廣州市新版教材八年級英語上冊期中語法復習

廣州市新版教材八年級英語上冊期中語法復習Unit1some與any的區(qū)別some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，幾個”作形容詞時，后面可以接①不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動詞；②可數(shù)名詞+復數(shù)動詞。Look!Someofthestudentsarecleaningthelibrary.Somericeinthebaghasbeensoldout.2）any多用于疑問句、條件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容詞時，后面可接①不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動詞；②可數(shù)名詞+復數(shù)動詞。Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseaskme.Thereisn'tanyorangeinthebottle.Haveyougotanytea?any和some也可以作代詞用，表示“一些”。any多用于疑問句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Ican'tseeany.Ifyouhavenomoney,I'lllendyousome.復合不定代詞由some,every,no,any分別與one,thing和body組合即可得到以下復合不定代詞：一般來說，由some構成的復合不定代詞往往用于肯定句中；而由any構成的復合不定代詞則往往用于否定句或疑問句中。IheardsomeonesingingwhenIwasatworklastnight.Pleasegivemesomethingtoread.(拓展）由some構成的復合不定代詞有時也可用于疑問句中，用來表示請求、建議等語句。Wouldyoulikesomethingtoread?Whynotbuysomethinginteresting?復合不定代詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Somebodywantstoseeyou.IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?形容詞修飾復合不定代詞something,anything,everything,nothing等時，要放在不定代詞的后面。Doyouhaveanythingimportanttotellus?Weneedonemorehelper.Canyoufindanyoneelse?Unit2基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞的用法基數(shù)詞是表示數(shù)目多少的詞用于名詞前表示數(shù)量的多少。Ihavethreepens.表示時間。It?seleveno?clocknow.3.表示年齡。Mymotheristhirty-eightyearsold.4.表示價格Thebikeistwohundredandthirty-fiveyuan.5.基數(shù)詞在表示確切的數(shù)字時，不能使用百、千、百萬、十億的復數(shù)形式；但是，當基數(shù)詞表示不確切數(shù)字，如成百、成千上萬，三三兩兩時，基數(shù)詞則以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)。Therearetwohundredpeopleintheroom.6.表示人的不確切歲數(shù)或年代，用幾十的復數(shù)形式表示。Hebecameaprofessorinhisthirties．他三十多歲時成為了教授。序數(shù)詞的用法序數(shù)詞是表示順序先后的詞，其主要用法有表示順序Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.2、表示第幾次ThisismysecondtimetovisitNanjing.3、表示日期TodayisthefifthofMarch..（拓展）1、序數(shù)詞主要用做定語，通常在前面加定冠詞the.但序數(shù)詞前有形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格修飾時，不用冠詞theMrLinlivesonthefifthfloor.Simonishisthirdchild.2.如果序數(shù)詞前出現(xiàn)不定冠詞a或an,則表示“再，又”。You?llhavetodoitasecondtime.3.表示編號時，可用“序數(shù)詞+名詞”或“名詞+基數(shù)詞”。Let?sstudythefifthlesson.=let?sstudyLessonFive.三、加、減、乘、除的英文表達1.2plus2isfour.2.6minus3isthree.3.7multipliedby8is56.4.16dividedby4is4.Unit3形容詞比較級和最高級大多數(shù)形容詞有三種形式，原級，比較級和最高級，以表示形容詞說明的性質在程度上的不同。B.形容詞的原級:形容詞的原級形式就是詞典中出現(xiàn)的形容詞的原形。例如:poor,tall,great，glad,bad等C.形容詞的比較級和最高級:形容詞的比較級和最高級形式是在形容詞的原級形式的基礎上變化的。分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。規(guī)則變化如下;一、變化規(guī)則1.規(guī)則變化：一般在詞尾加er或est：bright___________;以不發(fā)音的e字母結尾的加r,或st：large;___________以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為I加er或est:easy___________；以輔元輔重讀結尾的詞先雙寫最后一個輔音字母，再加er或est:fat___________（5）多音節(jié)詞前加more或most,副詞最高級前省略the：beautiful___________(6)部分形容詞本身表示最高級，因此他們沒有比較級和最高級形式：favoriteround不規(guī)則變化：good,well;bad,badly,ill;much,many;little;far;（slowly）★注：只有少數(shù)形容詞和副詞有兩種比較級和最高級形式：cleverluckyThisroomisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.這個房間比那個大三倍?！凹?實意動詞+(倍數(shù))+副詞比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…幾倍”例如，Igotupearlierthanmymotherthismorning.我今天早晨起床比我媽媽還早。Herunsthreetimesfasterthanhisbrother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍A.形容詞“甲+be+形容詞比較級+than+anyother+單數(shù)名詞(+介詞短語)”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個人/物都……”，含義“甲最……”。例如，TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.=TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyoftheotherriversinChina.長江比中國的任何一條其他的河都長。=TheYangtzeRiverislongerthantheotherriversinChina.長江比中國的其他所有的河都長。(3)“甲+be+the+形容詞比較級+ofthetwo+……”表示“甲是兩者中較……的”。例如：Lookatthetwoboys.Mybrotheristhetallerofthetwo.看那兩個男孩，我弟弟是兩5個當中較高的那個。(4)“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”。例如，Heisgettingtallerandtaller.他變得越來越高了。Theflowersaremoreandmorebeautiful.花兒越來越漂亮。Hedoeshishomeworkmoreandmorecarefully.他做作業(yè)越來越認真了。(5)“the+比較級，the+比較級”表示“越……，越……”。例如，Themorecarefulyouare，thefewermistakesyou?llmake.你越認真，犯的錯誤越少。(6)“特殊疑問詞+be+形容詞比較級，甲or乙？”例如，Whichisbigger，theearthorthemoon？哪一個大，地球還是月球？“特殊疑問詞+實意動詞+副詞比較級，甲or乙？”例如，Whodrawsbetter，JennyorDanny？誰畫得比較好，詹妮還是丹尼？最高級常用句型結構(1)“主語+be+the+形容詞最高級+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中最……的”。例如，Tomisthetallestinhisclass./ofallthestudents.Thisappleisthebiggestofthefive.“主語+實意動詞+(the)+副詞最高級+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中最……的”。例如，Ijump(the)farthestinmyclass.(2)“主語+be+oneofthe+形容詞最高級+復數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中最……之一”。例如，BeijingisoneofthelargestcitiesinChina.北京是中國最大城市之一。(3)“特殊疑問詞+be+the+最高級+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較。例如，Whichcountryisthelargest，China，BrazilorCanada？“特殊疑問詞+be+the+副詞最高級+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較例如，Whichseasondoyoulike(the)best，spring，summerorautumn？Unit1語法專練單項選擇題Wehave______apples.Butwedon?thave_____bananas.A.some;someB.any;anyC.some;anyD.any;some2.Isthere_______inthisbook?A.somethinginterestingB,anythinginterestingC.interestingsomethingD.interestinganything3.--Is_______here?Yes,weareallhere.A.anybodyBeverybodyC.somebodyD.nobody4.Does______knowtheanswertothequestion?Me.A.everybodyB.anybodyC.somebodyD.nobody5.--Peterhasnothingtodoatthemoment.--Letmegivehim_______toreadanythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothingIaskedmyfriendforsomeink,butshedidn'thave.A.someB.anyC.noD.alotParentsshouldunderstandthattheycan'tdo_____fortheirchildrenandkidshavetolearntobeindependent.A.somethingB.nothingC.everythingD.Anything8.Ifeltsohungryatmidnight,butIcouldn'tfind________toeatinmyflat.A.everythingB.somethingC.anythingD.Nothing9.TheEnglishguestcouldspeakonlyChinese,butshemanagedtocommunicatewithus.A.fewB.littleC.alittleD.afew10.-Haveyoubrought_______withyou?Wewon?thavetimetocomeback.-Don?tworry.Allthethingsweneedarehere,inthisbigbag.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.EverythingKeys:1-5CBBBB6-10BCCCDUnit2語法專練--Canyouwritethenumbereighty-fivethousand,sixhundredandtwenty-six?--Yes,itis__________.A.856,620B.85,626C.58,662D.58,626September_______isTeachers?Day.A.thetenB.thetenthC.theten?sD.TenHowmanynewwordsaretherein______lesson?Thereareonly______.A.nine;threeB.ninth;threeC.theninth;thethreeD.theninth;three4.--Whichroomdoyoulivein?--Ilivein_______.A.Room405B.the405?sroomC.the405roomD.Room405th5.Thereare_____ofstudentsinourschoolbutonly_____ofthemareboys.A.hundreds;twohundredB.hundred;twohundredsC.Hundreds;twohundredsD.hundred;twohundred6._______plussevenisthirteen.A.FiveB.SixC.EightD.Nine7.We?rethestudentsof_______.A.GradeThreeB.ThreeGradeC.theGradeThreeD.theThreeGrade8.Theroadisover_______metreslong.sixhundredandfifty-twoB.sixhundredsandfifty-twoC.sixhundred,fifty-twoD.sixhundred;fiftyandtwo--Whatshouldwedonow,Mr.Black?--PleaseturntoPage______andlookatthe_____picture.Twelve;fifthB.Twelfth;fifthC.TwelvefiveD.Twelfthfive10.Thereare_______inourclassroom.hundredofbooksB.thehundredsofbooksC.hundredsofbooksD.hundredofbookKeys:BBDAABAAACUnit3-4語法專項訓練寫出下列單詞的比較級和最高級large__________________2.happy___________________3.big_____________________4.easy_____________________5.important____________________________interesting_______________________early____________________8.clever_________________9.expensive__________________________10.careful___________________11.good/well__________________12.many/much___________________13.little____________________14.far_______________15.bad/ill_____________________1.largerlargest2.happierhappiest3.biggerbiggest4.easiereasiest5.moreimportantmostimportant6.moreinterestingmostinteresting7.earlierearliest8.cleverercleverest9.moreexpensivemostexpensive10.morecarefulmostcareful11.betterbest12.moremost13.lessleast14.farther/furtherfarthest/furthest15.worseworst二．單項選擇題。__Dad,howcanIgetonwellwithmyclassmates?—Trytobefriendlytothem.Thatwillmakeitmuch____.A.easilyB.moreeasilyC.easyD.easierIthinkthesecardsarethanthosecards.A.niceB.nicerC.nicestD.thenicest—Whichcityisyourfavorite?—Hangzhou,ofcourse.It’sthe_____placethatIwanttovisit.worseB.worstC.betterD.best—Whichdoyoulike,summerorwinter?—Iprefersummer.A.goodB.wellC.betterD.best—Whosehomeis______awayfromschoolinourclass?—LiuMei’s.A.fatherB.farC.thefarthestD.near6.Manypeopleeat_____meatthantheydidbefore.—Yes,that’swhythey’regettingfatterandfatter.A.moreB.lessC.fewerD.Much—Thereusedtobelotsoffishinthelake.—Yes,buttherearevery__________now.fewB.fewerC.littleD.LessNanjingisn’tsolarge__________Shanghai,however,it’sthesecond__________cityinEastChina.like;largestB.as;largestC.like;largeD.as;large9.Theact