浙江省寧波市寧波九校2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題（含答案解析）

絕密★考試結(jié)束前寧波市2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末九校聯(lián)考高一英語試題考生須知：1.本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘;2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫班級、姓名、考場號、座位號及準(zhǔn)考證號并填涂相應(yīng)數(shù)字;3.所有答案必須寫在答題卷上，寫在試卷上無效;4.考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題卷。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，請將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)：(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice. B.Athome. C.Atabakery.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:CanIhaveachocolatedoughnutwithsoymilk,please?M:I’msosorry,butweonlyhaveoatmilknow.W:OK.I’minarushtogotowork.M:Hereyougo.Enjoy.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhyisthewomanproudofTony?A.Hehaswonacompetition.B.Hehaspassedanexam.C.HehasbeenpraisedbyhisEnglishteacher.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Iamsoproudofyou,Tony.Youaremakinggoodprogress.Englishwasyourweakestsubject.Goodjob!M:Ha-ha,myEnglishteacherissurprisedtoo.Lookatthecup.Ican’twaittotellmydadthatI’mnumberone!3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Haveasleep. B.Drinkcoffee. C.Breathesomefreshair.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Ijustcan’tstayfocused.Ididn’tgetenoughsleeplastnight.Iwentoutsidetogetsomefreshair,butitdidn’thelp.M:Ithinkacupofcoffeewillrefreshyou.W:It’sthebestmethod.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredidthewomangetthenews?A.FromTV. B.FromtheInternet. C.Fromalocal.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Didyouhearaboutthevolcanoeruption?It’salloverthenews.W:Idon’twatchTV.ButIsawmanyrelevantpicturesandvideospostedonline.It’sfrighteningtothinkabouttheruinsandtheimpactonthepeoplelivingnearby.M:Ihopethelocalsstaysafeandthattherescueworkerscanmanagethesituationeffectively.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Haveanexamination. B.Haveanoperation. C.Takesomemedicine.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Sally,let’sgo.Appendicitisisnojoke.Youmighthavetohaveanoperation.W:Anoperation?Arethereanypillsthatcanhelp?M:I’mnotsure.Butatleastyoucouldgotothehospitaltohaveathoroughmedicalexamination.第二節(jié)：(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.WhatistherelationshipbetweenEricaandAllison?A.Oldclassmates. B.Relatives. C.Co-workers.7.WhatdidEricadolastFridaynight?A.Sheplayedbasketball. B.Shewentswimming. C.Shehadadrink.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Erica,whoisthatgirlyouwavedto?W:Oh,that’sAllison.Weusedtobeinthesameclassinhighschoolandbecameverycloseafterwejoinedtheswimmingclubatcollege,butwewentdifferentwaysaftergraduation.M:Sorrytohearthat.Whathappened?W:Nothingserious.Wegrewupinthesametown,andsheplannedtoreturnandtrainbasketballplayersthere.Ichosetostayinthecity.Shegotbackhererecently.M:Didyoucatchuponeachother’slifealready?W:Ohyes,wewenttothenearbybarlastFridaynight.I’veheardsomanystoriesaboutherandherrelatives.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthewomanplantodoontheweekend?A.Attendanexhibition. B.Drawapainting. C.Playcomputergames.9.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthelastexhibition?A.Sad. B.Content. C.Disappointed.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】M:Hey,haveyouseentheartexhibitionintown?W:No,whatkindofexhibitionisit?M:It’sapresentationoflocalartistsandtheirlatestworks.W:Thatsoundsinteresting!Whattypeofartisit?M:Contemporary.There’samixofpaintingsandsculptures.Iheardoneoftheartistswouldevencreateasculpturerightthere,infrontofvisitors.W:Areyouserious?Ican’twaittoseeit!Ilovecontemporaryart.I’lldefinitelycheckitoutthisweekend.M:Yeah,it’sgoingtobeafantasticexperience.Anditfeelsgreattosupportlocalartists.W:Yes.LasttimeIwenttoacomputergamesexhibition,buttobehonest,IwishIhadn’twastedmoneyontheticket.M:Oh,whatapity.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whathasthewomanpreparedforthewedding?A.Theclothes. B.Thedecorations. C.Thepresent.11.Whatisunusualaboutthewedding?A.Itwilllastfortwodays. B.Itwillhaveamusicshow. C.Itwillbeheldinabighotel.12.Whatdoesthemanworryabout?A.Thefood. B.Thesite. C.Theweather.【答案】10.A11.B12.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Grace.Haveyoustartedpreparingforourcousin’swedding?W:Yeah,Ijustfinishedgettingmydressandmyhusband’sformalsuitready.ButIhavenoideafortheweddinggift.Whataboutyou?M:Well,Iprefertogivecashasaweddinggift.Istillhavetobookahotel.I’mreallyexcitedaboutthewedding.It’sgoingtobeabigfamilygathering.W:Ofcourse!Andtheweddingplace,whichislocatedinthecitycenter,isjustspectacular.Ican’twaittoseeitdeckedoutwithflowersandballoons.M:Yeah,Iheardithasbeautifulgardensandtwobigballrooms.What’smore,wearenothavingabigformalmealatthewedding,butabuffet.W:Oh,Iknow.AndIheardthey’reevenbringinginalivebandplayingjazz.That’sspecial.It’sgoingtobearealparty.M:Great!Icrossmyfingers,hopingthesunisshiningandtheskyisblue.Itwillbeashameifitrainsthatday.W:Yeah.Buteitherway,it’sgoingtobeamemorabledayforeveryone.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whatdidthemandobeforehistrip?A.Helearnedtouseacompass.B.HesearchedtheInternetforinformation.CHespentsometimestudyinginsects.14.Whatshouldthemanpaymostattentiontowhentravelinginthedesert?A.Hightemperatures. B.Directions. C.Dangerousanimals.15.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hehasazoologistforcompany.B.HeleftAustraliawhenhewasyoung.C.Hecametoresearchpoisonoussnakes.16.Whoisprobablythewoman?A.Azoologist. B.Atourguide. C.Ashopassistant.【答案】13.A14.C15.A16.C【解析】【原文】W:Isitthefirsttimethatyou’vecometoAustralia?M:Ohyes.IhavehaddreamsofcomingheresinceIwasachild,andfinally,mydreamcametrue.W:I’mhappyforyouButbecarefulwhenyouvisitthedesert.M:Thanks.I’mfullypreparedforit.W:Oh,manydangersliethere,forexample,extremeheat,sunburn,andinsects.M:Yes.Ithinkgettinglostisdangerous.SoIboughtacompassandlearnedalittleabouthowtofindmywayinthedesert.W:That’ssmart.Butthebiggestdangercomesfromanimals.DoyouknowthatamajorityofpoisonoussnakesintheworldliveinAustralia?M:Iknow.DoyouthinkIhaveachanceofmeetingthem?W:Yes.Remember,keepawayfromthem.Someofthesnakescankillyouinlessthan5minutes.M:Noworries.Azoologistcamealong.Bytheway,whichcarismine?W:ThisgrayToyotawasbookedinyourname.Nowpleasefollowmetotheshoptosignsomepapers.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatdoesthespeakerworkfor?A.Atravelagency. B.Anairline. C.Anairport.18.Whatisthedestinationofthenewflight?A.PuertoRico. B.Maldives. C.England.19.WhathappenedtoRichardBransonin1984?A.Hisflightwascalledoff.B.Hefailedtocatchhisflight.C.Hecouldn’tfindaflighttohishomecity.20.Whatisanadvantageofthenewcabin?A.Lowerprices. B.Betterservice. C.Biggerseatingcapacity.【答案】17.B18.B19.A20.A【解析】【原文】I’mheretoannouncethatwewilloperateanewflightfromLondonHeathrowtotheMaldives.Wecouldn’tbemoreexcitedtoaddthisnewroutetoourairlineroutemap.Ithinkmanyofyouknowourslogan“SeetheWorldDifferently”,sotheMaldiveswillsurelyleaveyouwithunforgettablememorieswhenyoutakeatripthere.Ourhistorybeganin1984,whenRichardBranson,founderofVirginAtlantic,couldn’tleavePuertoRicobecausehisflightwascanceled,andagreatideaofestablishinganewcompanyappearedinhismind.Shortlyafterward,wewereabletoopen600-plusflights.Thisistheresultwecouldn’thaveimagined.WeflytoandfromNorthandSouthAmerica,Europe,Asia,andAustralia.Ourcompanyisdedicatedtothecomfortofthepassengers.Wecurrentlyhavethreedifferenttypesofcabins:upperclass,premiumandeconomy.RecentlyIreceivedsomeinsideinformationthatthecompanyisgoingtointroduceanewtypeofcabin:businesseconomy,whichwillbesoldatmoreaffordableprices,comparedtotheformerthree.However,itsseatingcapacityisonlyhalfofthem,soyouwillhavetogettheticketsasquicklyasyoucan.第二部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)：(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AChinaisoneoftheworld’sancientcivilizationsandhastheearliestoutstandingbronzecasting(青銅冶鑄)technology.Herewe’vecreatedalistof4museumswhereyoucangainanin-depthunderstandingofChinesebronze.SanxingduiMuseumAddress:SanxingduiRuinSite,133XiangxinRoad,Guanghan,Deyang,SichuanprovinceHours:ComprehensiveGallery(thefirstexhibitionhall):8:30-18:00;BronzeGallery(thesecondexhibitionhall):8:30-18:30.(noentryafter17:00).ClosedMondaysTicketbookingeneraladmission:Galleryticket80yuanNote:Childrenshorterthan1.2m(including1.2m)canvisitthegalleryfreeofcharge.Theticketmustbeusedonthedayitissold.NationalMuseumofChinaAddress:EastsideofTian’anmenSquareDongchengdistrict,BeijingHours:8:30-17:00(noentryafter16:30)Generaladmission:Free(passportrequiredforentry).ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)E-mail:webmaster@ShanghaiMuseumAddress:201RenminAvenue,Huangpudistrict,ShanghaiHours:9:00-17:00(noentryafter16:00).ClosedonthemorningofChineseNewYear’sEveE-mail:webmaster@Generaladmission:Free(amaxof8,000admitteddaily).HunanMuseumAddress:50DongfengRoad,Changsha,HunanprovinceHours:9:00-17:00(noentryafter16:00).ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)andtheeveofChineseNewYearTel:(+86-731)84415833,84475933E-mail:web@Generaladmission:Free(passportrequiredforentry).Formoreinformation,clickhere.21.WhichmuseumshouldyouchooseforyourfamilytovisitnextMonday?A.ShanghaiMuseum. B.HunanMuseum.C.SanxingduiMuseum. D.NationalMuseumofChina.22.WhatdoHunanMuseumandNationalMuseumofChinainthispassagehaveincommon?A.Theyarefreetochildrenunder12. B.Theycloseonnationalholidays.C.Theycanbereservedthroughe-mail. D.Theyneedapassportforentry.23.Whereisthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Awebsite. B.Anewspaper. C.Atraveljournal. D.Ahistorybook.【答案】21.A22.D23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了中國四大博物館——三星堆博物館、中國國家博物館、上海博物館和湖南博物館【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)全文可知，除了ShanghaiMuseum，其它三大博物館都沒有提及“ClosedMondays(星期一休息)”可知，下周一家人去參觀博物館，應(yīng)該選擇上海博物館。故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NationalMuseumofChina和HunanMuseum都提及到“Generaladmission:Free(passportrequiredforentry).(普通門票：免費(fèi)（需持護(hù)照入場）。)”可知，湖南博物館和中國國家博物館共同之處在于它們需要護(hù)照才能入場。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Formoreinformation,clickhere.(欲了解更多信息，請點(diǎn)擊這里。)”可知，這篇文章可能來一個網(wǎng)站。故選A。BLearninganylanguageishard,butlearningEnglishcanbeespeciallychallenging.Why?Becausenativespeakersusethelanguageinwaysthattextbookscouldneverdescribe.Inparticular,wordsthatBritishpeopleusecausemanylanguagestudentstoscratchtheirheads.Here’sanexample:YouoverhearaBritoncallingsomeonea“wazzock”.Butwhatexactlyisawazzock?Thisword,infact,meansafoolishperson,althoughthere’snothingaboutitthatwouldhelpyouguessthat.TherearemanystrangetermslikethisinBritishEnglish—theOxfordEnglishDictionarywouldbemuchsmallerwithouttheseoddusagesfillingitspages.Howcantheseoddwordsbeexplained?PartoftheansweristheBritishsenseofhumor.Britonsdon’tliketotakethingstooseriously,andthisisevidentthroughmanyBritishwordsandphrases.Forexample,to“spendapenny”meanstousethebathroom.Itreferstothedayswhenpeoplehadtopayapennytouseapublictoilet.InaninterviewfortheBBC’swebsite,BritishlinguistDavidCrystalsuggestedtheremaybehistoricalreasonsforthelargenumberofoddwordsandphrasesinBritishEnglish.Hethinksthattheybeganinthelate16thandearly17thcenturies.Thiswasagreatageforthetheater,whenShakespeareandotherwritersworkedhardtokeepupwiththedemandfornewplays.Thetheater’spopularityalsocreatedanincentivetoinventnewwords.Withthisinmind,perhapsShakespeareandhispeersaretoblameforunusualBritishwordssuchas“codswallop”and“balderdash”—whichboth,mean“nonsense”.Whilethesestrangewordsmaybeconfusingtonon-nativespeakers,theycertainlymakestudyingEnglishalotmoreinteresting.24.Accordingtothetext,whymaynon-nativespeakersfinditmorechallengingtolearnEnglish?A.Dictionariesaretoocomplicatedtounderstand.B.TheEnglishvocabularyistoolargeforthemtolearn.C.Alargenumberofstrangeexpressionsconfusethem.D.TheEnglishtextbookstheyuseareusuallyoutofdate.25.Withtheexampleof“theOxfordEnglishDictionary”inParagraph2,theauthorintendsto.A.stressthelargenumberofstrangetermsB.explaintheoriginofthestrangephrasesC.showBritishpeople’sattitudetowardsoddphrasesD.showtheusefulnessoftheOxfordEnglishDictionary26.Whichofthefollowingwordshasthesimilarmeaningtotheunderlinedword“incentive”inParagraph4?A.concern B.inspiration C.application D.opinion27.Whatisthetoneoftheauthorinwritingthearticle?A.Aerious. B.Anxious. C.Indifferent. D.Humorous.【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述的是英國英語中出現(xiàn)大量奇怪單詞的原因?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Becausenativespeakersusethelanguageinwaysthattextbookscouldneverdescribe.Inparticular,wordsthatBritishpeopleusecausemanylanguagestudentstoscratchtheirheads.(因?yàn)槟刚Z為英語的人使用這種語言的方式是教科書無法描述的。特別是，英國人使用的單詞會讓許多語言專業(yè)的學(xué)生撓頭)”以及第二段“Here’sanexample:YouoverhearaBritoncallingsomeonea“wazzock”.Butwhatexactlyisawazzock?Thisword,infact,meansafoolishperson,althoughthere’snothingaboutitthatwouldhelpyouguessthat.(舉個例子：你無意中聽到一個英國人叫某人“wazzock”。但wazzock到底是什么？事實(shí)上，這個詞的意思是愚蠢的人，盡管它沒有什么能幫助你猜測的)”可推知，母語非英語的人之所以會覺得學(xué)習(xí)英語很難是因?yàn)樵S多奇怪的詞對他們來說毫無意義，會讓他們覺得非常的困惑。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Here’sanexample:YouoverhearaBritoncallingsomeonea“wazzock”.Butwhatexactlyisawazzock?Thisword,infact,meansafoolishperson,althoughthere’snothingaboutitthatwouldhelpyouguessthat.TherearemanystrangetermslikethisinBritishEnglish—theOxfordEnglishDictionarywouldbemuchsmallerwithouttheseoddusagesfillingitspages.(舉個例子：你無意中聽到一個英國人叫某人“wazzock”。但wazzock到底是什么？事實(shí)上，這個詞的意思是愚蠢的人，盡管它沒有什么能幫助你猜測的。英國英語中有很多奇怪的術(shù)語，如果沒有這些奇怪的用法，《牛津英語詞典》就會小得多)”可知，第二段以《牛津英語字典》為例，是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)英語詞匯中有大量的奇怪的術(shù)語。故選A?！?6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thiswasagreatageforthetheater,whenShakespeareandotherwritersworkedhardtokeepupwiththedemandfornewplays.(他認(rèn)為它們始于16世紀(jì)末和17世紀(jì)初。這對戲劇來說是一個偉大的時代，莎士比亞和其他作家努力滿足對新劇的需求)

”以及劃線單詞句中的“Thetheater’spopularity

(劇院的受歡迎程度)”以及“toinventnewwords(發(fā)明新詞)”可知，16世紀(jì)末和17世紀(jì)初對戲劇來說是一個偉大的時代，劇院也同時受到了大眾的歡迎，從而激發(fā)了人們發(fā)明新詞。所以劃線單詞的意思為“啟發(fā)，激發(fā)”。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Inparticular,wordsthatBritishpeopleusecausemanylanguagestudentstoscratchtheirheads.(特別是，英國人使用的單詞會讓許多語言專業(yè)的學(xué)生撓頭)”，第三段的“Forexample,to“spendapenny”meanstousethebathroom.Itreferstothedayswhenpeoplehadtopayapennytouseapublictoilet.(例如，“花一分錢”的意思是使用衛(wèi)生間。它指的是人們必須花一分錢才能使用公共廁所的日子)”以及全文可知，作者在文中用了詼諧的單詞，舉了一些有趣的例子。由此可知，作者寫這篇文章的語氣是幽默的。故選D。COnApril18—theInternationalDayforMonumentsandSites,ChinaDaily’sdigitalemployeeYuanxiandDunhuangMogaoGrottoes’officialvirtualcartoonfigureJiayaotogetherintroducedaninteractivedigitalplatformthathostsavirtualcopyoftheMogaoGrottoes’LibraryCave(藏經(jīng)洞)totheworld.TheplatformwasdevelopedjointlybytheDunhuangAcademyandtheChinesetechfirmTencent.ItusesgamingtechnologiestoshowthehistoricalscenesoftheLibraryCaveinthedigitalworld.TheLibraryCaveinMogaoGrottoeswasdiscoveredin1900,withmorethan60,000culturalrelicsdatingfromthe4thcenturytothe11thcenturyunearthed.Itwasoneofthemostimportantarchaeologicaldiscoveriesinthe20thcentury.Ontheplatform,visitorscanrole-playand“timetravel”toancientdynastiesandtalkwitheighthistoricalfigures.ThepubliccanentertheplatformthroughtheDigitalDunhuangwebsiteanditsWeChatminiprogram.Inthedigitalage,themodelof“culture+technology”hasbeenintroducedtofacilitatethedevelopmentofChineseculture.ThedigitalizationrateofChina’spreciousculturalrelicsisnowover70percent,accordingtothe2022ChinaDigitalCollectionIndustryResearchReportreleasedbyiResearch.InstitutionssuchasthePalaceMuseumhavealsostartedonlinedigitalservicesoftheirown.Artificialintelligence(AI)technologyallowsthepublictoviewtheinteriorofthebuildingsthroughthePalaceMuseum’sWeChatminiprogram.TheMinistryofCultureandTourismhasalsoencouragedthedevelopmentandtransformationofculturalintellectualproperty(知識產(chǎn)權(quán))bydigitalmeans.ChinaCentralTelevisionhascreatedaseriesofdigitalcollectionswithdifferentDunhuangthemes,suchastheDunhuangdivinedeer(神鹿)Youyou.Itwascreatedbasedontheimageofthenine-coloreddeerfromDunhuangmurals(壁畫).ThepubliccanseethedivinedeeronCCTV’sowndigitalplatform.Digitalcollectionscatertotheconsumptionhabitsofyoungpeople,whogrowupintheinformationage.TheynotonlyprotecttheintellectualpropertyofthecollectionsbutalsobringthepublicclosertoChina’s“excellenttraditionalculture”,notedDunhuangArtInstitute.SuBomin,directoroftheDunhuangAcademy,toldXinhuathatmoreeffortswillbemadetoexplorenewformsforshowingculturalrelicsandofferthepublicgreaterculturalexperiencestodevelopDunhuangculture.28.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthevirtualcopyoftheMogaoGrottoes’LibraryCaveistrue?A.ItwasdevelopedbytheDunhuangAcademyalone.B.ThepubliccanhaveaccesstoitthroughWechatminiprogram.C.Ithasappliedthelatesttime-travelingandgamingtechnology.D.Itwasunearthedin1900withmorethan60,000culturalrelics.29.Whatisthepurposeofthemodelof“culture+technology”?A.Toshowthelatestgamingtechnologies.B.Tohelpculturalinstitutionsmakeaprofit.C.TopromotethedevelopmentofChineseculture.D.ToencouragepeopletoexploreChineseculturalrelics.30.HowdoestheauthorintroducethesuccessofdigitalcollectionsinParagraph7?A.Bylistingfigures. B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bygivingdefinitions. D.Bygivingexamples.31.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?A.China’snewwayinrebuildingMogaoGrottoes’LibraryCave.B.China’ssuccessinpromotingthedigitizationrateofculturalrelics.C.China’sinteractivedigitalplatformindevelopingDunhuangculture.D.China’slatestadvancesinthedevelopmentofculturalintellectualproperty.【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道，文章主要介紹了《中國日報》聯(lián)手敦煌莫高窟官方虛擬卡通人物“伽瑤”向世人介紹了一個互動數(shù)字平臺，該平臺存有敦煌莫高窟藏經(jīng)洞的虛擬副本，并講述了用數(shù)字工具弘揚(yáng)中國文化遺產(chǎn)的作用?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第四段第二句提到“ThepubliccanentertheplatformthroughtheDigitalDunhuangwebsiteanditsWeChatminiprogram.”（公眾可以通過數(shù)字敦煌網(wǎng)站及其微信小程序進(jìn)入該平臺。）由此判斷，公眾可以通過小程序進(jìn)入該平臺。B項符合文意。故選B。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。第五段第一句提到“Inthedigitalage,themodelof“culture+technology”hasbeenintroducedtofacilitatethedevelopmentofChineseculture.”（在數(shù)字時代，“文化+科技”的模式被引入，促進(jìn)了中國文化的發(fā)展）由此判斷，該模式的引入是為了促進(jìn)中國文化的發(fā)展。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。第七段第二三句提到“ChinaCentralTelevisionhascreatedaseriesofdigitalcollectionswithdifferentDunhuangthemes,suchastheDunhuangdivinedeer(神鹿)Youyou.Itwascreatedbasedontheimageofthenine-coloreddeerfromDunhuangmurals(壁畫).ThepubliccanseethedivinedeeronCCTV’sowndigitalplatform.”（中央電視臺制作了一系列不同敦煌主題的數(shù)字合集，比如敦煌神鹿。它是根據(jù)敦煌壁畫中的九色鹿形象創(chuàng)作的。公眾可以在央視自己的數(shù)字平臺上看到神鹿）該段提到了中央電視臺也制作了一系列的敦煌主題數(shù)字合集，同時舉出九色鹿的神鹿形象作為例子。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段提到“OnApril18 —theInternationalDayforMonumentsandSites,ChinaDaily’sdigitalemployeeYuanxiandDunhuangMogaoGrottoes’officialvirtualcartoonfigureJiayaotogetherintroducedaninteractivedigitalplatformthathostsavirtualcopyoftheMogaoGrottoes’LibraryCave(藏經(jīng)洞)totheworld.”（4月18日，國際古跡遺址日，《中國日報》數(shù)字員工袁西與敦煌莫高窟官方虛擬人物“伽瑤”共同推出了一個互動數(shù)字平臺，向世界展示了莫高窟圖書館洞虛擬副本）由此判斷，文章圍繞敦煌文化數(shù)字平臺展開，這一創(chuàng)作方式也拉進(jìn)歷史與公眾的距離。C項符合文意，故選C。DEachyear,thediscoveryofnewsharkspeciesunderlineshowlittleweknowaboutoceanbiodiversity.InarecentreportconductedbySibertandRubin,theyreportedanunexpectedfinding:alarge-scaleextinctionofsharksinthepelagicocean,thelargestecosystemonEarth,about19millionyearsago.Theirdiscoverysuggeststhatsomeextinctionsintheopenseaofthepastmayhavebeenmysterious.ThestudyofSibertandRubintakesadvantageofasystembyusingtiny,hardbitsofsharkskinandbonyfishteeththatnaturallyfallfromtheirbodiestotheseafloor.Theseextremelysmallfossilsprovidearichrecordofancientoceanicsharksandtheirabundanceforthousandsofyears.Bystudyingfossilsfrommanyregions,thediversitypatternscangivemajorinsightsintoevolution(進(jìn)化)oftheopenseathatwouldbeotherwiseunknown.SibertandRubinquantified(量化)apastextinctionofsharks,reportinga90%declineinnumberand>70%dropindiversity.Theyfoundthatnearer-shoresharksappeartosurvive,butmigratoryonesgoextinct.Thefindingofthisstudyisthatsharkshadundergoneawidespreadextinctionthatreorganizedtheircommunitiesfrom16millionto20millionyearsago.SibertandRubinnarrowedthedisappearanceofsharkstoawindowoftimeunder100,000yearsaround19millionyearsago,butthecausesofthiseventremainunclear.Becausethistimeperioddoesnotstandoutasaperiodofmajorclimaticchange,theauthorsdonotattribute(歸因于)environmentalfactorsasanextinctiondriver.Asforothercauses,thelossofsharkdiversityisdirectlylinkedtooverfishing.Thelossofsharksfromtheoceanshasprofound,complex,andunavoidableecologicalconsequencesbecausetheirpresencereflectsthestabilityofmarineecosystems.Yet,one-quarteroftheglobaldiversityofsharksiscurrentlythreatenedwithextinction.Despiterecentimprovementsinconservationactions,sharkcommunitiesneverrecoveredfromamysteriousextinctionevent19millionyearsago;theecologicalfateofwhatremainsisnowinourhands.32.WhatdidSibertandRubinfind?A.Thenegativeimpactoftheextinctionofsharks.B.Themysteriousreasonsbehindthedisappearanceofsharks.C.Themostrecentadvancesinthestudyofthelargestecosystem.D.Thelarge-scaledeclineinthenumberofsharksabout19millionyearsago.33.HowdidSibertandRubinconducttheirstudy?A.Bycollectingandanalyzingsharkfossilsworldwide.B.Byquantifyingthemovementofnear-shoresharks.C.Byusingasystemtostudythenaturallyfallenbitsfromsharks.D.Bykeepingtrackofancientoceanicsharksandtheiractivities.34.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A.Overfishingispartlytoblameforthelossofsharkdiversity.B.Thenumberofsharkshasrecoveredtoitspreviouslevel.C.Scientisthavefiguredouttheexactcausesofsharks’extinction.D.Sharkshadundergoneawidespreadextinctionduetotheclimatechange.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Sharks:TheStoriesbehindThem B.Sharks:TheMarineMastersC.Sharks:KillersorMisunderstood? D.Sharks:TheMysteriousExtinction【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要闡述了西伯特和魯賓利用了一個系統(tǒng)研究了海洋中的鯊魚大規(guī)模滅絕的原因?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“InarecentreportconductedbySibertandRubin,theyreportedanunexpectedfinding:alarge-scaleextinctionofsharksinthepelagicocean,thelargestecosystemonEarth,about19millionyearsago.(在西伯特和魯賓最近的一份報告中，他們報告了一個意想不到的發(fā)現(xiàn)：大約1900萬年前，地球上最大的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，中上層海洋中的鯊魚大規(guī)模滅絕)”可知，西伯特和魯賓發(fā)現(xiàn)大約1900萬年前，中上層海洋中的鯊魚大規(guī)模滅絕。因此，西伯特和魯賓發(fā)現(xiàn)了大約1900萬年前鯊魚數(shù)量的大規(guī)模下降，D項“Thelarge-scaledeclineinthenumberofsharksabout19millionyearsago.(大約1900萬年前鯊魚數(shù)量的大規(guī)模下降)”符合題意。故選D項?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ThestudyofSibertandRubintakesadvantageofasystembyusingtiny,hardbitsofsharkskinandbonyfishteeththatnaturallyfallfromtheirbodiestotheseafloor.(西伯特和魯賓的研究利用了一種利用鯊魚皮和硬骨魚牙齒的微小硬塊的系統(tǒng)，這些碎片自然地從它們的身體上掉到海底)”可知，西伯特和魯賓的研究利用了利用了鯊魚皮膚和硬骨魚牙齒的微小、堅硬的碎片，這些碎片自然地從它們的身體上掉到海底，因此，C項“Byusingasystemtostudythenaturallyfallenbitsfromsharks.(通過使用一種系統(tǒng)來研究鯊魚自然掉落的碎片)”是西伯特和魯賓進(jìn)行他們的研究的方式，C項符合題意。故選C項?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的最后一句“Asforothercauses,thelossofsharkdiversityisdirectlylinkedtooverfishing.(至于其他原因，鯊魚多樣性的喪失與過度捕撈直接相關(guān)。)”可知，鯊魚多樣性的喪失與過度捕撈直接相關(guān)，因此，A項“Overfishingispartlytoblameforthelossofsharkdiversity.(過度捕撈是鯊魚多樣性喪失的部分原因)”是正確的陳述，A項符合題意。故選A項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段“InarecentreportconductedbySibertandRubin,theyreportedanunexpectedfinding:alarge-scaleextinctionofsharksinthepelagicocean,thelargestecosystemonEarth,about19millionyearsago.

Theirdiscoverysuggeststhatsomeextinctionsintheopenseaofthepastmayhavebeenmysterious.(在西伯特和魯賓最近的一份報告中，他們報告了一個意想不到的發(fā)現(xiàn)：大約1900萬年前，地球上最大的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，中上層海洋中的鯊魚大規(guī)模滅絕。他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，過去公海上的一些物種滅絕可能是神秘的。)”可知，本文主要闡述了西伯特和魯賓利用了一個系統(tǒng)研究了海洋中的鯊魚大規(guī)模滅絕的原因。因此，本文最好的標(biāo)題是D項“Sharks:TheMysteriousExtinction(鯊魚:神秘的滅絕)”符合題意。故選D項。第二節(jié)：(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Anearthquakehappenswhentwoplatesrubtogether.Theearthplatestravelindifferentdirectionsandatdifferentspeeds.___36___Inotherwords,earthquakesaretheshakingoftheearth’ssurfacecausedbytheearth’srockyouterlayer.Theenergystoredwithinissuddenlyreleased.Thedamageanearthquakecausesdependsonwhereitisandwhenitishappening.Ifanunpopulatedregionisstruck,therewillbelowlossoflifeorproperty.___37___Manyoftheareasatriskarelargelypopulatednow.Majorearthquakeshittingthoseareastodaycouldproduceterribledamage.___38___Fortunately,however,mostofthemareunnoticedtothepublicbecauseofthesmallRichterscale(震級).Butlargeearthquakessuchasthe1964Alaskanquakethatmeasured9.2ontheRichterscale,cancausemillionsofdollarsindamage.___39___In1972,aseriesofsevereearthquakesstruckManagua,Nicaragua.Fifteenyearslater,thecitystilllookedthewayithadaweekaftertheearthquakehit,becausethecitywasinsuchamessthatitdidn’thavethemoneynecessarytorebuildit.Theshakingoftheearthissometimesnotthegreatestdisaster.___40___Inthe1906earthquake,itwasthefirescausedafteritthatdidthemajorityofthedamage.Anearthq