2020-2021學年通用版高一英語專題精練學案7月01期（考點01閱讀理解）

考點01閱讀理解——20192020年高一英語專題同步精練學案：（1）安徽省滁州市定遠縣重點中學20202021學年高一下學期期中考試英語試題閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上寫出。AAllovertheworldpeopleenjoysports.Sportshelptokeeppeoplehealthy,happyandhelpthemtolivelonger.Sportschangewiththeseason.Peopleplaydifferentgamesinwinterandsummer.Gamesandsportsoftengrowoutofpeople'sworkandeverydayactivities.TheArabsusehorsesorcamelsinmuchoftheireverydaylife;theyusethemintheirsports,too.Somesportsaresointerestingthatpeopleeverywheregoinforthem.Football,forexample,hasspreadaroundtheworld.Swimmingispopularinallcountriesneartheseaorinthosewithmanyrivers.Somesportsorgamesgobackthousandsofyears,likerunningorjumping.Chineseboxing,forexample,hasaverylonghistory.Butbasketballandvolleyballarerathernew.Neitheroneisahundredyearsoldyet.Peopleareinventingnewsportsorgamesallthetime.Peoplefromdifferentcountriesmaynotbeabletounderstandeachother,butafteragametheyoftenbeegoodfriends.Sportshelptotrainaperson'scharacter(性格).Onelearnstofighthardbutfightfair,towinwithoutprideandtolosewithgrace(優(yōu)雅).1．Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingisn'ttrue?A．Sportshelptotrainaperson'scharacter.B．Peopleswimonlybecausetherearealotofriversintheircountry.C．Peoplefromdifferentcountriesmaynotbeabletounderstandeachotherbeforeagame.D．Sportsandgamescandevelopthefriendshipbetweenpeoplesallovertheworld.2．Thewriterdidn'ttellusinthispassagethat________.A．basketballwasinventedinAmericaB．sportschangewiththeseasonsC．gamesandsportsoftengrowoutofpeople'sworkandeverydayactivitiesD．footballisplayedallovertheworld3．Fromthispassagewecanseethat_______.A．sportsandgamesareunimportantthingsthatpeopledoB．sportsandgamesshouldbetreated(對待)onlyasamusement(娛樂活動)C．sportsandgamesareonlyusefultotheoldD．noneoftheaboveistrue【答案】1．B2．A3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了全世界的人們都喜歡做運動，運動幫助人們保持健康長壽。人們采用不同的方式參加運動，在不同的季節(jié)參加不同的運動。運動使許多人成為朋友。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中Peoplefromdifferentcountriesmaynotbeabletounderstandeachother,butafteragametheyoftenbeegoodfriends.Sportshelptotrainaperson'scharacter(性格).來自不同國家的人可能不能相互理解，但在一場比賽后，他們往往成為好朋友。運動有助于培養(yǎng)一個人的性格，由此可知ACD都是正確的；文中第三段最后一句Swimmingispopularinallcountriesneartheseaorinthosewithmanyrivers.游泳在所有靠近大海或有許多河流的國家都很受歡迎，由此可知B選項是錯誤的，故選B。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Sportschangewiththeseason.運動隨季節(jié)變化而變化；Gamesandsportsoftengrowoutofpeople’sworkandeverydayactivities.比賽與運動誕生于人們的工作和日常生活中；Football,forexample,hasspreadaroundtheworld.例如足球，已經(jīng)風行全世界，可知BCD都正確，而A選項錯誤，文章并未提到籃球是哪國發(fā)明的，故選A。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Sportshelptokeeppeoplehealthy,happyandhelpthemtolivelonger．運動幫助人們保持身體健康，快樂，幫助人們長壽；Somesportsaresointerestingthatpeopleeverywheregoinforthem.有的運動太有趣了，各地的人都參與進來；Sportshelptotrainaperson’scharacter.運動幫助培養(yǎng)人的性格，可知ABC都是錯誤的，故選D?！军c睛】多用定位關鍵詞適用于解答細節(jié)理解題。通過定位關鍵詞解題，考生在閱讀題干時，把題干中有標記意義的詞或詞組劃記出來，或者選項中的關鍵詞，然后用這個詞回到原文當中定位。如小題1中各個選項中的關鍵詞，再根據(jù)文章具體描述很容易就找到答案。BTravelingwithkidsis90percentremindingyourselftoliveinthemomentand10percentmakingupyourmindtoneveragainleaveyourhouse.IhaveanuncannyabilitytoforgetthisassoonaswereturnhomefromatripandI'vefinishedwashingpilesofdirtyclothesinourluggageandcleaningallthemessycausedbythekids.Extremelytiredandannoyed,Iwouldactuallybegintomisstheplacewejustleft!Familytravelislikechildbirth,Isuppose.Painful,loud,messy,sortofawful,actually,butalsowonderful.Andyourememberonlythewonderful—untilyou’rebackonaplaneandyourkidsarefightingoverwhogetstheaisleseat.Thenyourememberthebadstuff.Lastweekend,mykidsandIflewtoTexasforatripwewouldhavenothingtoplain(抱怨)about—bighotel,wonderfulview.Andyet—wefoundthingstoplainabout.Thepoolwasbiggerinthatotherhotel!Whydoyougettoshowerfirst?Theycallthiscoffee?!Luckily,I’velearnedtoputmymetaphoricalcoatofarmor(盔甲)onassoonaswelandsomewhere,anditforcesplaintstobounceoffmeandlandinapileatmyfeet.Forthreedays,genuinefunwashadandannoyingplaintswereheardandignored.Untilitwastimetocatchaplaneandflyhome.Unfortunately,ourflightwascanceled.Wespenthoursfindingahotelroom.Wehitthehotelpoolbeforebedandswamwellintothenight,mykidsmakingupsongsandlaughingsohardattheirsillylyrics(歌詞)andtheircrazygoodfortunetobeswimmingat10:30onaschoolnight.AndthatwaswhenithitmethatfamilytravelisallthosethingsIsaidbeforebutit’salsoalotmore.It’stakingyourkidstopartsoftheworldthatwillopentheireyesandfindingthatactually,yoursneedopeningtoo.It’srememberingthatjoyandmemoriesarewhereyoumakethem,notwhereyoufindthem.4．Theunderlinedword“uncanny”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto.A．unknown. B．uncertain.C．unexpected. D．unusual.5．Accordingtothepassage,familytravelislikechildbirthinthat.A．theybothcausefinancialtroubleandpain.B．theyarebothhardaswellasrewarding.C．childhoodmemoriesefloodingbackwhentheytravel.D．bothofthemneedmanypreparations.6．Bysaying“I’velearnedtoputmymetaphoricalcoatofarmoron”inParagraph5,theauthormeansthat_.A．shetriestodealwiththeplaintsmorewiselyandproperly.B．sheturnsthoseannoyingplaintsintoameanstoeducatekids.C．shehasimprovedherlanguageskillswhenhandlingtheplaints.D．shehassucceededinescapingkids’fightingthankstothearmor.7．Fromtheauthor’sexperienceinthepassage,wecanNOTlearnthat.A．familyvacationbenefitsherkidsaswellasher.B．joyandmemoriesshouldbecreatedratherthandiscovered.C．themostunforgettablememoryforherisabouttheplaints.D．shehastospendsometimeonhouseworkafterthefamilyvacation.【答案】4．D5．B6．A7．C【解析】【分析】本文是夾敘夾議文。帶孩子出游90%是提醒我們活在當下，10%是讓我們下定決心不要離開自己的家，但帶孩子出游會讓全家受益。在一次航班被取消，全家一起在賓館度過的快樂時光讓作者意識到快樂和回憶需要被創(chuàng)造而不是被發(fā)現(xiàn)。4．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)首段帶孩子出游90%是提醒我們活在當下，10%是讓我們下定決心不要離開自己的家。以及第二段IhaveanuncannyabilitytoforgetthisassoonaswereturnhomefromatripandI'vefinishedwashingpilesofdirtyclothesinourluggageandcleaningallthemessycausedbythekids.我有一種不同尋常的能力就是我出游一回到家就忘記這一點，忘記出游的不快。A.unknown.未知的；B.uncertain.不確定的；C.unexpected.出乎意料的；D.unusual不同尋常的。這是一種不同尋常的能力。故選D。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Familytravelislikechildbirth,Isuppose.Painful,loud,messy,sortofawful,actually,butalsowonderful.作者認為家庭出游就像生孩子，痛苦，混亂，可怕但是也很奇妙。作者這樣比喻是表示他們都很難卻又有回報，故選B。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段Luckily,I’velearnedtoputmymetaphoricalcoatofarmor(盔甲)onassoonaswelandsomewhere,anditforcesplaintstobounceoffmeandlandinapileatmyfeet.當孩子們抱怨一個原本很棒的酒店時，我學會了穿上我的隱喻盔甲外衣，這使得抱怨脫離我，以及第六段Forthreedays,genuinefunwashadandannoyingplaintswereheardandignored.作者更明智地處理孩子們的抱怨。故選A。7．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段It’srememberingthatjoyandmemoriesarewhereyoumakethem,notwhereyoufindthem.得知作者認為旅游最難忘的是快樂和回憶而不是抱怨。故選C。CTheworld’stopautomakersareincreasinglyofferingmoreelectricvehiclemodels.Thisgrowthisexpectedtocontinue，withmorepeoplechoosingtohittheroadwithcleanrunningelectricpoweredcars.Environmentalistshavepraisedtheautomakersfortakingmajorstepstolimitharmfulpollutantslinkedtoworldwideclimatechange.Butelectricvehiclesarealsoknownfornotproducinganotherkindofpollution—noise.Theyrunonbatteriesinsteadoffuel，andcanoperateinsilence.Whilemanypeoplemightconsiderthisagoodthing，quietcarscanalsocauseproblems.Themaindangeristhatpeoplewalkinginareasaroundelectricvehiclesfaceagreaterriskofbeinghitiftheycannothearthecarsing.GovernmentsintheUnitedStatesandEuropehaverecognizedthisproblem.So，theyhavesetrequirementsformanufacturerstoaddwarningsoundstovehiclesoperatingonelectricity.TheU.S.DepartmentofTransportationfinalizeditsrulesayearago.Therulesrequireelectricandhybrid(混合能源)vehiclestobeequippedwithsomekindofwarningsoundwhenmovingatspeedsupto30kilometersperhour.Therulesareaimedatpreventinginjuriesamongpeoplewalkingorridingbicyclesandtoprotecttheblind.Sowhatkindsofsoundscanweexpecttohearfromthenextgenerationofelectricvehicles?Oneoftheeasiestsolutionswouldbeforcarmakerstosimplyreproducethesoundacarwouldmakeifitactuallydidrunonfuel.Butmanyindustryofficialsbelievethiswouldbeamistake.Theysaythiswouldnotsupporttheelectricvehicle’strueidentity.Itwouldalsolimitgreatpossibilitiestolinkthecar’ssoundtoawholenewimage,whichcouldhelpincreasesales.FrankWelschisheadoftechnicaldevelopmentatGermany’sVolkswagen.Hesaidthatfindingtheperfectsoundmixisnotaneasyprocess.“Theelectricvehiclesoundisitsidentity,”hesaid.“Itcannotbetooannoying.Itcannotsoundlikeanythingwehadinthepast.”AnofficialfromMercedesBenzsaidthesoundwasdesignedtoprovideasafewarningwithoutannoyingpassengersinsidethevehicle.Hesaidthegoalwastocreateacarthatremainspletelyquietontheinside,butfillsthesoundrequirementsandsupportsthemodel’simageontheoutside.Itmightseemstrangetothinkthatpartofourautomotivefutureiscurrentlybeingdevelopedinthesamekindsofrecordingstudiosusedbymusicians.Butthatisexactlywhatishappening.8．Theunderlinedwords“hittheroad”inParagraph1probablymean_________.A．cleanaroad B．startatripC．a(chǎn)voidanaccident D．reducenoisepollution9．Thefirsttwoparagraphsaremainlyintendedto_________.A．introducethetopicofthepassageB．listtheadvantagesofautomobilesC．providesomefactsaboutelectriccarsD．stresstheimportanceofsavingenergy10．Soundsareaddedtoelectriccarsto_________.A．limitpollutants B．increasesalesC．preventinjuries D．makecarssmarter11．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ElectricCarSoundsPromoteSalestoaLargeDegreeB．RecordingStudiosWillCreateSoundsforAllElectricCarsC．GovernmentsCallonPeopletoDesignElectricCarSoundsD．ElectricCarsNeedCreativeSoundstoReplaceEngineNoise【答案】8．B9．A10．C11．D【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。短文報道了電動汽車用創(chuàng)意聲音取代引擎噪音。8．詞義猜測題。由第一段“Thisgrowthisexpectedtocontinue，withmorepeoplechoosingtohittheroadwithcleanrunningelectricpoweredcars.”可知，預計這種增長將持續(xù)下去，因為選擇駕駛環(huán)保型電動汽車上路的民眾在不斷增加。所以通過上下文語境可以判斷出，第1段中劃線的“hittheroad”可能是指“開始出行”的意思。故選B項。9．推理判斷題。由第一段，第二段“Theworld’stopautomakersareincreasinglyofferingmoreelectricvehiclemodels。Butelectricvehiclesarealsoknownfornotproducinganotherkindofpollution—noise”可知，全球主要汽車制造商正在生產(chǎn)越來越多的電動汽車型號。電動汽車還因不會產(chǎn)生另一種污染而聞名，這種污染就是噪音。所以短文從第三段就開始具體說明電動汽車所帶來的安全問題以及用創(chuàng)意聲音取代引擎噪音的措施。故判斷出前兩段主要是為了介紹文章的主題。故選A項。10．細節(jié)理解題。由第五段“Therulesareaimedatpreventinginjuriesamongpeoplewalkingorridingbicyclesandtoprotecttheblind”可知，這些規(guī)定旨在防止行人和騎自行車者受傷，同時保護盲人。所以聲音被添加到電動汽車中是為了防止人們受傷。故選C項。11．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，短文的前兩段為引題段落，來說明電動汽車越來越普遍，但也產(chǎn)生了一個問題，無噪音。從第三段開始就在說明電動汽車的無噪音所帶來的安全問題以及用創(chuàng)意聲音取代引擎噪音的措施。所以這篇短文主要在說電動汽車用創(chuàng)意聲音取代引擎噪音也就是本文的標題。故D選項“電動汽車用創(chuàng)意聲音取代引擎噪音”是本文的最佳標題。故選D項?！军c睛】由上下文的語境是解決詞義猜測題的重要解題方法。劃線詞的意思往往是我們要猜測的意思。我們可以通過已知的上下文的詞匯或者句子來猜測未知的意思。由第一段“Thisgrowthisexpectedtocontinue，withmorepeoplechoosingtohittheroadwithcleanrunningelectricpoweredcars.”可知，預計這種增長將持續(xù)下去，因為選擇駕駛環(huán)保型電動汽車上路的民眾在不斷增加。所以通過上下文語境可以判斷出，第1段中劃線的“hittheroad”可能是指“開始出行”。故小1題選B項。DHavingasmartphonemaynotbeassmartasyouthink.TheymayletyousurftheInternet,listentomusicandtakephotoswhereveryouare…buttheyalsoturnyouintoaworkaholic（工作狂）,itseems.Astudysuggeststhat,bygivingyouaccesstoemailsatalltimes,thesmartphoneaddsasmuchastwohourstoyourworkingday.ExpertsfoundthatBritishpeopleworkanadditional460hoursayearonaverageastheyareabletorespondtoemailsontheirmobiles.ThestudyshowstheaverageUKworkingdayisbetween9and10hours,but2morehoursisspentrespondingtoorsendingworkemails,ormakingworkcalls.Almostoneintenadmitsspendinguptothreehoursoutsidetheirnormalworkingdaycheckingworkemails.Someworkerssaytheyareoncallalmost24hoursaday.Nearlytwothirdssaytheyoftencheckworkemailsjustbeforetheygotobedandassoonastheywakeup,whileoverathirdhaverepliedtooneinthemiddleofthenight.Theaveragetimeforfirstcheckingemailsisbetween6a.mand7a.m,withmorethanathirdcheckingtheirfirstemailintheperiod,andaquartercheckingthembetween11p.m.andmidnight.GhadiHobeika,marketingdirectorofPixmania,said:“TheabilitytoaccessmillionsofAppshasmadesmartphoneinvaluableformanypeople.However,therearedisadvantages.Manypaniesexpecttheiremployeestobeoncall24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek,andsmartphonesmeanthatpeoplecannotgetawayfromwork.Themorefrequentlyincontactwebee,themoreisexpectedofusinaworkcapacity.”12．WithasmartphonetheaverageUKworkingdayis.A．11to12hours B．9to10hoursC．8hours D．2hours13．WecanlearnfromthetextthattheBritishpeople.A．prefertocheckemailsinthemorning B．a(chǎn)recrazyaboutdifferentsmartphoneC．workmorehourswithsmartphones D．shortentheirnormalworkinghours14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“invaluable”mean?A．useless B．necessaryC．expensive D．cheap15．WhatdoesGhadiHobeikafeelaboutsmartphones?A．Theyareunimportantformostofpeople.B．Theyhavedisadvantagesforsomepanies.C．Theyareusefultoimproveaworkability.D．Theymakeitimpossibleforpeopletorest.【答案】12．A13．C14．B15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科教類短文閱讀。文章主要介紹使用智能也許并不像你想的那樣明智。使用智能可以讓你隨時隨地上網(wǎng)、聽音樂、拍照片……但也可能讓你變成工作狂。最新調(diào)查顯示，智能能讓你隨時查收郵件，因此這種花哨的會讓你每天的工作時間延長多達兩個小時。12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的ThestudyshowstheaverageUKworkingdayisbetween9and10hours,but2morehoursisspentrespondingtoorsendingworkemails,ormakingworkcalls.可知英國的平均工作日，使用智能11到12小時。故選A。13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的Astudysuggeststhat,bygivingyouaccesstoemailsatalltimes,thesmartphoneaddsasmuchastwohourstoyourworkingday.可知，英國人在智能上比工作時間更長。故選C。14．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章最后一段其后兩句However,therearedisadvantages.Manypaniesexpecttheiremployeestobeoncall24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek,andsmartphonesmeanthatpeoplecannotgetawayfromwork.可知，其也有缺點，許多公司希望他們的員工能夠隨時等待通知，使得人們工作離不開智能。從而可以猜測出invaluable為“極為重要的”之意。故選B。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段However,therearedisadvantages.Manypaniesexpecttheiremployeestobeoncall24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek,andsmartphonesmeanthatpeoplecannotgetawayfromwork.Themoreconstantlyintouchwebee,themoreisexpectedofusinwork.可知，GhadiHobeika認為智能讓人們很難得到休息。故選D。（2）北京師范大學珠海分校附屬外國語學校20192020學年高一上學期期末英語試題閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上寫出。ABaronPierredeCoubertinwasaFrenchman.AthistimesportswerenottaughtinFrenchschools.DeCoubertinbelievedthatsportsshouldgohandinhandwithstudies.Hehadanidea.HisideawastobegintheOlympicsalloveragain.SportsteachersofothercountrieslikedDeCoubertinideas.Soin1896,themodernOlympicGameswereheldinAthens,Greece.SincethentheOlympicshavebeenheldonceeveryfouryears,exceptthreetimes,whentherewerewars.ThemodernOlympicgameshavemanyfootracesandfieldsportsprograms.Thelongestraceinthegamesiscalledmarathon.BeforethestartoftheOlympicGames,runnerscarrylightedtorch(火炬)throughmanynationstowardsthestadiumwherethegameswillbeheld.Thesesportsmenarefromdifferentcountries.YettheyworktogethertocarrytheOlympictorch.Itispassedfromrunnertorunner,Whenthelastrunnerentersthestadium,heorsheplacesthetorchinaspecialbasinfilledwithoil.Itcatchesfire.Itisthen,onlythen,thattheOlympicGamescanbegin.TheOlympicflameburnsthroughoutthegames.Itistheflameofpeace.16．Before1896Frenchschoolsdidn'tteach______.A．match B．historyC．sports D．physics17．WherewerethefirstOlympicGamesheld?A．InAthens,Greece B．InGermanC．InFrench D．InRussia18．Accordingtothispassage,thethirdmodernOlympicGamesshouldhavebeenheldin______.A．1896 B．1904C．1915 D．1924【答案】16．C17．A18．B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者介紹了顧拜旦對現(xiàn)代奧運會的貢獻。介紹了奧運會的馬拉松和火炬?zhèn)鬟f。16．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段BaronPierredeCoubertinwasaFrenchman.AthistimesportswerenottaughtinFrenchschools.DeCoubertinbelievedthatsportsshouldgohandinhandwithstudies.Hehadanidea.HisideawastobegintheOlympicsalloveragain（皮埃爾·德·顧拜旦男爵是法國人。在他那個時代，法國學校不教體育。顧拜旦認為運動應該與學習齊頭并進。他有了一個主意。他的想法是重新開始奧運會）可知，1896年前法國的學校沒有體育課。故選C項。17．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段Soin1896,themodernOlympicGameswereheldinAthens,Greece（1896年，現(xiàn)代奧運會在希臘雅典舉行）可知，第一屆現(xiàn)代奧運會在希臘雅典舉行。故選A項。18．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段Soin1896,themodernOlympicGameswereheldinAthens,Greece.SincethentheOlympicshavebeenheldonceeveryfouryears,exceptthreetimes,whentherewerewars（1896年，現(xiàn)代奧運會在希臘雅典舉行。從那時起，奧運會每四年舉辦一次）可知，第一屆奧運會舉行于1896年，以后每隔四年舉辦一下。通過計算：1896+8=1904。故選B項。BHowdoesaplacebeeaWorldHeritageSite(世界遺產(chǎn))？Ittakesalotofpeopletodecide.1)IfacountrywantsoneofitsplacestobeontheWorldHeritageList,ithastoaskJUESCO(聯(lián)合國教科文組織).Theplacemustbeimportantandspecial.UNESCOputtheGreatWallonthelistin1987becauseitsaiditwasgreatpartofChinesecultureandbeautifullymadetogowiththeland.Whenacountryasks,itmustalsomakeaplanfortakingcareoftheplace.2)TheWorldHeritagemitteeofUNESCOtalksaboutdifferentplacesanddecideswhethertoputthemonthelist.ThemitteemeeteveryJune.Manyexpertshelpthemitteetodecide.3)Afteranewplacegoesonthelist,UNESCOgivesmoneytohelpkeepitlookinggood.Ifaplaceisinseriousdanger,itmaybeputontheListofWorldHeritageSitesinDanger.UNESCOgivesspecialcareandhelptothoseplaces.4)CountrieshavetogiveUNESCOregularreportsaboutplacesonthelist.IfUNESCOthinksacountryisn'ttakinggoodcareofaplace,thesitewillbetakenoffthelist.19．WhendidtheGreatWallbecameaWorldHeritageSite?A．1987 B．1988 C．1997 D．197720．Thepassagemainlydiscusses______.A．whattheWorldHeritagemitteeofUNESCOisB．howtheWorldHeritagemitteeofUNESCOprotectsaWorldHeritageSiteC．howtheGreatWallbeesaWorldHeritageSiteD．howaplacebeesaWorldHeritageSite21．ThepurposeofputtingaplaceontheWorldHeritageListis______.A．toattractmoretouristsfromothercountriesB．togetmoremoneyandhelpfromothercountriesC．tohaveittakenbettercareofD．tomakeitknowntoothercountries【答案】19．A20．D21．C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章作者闡述了如何讓一個地方成為世界遺產(chǎn)，成為世界遺產(chǎn)后要注意的內(nèi)容以及為何讓它成為世界遺產(chǎn)。19．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段UNESCOputtheGreatWallonthelistin1987becauseitsaiditwasgreatpartofChinesecultureandbeautifullymadetogowiththeland（聯(lián)合國教科文組織在1987年將長城列入了該名單，因為它說長城是中國文化的重要組成部分，而且與中國的土地相匹配）可知，因為長城的重要性，在1987年聯(lián)合國教科文組織將長城列入了該名單。故選A項。20．主旨大意題。首先作者在文章第一段提到HowdoesaplacebeeaWorldHeritageSite？Ittakesalotofpeopletodecide（一個地方如何成為世界遺產(chǎn)?這需要很多人來決定），然后作者在文章第二，三，四，五段詳細說明了讓一個地方成為世界遺產(chǎn)的過程，以及成為世界遺產(chǎn)后的注意點。綜合分析，本篇文章在闡述如何讓一個地方成為世界遺產(chǎn)。故選D項。21．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段Afteranewplacegoesonthelist,UNESCOgivesmoneytohelpkeepitlookinggood.Ifaplaceisinseriousdanger,itmaybeputontheListofWorldHeritageSitesinDanger.UNESCOgivesspecialcareandhelptothoseplaces（當一個新的地方被列入名單后，聯(lián)合國教科文組織會提供資金幫助它保持良好的外觀。如果一個地方面臨嚴重的危險，它可能會被列入世界遺產(chǎn)的危險名單。聯(lián)合國教科文組織對這些地方給予了特別的關懷和幫助）由此判斷出，讓一個地方被列入世界遺產(chǎn)是為了更好的照顧它。故選C項。CProtectingwildlifehasbeeatoughproblemintoday’sworld.Asoneoftheeffort,manycountriesformulate(制定)relatedlawstoprotectwildlife.TheneedforsuchprotectionwasrealizedcenturiesagoinIndia.About300BCanIndiawriterdescribedforeststhatweresomewhatlikenationalparkstoday.Thegameofkillinganimalswascarefullycontrolled.Someanimalsthatbecamedangeroustohumanvisitorsweretrappedorkilledoutsidethepark.Theneedforwildlifeprotectionisgreaternowthaneverbefore.Aboutathousandkindsofanimalsareindangerofextinction(滅絕),andthespeedatwhichtheyarebeingdestroyedhasbeenincreasing.Withmammals(哺乳動物),forexample,thespeedofextinctionisnowaboutonekindeveryyear.FromAD1to1800,thespeedwasaboutonekindeveryfiftyyears.Everywhere,menaretryingtosolvetheproblemofsavingwildlifewhilecaringfortheworld’sgrowingpopulation(人口).22．“Protectwildlife”means______.A．保護野生動物 B．保護每一個生命C．獵殺野生動物 D．關愛野生動物23．Thereportersaysthattheneedforprotectingwildlife______.A．wasunderstoodinIndiacenturiesagoB．wasdescribedbyanIndiawriterabout3,300yearsagoC．isnotmetinmanycenturiesagoD．isnotcarriedoutintheforestsaswellasinnationalparks24．ThereportersaysthatinIndiaforestsoflongages,______.A．huntersweregivenpermitstohuntgamesB．a(chǎn)llanimalsweretobekilledC．thegameofkillinganimalswascontrolledD．nokillingofanimalswasallowed25．Accordingtothereport,mentryingtosavewildlifearethinkingabout______aswell.A．theanimalsinnationalparks B．stricterlawsagainsthuntingC．thetreesintheforests D．thegrowthofthepopulation【答案】22．A23．A24．C25．D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章作者講述了動物保護的重要性以及古印度人如何保護野生動物。22．詞義猜測題。文章第一段第一句話提到當今世界Protectingwildlife是個艱難的問題。第二句話提到很多國家制定法律來Protectingwildlife。在結合短文主要內(nèi)容講述了動物保護的重要性以及古印度人如何保護野生動物，此處的Protectingwildlife應是“保護野生動動物”。故選A項。23．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句話TheneedforsuchprotectionwasrealizedcenturiesagoinIndia（幾個世紀前，印度就意識到了這種保護的必要性）和文章第二段About300BCanIndiawriterdescribedforeststhatweresomewhatlikenationalparkstoday.Thegameofkillinganimalswascarefullycontrolled.（大約公元前300年，一位印度作家描述的森林有點像今天的國家公園。獵殺動物的比賽受到嚴格控制）可知，在幾個世紀以前印度人就有保護野生動物的要求了。故選A項。24．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段Thegameofkillinganimalswascarefullycontrolled（獵殺動物的比賽受到嚴格控制）可知，古印度人對于獵殺動物的比賽是嚴格控制的。故選C項。25．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句Everywhere,menaretryingtosolvetheproblemofsavingwildlifewhilecaringfortheworld’sgrowingpopulation(世界各地的人們都在努力解決保護野生動物的問題，同時也在關心世界上不斷增長的人口)可知，世界各地人不止關心野生動物保護問題也關心不斷增長的人口問題。故選D項。（3）北京市首都師范大學附屬中學20202021學年高一下學期期末英語試題閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上寫出。ADoyouwantaparttimejobtoearnsomeextramoney?Checkoutthelistandfindonethatsuitsyourfancy.TECHNICALSUPPORTItseemsalmosteveryonehasafriendwhoisatechnicalgenius.Suchpeopleearnmoneyusingtheirtalent.Ifyouareoneofthem,youcouldberesponsiblefortechnicalsupportinyourcollegeoruniversityandgetyourparttimejob.Youcanenjoytheprocessofearningmoneywhiledoingyourfavoritething.TUTORAlotofstudentshireatutortohelptheminhighschoolorcollege.Ifyouaregoodatsomesubjects,whynotworkasapeertutor?Youhelpyourfriendsandearnmoneyatthesametime.Ifyouknowforeignlanguages,youcanmakemoremoney.Allyouneedtodoistomakeanappropriateadvertisementofyourservicesusingcollegenewspapers.Oneofthebestthingsaboutbeingatutoristhatyoucansetyourhours.FITNESSINSTRUCTORIfyourcollegeoruniversityhasafitnesscenterandifyouareasportyperson,goandsignuptogetthisjob.Youwillhaveanabsolutefreeopportunitytoengageyourselfinsports.Youneedtobeagoodpsychologist,becauseyouaregoingtoworkwithpeopleandit'llbeyourjobtopersuadeandmotivatethemtobeesporty,healthyandstrong.Beingafitnessinstructorisaperfectpositionforthosewholovetohelpotherpeopleandwanttomakemorefriends.OFFICEWORKERNowadaysmanypaniescooperatewithcollegestudentsgivingthemparttimejobs.Someofthemajorjobdutiesofanofficeworkerareansweringcallsandschedulingappointments.Ifyouareinterestedindoingthisjob.contacttherepresentativesofdifferentpaniestofindoutifthey’recurrentlyhiringanyone.21．Ifyouwanttohaveaflexibleschedulewhileearningsomemoney,whichofthefollowingsuitsyoumost?A．Technicalsupport B．TutorC．Fitnessinstructor D．Officeworker22．WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Asaparttimeofficeworker.youareresponsibleforansweringemails.B．Ifyouworkasafitnessinstructor,youshouldbesportyandsociable.C．Ifyouaregoodatforeignlanguages,youareabletoearnmoreasatutor.D．Thefourkindsofparttimejobsareintendedforcollegestudents.23．Howcanonegetajobasaparttimeofficeworker?A．BysubmittingtheapplicationB．ThroughanonlineinterviewC．ByadvertisingonthenewspaperD．Bycontactingtherepresentativeofthepany【答案】21．B22．A23．D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了業(yè)余時間大學生可以從事的四個工作：技術援助，家教，健身教練和辦公室職員。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第2段Youhelpyourfriendsandearnmoneyatthesametime.Ifyouknowforeignlanguages,youcanmakemoremoney.Oneofthebestthingsaboutbeingatutoristhatyoucansetyourhours.（你在幫助你的朋友的同時也賺了錢。如果你懂外語，你可以賺更多的錢。做家教最好的一點就是你可以自己安排時間）可知，如果你想有一個靈活的工作時間，同時又想掙錢，家教最適合你。故選B項。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Someofthemajorjobdutiesofanofficeworkerareansweringcallsandschedulingappointments（辦公室職員的一些主要工作職責是接和安排預約）可知，辦公室職員的主要職責包括接和安排預約，不包括回復郵件。故選A項。23．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Ifyouareinterestedindoingthisjobcontacttherepresentativesofdifferentpaniestofindoutifthey’recurrentlyhiringanyone（如果你對這份工作感興趣的話。聯(lián)系不同公司的代表，看看他們現(xiàn)在是否在招人）可知，如果感興趣，可以聯(lián)系公司的代表。故選D項。BPeoplediettolookmoreattractive.Fishdiettoavoidbeingbeatenup,thrownoutoftheirsocialgroup,andgettingeatenasaresult.ThatisthefascinatingconclusionofthelatestresearchintofishbehaviorbyateamofAustralianscientists.Theresearchteamhasdiscoveredthatsubordinate(隸屬的)fishvoluntarilydiettoavoidchallengingtheirlargerpetitors.“Instudyinggobieswenoticedthatonlythelargesttwoindividuals,amaleandfemale,hadbreeding(繁殖)rightswithinthegroup,”explainsMarianWong.“Allothergroupmembersarenonbreedingfemales,eachbeing5–10%smallerthanitsnextlargestpetitor.Wewantedtofindouthowtheykeepthissizeseparation.”Thereasonforthesizedifferencewaseasytosee.Onceasubordinatefishgrowstowithin5–10%ofthesizeofitslargerpetitor,itcausesafightwhichusuallyendsinthesmallergobybeingdrivenawayfromthegroup.Moreoftenthannot,theevictedfishistheneatenup.Itappearedthatthesmallerfishwerekeepingthemselvessmallinordertoavoidchallengingthebossfish.Whethertheydidsovoluntarily，bylimitinghowmuchtheyate,wasnotclear.Theresearchteamdecidedtodoanexperiment.Theytriedtofattenupsomeofthesubordinategobiestoseewhathappened.Totheirsurprise，thegobiessimplyrefusedtheextrafoodtheywereoffered，clearlypreferringtoremainsmallandavoidfights,overhavingafeast.Thediscoverychallengesthetraditionalsc