior,hewaspraisedbyhiscolleaguesandleader.B．將以上句子連成一篇邏輯嚴密的短文，注意書寫規(guī)范答案：Myfriend,LiHua,isapersonwhohaspotentialabilities.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,hewa