新教材英語人教版選擇性課時作業(yè)21Unit5WorkingtheLandReadingandThinking

閱讀理解AOrganicfood(有機食品)isverypopular.Itisalsoexpensive.Someorganicfoodcoststwiceasmuchasnon-organicfood.Someparentsandpetownerspayupto200percentmorefororganicfoodwhilesomepeoplethinkorganicfoodisawasteofmoney.Thereisonemaindifferencebetweenorganicandnon-organicfood.Organicfarmsdonotuseagriculturalchemicals,suchaspesticides(殺蟲劑).Thismakessurethattheproductsarenatural.Somepeoplethink“organic”means“l(fā)ocallygrown”.Atthebeginning,thiswastrue.Overtimeorganicfarmingbecamemoredifficult.Thedemandfororganicfoodgrewlargerthanthesupply.Smallpanieshadtosellouttolargepanies.Thereweren'tenoughorganicmaterials.Thismadeitdifficultformanyorganicpaniestostayinbusiness.Today,manylargepanieshaveanorganiclineofproducts.Isorganicfoodmorenutritious(有營養(yǎng)的)?Thisispartofthedebate.Manyfarmersandconsumers(消費者)believeitis.Theythinkagriculturalchemicalscausehealthproblems,suchascancer.Manyhealthexpertsdisagree.Fewstudiesprovethatorganicfoodpreventshealthproblems.Healthexpertsworrymoreaboutbacteria(細菌).Thesecaneintocontactwithorganicandnon-organicfood.Doctorsremendwashingproduceverycarefully.Mostpeopleagreethatnaturallygrownfoodtastesbetter.Istastierfoodworththeextramoney?Thisisamatterofopinion.Whetheritishealthierornotmayrequiremoreresearch.However,organicconsumersargueitisbettertobesafethansorry.本文介紹了有機食品很受歡迎，雖然價格很貴，但是味道好，吃得放心，有機食品消費者認為安全第一。1．Whatisprobablythemajorconcern(關(guān)注)oforganicfoodconsumers?A．Price. B．Safety.C．Freshness. D．Variety.答案：B解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段However,organicconsumersargueitisbettertobesafethansorry.(然而，有機食品消費者認為安全比后悔好。)可知只要安全，消費者寧愿多花點錢，故選B。2．Whatisthedoctors'suggestion?A．Growyourownfood.B．Reducetheuseofpesticides.C．Makesurethefoodisclean.D．Buylargepanies'products.答案：C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句Doctorsremendwashingproduceverycarefully.(醫(yī)生建議清洗時要非常小心。)可知醫(yī)生建議食品要清洗干凈，故選C。3.Whichofthefollowingdomostpeopleagreeonorganicfood?A．Ittastesbetter. B．Itiseasiertogrow.C．Itcontainsmorefat. D．Itismorenutritious.答案：A解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句Mostpeopleagreethatnaturallygrownfoodtastesbetter.(大多數(shù)人都同意自然生長的食物味道更好。)可知有機食品嘗起來很好，故選A。4.Wheredoesthistextprobablyefrom?A．Ahealthmagazine. B．Amedicalreport.C．Achemistrypaper. D．Amenuofarestaurant.答案：A解析：細節(jié)理解題。本文介紹的是有機食品，價格貴卻很受歡迎，安全健康第一，所以跟健康有關(guān)，故選A。BI'lladmitI'veneverquiteunderstoodtheobsession(難以破除的成見)surroundinggeneticallymodified(GM)crops.Toenvironmentalistopponents，GMfoodsaresimplyevil，anunderstudied，possiblyharmfultoolusedbybigagriculturalbusinessestocontrolglobalseedmarketsandbeatlocalfarmers.TheyarguethatGMfoodshaveneverdeliveredontheirsupposedpromise，thatmoneyspentonGMcropswouldbebetterchanneledtoorganicfarmingandthatconsumersshouldbeprotectedwithwarninglabelsonanyproductsthatcontaingeneticallymodifiedingredients.Tosupporters，GMcropsareakeypartoftheefforttosustainablyprovidefoodtomeetagrowingglobalpopulation.Butmorethanthat，supportersseetheGMoppositionofmanyenvironmentalistsasfundamentallyanti-science，nodifferentthanthosewhoquestionthebasicsofman-madeclimatechange.Forbothsides，GMfoodsseemtoactasasymbol:you'repro-agriculturalbusinessoranti-science.ButscienceisexactlywhatweneedmoreofwhenitestoGMfoods，whichiswhyIwashappytoseeNaturedevoteaspecialseriesofarticlestotheGMfoodcontroversy.Theconclusion:whileGMcropshaven'tyetrealizedtheirinitialpromiseandhavebeendominatedbyagriculturalbusinesses，thereisreasontocontinuetouseanddevelopthemtohelpmeettheenormouschallengeofsustainablyfeedingagrowingplanet.Thatdoesn'tmeanGMcropsareperfect，oraone-size-fits-allsolutiontoglobalagricultureproblems.Butanythingthatcanincreasefarmingefficiency—theamountofcropswecanproduceperacreofland—willbeextremelyuseful.GMcropscanandalmostcertainlywillbepartofthatsuiteoftools,butsowilltraditionalplantbreeding，improvedsoilandcropmanagement—andperhapsmostimportantofall，betterstorageandtransportinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)especiallyinthedevelopingworld.(Itdoesn'tdomuchgoodforfarmersinplaceslikesub-SaharanAfricatoproducemorefoodiftheycan'tgetittohungryconsumers.)I'dliketoseemorenon-industryresearchdoneonGMcrops—notjustbecausewe'dworrylessaboutprejudice，butalsobecauseseedpanieslikeMonsantoandPioneershouldn'tbetheonlyentities(實體)workingtoharnessgeneticmodification.I'dliketoseeGMresearchonlessmercialcrops，likecorn.Idon'tthinkit'svitaltolabelGMingredientsinfood，butIalsowouldn'tbeagainstit—andindustrywouldbesmarttogoalongwithlabeling，justasawayofremovingfearsaboutthetechnology.Mostofall，though，Iwishatenthoftheenergythat'sspentendlesslydebatingGMcropswasfocusedonthosemorepressingchallengesforglobalagriculture.Therearemuchbiggerbattlestofight.這是一篇說明文。文章講述了關(guān)于轉(zhuǎn)基因農(nóng)作物的討論。作者認為與其關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)基因農(nóng)作物，不如花時間來關(guān)注一下全球農(nóng)業(yè)面臨的更緊迫的挑戰(zhàn)。1.HowdoenvironmentalistopponentsviewGMfoodsaccordingtothepassage?A．Theywilleventuallyruinagricultureandtheenvironment.B．Theyareusedbybigbusinessestodominateagriculture.C．Theyhaveprovedpotentiallyharmfultoconsumers'health.D．Theyposeabigthreattocurrentfarmingpractice.答案：B解析：推理判斷題。第一段Toenvironmentalistopponents，GMfoodsaresimplyevil，anunderstudied，possiblyharmfultoolusedbybigagriculturalbusinessestocontrolglobalseedmarketsandbeatlocalfarmers.指出奉行環(huán)境保護主義的反對者們反對轉(zhuǎn)基因食品是因為轉(zhuǎn)基因食品邪惡、沒有經(jīng)過充分研究并可能成為大型農(nóng)業(yè)公司控制全球種子市場和壓榨當?shù)剞r(nóng)民的工具。由此可見，B的意思符合文意，即轉(zhuǎn)基因食品是一種被大型農(nóng)業(yè)公司用以壟斷的工具，故選B。2．Whatdoestheauthorsayisvitaltosolvingthecontroversybetweenthetwosidesofthedebate?A．BreakingtheGMfoodmonopoly(壟斷).B．Morefriendlyexchangeofideas.C．RegulatingGMfoodproduction.D．MorescientificresearchonGMcrops.答案：D解析：細節(jié)理解題。第二段首句就提到了題干中的twosides，表明對雙方而言，轉(zhuǎn)基因食品標志著你是親農(nóng)業(yè)還是反科學(xué)。第二句中ButscienceisexactlywhatweneedmoreofwhenitestoGMfoods接著指出，當涉及轉(zhuǎn)基因食品時，我們更需要的是科學(xué)，故答案為D。3．Whatistheauthor'sviewonthesolutiontoagriculturalproblems?A．IthastodependmoreandmoreonGMtechnology.B．Itisvitaltothesustainabledevelopmentofhumansociety.C．GMcropsshouldbealloweduntilbetteralternativesarefound.D．Whateverisusefultoimprovefarmingefficiencyshouldbeencouraged.答案：