2021年C面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)上機(jī)考試題庫(kù)

C++面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)上機(jī)考試題庫(kù)一、第一類題目（20道，每題7分，在word中保存代碼并將輸出成果窗口保存）1．定義盒子Box類，規(guī)定具備如下成員：長(zhǎng)、寬、高分別為x,y,z，可設(shè)立盒子形狀；可計(jì)算盒子體積；可計(jì)算盒子表面積。#include<iostream>classBox{private:intx,y,z；intv,s;public:voidint(intx1=0,inty1=0,intz1=0){x=x1;y=y1;z=z1;}voidvolue(){v=x*y*z;}voidarea(){s=2*(x*y+x*z+y*z);}voidshow(){cout<<"x="<<x<<"y="<<y<<"z="<<z<<endl;cout<<"s="<<s<<"v="<<v<<endl;}};voidmain(){Boxa;a.init(2,3,4);a.volue();a.area();a.show();}有兩個(gè)長(zhǎng)方柱，其長(zhǎng)、寬、高分別為：（1）30，20，10；（2）12，10，20。分別求她們體積。編一種基于對(duì)象程序，在類中用帶參數(shù)構(gòu)造函數(shù)。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classBox{public:Box(int,int,int);//帶參數(shù)構(gòu)造函數(shù)intvolume();private:intlength;intwidth;intheight;};Box::Box(intlen,inth,intw){length=len;height=h;width=w；}//Box::Box(intlen,intw,int,h):length(len),height(h),width(w){}intBox::volume(){return(length*width*height)；}intmain(){Boxbox1cout<<"Thevolumeofbox1is"<<box1.volume()<<endl;Boxbox2cout<<"Thevolumeofbox2is"<<box2.volume()<<endl;return0;}有兩個(gè)長(zhǎng)方柱，其長(zhǎng)、寬、高分別為：（1）12，20，25；（2）10，30，20。分別求她們體積。編一種基于對(duì)象程序，且定義兩個(gè)構(gòu)造函數(shù)，其中一種有參數(shù)，一種無(wú)參數(shù)。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classBox{public:Box()；Box(intlen,intw,inth):length(len),width(w),height(h){}intvolume();private:intlength;intwidth;intheight;};intBox::volume(){return(length*width*height);}intmain(){Boxbox1cout<<"Thevolumeofbox1is"<<box1.volume()<<endl;Boxbox2cout<<"Thevolumeofbox2is"<<box2.volume()<<endl;return0;}聲明一種類模板，運(yùn)用它分別實(shí)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)整數(shù)、浮點(diǎn)數(shù)和字符比較，求出大數(shù)和小數(shù)。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;template<classnumtype>//聲明一種類模板classCompare{public:Compare(numtypea,numtypeb){x=a;y=b;}numtypemax(){return(x>y)?x:y;}numtypemin(){return(x<y)?x:y;}private:numtypex,y;};intmain(){Compare<int>cmp1(3,7);cout<<cmp1.max()<<"istheMaximumoftwointedernumbers."<<endl;cout<<cmp1.min()<<"istheMinimumoftwointedernumbers."<<endl<<endl;Compare<float>cmp2(45.78,93.6);cout<<cmp2.max()<<"istheMaximumoftwofloatnumbers."<<endl;cout<<cmp2.min()<<"istheMinimumoftwofloatnumbers."<<endl<<endl;Compare<char>cmp3('a','A');cout<<cmp3.max()<<"istheMaximumoftwocharacters."<<endl;cout<<cmp3.min()<<"istheMinimumoftwocharacters."<<endl;return0;}建立一種對(duì)象數(shù)組，內(nèi)放5個(gè)學(xué)生數(shù)據(jù)（學(xué)號(hào)、成績(jī)），用指針指向數(shù)組首元素，輸出第1，3，5個(gè)學(xué)生數(shù)據(jù)。初值自擬。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classStudent{public:Student(intn,doubles):num(n),score(s){}voiddisplay();private:intnum;doublescore;};voidStudent::display(){cout<<num<<""<<score<<endl;}intmain(){Studentstud[5]={Student(101,78.5),Student(102,85.5),Student(103,98.5),Student(104,100.0),Student(105,95.5)};Student*p=stud;for(inti=0;i<=2;p=p+2,i++)p->display();return0;}建立一種對(duì)象數(shù)組，內(nèi)放5個(gè)學(xué)生數(shù)據(jù)（學(xué)號(hào)、成績(jī)），設(shè)立一種函數(shù)max，用指向?qū)ο笾羔樧骱瘮?shù)參數(shù)，在max函數(shù)中找出5個(gè)學(xué)生中成績(jī)最高者，并輸出其學(xué)號(hào)。初值自擬。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classStudent{public:Student(intn,floats):num(n),score(s){}intnum;floatscore;};voidmain(){Studentstud[5]={Student(101,78.5),Student(102,85.5),Student(103,98.5),Student(104,100.0),Student(105,95.5)};voidmax(Student*);Student*p=&stud[0];max(p);}voidmax(Student*arr){floatmax_score=arr[0].score;intk=0;for(inti=1;i<5;i++)if(arr[i].score>max_score){max_score=arr[i].score;k=i;}cout<<arr[k].num<<""<<max_score<<endl;}用new建立一種動(dòng)態(tài)一維數(shù)組，并初始化int[10]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10},用指針輸出，最后銷毀數(shù)組所占空間。#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;voidmain(){int*p;p=newint[10];for(inti=1;i<=10;i++){*(p+i-1)=i;cout<<*(p+i-1)<<"";}cout<<endl;delete[]p;return;}定義一種復(fù)數(shù)類Complex，重載運(yùn)算符“+”，使之能用于復(fù)數(shù)加法運(yùn)算。將運(yùn)算符函數(shù)重載為非成員、非友元普通函數(shù)。編寫(xiě)程序，求兩個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)之和。初值自擬。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classComplex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(doubler,doublei){real=r;imag=i;}doubleget_real();doubleget_imag();voiddisplay();private:doublereal;doubleimag;};doubleComplex::get_real(){returnreal;}doubleComplex::get_imag(){returnimag;}voidComplex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}Complexoperator+(Complex&c1,Complex&c2){returnComplex(c1.get_real()+c2.get_real(),c1.get_imag()+c2.get_imag());}intmain(){Complexc1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c3=";c3.display();return0;}定義一種復(fù)數(shù)類Complex，重載運(yùn)算符“＋”，“—”，使之能用于復(fù)數(shù)加，減運(yùn)算，運(yùn)算符重載函數(shù)作為Complex類成員函數(shù)。編程序，分別求出兩個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)之和，差。初值自擬。usingnamespacestd;classComplex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(doubler,doublei){real=r;imag=i;}Complexoperator+(Complex&c2);Complexoperator-(Complex&c2);voiddisplay();private:doublereal;doubleimag;};ComplexComplex::operator+(Complex&c2){Complexc;c.real=real+c2.real;c.imag=imag+c2.imag;returnc;}ComplexComplex::operator-(Complex&c2){Complexc;c.real=real-c2.real;c.imag=imag-c2.imag;returnc;}voidComplex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}intmain(){Complexc1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c1+c2=";c3.display();c3=c1-c2;cout<<"c1-c2=";c3.display();return0;}定義一種復(fù)數(shù)類Complex，重載運(yùn)算符“*”，“/”，使之能用于復(fù)數(shù)乘，除。運(yùn)算符重載函數(shù)作為Complex類成員函數(shù)。編程序，分別求出兩個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)之積和商。初值自擬。提示：兩復(fù)數(shù)相乘計(jì)算公式為：(a+bi)*(c+di)=(ac-bd)+(ad+bc)i。兩復(fù)數(shù)相除計(jì)算公式為：(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c*c+d*d)+(bc-ad)/(c*c+d*d)i。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classComplex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(doubler,doublei){real=r;imag=i;}Complexoperator*(Complex&c2);Complexoperator/(Complex&c2);voiddisplay();private:doublereal;doubleimag;};ComplexComplex::operator*(Complex&c2){Complexc;c.real=real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag;c.imag=imag*c2.real+real*c2.imag;returnc;}ComplexComplex::operator/(Complex&c2){Complexc;c.real=(real*c2.real+imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);c.imag=(imag*c2.real-real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);returnc;}voidComplex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}intmain(){Complexc1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;c3=c1*c2;cout<<"c1*c2=";c3.display();c3=c1/c2;cout<<"c1/c2=";c3.display();return0;}定義一種復(fù)數(shù)類Complex，重載運(yùn)算符“＋”，使之能用于復(fù)數(shù)加法運(yùn)算。參加運(yùn)算兩個(gè)運(yùn)算量可以都是類對(duì)象，也可以其中有一種是整數(shù)，順序任意。例如：c1+c2，i+c1，c1+i均合法（設(shè)i為整數(shù)，c1，c2為復(fù)數(shù)）。編程序，分別求兩個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)之和、整數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之和。初值自擬。#include<iostream.h>classComplex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(doubler,doublei){real=r;imag=i;}Complexoperator+(Complex&c2);Complexoperator+(int&i);friendComplexoperator+(int&,Complex&);voiddisplay();private:doublereal;doubleimag;};ComplexComplex::operator+(Complex&c){returnComplex(real+c.real,imag+c.imag);}ComplexComplex::operator+(int&i){returnComplex(real+i,imag);}voidComplex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}Complexoperator+(int&i,Complex&c){returnComplex(i+c.real,c.imag);}intmain(){Complexc1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;inti=5;c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c1+c2=";c3.display();c3=i+c1;cout<<"i+c1=";c3.display();c3=c1+i;cout<<"c1+i=";c3.display();return0;}有兩個(gè)矩陣a和b，均為2行3列。求兩個(gè)矩陣之和。重載運(yùn)算符“+”，使之能用于矩陣相加。如c=a+b。初值自擬。#include<iostream.h>classMatrix{public:Matrix()；friendMatrixoperator+(Matrix&,Matrix&)；voidinput()；voiddisplay()；private:intmat[2][3];};Matrix::Matrix(){for(inti=0;i<2;i++)for(intj=0;j<3;j++)mat[i][j]=0;}Matrixoperator+(Matrix&a,Matrix&b){Matrixc;for(inti=0;i<2;i++)for(intj=0;j<3;j++){c.mat[i][j]=a.mat[i][j]+b.mat[i][j];}returnc;}voidMatrix::input(){cout<<"inputvalueofmatrix:"<<endl;for(inti=0;i<2;i++)for(intj=0;j<3;j++)cin>>mat[i][j];}voidMatrix::display(){for(inti=0;i<2;i++){for(intj=0;j<3;j++){cout<<mat[i][j]<<"";}cout<<endl;}}intmain(){Matrixa,b,c;a.input();b.input();cout<<endl<<"Matrixa:"<<endl;a.display();cout<<endl<<"Matrixb:"<<endl;b.display();c=a+b；cout<<endl<<"Matrixc=Matrixa+Matrixb:"<<endl;c.display();return0;}將運(yùn)算符“＋”重載為合用于復(fù)數(shù)加法，重載函數(shù)不作為成員函數(shù)，而放在類外，作為Complex類友元函數(shù)。初值自擬。#include<iostream.h>classComplex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(doubler){real=r;imag=0;}Complex(doubler,doublei){real=r;imag=i;}friendComplexoperator+(Complex&c1,Complex&c2);voiddisplay();private:doublereal;doubleimag;};Complexoperator+(Complex&c1,Complex&c2){returnComplex(c1.real+c2.real，c1.imag+c2.imag);}voidComplex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}intmain(){Complexc1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c1="；c1.display();cout<<"c2="；c2.display();cout<<"c1+c2="；c3.display();return0;}定義一種字符串類String，用來(lái)存儲(chǔ)不定長(zhǎng)字符串，重載運(yùn)算符“＝＝”，，用于兩個(gè)字符串等于比較運(yùn)算。初值自擬。#include<iostream.h>#include<string.h>classString{public:String(){p=NULL;}String(char*str);friendbooloperator==(String&string1,String&string2);voiddisplay();private:char*p;};String::String(char*str){p=str;}voidString::display(){cout<<p;}booloperator==(String&string1,String&string2){if(strcmp(string1.p,string2.p)==0)returntrue;elsereturnfalse;}voidcompare(String&string1,String&string2){if(operator==(string1,string2)==1){string1.display();cout<<"=";string2.display();}cout<<endl;}intmain(){Stringstring1("Hello"),string2("Hello");compare(string1,string2);return0;}定義一種字符串類String，用來(lái)存儲(chǔ)不定長(zhǎng)字符串，重載運(yùn)算符"<"，用于兩個(gè)字符串不大于比較運(yùn)算。初值自擬。#include<iostream.h>#include<string.h>classString{public:String(){p=NULL;}String(char*str);friendbooloperator<(String&string1,String&string2);voiddisplay();private:char*p;};String::String(char*str){p=str;}voidString::display(){cout<<p;}booloperator<(String&string1,String&string2){if(strcmp(string1.p,string2.p)<0)returntrue;elsereturnfalse;}voidcompare(String&string1,String&string2){if(operator<(string1,string2)==1){string1.display();cout<<"<";string2.display();}cout<<endl;}intmain(){Stringstring1("Book"),string2("Computer");compare(string1,string2);return0;}定義一種字符串類String，用來(lái)存儲(chǔ)不定長(zhǎng)字符串，重載運(yùn)算符">"，用于兩個(gè)字符串不不大于比較運(yùn)算。初值自擬。#include<iostream.h>#include<string.h>classString{public:String(){p=NULL;}String(char*str);friendbooloperator>(String&string1,String&string2);voiddisplay();private:char*p;};String::String(char*str){p=str;}voidString::display(){cout<<p;}booloperator>(String&string1,String&string2){if(strcmp(string1.p,string2.p)>0)returntrue;elsereturnfalse;}voidcompare(String&string1,String&string2){if(operator>(string1,string2)==1){string1.display();cout<<">";string2.display();}cout<<endl;}intmain(){Stringstring1("Hello"),string2("Book");compare(string1,string2);return0;}定義一種描述學(xué)生基本狀況類，數(shù)據(jù)成員涉及姓名、學(xué)號(hào)、C++成績(jī)、英語(yǔ)和數(shù)學(xué)成績(jī)，成員函數(shù)涉及輸出數(shù)據(jù)，求出總成績(jī)和平均成績(jī)。數(shù)據(jù)自擬。#include"string.h"#include<iostream.h>classCStuScore{public: char strName[12]; char strStuNO[9]; void SetScore(charsname[12]，charNO[9],floats0，floats1，floats2) {strcpy(strName，sname); strcpy(strStuNO，NO)； fScore[0]=s0; fScore[1]=s1； fScore[2]=s2；} void print() {cout<< cout<<"姓名:"<<strName;cout<<"學(xué)號(hào):"<<strStuNO;cout<<"C++成績(jī):"<<fScore[0]<<"英語(yǔ)成績(jī)："<<fScore[1]<<"數(shù)學(xué)成績(jī)："<<fScore[2]<<endl；} floatGetSUM(){return(float)((fScore[0]+fScore[1]+fScore[2]))；}float GetAverage();private: float fScore[3]; }; floatCStuScore::GetAverage(){return(float)((fScore[0]+fScore[1]+fScore[2])/3.0)；}voidmain(){ CStuScoreone; floata,b,c; char Name[12]; char StuNO[9];cout<<"姓名:";cin>>Name;cout<<"學(xué)號(hào):";cin>>StuNO;cout<<"成績(jī)1:"<<"成績(jī)2："<<"成績(jī)3："<<"\n";cin>>a>>b>>c;one.SetScore(Name,StuNO,a,b,c);one.print();cout<<"平均成績(jī)?yōu)?<<one.GetAverage()<<"\n";cout<<"總成績(jī)"<<one.GetSUM()<<"\n";}先建立一種Point（點(diǎn)）類，包括數(shù)據(jù)成員x，y（坐標(biāo)點(diǎn)）。以它為基類，派生出一種Circle（圓）類，增長(zhǎng)數(shù)據(jù)成員r（半徑），再以Circle類為直接基類，派生出一種Cylinder（圓柱體）類，在增長(zhǎng)數(shù)據(jù)成員h（高）。編寫(xiě)程序，重載運(yùn)算符“<<”和“>>”，使之可以用于輸出以上類對(duì)象。#include<iostream.h>classPoint{public:Point(float=0,float=0);voidsetPoint(float,float);floatgetX()const{returnx;}floatgetY()const{returny;}friendostream&operator<<(ostream&,constPoint&);protected:floatx,y;};Point::Point(floata,floatb){x=a;y=b;}voidPoint::setPoint(floata,floatb){x=a;y=b;}ostream&operator<<(ostream&output,constPoint&p){output<<"["<<p.x<<","<<p.y<<"]"<<endl;returnoutput;}classCircle:publicPoint{public:Circle(floatx=0,floaty=0,floatr=0);voidsetRadius(float);floatgetRadius()const;floatarea()const;friendostream&operator<<(ostream&,constCircle&);protected:floatradius;};Circle::Circle(floata,floatb,floatr):Point(a,b),radius(r){}voidCircle::setRadius(floatr){radius=r;}floatCircle::getRadius()const{returnradius;}floatCircle::area()const{return3.14159*radius*radius;}ostream&operator<<(ostream&output,constCircle&c){output<<"Center=["<<c.x<<","<<c.y<<"]，r="<<c.radius<<"，area="<<c.area()<<endl;returnoutput;}classCylinder:publicCircle{public:Cylinder(floatx=0,floaty=0,floatr=0,floath=0);voidsetHeight(float);floatgetHeight()const;floatarea()const;floatvolume()const;friendostream&operator<<(ostream&,constCylinder&);protected:floatheight;};Cylinder::Cylinder(floata,floatb,floatr,floath):Circle(a,b,r),height(h){}voidCylinder::setHeight(floath){height=h;}floatCylinder::getHeight()const{returnheight;}floatCylinder::area()const{return2*Circle::area()+2*3.14159*radius*height;}floatCylinder::volume()const{returnCircle::area()*height;}ostream&operator<<(ostream&output,constCylinder&cy){output<<"Center=["<<cy.x<<","<<cy.y<<"]，r="<<cy.radius<<"，h="<<cy.height<<"\narea="<<cy.area()<<"，volume="<<cy.volume()<<endl;returnoutput;}intmain(){Cylindercy1(3.5,6.4,5.2,10);cout<<"\noriginalcylinder:\nx="<<cy1.getX()<<"，y="<<cy1.getY()<<"，r="<<cy1.getRadius()<<"，h="<<cy1.getHeight()<<"\narea="<<cy1.area()<<"，volume="<<cy1.volume()<<endl;cy1.setHeight(15);cy1.setRadius(7.5);cy1.setPoint(5,5);cout<<"\nnewcylinder:\n"<<cy1;Point&pRef=cy1;cout<<"\npRefasapoint:"<<pRef;Circle&cRef=cy1;cout<<"\ncRefasaCircle:"<<cRef;return0;}寫(xiě)一種程序，定義抽象類型Shape，由她派生三個(gè)類：Circle（圓形），Rectangle（矩形），Trapezoid（梯形），用一種函數(shù)printArea分別輸出三者面積，3個(gè)圖形數(shù)據(jù)在定義對(duì)象是給定。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classShape{public:virtualdoublearea()const=0；};classCircle:publicShape{public:Circle(doubler):radius(r){}virtualdoublearea()const{return3.14159*radius*radius;}；protected:doubleradius；};classRectangle:publicShape{public:Rectangle(doublew,doubleh):width(w),height(h){}virtualdoublearea()const{returnwidth*height;}protected:doublewidth,height；};classTrapezoid:publicShape{public:Trapezoid(doublew,doubleh,doublelen):width(w),height(h),length(len){}virtualdoublearea()const{return0.5*height*(width+length);}protected:doublewidth,height,length；};voidprintArea(constShape&s){cout<<s.area()<<endl;}intmain(){Circlecircle(12.6)；cout<<"areaofcircle="；printArea(circle)；Rectanglerectangle(4.5,8.4)；cout<<"areaofrectangle="；printArea(rectangle)；Trapezoidtrapezoid(4.5,8.4,8.0)；cout<<"areaoftrapezoid=";printArea(trapezoid)；return0;}定義一種人員類Cperson，涉及數(shù)據(jù)成員：姓名、編號(hào)、性別和用于輸入輸出成員函數(shù)。在此基本上派生出學(xué)生類CStudent(增長(zhǎng)成績(jī))和教師類Cteacher(增長(zhǎng)教齡)，并實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)學(xué)生和教師信息輸入輸出。#include<iostream.h>#include<string.h>classCPerson {public: voidSetData(char*name，char*id，boolisman=1) {intn=strlen(name); strncpy(pName，name，n)； pName[n]='\0'; n=strlen(id); strncpy(pID，id，n); pID[n]='\0'; bMan=isman; } voidOutput() { cout<<"姓名："<<pName<<endl; cout<<"編號(hào)："<<pID<<endl; char*str=bMan?"男":"女"; cout<<"性別："<<str<<endl; }private: charpName[20]; charpID[20]; boolbMan; };classCStudent：publicCPerson {public: voidInputScore(doublescore1，doublescore2，doublescore3) { dbScore[0]=score1; dbScore[1]=score2; dbScore[2]=score3; } voidPrint() { Output(); for(inti=0；i<3；i++) cout<<"成績(jī)"<<i+1<<"："<<dbScore[i]<<endl; }private: doubledbScore[3]; };classCteacher：publicCPerson {public: voidInputage(doubleage) { tage=age; } voidPrint() { Output(); cout<<"教齡："<<tage<<endl; }private: doubletage; };voidmain() { CStudentstu; Cteachertea; stu.SetData("LiMing"，"21010211"); stu.InputScore(80，76，91); stu.Print(); tea.SetData("zhangli","001"); tea.Inputage(12); tea.Print();}二、第二類題目（20道，每題9分，請(qǐng)自行設(shè)計(jì)輸出格式）1．某商店經(jīng)銷一種貨品，貨品成箱購(gòu)進(jìn)，成箱賣出，購(gòu)進(jìn)和賣出時(shí)以重量為單位，各箱重量不同樣，因而，商店需要記下當(dāng)前庫(kù)存貨品總量，規(guī)定把商店貨品購(gòu)進(jìn)和賣出狀況模仿出來(lái)。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classGoods{public:Goods(intw){weight=w；totalWeight+=w；}; ~Goods(){totalWeight-=weight；}； intWeight(){returnweight；};staticintTotalWeight(){returntotalWeight；}; private：intweight; staticinttotalWeight; };intGoods:：totalWeight=0; main(){intw;cin>>w；Goods*g1=newGoods(w); cin>>w；Goods*g2=newGoods(w);cout<<Goods::TotalWeight()<<endl; deleteg2; cout<<Goods::TotalWeight()<<endl;}2．設(shè)計(jì)一種Time類，涉及三個(gè)私有數(shù)據(jù)成員：hour,minute,sec，用構(gòu)造函數(shù)初始化,內(nèi)設(shè)公用函數(shù)display(Date&d),設(shè)計(jì)一種Date類，涉及三個(gè)私有數(shù)據(jù)成員：month,day,year，也用構(gòu)適函數(shù)初始化；分別定義兩個(gè)帶參數(shù)對(duì)象t1(12,30,55),d1(3,25,)，通過(guò)友員成員函數(shù)應(yīng)用，輸出d1和t1值。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classDate;classTime{public:Time(int,int,int);voiddisplay(constDate&);private:inthour;intminute;intsec;};Time::Time(inth,intm,ints){hour=h;minute=m;sec=s;}classDate{public:Date(int,int,int);friendvoidTime::display(constDate&);private:intmonth;intday;intyear;};Date::Date(intm,intd,inty){month=m;day=d;year=y;}voidTime::display(constDate&da){cout<<da.month<<"/"<<da.day<<"/"<<da.year<<endl;cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;}intmain(){Timet1(12,30,55);Dated1(3,25,);t1.display(d1);return0;}3.設(shè)計(jì)一種Time類，涉及三個(gè)私有數(shù)據(jù)成員：hour,minute,sec，用構(gòu)造函數(shù)初始化，,設(shè)計(jì)一種Date類，涉及三個(gè)私有數(shù)據(jù)成員：month,day,year，也用構(gòu)適函數(shù)初始化；設(shè)計(jì)一種普通函數(shù)display(…),將display分別設(shè)立為T

ime類和Date類友元函數(shù)，在主函數(shù)中分別定義兩個(gè)帶參數(shù)對(duì)象t1(12,30,55),d1(3,25,)，調(diào)用desplay,輸出年、月、日和時(shí)、分、秒。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classDate;classTime{public:Time(int,int,int);friendvoiddisplay(constDate&,constTime&);private:inthour;intminute;intsec;};Time::Time(inth,intm,ints){hour=h;minute=m;sec=s;}classDate{public:Date(int,int,int);friendvoiddisplay(constDate&,constTime&);private:intmonth;intday;intyear;};Date::Date(intm,intd,inty){month=m;day=d;year=y;}voiddisplay(constDate&d,constTime&t){cout<<d.month<<"/"<<d.day<<"/"<<d.year<<endl;cout<<t.hour<<":"<<t.minute<<":"<<t.sec<<endl;}intmain(){Timet1(10,30,55);Dated1(3,25,);display(d1,t1);return0;}4．可以定義點(diǎn)類（Point），再定義一種類（Distance）描述兩點(diǎn)之間距離，其數(shù)據(jù)成員為兩個(gè)點(diǎn)類對(duì)象，兩點(diǎn)之間距離計(jì)算可設(shè)計(jì)由構(gòu)造函數(shù)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。#include<iostream>#include<math.h>usingnamespacestd;classPoint{public:Point(doublexi，doubleyi){X=xi；Y=yi；} doubleGetX(){returnX；}doubleGetY(){returnY；}private：doubleX，Y;};classDistance{public: Distance(Pointp,Pointq); doubleGetdist(){returndist;}private: Pointa,b; doubledist;};Distance::Distance(Pointq1,Pointq2):a(q1),b(q2){doubledx=double(a.GetX()-b.GetX());doubledy=double(a.GetY()-b.GetY());dist=sqrt(dx*dx+dy*dy);}intmain(){Pointp1(3.0，5.0)，p2(4.0，6.0);Distancedis(p1,p2);cout<<"Thisdistanceis："<<dis.Getdist()<<endl;return0;}5．定義點(diǎn)類（Point），再定義一種函數(shù)（Distance）描述兩點(diǎn)之間距離，其數(shù)據(jù)成員為兩個(gè)點(diǎn)類對(duì)象，將兩點(diǎn)之間距離函數(shù)聲明為Point類友元函數(shù)。#include<iostream>#include<math.h>usingnamespacestd;classPoint{public:Point(doublexi，doubleyi){X=xi；Y=yi；} doubleGetX(){returnX；}doubleGetY(){returnY；}frienddoubleDistance(Point&a，Point&b); private：doubleX，Y;};doubleDistance(Point&a，Point&b){doubledx=a.X-b.X; doubledy=a.Y-b.Y;returnsqrt(dx*dx+dy*dy);}intmain(){Pointp1(3.0，5.0)，p2(4.0，6.0);doubled=Distance(p1，p2);cout<<"Thisdistanceis"<<d<<endl;return0;}6．實(shí)現(xiàn)重載函數(shù)Double(x)，返回值為輸人參數(shù)兩倍；參數(shù)分別為整型、浮點(diǎn)型、雙精度型，返回值類型與參數(shù)同樣。（用類模板實(shí)現(xiàn)）#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;template<classnumtype>classDouble{public: Double(numtypea) {x=a;} numtypebei() {return2*x;} private: numtypex;};intmain(){Double<int>dou1(3);cout<<dou1.bei()<<endl;Double<float>dou2(12.36);cout<<dou2.bei()<<endl;Double<double>dou3(25.33333);cout<<dou3.bei()<<endl;return0;}7．有一種Time類，包括數(shù)據(jù)成員minute（分）和sec（秒），模仿秒表，每次走一秒，滿60秒進(jìn)一分鐘，此時(shí)秒又從0開(kāi)始算。規(guī)定輸出分和秒值。初值自擬。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classTime{public:Time(){minute=0;sec=0;}Time(intm,ints):minute(m),sec(s){}Timeoperator++();voiddisplay(){cout<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;}private:intminute;intsec;};TimeTime::operator++(){if(++sec>=60){sec-=60;++minute;}return*this;}intmain(){Timetime1(34,0);for(inti=0;i<61;i++) {++time1;time1.display();}return0;}8．聲明一種教師（Teacher）類和一種學(xué)生（Student）類，用多重繼承方式聲明一種研究生（Graduate）派生類。教師類中涉及數(shù)據(jù)成員name（姓名），age（年齡），title（職稱）。學(xué)生類中涉及數(shù)據(jù)成員name（姓名），age（年齡），score（成績(jī)）。在定義派生類對(duì)象時(shí)給出初始化數(shù)據(jù)（自已定），然后輸出這些數(shù)據(jù)。初值自擬。#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classTeacher{public：Teacher(stringnam,inta,stringt){name=nam;age=a;title=t;}voiddisplay(){cout<<"name:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"age"<<age<<endl;cout<<"title:"<<title<<endl;}protected：stringname;intage;stringtitle；};classStudent{public:Student(stringnam,chars,floatsco){name1=nam;sex=s;score=sco;}voiddisplay1(){cout<<"name:"<<name1<<endl;cout<<"sex:"<<sex<<endl;cout<<"score:"<<score<<endl;}protected：stringname1;charsex;floatscore；};classGraduate:publicTeacher,publicStudent{public:Graduate(stringnam,inta,chars,stringt,floatsco,floatw):Teacher(nam,a,t),Student(nam,s,sco),wage(w){}voidshow(){cout<<"name:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"age:"<<age<<endl;cout<<"sex:"<<sex<<endl;cout<<"score:"<<score<<endl;cout<<"title:"<<title<<endl;cout<<"wages:"<<wage<<endl;}private:floatwage；};intmain(){Graduategrad1("Wang-li",24,'f',"assistant",89.5,1234.5);grad1.show();return0;}9．在上題基本上，在Teacher類和Student類之上增長(zhǎng)一種共同基類Person，如下圖所示。作為人員某些基本數(shù)據(jù)都放在Person中，在Teacher類和Student類中再增長(zhǎng)某些必要數(shù)據(jù)（Student類中增長(zhǎng)score,Teacher類中增長(zhǎng)職稱title,Graduate類中增長(zhǎng)工資wages）。初值自擬。PersonPersonStudentStudentTeacherTeacherGraduateGraduate#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classPerson{public:Person(char*nam,chars,inta){strcpy(name,nam);sex=s;age=a;}protected：charname[20];charsex;intage;};classTeacher:virtualpublicPerson{public：Teacher(char*nam,chars,inta,char*t):Person(nam,s,a){strcpy(title,t)；}protected：chartitle[10]；};classStudent:virtualpublicPerson{public:Student(char*nam,chars,inta,floatsco)：Person(nam,s,a),score(sco){}protected：floatscore；};classGraduate:publicTeacher,publicStudent{public:Graduate(char*nam,chars,inta,char*t,floatsco,floatw)：Person(nam,s,a),Teacher(nam,s,a,t),Student(nam,s,a,sco),wage(w){}voidshow(){cout<<"name:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"age:"<<age<<endl;cout<<"sex:"<<sex<<endl;cout<<"score:"<<score<<endl;cout<<"title:"<<title<<endl;cout<<"wages:"<<wage<<endl;}private:floatwage；};intmain(){Graduategrad1("Wang-li",'f',24,"assistant",89.5,1234.5);grad1.show();return0;}寫(xiě)一種程序，定義抽象類型Shape，由她派生三個(gè)類：Circle（圓形），Rectangle（矩形），Trapezoid（梯形），用一種函數(shù)printArea分別輸出三者面積，3個(gè)圖形數(shù)據(jù)在定義對(duì)象是給定。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classShape{public:virtualdoublearea()const=0；//純虛函數(shù)};classCircle:publicShape{public:Circle(doubler):radius(r){}virtualdoublearea()const{return3.14159*radius*radius;}；protected:doubleradius；};classRectangle:publicShape{public:Rectangle(doublew,doubleh):width(w),height(h){}virtualdoublearea()const{returnwidth*height;}protected:doublewidth,height；};classTrapezoid:publicShape{public:Trapezoid(doublew,doubleh,doublelen):width(w),height(h),length(len){}virtualdoublearea()const{return0.5*height*(width+length);}protected:doublewidth,height,length；};voidprintArea(constShape&s){cout<<s.area()<<endl;}intmain(){Circlecircle(12.6)；cout<<"areaofcircle="；printArea(circle)；Rectanglerectangle(4.5,8.4)；cout<<"areaofrectangle="；printArea(rectangle)；Trapezoidtrapezoid(4.5,8.4,8.0)；cout<<"areaoftrapezoid=";printArea(trapezoid)；return0;}聲明一種Shape抽象類，在此基本上派生出Rectangle和Circle類，兩者均有GetArea()函數(shù)計(jì)算對(duì)象面積，GetPerim()函數(shù)計(jì)算對(duì)象周長(zhǎng)。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classShape{public:Shape(){}~Shape(){}virtualfloatGetPerim()=0;virtualfloatGetArea()=0;};classRectangle:publicShape{public:Rectangle(floati,floatj):L(i),W(j){}~Rectangle(){}floatGetPerim(){return2*(L+W);}floatGetArea(){returnL*W;}private:floatL,W;};classCircle:publicShape{pub