江蘇省徐州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省徐州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng).AGoingbacktocampuseverySeptembercanbestressfulformoststudents.However,someuniversitiesinChinamanagetomakethisprocesseasier.HebeiUniversityTeachersfromtheuniversityrecentlyheldatreasurehuntchallengetolightenuptheatmosphereofgettingbacktocampusforstudents.Teachershidcoupons(獎(jiǎng)券)insurprisingplacesaroundthecampus,suchasthetopofbookshelvesorthebottomofbasketballhoops.Studentswhomanagedtocollectthecouponswererewardedwithgifts,includingbooksandstuffedtoys.ZhejiangUniversityHascarryingyoursuitcasesupanddowninyourdormbuildingbeenaheadache?ZhejiangUniversityhascomeupwithsomeinterestingmethodstosolvethisproblem.Theyuseascalingladdertoliftluggagefromthefirstfloor.Insteadofsweatingbuckets,studentscansitintheirdormsandwaitforthesuitcasestobetransportedtothem.ChengduUniversityGettingalongwithroommatescanbetrickywheneveryonehasdifferenthabitsandpersonalities.ChengduUniversityoffersa“roommate-selectionsystem”basedonbigdata.Afterstudentsfilloutthequestionnaire,includingquestionsabouttheirhobbiesandsleepinghabits,theirroommateswillbeautomaticallyassigned(分配)bythesystembasedontheirpreferences.Thisway,studentshavemorecontroloverwhotheysharetheirroomwith.Withconsiderateteachersandapersonalizedatmosphere,studentswillbemorereadyfortheupcomingsemester.1.Whydotheuniversitieslistedabovetakethepleasurableactions?A.Toincreasetheirpopularity. B.Toreducethestudents’tiredness.C.Tohelpstudentsfindgoodfriends. D.Tomakereturningtocampuseasier.2.WhatmeasuredidHebeiUniversitytakeforthesemester?A.Lighteningupthecampus. B.Carryingluggageforstudents.C.Makingstudentshuntforgifts. D.Rewardingstudentswithbooks.3.HowdoesChengduUniversityassignrooms?A.Fillingouttheforms. B.Usingbigdata.C.Askingaboutpersonalities. D.Learningabouthabits.〖答案〗1.D2.C3.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹中國(guó)一些大學(xué)在新學(xué)年開始時(shí)采取了一些創(chuàng)新方法，以減輕學(xué)生返校壓力?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“GoingbacktocampuseverySeptembercanbestressfulformoststudents.However,someuniversitiesinChinamanagetomakethisprocesseasier.(對(duì)大多數(shù)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，每年9月返校都會(huì)有壓力。然而，中國(guó)的一些大學(xué)設(shè)法使這一過(guò)程更容易)”可知，這些大學(xué)采取令人愉快的行動(dòng)是為了緩解學(xué)生壓力，讓返校更容易。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HebeiUniversity部分中“Teachersfromtheuniversityrecentlyheldatreasurehuntchallengetolightenuptheatmosphereofgettingbacktocampusforstudents.Teachershidcoupons(獎(jiǎng)券)insurprisingplacesaroundthecampus,suchasthetopofbookshelvesorthebottomofbasketballhoops.Studentswhomanagedtocollectthecouponswererewardedwithgifts,includingbooksandstuffedtoys.(該校的老師們最近舉辦了一場(chǎng)尋寶挑戰(zhàn)賽，以減輕學(xué)生們返校的氣氛。老師們把優(yōu)惠券藏在校園里出人意料的地方，比如書架的頂部或籃球籃筐的底部。設(shè)法收集到優(yōu)惠券的學(xué)生將獲得禮物，包括書籍和填充玩具)”可知，河北大學(xué)采取的措施是讓學(xué)生尋找禮物。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ChengduUniversity部分中“ChengduUniversityoffersa“roommate-selectionsystem”basedonbigdata.(成都大學(xué)推出了一套基于大數(shù)據(jù)的“室友選擇系統(tǒng)”)”可知，成都大學(xué)通過(guò)大數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)分配寢室。故選B項(xiàng)。BDinhThu,aVietnamese(越南的)woman,wasfascinatedbytheChineselanguageandculturesincechildhoodandshepursuedChineseashermajorinuniversity.Aftergraduation,DinhenteredaChinesewasteincineration(焚化)powerplantinVienamasatranslator.Atfirst,thetoughworkingenvironmentmadeDinhunsurehowlongshecoulddothejob.Butthedemandingenvironmentwasnotheronlychallenge.Dinhsoonfoundoutthatshehadtobeanexpertinthefieldofgarbagedisposal(處理).“Thebiggestchallengewasthetranslationoftechnicalterms,manyofwhichIcouldn’tunderstandatthetime,”Dinhsaid.“Luckily,wheneverIranintowordsorexpressionsthatIwasn’tfamiliarwithandcouldn’tlookupmyself,IwouldaskmyChinesecolleagues.Theywerealwayseagertohelp.”HuChangbing,themanageroftheVienambranch,hasworkedwithDinhforoverfouryears.“IdiscoveredthatDinhhasthisspecialability—nomatterhowdifficultatask,shecouldfinishiteffectively,”Husaid.InDinh’swords,herworkbeliefwastocompletewhateverbossgaveherandprovideasatisfactoryoutcome.Shedidn’tmentionthefactthat,tocompletecertaintasks,shewouldmakedozensofphonecallsandsometimesevenmakemultipletripstotalktosomeoneinperson.Hereffortsandcontributionswereappreciatedbyhersuperior.Thewasteincinerationpowerplanthassignificantlypromotedthesustainabledevelopment.Dinhisveryproudtohavecontributedtothisproject.“IhopetoimprovemyinformationresearchandnegotiationskillsinthefutureandtofurtherexploretheVietnamesemarketwithmycolleagues.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutDinhfromthefirstparagraph?A.SheonceworkedinChina. B.Shewaspositiveaboutherfuture.C.Shestudiedenvironmentinuniversity. D.ShewasinterestedintheChineselanguage.5.WhatwasthehardestthinginDinh’swork?A.BeingunfamiliarwithChineseculture. B.Unbearableworkingenvironment.C.Thetranslationoftechnicalterms. D.Toughcompetitionfromcolleagues.6.WhatisthepurposeofmentioningHu’swords?A.ToproveDinh’sability. B.TopromoteDinh’sdetermination.C.ToshowHu’skindness. D.ToexpressHu’sexpectation.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDinh?A.Warm-heartedandcareful. B.Experiencedandcreative.C.Hard-workingandmodest. D.Learnedandhelpful.〖答案〗4.D5.C6.A7.C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。文章講述了愛好中國(guó)文化，工作努力又謙虛的越南人DinhThu的故事?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“DinhThu,aVietnamese(越南的)woman,wasfascinatedbytheChineselanguageandculturesincechildhoodandshepursuedChineseashermajorinuniversity.(越南女子DinhThu從小就對(duì)中國(guó)語(yǔ)言和文化著迷，并在大學(xué)里將中文作為專業(yè))”可知，DinhThu對(duì)中國(guó)文化興趣。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的““Thebiggestchallengewasthetranslationoftechnicalterms,manyofwhichIcouldn’tunderstandatthetime,”Dinhsaid.(“最大的挑戰(zhàn)是技術(shù)術(shù)語(yǔ)的翻譯，很多我當(dāng)時(shí)都聽不懂，”Dinh說(shuō))”可知，在Dinh的工作中，技術(shù)術(shù)語(yǔ)的翻譯是最大的困難。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的“HuChangbing,themanageroftheVienambranch,hasworkedwithDinhforoverfouryears.“IdiscoveredthatDinhhasthisspecialability—nomatterhowdifficultatask,shecouldfinishiteffectively,”Husaid.(胡長(zhǎng)兵是越南分公司的經(jīng)理，他已經(jīng)和丁一起工作了四年多?！拔野l(fā)現(xiàn)丁有一種特殊的能力——無(wú)論多么困難的任務(wù)，她都能有效地完成，”胡說(shuō))”可推知，提到胡的話的目的是為了證明Dinh是一個(gè)非常用能力的人。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第倒數(shù)第二段“InDinh’swords,herworkbeliefwastocompletewhateverbossgaveherandprovideasatisfactoryoutcome.Shedidn’tmentionthefactthat,tocompletecertaintasks,shewouldmakedozensofphonecallsandsometimesevenmakemultipletripstotalktosomeoneinperson.Hereffortsandcontributionswereappreciatedbyhersuperior.(用Dinh的話說(shuō)，她的工作信念是完成老板交給她的任何事情，并提供一個(gè)滿意的結(jié)果。她沒(méi)有提到這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：為了完成某些任務(wù)，她會(huì)打幾十個(gè)電話，有時(shí)甚至要跑好幾趟，親自和別人交談。她的努力和貢獻(xiàn)得到了上級(jí)的贊賞)”可推知，Dinh工作努力并且謙虛。故選C。CAnewstudyfromtheUniversityofCambridgeshowshowsmallenvironmentalchangescanhavegreateffectsonhumanbehavior.Eventheriseofskateboardingistheresultofthedeeprelationshipsbetweenhumansandtheclimate.“Tomakeconnectionsbetweenclimateandsociety,weoftenlookintothepast,butaswegofurtherback,theevidencegetsthinner,”saidleadauthorProfessorBüntgen.“Wewantedtofindamoremodernexamplewherewehadlotsofdatatolookat.Thatishowwebegantostudyskateboarding.”Aswasrecorded,theprosperity(繁榮)ofpost-warAmericaresultedinthebuildingofmorethan150,000swimmingpoolsinCaliforniaduringthe1960s.However,Californiasufferedthegreatestdrought(旱災(zāi))inthe1970s.Thegovernment’swateragenciesrespondedbymandatingstrictcuts,includingabanstoppingpeoplefromfillingbackyardswimmingpools.Asaresult,manyofthesepoolswereempty,makingthemidealplaygroundsforfreestyleskateboarders.Naturally,skateboardingexplodedinpopularity.Büntgensaid,“CaliforniausedtobethecenterofUSsurfculture.Thepopularityandinfluenceofsurfculturewasveryimportanttotheriseofskateboarding,whichiswhyitcouldhaveonlyhappenedinCalifornia.Youcouldhavehadthesamedrought,thesamepoolsinsomewherelikePhoenix,butsincePhoenixdoesn’thavearichsurfculture,professionalskateboardingcouldn’thavestartedthere.”Withtheriseofprofessionalskateboardingcametheindustrialproductionofpolyurethane(聚氨酯)wheels,whichallowedskaterstomakefasterturnsathigherspeedsthantheycouldwithearliersteelwheels.Allthesefactorsmadeskateboardingmorepopular.Nowadays,itisamultibillion-dollarindustry.TheexampleofCaliforniabestshowsthatlocalclimatechangecanhavemajoreffectsonhumansociety.8.Whatisthefindingofthenewstudy?A.Climatechangesaffecthumanbehavior.B.Populargamesbenefitgreatlyfromdroughts.C.Theenvironmentchangespeople’srelationships.D.Culturecontributestotheindustrydevelopment.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mandating”inParagraph3mean?A.Carryingout. B.Countingon. C.Stickingwith. D.Gettingover.10.AccordingtoBüntgen,whatisaspecialfactorpromotingskateboardinginCalifornia?A.Drought. B.Location. C.Swimmingpools. D.Surfculture.11.Fromwhichsectionisthistextmostprobablytaken?A.Society. B.Health. C.Education.D.Business.〖答案〗8.A9.A10.D11.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章通過(guò)講述加利福尼亞州的例子：加州沖浪文化的興起，表明局部氣候變化會(huì)對(duì)人類社會(huì)產(chǎn)生重大影響?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofCambridgeshowshowsmallenvironmentalchangescanhavegreateffectsonhumanbehavior.(劍橋大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，微小的環(huán)境變化會(huì)對(duì)人類行為產(chǎn)生巨大影響。)”可知，新的研究表明天氣變化影響人類的行為。故選A?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文“includingabanstoppingpeoplefromfillingbackyardswimmingpools.(包括禁止人們?cè)诤笤河斡境乩锾钏?”結(jié)合上文“However,Californiasufferedthegreatestdrought(旱災(zāi))inthe1970s.(然而，加州在20世紀(jì)70年代遭受了最嚴(yán)重的干旱。)”可知，加州遭遇最嚴(yán)重的旱災(zāi)，政府水務(wù)部門作出回應(yīng)，實(shí)施削減開支，包括禁止人們?cè)诤笤河斡境乩锾钏?。因此推斷劃線詞與A項(xiàng)“實(shí)施”意思一致。故選A?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“CaliforniausedtobethecenterofUSsurfculture.Thepopularityandinfluenceofsurfculturewasveryimportanttotheriseofskateboarding,whichiswhyitcouldhaveonlyhappenedinCalifornia.(加州曾經(jīng)是美國(guó)沖浪文化的中心。沖浪文化的流行和影響對(duì)滑板運(yùn)動(dòng)的興起非常重要，這就是為什么它只能在加州發(fā)生的原因。)”可知，加州的沖浪文化是加州推廣滑板運(yùn)動(dòng)的一個(gè)特殊因素。故選D。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofCambridgeshowshowsmallenvironmentalchangescanhavegreateffectsonhumanbehavior.(劍橋大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，微小的環(huán)境變化會(huì)對(duì)人類行為產(chǎn)生巨大影響。)”并縱觀全文可知，本文通過(guò)加利福尼亞州沖浪文化的興起，表明局部氣候變化會(huì)對(duì)人類社會(huì)產(chǎn)生重大影響。因此推斷文章選自社會(huì)板塊。故選A。DTwodaysbeforeIhadaheartattack,I’dbeenleadinganexpedition(探險(xiǎn)).Iwas37,andactive.EvenwhenIgottohospital,IhardlybelievedIwashavingaheartattack,butIwasrushedintoanoperatingroom.WhenIcameoutofhospitalthreedayslater,Icouldbarelywalkandwasputintocardiacrehab(心臟康復(fù))withagroupof85-year-olds.ButIbelievedIneededsomethingelsetoheal(治愈)me.Asanoutdoorsguywhocouldmakestonetoolsandliveofftheland,IknewthatwaswhereIneededtobe.Andso,afterseveraltreatments,Ithought,“I’moutofhere!”andwenttoliveinacave,nearwhereIcouldhuntanimalsanddrinkfromstreams.IspentaboutsixmonthschangingbetweenatraditionallifeandlivingintheColoradowilderness.Ididn’twanttobeawayfrommyfamilyfortoolong,soIwouldcomebackoftentoconnectwiththem.Iwasbecomingpartofthepatternoflifethatexistedinthewild,understandingthesoundsandthesmells.Youcanchoosetofightit,ortotrytocontrolit,butwhenyouacceptit,youreachadeeperunderstandingofwhoyouareandwhatyou’redoingoutthere.Thedayofmyheartattackchangedmylife,becauseitwasareawakening.Knowingthateventuallyonedayyouwilldie,youneedtolivethelifethatyouwant,findthevalue.ForallthetimeIstillspendinthewilderness,socialmediahasactuallybecomeabigpartofmylife.Beforemyheartattack,Iwasneveronit,but,afterwards,peopleencouragedmetostartaYouTubechannelsharingmyskills.NowI’vewrittenbooks,donerealityshowsandconsultedformovies.I’veembracedthiselementofmodernlife,andhopetofuelpeople’scuriosityaboutthenaturalworld.Manyofusacceptlifejustthewayitis,buttherearesomewhowantsomethingdifferent.Luckily,Iamthelatterone.12.Whydidtheauthorgotoliveinacave?A.Tohealhimself. B.Toavoidtheoldpeople.C.Toleadanexpedition. D.Topracticesurvivalskills.13.Whatmaytheword“reawakening”inParagraph4referto?A.Livingthelifeyouwant. B.Acceptinglifeasitis.C.Fightingforaneasylife. D.Bringinglifeundercontrol.14.Whyistheauthoronsocialmedianow?A.Toreporttheprocessofhisrecovery. B.Toshareoutdoorsurvivalskills.C.Tokilltimewhileinthewilderness. D.Tofuelcuriosityaboutmodernlife.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Acavethatimpressedme B.AstrongdesireformodernlifeC.Amomentthatchangedme D.Anewunderstandingofthewild〖答案〗12.A13.A14.B15.C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者喜歡生活在野外。在他37歲時(shí)，他突然心臟病發(fā)作，在醫(yī)院作了支架。從那之后，他開始思考自己的生活，并做出了改變。他依然喜歡在野外過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的生活，但是也愿意通過(guò)社交媒體進(jìn)入到現(xiàn)代的生活當(dāng)中?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“ButIbelievedIneededsomethingelsetoheal(治愈)me.Asanoutdoorsguywhocouldmakestonetoolsandliveofftheland,IknewthatwaswhereIneededtobe.Andso,afterseveraltreatments,Ithought,“I’moutofhere!”andwenttoliveinacave,nearwhereIcouldhuntanimalsanddrinkfromstreams.(但我相信我需要?jiǎng)e的東西來(lái)治愈我。作為一個(gè)可以制作石器，靠土地生活的戶外工作者，我知道我需要去那里。所以，經(jīng)過(guò)幾次治療后，我想，“我要離開這里了！”我住在一個(gè)山洞里，在那里我可以打獵，可以喝溪水)”可知，作者住在山洞里是為了治愈自己。故選A。【13題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“Knowingthateventuallyonedayyouwilldie,youneedtolivethelifethatyouwant,findthevalue.(知道終有一天你會(huì)死去，你需要過(guò)你想要的生活，找到它的價(jià)值)”和劃線詞所在句“Thedayofmyheartattackchangedmylife,becauseitwasareawakening.(我心臟病發(fā)作的那一天改變了我的生活，因?yàn)槟鞘且淮蝦eawakening)”可知，心臟病發(fā)作那一天讓作者知道總有一天會(huì)死去，要過(guò)自己想要的生活，找到個(gè)人價(jià)值，因此推斷那一天提醒作者過(guò)自己想過(guò)的生活。由此可知，劃線詞指的是“過(guò)你想要的生活”。故選A。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“ForallthetimeIstillspendinthewilderness,socialmediahasactuallybecomeabigpartofmylife.Beforemyheartattack,Iwasneveronit,but,afterwards,peopleencouragedmetostartaYouTubechannelsharingmyskills.NowI’vewrittenbooks,donerealityshowsandconsultedformovies.I’veembracedthiselementofmodernlife,andhopetofuelpeople’scuriosityaboutthenaturalworld.(盡管我仍然在荒野中度過(guò)，但社交媒體實(shí)際上已經(jīng)成為我生活的重要組成部分。在我心臟病發(fā)作之前，我從來(lái)沒(méi)有上過(guò)它，但在那之后，人們鼓勵(lì)我開一個(gè)YouTube頻道來(lái)分享我的技能?，F(xiàn)在我寫過(guò)書，做過(guò)真人秀，還做過(guò)電影顧問(wèn)。我已經(jīng)接受了現(xiàn)代生活中的這一元素，并希望能激發(fā)人們對(duì)自然世界的好奇心)”可知，作者現(xiàn)在參與社交媒體是為了共享自己的戶外生存技能。故選B?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題?？v觀全文，根據(jù)第四段的“Thedayofmyheartattackchangedmylife,becauseitwasareawakening.Knowingthateventuallyonedayyouwilldie,youneedtolivethelifethatyouwant,findthevalue.(我心臟病發(fā)作的那一天改變了我的生活，因?yàn)槟鞘且淮沃匦掠X醒。知道終有一天你會(huì)死去，你需要過(guò)你想要的生活，找到它的價(jià)值)”可知，文章主要講述了作者喜歡生活在野外。在他37歲時(shí)，他突然心臟病發(fā)作，在醫(yī)院作了支架。從那之后，他開始思考自己的生活，并做出了改變。他依然喜歡在野外過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的生活，但是也愿意通過(guò)社交媒體進(jìn)入到現(xiàn)代的生活當(dāng)中，共享自己的戶外生存技能。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“改變我的那一刻”適合作本文標(biāo)題，突出主題。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wearetheproductsofourlearningenvironments—you’renotborntobetidyormessy.___16___Therearegoodreasonstotrytobecomemoreorganized,too,giventhatlivingwithmessinesscancausestress.Herearemanageablewaystotidyupyouract.ThinkaboutwhyyouwanttobetidierMaybeyouwanttobeabletohavefriendsoveratamoment’snotice.Maybeyou’retiredoffeelingstressedandoverwhelmedbymessinyourlivingspaceormaybeyou’resickofspendingtimelookingforthingsyoushouldbeabletogetyourhandsonquickly.___17___DecreasetheamountofstuffinyourhomeMostpeoplehavetoomuchstufftomanage.Youshouldcutdowntheamountofyourstuff.___18___Tomakeadecision,askyourself:Isthisitemworththespaceit’stakingupinmyhome?Doesitaddvalueormesstomydailylife?CreateaholdingboxWhileit’seasytopartwiththingsthatarebroken,outdated,orthatyousimplydon’tuse,itemsconnectedwithyouremotionareatoughercall.___19___Usetheholdingboxtoofferyourselfsometimetomaketheharderchoices.Lettheitemssittherefor24to48hourssoyoucanprocessyourfeelingsofambivalence(矛盾)anddecidewhetheryouwanttosavethem.___20___Youmaythinkthatputtingthemailinadesignatedbasketorhangingupyourpursecanpreventmessesfrombuildingup.Actually,whatyoureallyneedisamind-setshift,ratherthanlettingyourbelongingslandwheretheymay.Withtheseefforts,youcanmaintainyournewlytidier,betterorganizedenvironment.A.ChangeyourhabitB.AdoptanewattitudeC.Tidinessisaskillthatcanbelearned.D.It’sagoodideatobecomebetterorganizedortidier.E.Thisiswhereaholdingboxorbasketcancomeinhandy.F.Onceyoudesirefortidiness,you’llhavethewishtomakeithappen.G.It’simportanttodecidewhatyouwanttokeepandwhatyoucangiveup.〖答案〗16.C17.F18.G19.E20.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章就如何整理和減少雜物提出建議。【16題詳析】上文“Wearetheproductsofourlearningenvironments—you’renotborntobetidyormessy.(我們是學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境的產(chǎn)物——你不是生來(lái)就整潔或凌亂的)”說(shuō)明習(xí)慣不是與生俱來(lái)的，C項(xiàng)“Tidinessisaskillthatcanbelearned.(整潔是一種可以學(xué)習(xí)的技能)”承接上文，說(shuō)明“整潔”可以后天學(xué)習(xí)，句中“Tidiness”照應(yīng)上文“you’renotborntobetidy”，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】上文“Maybeyou’retiredoffeelingstressedandoverwhelmedbymessinyourlivingspaceormaybeyou’resickofspendingtimelookingforthingsyoushouldbeabletogetyourhandsonquickly.(也許你已經(jīng)厭倦了生活空間的混亂和壓力，或者你已經(jīng)厭倦了花時(shí)間去尋找你應(yīng)該能很快得到的東西)”假設(shè)自己已經(jīng)厭倦了生活環(huán)境中的混亂和花時(shí)間去尋找東西，有了想要讓環(huán)境變得整潔的想法，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Onceyoudesirefortidiness,you’llhavethewishtomakeithappen.(一旦你渴望整潔，你就會(huì)有愿望去實(shí)現(xiàn)它)”承接上文，說(shuō)明找到想要讓環(huán)境變得整潔的原因，就會(huì)去實(shí)現(xiàn)它，照應(yīng)主題句“Thinkaboutwhyyouwanttobetidier(想想你為什么想要更整潔)”。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Tomakeadecision,askyourself:(為了做決定，要先問(wèn)自己：)”可知，設(shè)空句中會(huì)提到一種需要做出決定的情形，G項(xiàng)“It’simportanttodecidewhatyouwanttokeepandwhatyoucangiveup.(決定什么是你想要保留的，什么是你可以放棄的，這很重要)”中描述了這種情形：決定保留什么和放棄什么，句中“It’simportanttodecide”照應(yīng)下文中“Tomakeadecision”，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Usetheholdingboxtoofferyourselfsometimetomaketheharderchoices.(用緩沖箱給自己一些時(shí)間來(lái)做更困難的選擇)”中特指名詞“theholdingbox”可推知，設(shè)空句中會(huì)先提到theholdingbox，E項(xiàng)“Thisiswhereaholdingboxorbasketcancomeinhandy.(這時(shí)，緩沖箱或緩沖籃就會(huì)派上用場(chǎng)了)”中出現(xiàn)了“aholdingbox”，與下文構(gòu)成指代關(guān)系，同時(shí)解決了上文“itemsconnectedwithyouremotionareatoughercall(與你的情感相關(guān)的東西是一個(gè)比較困難的選擇)”中提出的問(wèn)題。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】設(shè)空處是本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)下文“Youmaythinkthatputtingthemailinadesignatedbasketorhangingupyourpursecanpreventmessesfrombuildingup.Actually,whatyoureallyneedisamind-setshift,ratherthanlettingyourbelongingslandwheretheymay.(你可能認(rèn)為把郵件放在指定的籃子里或把錢包掛起來(lái)可以防止混亂。實(shí)際上，你真正需要的是一種思維方式的轉(zhuǎn)變，而不是讓你的物品隨意放置)”可知，本段建議真正應(yīng)該做的是轉(zhuǎn)變思維方式，故B項(xiàng)“Adoptanewattitude(采取新的態(tài)度)”是最佳小標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。IwasborninasmalltowninMontana,fromtheagesoffourtofourteen,myyearswerespenthikingthebeautifulGlacierNationalParkonweekends,and___21___thedeerthatwouldvisitmybackyardfromtimetotime.ThoughIlovedmyhometown,Iwantedto___22___otherplacesandexperiencewhatit’sliketolivesomewhereotherthanMontana.Usuallypeopleinasmalltowndon’twantto___23___,butnotme.Therefore,theideaofmovingawaydidn’t___24___measitdidothers.Itwouldbepartofmy“growingup”process.Iwasokaywithit.___25___IthoughtIwas.Ijusthadnoideaitwouldbesosoon.Iwould___26___movingnearly2000milessouthtoTexastoattendanewhighschool,whereeverythingwas___27___Atthetime,itfeltlikethe___28___thingIhadeverdone.IrememberedsobbingtomyparentsthatIdidn’twanttoleaveMontana.Ispentmywholelifebuildingup___29___butnowIhadtosaygoodbye.Ihadnoideahowto____30____again.Finallycametheday.Itfeltlikewepackedourentirelifeintoourcar,____31____alltheluggageintothecar.We____32____ourcatonourkneesalltheway____33____wereachedTexas.____34____tothisnewenvironmentwasjustashardasIhadimagined.Imissedthequietnightsofmysmalltownduringmany____35____nights.Montanaoccupieda____36____positioninmyheartforalongtime.But____37____,Iloosenedmytightgrip(牽絆)ontheplaceIusedtocallhome.IrealizedthatIneededto____38____inordertoloveandacceptthenewcityIlivedin.Thehard____39____hastaughtmethatthepainofmissinghomewillgoawayoneday.Welearntomeetdifferentpeopleandmakedifferentmemories.Toallthoseadjustingtoa____40____environment,mymessageis-itwillbeokay.21.A.hunting B.watching C.raising D.training22.A.explore B.develop C.find D.search23.A.wait B.travel C.leave D.struggle24.A.puzzle B.frighten C.excite D.impress25.A.Atlast B.Atpresent C.Attimes D.Atleast26.A.hurryup B.comeup C.endup D.growup27.A.different B.interesting C.attractive D.special28.A.best B.hardest C.coolest D.strangest29.A.strength B.knowledge C.friendships D.habits30.A.play B.work C.learn D.start31.A.forcing B.dropping C.adding D.throwing32.A.protected B.held C.pressed D.fed33.A.after B.when C.until D.since34.A.Turning B.Belonging C.Contributing D.Adapting35.A.lonely B.curious C.ashamed D.stressed36.A.central B.tiny C.good D.comfortable37.A.certainly B.importantly C.eventually D.generally38.A.getaround B.letitgo C.liveitup D.calmdown39.A.work B.life C.test D.experience40.A.new B.pleasant C.safe D.familiar〖答案〗21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.C27.A28.B29.C30.D31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A36.A37.C38.B39.D40.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己離開熟悉的家鄉(xiāng)來(lái)到一個(gè)新地方的經(jīng)歷，通過(guò)這段經(jīng)歷，作者想要告訴那些適應(yīng)新環(huán)境的人：一切都會(huì)好起來(lái)。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我出生在蒙大拿州的一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)上，從4歲到14歲，我的童年是在周末去美麗的冰川國(guó)家公園徒步旅行，觀察不時(shí)到我家后院來(lái)的鹿度過(guò)的。A.hunting狩獵；B.watching觀察；C.raising養(yǎng)育；D.training訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)前文“thebeautifulGlacierNationalPark”和后文“thedeerthatwouldvisitmybackyardfromtimetotime”可知，作者會(huì)觀察不時(shí)到我家后院來(lái)的鹿。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我愛我的家鄉(xiāng)，但我想探索其他地方，體驗(yàn)蒙大拿州以外的地方生活的感覺。A.explore探索；B.develop發(fā)展；C.find發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.search搜索。根據(jù)前文的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句“ThoughIlovedmyhometown”及后文“otherplacesandexperiencewhatit’sliketolivesomewhereotherthanMontana.”可知，作者喜歡自己的家鄉(xiāng)，但是也想要去其它地方探索。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：通常小鎮(zhèn)上的人不想離開，但不是我。A.wait等待；B.travel旅行；C.leave離開；D.struggle掙扎。根據(jù)前文“Iwantedto______otherplacesandexperiencewhatit’sliketolivesomewhereotherthanMontana.”可知，作者想要探索小鎮(zhèn)外的世界，不是不愿意離開的小鎮(zhèn)上的人。故選C。【24題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，搬走的想法并沒(méi)有像其他人那樣讓我恐懼。A.puzzle使迷惑；B.frighten使驚恐；C.excite使激動(dòng)；D.impress使印象深刻。根據(jù)前文“ThoughIlovedmyhometown,Iwantedto______otherplacesandexperiencewhatit’sliketolivesomewhereotherthanMontana.”可知，作者想要探索外邊的世界，因此搬離小鎮(zhèn)并不會(huì)讓作者感到驚恐。故選B。【25題詳析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我覺得還好。至少我以為我是。A.Atlast最后；B.Atpresent現(xiàn)在；C.Attimes有時(shí)；D.Atleast至少。根據(jù)前文“Itwouldbepartofmy“growingup”process.Iwasokaywithit.”以及下文“IrememberedsobbingtomyparentsthatIdidn’twanttoleaveMontana.”可知，作者知道離開家鄉(xiāng)去外邊的世界是成長(zhǎng)的一部分，感覺自己還可以，至少當(dāng)時(shí)認(rèn)為自己是可以的，真正要離開的時(shí)候卻很傷心。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：最后，我要向南搬到2000英里外的德克薩斯州，去上一所新的高中，那里的一切都不同了。A.hurryup匆忙；B.comeup過(guò)來(lái)；C.endup最終；D.growup成長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)前文“Therefore,theideaofmovingawaydidn’t______measitdidothers.”可知，作者要搬走，最終搬到了2000英里外的德克薩斯州，去上一所新的高中。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，我要向南搬到2000英里外的德克薩斯州，去上一所新的高中，那里的一切都不同了。A.different不同的；B.interesting有趣的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.special特別的。根據(jù)前文“Iwould______movingnearly2000milessouthtoTexastoattendanewhighschool”可知，作者搬到了一所新的高中，一切都成為不同的。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)，我覺得這是我做過(guò)的最艱難的事情。A.best最好的；B.hardest最困難的；C.coolest最酷的；D.strangest最奇怪的。根據(jù)后文“IrememberedsobbingtomyparentsthatIdidn’twanttoleaveMontana.”可知，作者不想離開Montana，感覺離開是最困難的事情。故選B?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我花了我的一生建立友誼，但現(xiàn)在我不得不說(shuō)再見。A.strength力量；B.knowledge知識(shí)；C.friendships友誼；D.habits習(xí)慣。根據(jù)后文“Welearntomeetdifferentpeopleandmakedifferentmemories.”可知，作者在這所小鎮(zhèn)上有熟悉的人，建立了友誼。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我不知道如何重新開始。A.play玩耍；B.work工作；C.learn學(xué)習(xí)；D.start開始。根據(jù)前文“Iwould______movingnearly2000milessouthtoTexastoattendanewhighschool”可知，作者要去新的高中，重新開始生活。故選D。【31題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：感覺就像我們把整個(gè)生活都塞進(jìn)了車?yán)?，把所有的行李都塞進(jìn)了車?yán)铩.forcing用力推；B.dropping掉下；C.adding增加；D.throwing投。根據(jù)前文“Itfeltlikewepackedourentirelifeintoourcar”可知，作者把所有的行李都用力塞進(jìn)車?yán)?。force符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們一直把貓抱在膝蓋上，直到我們到達(dá)德克薩斯。A.protected保護(hù)；B.held擁抱；C.pressed按下；D.fed喂養(yǎng)。根據(jù)后文“ourcatonourknees”可知，一路上抱著貓。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：我們一直把貓抱在膝蓋上，直到我們到達(dá)德克薩斯。A.after在……后面；B.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；C.until直到；D.since自從。根據(jù)后文“wereachedTexas”可知，作者一路上抱著貓直到到達(dá)了德克薩斯。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：適應(yīng)這個(gè)新環(huán)境和我想象的一樣困難。A.Turning轉(zhuǎn)向；B.Belonging屬于；C.Contributing貢獻(xiàn)；D.Adapting適應(yīng)。根據(jù)后文“Imissedthequietnightsofmysmalltownduringmany______nights.”可知，作者懷念故鄉(xiāng)的一切，適應(yīng)新環(huán)境很艱難。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在許多孤獨(dú)的夜晚，我想念小鎮(zhèn)上安靜的夜晚。A.lonely孤獨(dú)的；B.curious好奇的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.stressed緊張的。根據(jù)前文“Imissedthequietnightsofmysmalltown”可知，作者來(lái)到了一個(gè)新環(huán)境，思念小鎮(zhèn)，感到孤獨(dú)。故選A。【36題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：蒙大拿在我心中占據(jù)中心位置很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間。A.central中心的；B.tiny微小的；C.good好的；D.comfortable舒適的。根據(jù)前文“Imissedthequietnightsofmysmalltown”可知，作者的故鄉(xiāng)蒙大拿在作者心中占有中心位置。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但是最終，我松開了對(duì)我曾經(jīng)稱之為家的地方的緊緊的牽絆。A.certainly當(dāng)然；B.importantly重要地；C.eventually最終；D.generally普遍地。根據(jù)后文“Iloosenedmytightgrip(牽絆)ontheplaceIusedtocallhome”可知，作者雖然對(duì)故鄉(xiāng)有很多牽絆，但是最終松開了。故選C。【38題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我意識(shí)到我需要放手才能愛和接受我所居住的新城市。A.getaround四處走動(dòng)；B.letitgo放手；C.liveitup盡情享受；D.calmdown鎮(zhèn)靜下來(lái)。根據(jù)前文“Iloosenedmytightgrip(牽絆)ontheplaceIusedtocallhome”和后文“inordertoloveandacceptthenewcityIlivedin”可知，作者意識(shí)到只有放開過(guò)去的牽絆才能開始新的生活。故選B?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這段艱難的經(jīng)歷告訴我，思念家的痛苦總有一天會(huì)消失的。A.work工作；B.life生命；C.test測(cè)試；D.experience經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)后文“hastaughtmethatthepainofmissinghomewillgoawayoneday”可知，此處指作者離開家來(lái)到新地方的經(jīng)歷。故選D?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)于那些正在適應(yīng)新環(huán)境的人，我想說(shuō)的是——一切都會(huì)好的。A.new新的；B.pleasant令人愉快的；C.safe安全的；D.familiar熟悉的。根據(jù)前文“Iwould______movingnearly2000milessouthtoTexastoattendanewhighschool”可知，作者通過(guò)自己的經(jīng)歷想要告訴那些適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境的人，一切都會(huì)好起來(lái)。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThemovieBorntoFlywasreleasedinChinaonApril28.Itfollowsagroupofairforcepilots___41___jobistotestthenewestgenerationofChina’sflyingtechnology.Theymustfirstgothroughadifficulttest___42___(see)iftheyhavewhatittakestobeinvolvedindangerousresearch.Onceselected,theytestthenewplanestotheirlimits,___43___(face)manyunexpectedrisks.Thevalueofthishardworkisclear.Bytheendofthemovie,China’sadvancedairforceisabletooutsmart(更勝一籌)andspeedpastitsopponents,usingtheir___44___(new)developedjetstoshowtheirnewfoundpower.TheJ-20fighterjet___45___(be)asuperstarsinceitwasfirstseenflyingin2016.ItrepresentsthemostadvancedtechnologicalachievementsofChina.ThemovieBorntoFly___46___(pro