2023北京延慶高三一模英語（教師版）

2023北京延慶高三一模英語2023.03考生須知1．考生要認(rèn)真填寫個人信息。2．本試卷共11頁，三大部分(共100分)，考試時間90分鐘。3．試題所有答案必須填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。選擇題必須用2B鉛筆作答;非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆作答。4．考試結(jié)束后，考生應(yīng)將答題卡按要求放在桌面上，待監(jiān)考員收回。第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題：每小題1.5分，共15分)Miloisarescuedogadoptedby20-year-oldMakaylaSwift.OnemorninginNovember2021,SwiftopenedherfrontdoorinSilverSpring,Maryland,andMilo____1____running.Milorantothehouseacrossthestreet.Heseemedunsatisfiedwiththishouse,soherantotheonenextdoor,Swiftonhis____2____.Milostartedscratchingonthefrontdoor.Swiftwas____3____,becausenoteveryonewantsastrangedogontheirproperty.Butasshetriedto____4____Miloaway,shecouldhearasoundcomingthroughanopenupstairswindow.Itwasavoiceyelling“Help!”Hoursearlier,around4a.m.,SherryStarr,85,hadrisenfromherbed.Allofasudden,standingtherebetweenthetoiletandthetub,sheslippedandfellheavilyonthefloor.Shewas____5____betweenthetoiletandthetubandcouldnotmoveatall.Starrwas____6____andthoughtshewasjustgoingtodiethere.Forthenextfewhours,Starrpracticedyelling:“Help!Help!Hellllp!”Hervoicewasvery____7____thatnoonecouldhear.Luckily,Milo____8____heardStarrthemomentSwiftopenedherownfrontdoor.Swiftcalledtheemergencynumber911.Whentheambulanceworkersarrived,theythoughtthey’dhavetoremovethetoiletto____9____Starr,butinstead,theygaveonelastpullandoutshepopped.Thoughshewasblackandblueallover,Starr_____10_____atriptothehospital.Swifthasknownherownshareofdistress.Twoyearsago,hermotherdied.ShesaysthatMilohashelpedherwithhergrief.“Thatdogisablessing,”shesays.1.A.moveddown B.tookoff C.reachedout D.pulledup2.A.tail B.head C.body D.feet3.A.disappointed B.confused C.embarrassed D.astonished4.A.give B.sweep C.knock D.drag5.A.sunk B.stuck C.lifted D.settled6.A.surprised B.bored C.puzzled D.scared7.A.weak B.sharp C.rough D.loud8.A.apparently B.hardly C.slightly D.temporarily9.A.trap B.drop C.free D.lay10.A.avoided B.failed C.declined D.continued第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Idecidedtovolunteerforthisyear’shalf-marathonafterthechairmanoftheorganizingcommittee____11____(visit)myschool.Forthepreviousweeks,Ihadbeentrainedon____12____tobeavolunteerforit.Theexcitingracebegan,CathyandIwaitedpatientlyuntilwordspreadthatthefirstrunnerswouldbearrivingsoon,we____13____(quick)pouredwaterintothecupsforthem.Afterthelastrunnerpassed,CathyandIstartedclearingup.Tiredandwetwithsweat,wefeltgood.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Accordingtosomefoodexperts,itishardesttogiveupthefoodyougrowupwith.Ofcourse,eachperson’scomfortfoodlargelydependsontheplace____14____theycome—foraChineseitmightbeaplateofdumplingswithasaucerofvinegar,andforanativeoftheUKitmightbetheclassicfishandchips,____15____(serve)hot,saltyandsour.Onemouthfulofcomfortfoodtakesusbacktoourculturalroots,____16____(give)usthe“tasteofhome”andrelievingfeelingsofhomesickness.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Duringtheopeningceremonyofthe2022FIFAWorldCup,therewasasurprise____17____(appear)byHollywoodactorMorganFreeman.TheAmericansuperstar____18____(spot)withayoungphysically-challengedQatariboy,AlMuftah.TheboywasbornwitharareconditionknownasCRS.It____19____(impact)thenormalformationofthelowerhalfofthebody.Butthedeterminedyoungmanrefusedtolethisconditionpreventhisthirst____20____lifeanddecidedtotakeonarangeofsports—tacklingeverythingfromrockclimbing,football,icehockeytoswimming.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。AGREATBOOKSTOTEACHCHILDRENABOUTCLIMATECHANGEHereisashortenedlistofbookssponsoredbythemagazinesTIMEandTIMEforKidsthataresuitableforprimaryschoolers.Tomakethelist,weconsideredhowage-appropriatethematerialwas,andwhetherthetoneandstorylineleftthereaderfeelingengagedandempoweredratherthananxiousorconfused.Expertsrecommendtheyoungestkidstoreadbooksthatexplorethebeautyandfragility(脆弱)ofnature.Whendevelopinganappreciationfortheworldaroundthem,theycanswitchtobooksthatshowthecauseandeffectofhowhumanstreatourplanet,andwhyit’simportanttorespecttheenvironment.Forolderprimaryschoolkids,picturebookscanillustratehowouruseoffossil(化石)fuelscontributestoglobalwarming.Mostofthebooksonthelistalsoofferlessonsabouthowchildren,families,schools,andcommunitiescanmakeadifference.THANKYOU,EARTH:ALOVELETTERTOOURPLANETByAprilPulleySayreThisphotographybookshowstousplants,animalsandlandscapesinvividcolorsanddescriptions.Fromup-closeimagesofinsectstopicturesofmountainranges,thepagesintroducechildrentotheplanets’diversityinasimplebuteffectiveway.THELORAXByDr.SeussThankstoitsrhyme,andwhimsicalillustration,thisclassictaleissuitableforyoungchildrenwhocangraspthescarcityofnaturalresources,andalsoolderkidswhocanseeadangerinvaluingprofitsoverlong-termenvironmentalharm.WEAREWATERPROTECTORSByCaroleLindstromAtributetonativetribesthatareprotectingtheplanet,thisbookvividlyshowstheharmsofoilpipelines.Kidswillseethevalueofcommunityaction,whileadultswillrecognizethestoryofthenativetribesStandingRockSioux’sfightagainsttheDakotaAccessPipeline.POLARBEAR,WHYISYOURWORLDMELTING?ByRobertE.WellsThisbookintroducesthegreenhouseeffectwithillustrationsshowinghowsunlightgetstrapped.Itthenexplainsfossil-fuelenergy,andourrelianceonitforelectricityandtransportation.Thepagesarefullofscience.21.Tomakethebooklistforkids,whatshouldbeconsideredfirst?A.Confusingstoryline. B.Thetoneofanxiety.C.Thebookssponsorship. D.Age-appropriatecontent.22.Whatcankidslearnfromthebook“WEAREWATERPROTECTORS”?A.Theycanseethevalueofcommunityaction.B.Theycanknowhowtoprotectthenativetribes.C.Theycanrecognizethestoryofthenativetribes.D.Theycanunderstandtheimportanceofoilpipelines.23.Whichbookexplainshowthegreenhouseeffectcomeintoexistence?A.THELORAXB.WEAREWATERPROTECTORSC.POLARBEAR,WHYISYOURWORLDMELTING?D.THANKYOU,EARTH:ALOVELETTERTOOURPLANETBItwasthedayofthebigcross-countryrun.Studentsfromsevendifferentelementaryschoolsinandaroundthesmalltownof100-MileHouse,BritishColumbia,werewarmingupandwalkingtheroutethroughthickevergreenforest.IlookedaroundandfinallysawDavidstandingbyhimselfofftothesidebyafence.Hewassmallfortenyearsold,withmessyredhair.Buthisusualbigtoothygrinwasabsenttoday.Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasn’twiththeotherchildren.Theonlyresponsehegavemewashehaddecidednottorun.Whatwaswrong?Hehadworkedsohardforthisevent!David’scerebralpalsy(腦癱)preventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren,butatschoolhispeersthoughtofhimasaregularkid.Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing.Itjusttookhimlonger.Hehadstubbornlyrunatotaloftwentythreekilometresinpracticerunstoprepareforthatday’stwo-and-a-half-kilometrerun,andhehadaskedmetocomeandwatch.Wesatdowntogetheronsomesteps,butDavidwouldn’tlookatme.Iquietlysaid,“David,ifyoudon’twanttoruntoday,nooneisgoingtomakeyou.Butifyou’renotrunningbecauseyou’reafraidsomeoneisgoingtolaugh,that’snotagoodenoughreason.Therewillalwaysbesomeonewhowilllaughandsaymeanthings.Areyougoingtoletthemgetinyourway?Ifyoureallywanttorun,David,thenyourun!”IheldmybreathasDavidtookthisin.Thenhelookedatthefieldandsaid,“I’mgonnarun.”Thestarter’sgunsounded.Buthehadonlygoneafewmetresbeforehetrippedandfellflatontheground.Myheartsank.AsIstartedtoshoutencouragement,Davidpickedhimselfupandstartedagain.Alltheotherrunnershaddisappearedoverthehill.Butitdidn’tmatter.Hehadworkedforit,andhewouldn’tgiveup!Iwaitedanxiouslybythefinishlineasthemostrunnerscompletedandanotherracehadbegun.StillnoDavid!Istartedtofeelsick.HadIdonethewrongthing?Couldhehavebecomelost?Finally,asmallfigureemergedfromtheforest.Davidraisedhisarmsintriumphashecrossedthefinishlinetowildcheersandapplause.Hecaughtmyeye,flashedmeatoothygrinandsaid,“Thatwaseasy!”24.WhatmadeDavidunabletorunlikeotherchildren?A.Hismentalproblem.B.Hisphysicalcondition.C.Hislaziness.D.Hishesitation.25.Daviddecidedtorunbecause________.A.hewasencouragedto B.hewantedtobethefirstC.hewaslaughedintodoingit D.heknewitwasashorterdistance26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDavid?A.Braveandtalkative. B.Out-goingandkind-hearted.C.Livelyandhard-working. D.Optimisticandstrong-willed.27.Byusingthephrase“atoothygrin”inthelastsentence,thewriterintendstotellusaboutDavid’s________.A.competenceinfinishingarun B.positiveattitudetowardslifeC.abilitytowincheersandapplause D.effortstocatchothers’attentionCMakinguseofthewind,thewateror,formorethanhalfofallplantspecies,animals,plantsdisperse(散播)seedsfarandwide.Frugivores—animalssuchasgibbonsthatfeedonthefleshyfruitsofplants—eatandthenexcrete(排泄)seedsawayfromtheoriginaltree.TheAfricansavannaelephantcancarryseedsuptoarecord-breakingdistanceof65kilometres.Thisabilitytoshiftgeographicalrangeswillbecrucialtoplantswhenitcomestosurvivingclimatechange.However,justlikeallgibbonspecies,theAfricansavannaelephantisendangered,itspopulationdownby60percentoverthepast50years.ResearchersinDenmarkandtheUSAhavepublishedanewstudyintohowthelossofseed-dispersinganimalscouldaffecttheresilience(恢復(fù)力)offorestsandothernaturalecosystems.Accordingtotheirresearch,thislosshasalreadyreducedtheabilityofplantstomoveinpacewithclimatechangeby60percent,andinsomeareasbyasmuchas95percent.EvanFricke,leadauthorofthestudy,explainsthatinordertoreachtheseresults,theypulledtogetherexistingdatafromallpreviousstudiesandusedmachinelearningtodevelopmodelsthatcouldestimatetheseeddispersalpotentialofanyanimal,evenonesthatarenowextinct.Theresearchersfoundthat,historically,thedeclineofseed-dispersinganimalshashadthegreatestinfluenceonplantsacrossthetemperate(溫帶的)regionsofNorthandSouthAmerica,EuropeandsouthernAustralia.“Ourtemperateecosystemshavelostalotofthenaturalseed-dispersalfunctionthattheywouldhavehad.”explainsFricke,referringtolargemammalsthatwereoncewidespreadintheseregions.Nevertheless,thepoorconservationstatusofmanyseed-dispersingtropicalanimalsputsplantsinregionssuchasSoutheastAsiaandMadagascarmostatrisktoday.Withoutthepreservationofsuchanimals,globalseeddispersalcoulddeclinebyafurther15percent.“Thedirectimplicationofthisdeclineisthatmanyplantspecieswillbeunabletokeeppacewithachangingclimate,”saysFricke.“Thatmeansthepotentiallossnotonlyofplantbiodiversitybutoftheecosystemfunctionsthatthoseplantsprovide.”Aswildlifeislost,plantscannolongeradaptandsurviveandforestsbecomelesssustainable,whichreducestheamountofcarbontheycanstore.Theyalsolosetheirabilitytosupportwildlife.Wholeecosystemsaredisrupted.Theconclusion,Frickesays,isclear:wemustconservecurrentlyendangeredspeciesandrestorethepopulationsofimportantseeddispersers.“Independentofclimatechange,rewildinghasthepotentialtobenefitourecosystems,butinachangingclimate,ithastheaddedbenefitofincreasingtheclimateresilienceofthoseecosystems,”hesays.28.TheauthormentionstheAfricansavannaelephantinParagraph1isto________.A.highlighttheproblem B.predicttheendingC.expressanopinion D.provideasolution29.WhatdoesFrickeconcludefromthestudy?A.plantsdisperseseedsbywayofanimalsexcretingthem.B.rewildingcanpromotetheclimateresilienceofourecosystems.C.seed-dispersinganimalscouldhardlyaffectthenaturalecosystems.D.thelossofseed-dispersinganimalshaslittleinfluenceontemperateregions.30.Whichwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheResilienceofEcosystemsB.TheConservationofSeed-dispersingAnimalsC.AnimalsThatSpreadSeedsAreEssential—AndUnderThreatD.AnimalsThatSpreadSeedsAreEndangered—AndWellProtectedDWe’veheardforyearsthatbreakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheday.But,itactuallymightbeevenmoreimportantthanpreviouslythought,accordingtoastudypublishedintheJournaloftheAcademyofNutritionandDietetics,whichexaminedtheeffectsofskippingmealsandmealfrequencyasrelatedtomortality(死亡率)andhearthealth.Thestudy,whichwaspublishedinAugustoflastyear,soughttofindoutifeatingbehaviorslikemealfrequency,mealskipping,andtimebetweenmealswereassociatedwithall-causeandcardiovasculardisease(CVD)mortality.Thestudyconsistedof24,011adults40yearsorolderwhoparticipatedfrom1999to2014.Researcherslookedatvariouseatingbehaviorsofparticipantswhoself-reportedtheireatinghabitsevery24hours.CausesofdeathweretrackedviadeathrecordsthroughDecember31,2015.Afterexaminingparticipantsthroughouttheyears,researchersfoundthatcertaineatingbehaviorswereinfactlinkedtohigherratesofprematuredeath.Eatingonlyonemealperdaywasassociatedwithanincreasedriskofall-causeandCVDmortalitywhileskippingbreakfastwaslinkedtoanincreasedriskofCVDmortality,andskippinglunchordinnerwaslinkedtoanincreasedriskofall-causemortality.Lastly,thestudyfoundthathavingmealstoocloselytogether(lessthanfourandhalfhoursapart)wasalsolinkedtoall-causeprematuredeath.So,whatdoesthismeanfortheaverageperson?“Attheendofthedaywhatmattersisthatanindividualcanmeettheirnutritionalneedsforoptimal(最佳)health,”explainsKeriGans,authorofTheSmallChangeDiet,“andbreakfasttypicallyisagoodvehiclefornutrientsassociatedwithadecreaseincardiovascularrisk,suchasfiberandvitamins”.“Ifbyeliminatingmealstheyaremissingoutonimportantnutrientstheirbodyneeds,thenlongtermthatcanbeharmfultotheirhealth,”leadstoa“higherriskforcertaincancersandheartdisease,”shesays.Whilethisstudywaslargeandcomprehensiveinmanyways,therearealsomanylimitations.Itwasmostlybasedona24-hour,self-reporteddietaryrecall,“whichmaynotalwaysbethebestmethodfordietaryassessment,”explainsGans.“Theparticipantsmaynotaccuratelyrecallwhattheyateorhonestlyreportitleadingtothepotentialofmisinformation.”Researchersnotedthatitwasimpossibletoconsidertheroleofsleepintherelationshipbetweenfoodandmortality,aswellasahostofotherunmeasuredfactors.Thebottomlineisthatwhilethesefindingsabouttherelationshipsbetweenmealskippingandmortalityareimportant,therearealotmorefactorsthatgointoprematuredeath.31.WhataremainlydiscussedinParagraphs3and4?A.Researchprocessandfindings B.ThecauseandfindingsC.Researchsubjectsandpurpose D.Thetopicandsignificance32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminating”inParagraph5mostprobablymean?A.Reducing. B.Overeating. C.Skipping. D.Consuming.33.Whatcanweinferfromthestudy?A.Itslimitationsarefullytakenintoaccountinthestudy.B.Consumingadequatenutrientsisthekeytomaintainoverallhealth.C.Theriskofall-causeprematuredeathisunrelatedtoskippingdinner.D.Researcherslearnedabouteatingbehaviorsbyobservingtheparticipants.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsskippingbreakfast?A.Favorable. B.Unconcerned. C.Skeptical. D.Disapproving.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)WhyBoundariesatWorkAreEssentialWhatisaboundary,youask?Aboundaryisalimitdefiningyouinrelationtosomeoneorsomething.____35____Ifyouhaveinformedsomeonethatthisisyourofficespace,yourdesk,oryourchair,youhaveattemptedtosetphysicalboundaries.Lettingco-workersknowyouarenotcomfortableshakingtheirhandsorhuggingthemataholidayparty,especiallywithCovidatthistime,isanotherexampleofsettingaphysicalboundary.Itisofteneasiertounderstandaphysicalboundary.Emotionalormentalboundariesmaybesubtler(更微妙的).____36____Emotionalboundariesarerelatedtoourfeelingsandhowsomethingorsomeone’sbehavioraffectsus.Forexample,ifabosstreatsyoudisrespectfullybyyellingatyouoracolleaguefrequentlyinterruptsyouinmeetings,youarelikelytofeelhurt,embarrassed,andperhapsangry.Understandably,byhavingacourageousconversationwithbothyourbossandco-workerabouttheirbehavior,theimpactithasonyou,andyourexpectationsregardingfuturebehavior,youaresettinghealthyemotionalboundariesforyourselfatwork.Sometimeswesetaboundarythatisacombinationofbothaphysicalandemotionalone.____37____Oneexampleofthisisbeingrepeatedlyaskedtoworklateduringtheweek/weekendsorwhileonvacation.AnotherexampleisbeingrequiredtoseetoomanyclientsorpatientstothepointwefeeltiredattheendofthedayandexhaustedbyFriday.Often,theaboveworkplacedemandsleadtoincreasedstressandahighpotentialforburnout(倦怠)overtime.Mentalboundariesarerelatedtoourbeliefs,values,culturalnorms,ethics(道德),andstandards.Forexample,youvalueaworkplaceculturethattreatsemployeesandclientswithrespectanddignityandactsethically.Aftersixmonths,yourealizethatcompanyleadersarerepeatedlybehavinginwaysnotconsistentwiththis.____38____Overtime,thismayleadtosignificantstressandphysicalsymptomswithin.____39____Boundariesservemanyfunctions.Theyhelpprotectus,clarifyourresponsibility,preserveourphysicalandemotionalenergy,andliveourvaluesandstandards.Learningtheskillofboundarysettinghelpsempowerustoprioritizeourvaluesandwell-beingandbettermanageourstress.Identifying,setting,andmaintainingboundariesareskills—valuableskillsthat,unfortunately,weareoftennottaughtinschoolortheworkplace.A.Whyareboundariesimportant?B.However,theyareequally,ifnotmore,important.C.Therefore,weneedtotellthedifferencebetweenthem.D.Settingaboundaryintheaboveexamplemaybequitehelpful.E.Boundariescanbephysical,mental,emotional,tangible,orintangible.F.Yourvaluesandethicalstandardsdon’tmatchwithyourcompany’s,whichlikelywillleadtointernalconflict.G.Suchboundariesofteninvolvebeingaskedtodomorethanwefeelcapableofforanextendedperiodoftime.第三部分：書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)Intoday’smodernera,technologyisexpandingrapidlyanditisbeingusedbymankindfortheirbenefit.Themajorbenefitthatdevelopingtechnologyhasprovidedisallowingindividualstoworkfromhome.Organizationscansaveahugeamountofcapitalbymakingemployeesworkfromhome.Moreover,thisreducesotherexpensesassociatedwiththeworkspaceandaccommodatesanincreasednumberofemployeesatthesametime.Asstatedabove,employershavethebenefitsofreducingtheexpensesassociatedwiththeworkplace,borrowinglandfortheworkplace.Since,nowadays,expensesofbuildingsandowninglandsareveryhigh,thiscouldsavetheorganizationsalargesumofmoney.Toquoteanexample,Indiaobservesanextremelylowrateinthecompaniesthatusedtoprovideremoteworkpriortothepandemichittingtheglobalnations.Postthepandemic,severalcompaniesunderstoodtheimportanceofworkingfromhomeandtheassociatedbenefitsofworkingremotely.Thus,mostoforganizationshavestartedpromotingremoteworkduetowhichtheyhavesavedahugeamountofmoneyandincreasedtheirturnoverandproductivityapproaches.Thesecondmajorbenefitassociatedwithremoteworkisthelackofthenecessitytotravel,whichreducesthechancesofbeingstuckintraffic.Thishasincreasedproductivityandefficiencyatworkandsavedapotentialamountoftimeforthemthattheycouldinvestinotherproductiveactivities.Tosummarize,itcannotbedeniedthatdevelopingtechnologieshaveanumberofbenefitstosocietyasithasallowedindividualstomanagetheirtimeeffectively.Moreover,italsohelpswithsociallifebalance.40.Accordingtothispassage,whatmakesindividualsabletoworkfromhome?41.Inthesentence“…thiscouldsavetheorganizationsalargesumofmoney”inparagraph2,whatdoes“this”mean?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Workingfromhomecandomanybenefits,becauseitreducesemployers’capitalaswellasindividuals’workingtime.43.Whatdoyouthinkaredisadvantagesofworkingfromhome?(Inabout40words)第二節(jié)(20分)44.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三(1)班學(xué)生李華。你的外國筆友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他對中國十二生肖感興趣。請你給他回一封郵件介紹你的生肖，內(nèi)容包括：1.簡介中國的十二生肖；2.你的生肖和生肖對你的影響。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。提示詞語：十二生肖thetwelveanimalsignsDearJim,Yours,LiHua

參考答案第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題：每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.D5.B6.D7.A8.A9.C10.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一只救援犬聽到對面鄰居微弱的呼救聲，從而使摔倒在廁所里的85歲鄰居得救的故事?！?題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：2021年11月的一個早上，斯威夫特打開了她在馬里蘭州銀泉的前門，米洛開始跑起來。A.moveddown后退；B.tookoff匆忙離去；C.reachedout伸出；D.pulledup拉起。根據(jù)下文“Milorantothehouseacrossthestreet.Heseemedunsatisfiedwiththishouse,soherantotheonenextdoor”可知，小狗米洛開始跑起來。故選B?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他似乎對這所房子不滿意，所以他跑到隔壁的房子，斯威夫特緊跟其后。A.tail尾巴；B.head頭；C.body身體；D.feet腳。根據(jù)下文“Butasshetriedto____4____Miloaway,shecouldhearasoundcomingthroughanopenupstairswindow.”可知，主人斯威夫特緊緊跟著自己的小狗。固定搭配onone’stail“緊緊跟隨某人”。故選A?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：斯威夫特很尷尬，因為不是每個人都想讓一只陌生的狗出現(xiàn)在他們的房子里。A.disappointed失望的；B.confused困惑的；C.embarrassed尷尬的；D.astonished驚訝的。根據(jù)下文“becausenoteveryonewantsastrangedogontheirproperty.”及常識可知，斯威夫特感到很尷尬。故選C。【4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是當(dāng)她試圖把米洛拖走的時候，她聽到樓上一扇敞開的窗戶里傳來了聲音。A.give給；B.sweep掃；C.knock敲；D.drag拖。根據(jù)上文“Swiftwas____3____,becausenoteveryonewantsastrangedogontheirproperty.”可知，斯威夫特試圖把小狗拖走。故選D。【5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她被卡在馬桶和浴缸之間，根本動不了。A.sunk沉沒；B.stuck卡住；C.lifted舉起；D.settled定居。根據(jù)下文“couldnotmoveatall.”可知，這位老人被卡在馬桶和浴缸之間。故選B?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：斯塔爾很害怕，以為自己會死在那里。A.surprised驚訝的；B.bored無聊的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.scared害怕的。根據(jù)下文“thoughtshewasjustgoingtodiethere.”可知，這位老人很害怕。故選D?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的聲音很微弱，沒有人能聽到。A.weak虛弱的；B.sharp鋒利的；C.rough粗略的；D.loud大聲的。根據(jù)下文“thatnoonecouldhear.”可知，老人的聲音非常的虛弱。故選A?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，當(dāng)斯威夫特打開自己的前門時，米洛顯然聽到了斯塔爾的聲音。A.apparently顯然；B.hardly幾乎沒有；C.slightly輕微地；D.temporarily暫時。根據(jù)上文“Milostartedscratchingonthefrontdoor.”及下文“themomentSwiftopenedherownfrontdoor”可知，顯然小狗聽到了老人虛弱的呼救聲。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)救護車工作人員到達(dá)時，他們認(rèn)為他們必須拆除廁所來救斯塔爾，但相反，他們給了斯塔爾最后一拉，她就出來了。A.trap抓捕；B.drop下降；C.free使解脫出來；D.lay躺。根據(jù)上文“Shewas____5____betweenthetoiletandthetubandcouldnotmoveatall.”可知，此處指把老人從馬桶和浴缸之間解脫出來。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管她全身青一塊紫一塊，斯塔爾還是拒絕去醫(yī)院。A.avoided避免；B.failed失?。籆.declined拒絕；D.continued繼續(xù)。根據(jù)上文“Thoughshewasblackandblueallover”可知，雖然受傷了，但是老人拒絕去醫(yī)院。故選C。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】11.visited12.how13.quickly【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者參加今年的半程馬拉松比賽志愿者活動的過程?！?1題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：在組委會主席參觀我的學(xué)校后，我決定志愿參加今年的半程馬拉松比賽。句子陳述過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填visited?！?2題詳解】考查疑問詞。句意：在之前的幾周里，我一直在接受如何成為一名志愿者的培訓(xùn)。根據(jù)句意及所給句子可知，此處使用“疑問詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)，作on的賓語，表示“如何”，應(yīng)用how。故填how?！?3題詳解】考查副詞。句意：激動人心的比賽開始了，凱茜和我耐心地等待著，直到第一批選手即將到來的消息傳開，我們迅速地把水倒進(jìn)杯子里。此處修飾動詞poured，應(yīng)用副詞，作狀語。故填quickly。B【答案】14.where15.served16.giving【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。根據(jù)一些食品專家的說法，放棄伴隨你長大的食物是最難的。每個人的舒適食物在很大程度上取決于他們來的地方，一口安慰的食物帶我們回到我們的文化根源，給我們“家的味道”，緩解鄉(xiāng)愁?！?4題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：當(dāng)然，每個人的舒適食物在很大程度上取決于他們來的地方——對中國人來說，可能是一盤餃子和一碟醋，而對英國人來說，可能是經(jīng)典的炸魚薯條，熱熱的、咸咸的、酸酸的被端上來。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾theplace，從句中作地點狀語，用關(guān)系副詞where，故填where?！?5題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意同上。分析句子可知，serve用非謂語動詞形式作狀語，與邏輯主語theclassicfishandchips是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作狀語，故填served?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：一口安慰的食物帶我們回到我們的文化根源，給我們“家的味道”，緩解鄉(xiāng)愁。分析句子可知，give用非謂語動詞形式作狀語，與邏輯主語Onemouthfulofcomfortfood是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故填giving。C【答案】17.appearance18.wasspotted19.impacts20.for【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。講述了卡塔爾世界杯與超級巨星摩根弗里曼一起出現(xiàn)的卡塔爾男孩——身殘志堅的AlMuftah。【17題詳解】考查名詞。句意：在2022年卡塔爾世界杯的開幕式上，好萊塢演員摩根·弗里曼(MorganFreeman)驚奇現(xiàn)身。不定冠詞修飾單數(shù)名詞，故填appearance。【18題詳解】考查動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這位美國超級巨星和一位身體有缺陷的年輕卡塔爾男孩一起出現(xiàn)。分析句子可知，spot作謂語，與主語superstar是被動關(guān)系，且主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，講述過去發(fā)生的事情用一般過去時，故填wasspotted。【19題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：它影響下半身的正常形成。分析句子可知，impact作謂語，it指代上文提到的CRS，主語和謂語之間是主動關(guān)系，且主語是單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，講述事實用一般現(xiàn)在時，故填impacts?！?0題詳解】考查介詞。句意：但是，這位意志堅強的年輕人拒絕讓他的疾病阻止他對生活的熱愛，決定進(jìn)行一系列運動——從攀巖、足球、冰球到游泳，無所不包。thirstfor“渴望”是固定短語，故填for。第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)【答案】21.D22.A23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四本教孩子們氣候變化的好書?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Tomakethelist,weconsideredhowage-appropriatethematerialwas,andwhetherthetoneandstorylineleftthereaderfeelingengagedandempoweredratherthananxiousorconfused.(為了制作這個列表，我們考慮了材料是否適合年齡，以及語調(diào)和故事情節(jié)是否讓讀者感到投入和賦權(quán)，而不是焦慮或困惑)”可知，為兒童制定書單時，應(yīng)首先考慮適合兒童年齡的內(nèi)容。故選D?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WEAREWATERPROTECTORS部分中的“Kidswillseethevalueofcommunityaction,whileadultswillrecognizethestoryofthenativetribesStandingRockSioux’sfightagainsttheDakotaAccessPipeline.(孩子們將看到社區(qū)行動的價值，而成年人將認(rèn)識到當(dāng)?shù)夭柯銼tandingRockSioux對抗達(dá)科他管道的故事)”可知，孩子們能從《我們是水的保護者》這本書中學(xué)到社區(qū)行動的價值。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)POLARBEAR,WHYISYOURWORLDMELTING?部分中的“Thisbookintroducesthegreenhouseeffectwithillustrationsshowinghowsunlightgetstrapped.(這本書通過插圖介紹了溫室效應(yīng)，展示了陽光是如何被捕獲的)”可知，POLARBEAR,WHYISYOURWORLDMELTING?解釋了溫室效應(yīng)是如何產(chǎn)生的。故選C?！敬鸢浮?4.B25.A26.D27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是患有腦癱的David想要放棄越野跑比賽，但是通過作者的鼓勵，David還是堅持參加了比賽，在他沖線的時候，全部人都為他感到高興?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“David’scerebralpalsy(腦癱)preventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren,butatschoolhispeersthoughtofhimasaregularkid.”(大衛(wèi)的腦癱使他不能像其他孩子一樣走路或跑步，但在學(xué)校，他的同學(xué)們都認(rèn)為他是