山東省泰安市2023年高三《英語(yǔ)》上學(xué)期期末試題與參考答案

山東省泰安市2023年高三《英語(yǔ)》上學(xué)期期末試題與參考答案第一部分：聽力第一節(jié)：聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhoisMike?A.Thewoman’shusband.B.Thewoman’sfather.C.Thewoman’sson.2.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Fixhislaptop.B.Payinadvance.C.Makeaspeech.3.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Windy.4.WhatisMarydoing?A.Writingareport.B.Callingthepolice.C.Readinganewspaper.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Alifestyle.B.Alandscape.C.Apainting.第二節(jié)：聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whichisthespecialoffertoday?A.Bacon.B.Friedeggs.C.Chickenrolls.7.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Awaitress.B.Acook.C.Asalesperson.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthewomanconsiderbeautifulandamazing?A.Starfish.B.Seashells.C.Sharks.9.Whatdoesthemanexpectpeopletodo?A.Takeatriptotheislands.B.CollectrocksinHawaii.C.Respectallcreatures.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Atwhichwindowcanthemancanceltheticket?A.Window4.B.Window5.C.Window6.11.Whatisthemanlikelytodonext?A.Buyasouvenir.B.Checkintoahotel.C.Makeanapology.12.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atatrainstation.B.Inagiftshop.C.Atanairport.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthemanprefertodothisweekend?A.Rideabike.B.Haveabreak.C.Gocamping.14.Howwillthespeakersgotothesciencemuseum?A.Onfoot.B.Bycar.C.Bybus.15.Whendoesthesciencemuseumopen?A.At9:00.B.At8:45.C.At8:30.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Husbandandwife.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WherewasJeffersonborn?A.InLouisiana.B.InVirginia.C.InWashington.18.WhatdidJeffersonstudyatcollege?A.Agriculture.B.Politics.C.Law.19.WhenwasJeffersonelectedasthepresidentofAmerica?A.In1801.B.In1807.C.In1809.20.WhatdidJeffersondoasapresident?A.HeattendedtheUSMilitaryAcademy.B.Heworkedhardtobantheslavetrade.C.Hegavefullsupporttothetaxincrease.第二部分：閱讀第一節(jié)：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFactoryWorkersNeededLocation:DrummondvilleQCSalary:Upto$21anhourJobtype:Full-timeWHYJOINUS?·Permanent,full-timeposition·Shift(班次):day,evening,nightandweekendshifts·Salary:upto$21/hrdependingonskillsandexperience·Variedshiftpremium(補(bǔ)助):upto$2.5/hrdependingontheshift·Groupinsurance·RegisteredRetirementSavingsPlan·Personalandfloatingvacations/workbreak·Employeeandfamilyassistanceprogram·Safeworkenvironment·SocialactivitiesHOWWILLYOUBESPENDINGYOURTIME?Doyouliketouseyourmechanicalandmanual(體力的)skills?Wehaveagreatopportunityforyou!·Producerubber,plastic,castiron,andmetalproductswhileoperatingindustrialmachinery.·Operateequipmenttocarryoutvariousstagesofproduction.·Cutandsandparts.WHATAREWELOOKINGFOR?·Youhaveagoodmechanicalsenseandyouareamanualperson.·Youhavegoodphysicalabilitiestohandlelargeloadswithaforklift.Evenifyouhavelittleexperience,don’thesitatetosendusyourapplication.Ourteamwillbethereforyou!WHATAREYOUWAITINGFORTOAPPLY?Welookforwardtogettingtoknowyouandworkingwithyou!1.Howmuchcanaworkerinthefactoryearnatmostperhour?A.$2.5. B.$18.5. C.$21. D.$23.5.2.Whichofthefollowingbenefitsisofferedbythefactory?A.Personalinsurance. B.Doubleovertimepay.C.Flexibletimeoff. D.Shorterworkinghours.3.Whoisdisqualifiedtoapplyforthejob?A.Awell-builtdriver. B.Aweakteenager.C.Aweightlifter. D.Astrongwoman.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。是一篇工廠招工的招聘啟示，介紹了工作地點(diǎn)，職位，工資和福利等等?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Salary部分“Upto$21anhour(最高每小時(shí)21美元)”以及Variedshiftpremium部分“upto$2.5/hrdependingontheshift(根據(jù)班次，最高可達(dá)2.5美元/小時(shí))”可知，工廠里一個(gè)工人每小時(shí)最多能掙21+2.5=23.5美元。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WHYJOINUS?下的第七點(diǎn)“Personalandfloatingvacations/workbreak(個(gè)人靈活的假期/工作休息)”可知，工廠提供靈活的休假時(shí)間。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)WHATAREWELOOKINGFOR?下的“Youhaveagoodmechanicalsenseandyouareamanualperson.(你有很好的機(jī)械感，是一個(gè)動(dòng)手的人)”以及“Youhavegoodphysicalabilitiestohandlelargeloadswithaforklift.(你有良好的體力使用叉車搬運(yùn)重物)”可知，工廠是在招身體健壯能開叉車的人，所以A項(xiàng)“Awell-builtdriver.(一個(gè)健壯的司機(jī))”符合。故選A項(xiàng)。BQueenElizabethisknownforherdevotiontohercountry,hercloserelationshipswithherfamilyand,mostimportantly,hercorgis.Unfortunately,overtheweekendshelostthelastofherroyalcorgis,Willow.AccordingtoTheDailyMail,the15-year-olddoghadtobeputtodeathaftersufferingacancer-relatedillness.Thismarksthefirsttimethatthe91-year-oldQueeniswithoutacorgiintheroyalhouseholdsinceWorldWarⅡ.In2015,MontyRoberts,theQueen’sdogtrainer,sharedsomedetailswithVanityFairaboutherpets.RobertsencouragedQueenElizabethtocontinuebreeding(繁殖)corgis,but,inheroldage,shedidn’twanttoleaveanyyoungdogbehind.Shedid,however,adoptafull-grownCorginamedWhisperin2017,afteritsowner,whowasagatekeeperatthepalace,died.ItwasalsosaidthatQueenElizabethwasworriedshe’dtripoverthedogsplayingatherfeet.Itwasaprettyrealfear.FormerroyalstaffPaulBurrellclaimedthathewasoncetrippedbyninecorgiswhilewalkingthemdownthestepsatthepalace.Willowwasadogwithequallyblueblood,althoughsheneverfoundsocialmediastardom.Itwasa14th-generationchildofSusan,thecorgiwhowasgiftedtoElizabethonher18thbirthdaybyherfather,KingGeorgeⅥ.OneofWillow’smostmemorablemomentswasposingwithJamesBondatthe2012LondonOlympics.Holly,Queen’sanothercorgi,alsostarredinthevideo,butshepassedawaymorethanayearago,attheageof13.Thisistrulytheendofanera,asQueenElizabethhasownedmorethan30corgisthroughoutherlife.Atonepoint,shehad13atonce.“Shewassadforeachlossofhercorgisovertheyears,butshehasbeenparticularlyupsetaboutWillow’sdeath,”aBuckinghamPalacesourcetoldTheDailyMail.“ItisprobablybecauseWillowwasthelastlinktoherparentsandapastimethatgoesbacktoherownchildhood.”4.WhathappenedtoWillowovertheweekendaccordingtoTheDailyMail?A.Itwaskilledinacaraccident. B.Itwasputtodeath.C.Ithadanunsuccessfuloperation. D.Itwasfoundtohavecancer.5.WhydidQueenElizabethstopbreedingcorgisaccordingtoMontyRoberts?A.Shewastooweaktotakecareofthedogs.B.Shebecametiredofthosecrazylittledogs.C.Shewasafraidthatshe’dtripoverthedogs.D.Shewasworriedaboutthedogsafterherdeath.6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“blueblood”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Nobleancestor. B.Badmood.C.Coldheart. D.Terribledisease.7.WhatdoesWillowprobablymeanforQueenElizabeth?A.Theendofanera. B.Hercontroloverthecountry.C.Atiewithherparents. D.Thehardshipinherchildhood.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了最后一只皇家柯基犬Willow離世，并講述了伊麗莎白女王和皇家柯基犬的故事。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Unfortunately,overtheweekendshelostthelastofherroyalcorgis,Willow.AccordingtoTheDailyMail,the15-year-olddoghadtobeputtodeathaftersufferingacancer-relatedillness.(不幸的是，在周末，她失去了她的最后一只皇家柯基狗Willow。據(jù)《每日郵報(bào)》報(bào)道，這只15歲的狗狗在患有癌癥相關(guān)疾病后不得不被處死)”可知，據(jù)《每日郵報(bào)》報(bào)道，Willow在周末被處死了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“RobertsencouragedQueenElizabethtocontinuebreeding(繁殖)corgis,but,inheroldage,shedidn’twanttoleaveanyyoungdogbehind.(羅伯茨鼓勵(lì)伊麗莎白女王繼續(xù)繁殖飼養(yǎng)柯基犬，但她不想自己年邁時(shí)留下任何一只小狗)”可知，根據(jù)蒙蒂·羅伯茨的說(shuō)法，伊麗莎白女王不再飼養(yǎng)柯基犬是因?yàn)樗幌胱约豪虾罅粝氯魏我恢恍」?，為它們?dān)心。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后“Itwasa14th-generationchildofSusan,thecorgiwhowasgiftedtoElizabethonher18thbirthdaybyherfather,KingGeorgeⅥ.(它是蘇珊的第14代孩子，這只柯基狗是伊麗莎白18歲生日時(shí)她的父親喬治國(guó)王送給她的Ⅵ)”可知，Willow有著貴族血統(tǒng)，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，劃線詞blueblood與nobleancestor表達(dá)的意思一致，即“貴族的血統(tǒng)；高貴的祖先”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ItisprobablybecauseWillowwasthelastlinktoherparentsandapastimethatgoesbacktoherownchildhood.(這可能是因?yàn)閃illow是她與父母的最后聯(lián)系，也是她自己童年時(shí)代的娛樂(lè))”可知，對(duì)伊麗莎白女王來(lái)說(shuō)Willow意味著與她父母的聯(lián)系。故選C項(xiàng)。CChinaannouncedalong-awaitedplantointegrate(融合)thesouthernPearlRiverDeltaArea(PRDA)asanattempttocreateapowerhousetorival(相匹敵)theUSSiliconValleythatishometosuchwell-knowncompaniesasGoogle,FacebookandApple.Thepossibilitiesandchallengesoftheeffortarebothequallypromisingandchallenging.Theplanisanaturalresultoftheeconomicandtechnologicaldevelopmentinthearea.China’sopeninguptotheworldmorethanfourdecadesagobeganinthesouthandPRDAhaslongbeenhometomanyofthecountry’sleadingtechnologicalcompanies.includin,HuaweiandTencent.“Theplanispromising,”saidAdamXu,ananalystatOC&CStrategyConsultants.“IfyoureallylookathistoryinChina,alotoftop-downplansalwayshaveverystrongbottom-upsupport.Andalotofeconomicactivitieshavealreadyhappenedthere.Nowtheyhaveabigplantoofficiallyrecognize,promoteandfurtheraccelerate.”Thekeychallengewillbeexecution(執(zhí)行).TheplanhastointegratethreedifferentlegalsystemsamongMainlandChina,HongkongandMacau.ThatmakesPRDAuniquecomparedtotheothertwomajorareasinChina—theBeijing,Hebei,TianjinAreaandtheYangtzeRiverDeltaAreanearShanghai.“Wedon’tknowhoweffectivelythetop-downplanwillguidethemanyindependentgrowingforcesatthelocallevel,”Xuadmitted.“Thispartwillbequiteanimportantchallenge.”ChinahasalreadytakenmajorstepstoovercomesomeofthephysicalbarrierssuchaslinkingHongkongwithGuangzhouandShenzhenbyhigh-speedrailwaysanditsrecentopeningofthe55-kilometerHongkong-Zhuhai-Macaubridge.Butotherbarriers,suchastheflowofpeople,informationandmoney,mayprovetobeabiggerchallenge.Xusaid,“Thebiggestchallengeandthebiggestbeauty—iftheyeventuallysucceed—willbelinkingallofthesetogether.”8.Whatareparagraph2andparagraph3mainlyabout?A.ThefavorableconditionsinPRDA.B.Thebenefitsoftop-downplansinChina.C.PRDA’sadvantagesovertheSiliconValley.D.Theflowofpeople.informationandmoney.9.WhichchallengeisuniqueinthePearlRiverDeltaArea?A.Thephysicalbarriers. B.Theculturaldifferences.C.Thegovernmentcontrol. D.Thedifferentlegalsystems.10.Whichofthefollowingcitiesareconnectedbythe55-kilometerbridge?A.Shenzhen,Zhuhai,Macau. B.Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Macau.C.Zhuhai,Macau,Hongkong. D.Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Hongkong.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDifferentLegalSystemsinHongkongandMacauB.ThePossibilitiesandChallengesofIntegratingPRDAC.TheProblemsFacingChina’sNewlyAnnouncedPlansD.TheFastDevelopmentinthePearlRiverDeltaArea【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹了整合珠江三角洲南部地區(qū)所面對(duì)的優(yōu)勢(shì)和挑戰(zhàn)。【8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Theplanisanaturalresultoftheeconomicandtechnologicaldevelopmentinthearea.China’sopeninguptotheworldmorethanfourdecadesagobeganinthesouthandPRDAhaslongbeenhometomanyofthecountry’sleadingtechnologicalcompanies.includingHuaweiandTencent.(該計(jì)劃是該地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)和技術(shù)發(fā)展的自然結(jié)果。40多年前，中國(guó)向世界開放始于南部地區(qū)，長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，包括華為(Huawei)和騰訊(Tencent)在內(nèi)的許多中國(guó)領(lǐng)先科技公司都在珠三角落戶)”以及第三段““Theplanispromising,”saidAdamXu,ananalystatOC&CStrategyConsultants.“IfyoureallylookathistoryinChina,alotoftop-downplansalwayshaveverystrongbottom-upsupport.Andalotofeconomicactivitieshavealreadyhappenedthere.Nowtheyhaveabigplantoofficiallyrecognize,promoteandfurtheraccelerate.”(“該計(jì)劃很有希望，”O(jiān)C&C戰(zhàn)略咨詢公司(OC&CStrategyConsultants)分析師亞當(dāng)·許(AdamXu)說(shuō)?！叭绻阏J(rèn)真回顧中國(guó)的歷史，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很多自上而下的計(jì)劃總是有非常強(qiáng)大的自下而上的支持。很多經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)已經(jīng)在那里發(fā)生了?，F(xiàn)在他們有了一個(gè)大計(jì)劃，要正式確認(rèn)、推廣并進(jìn)一步加速?！?”可知，第二段和第三段主要講述了整合珠三角的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選A項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thekeychallengewillbeexecution.TheplanhastointegratethreedifferentlegalsystemsamongMainlandChina,HongkongandMacau.ThatmakesPRDAuniquecomparedtotheothertwomajorareasinChina—theBeijing,Hebei,TianjinAreaandtheYangtzeRiverDeltaAreanearShanghai.(關(guān)鍵的挑戰(zhàn)將是執(zhí)行。該計(jì)劃必須整合中國(guó)大陸、香港和澳門三個(gè)不同的法律體系。這使得珠三角與中國(guó)其他兩個(gè)主要地區(qū)——京津冀地區(qū)和靠近上海的長(zhǎng)江三角洲地區(qū)——相比是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的)”可知，在珠三角地區(qū)，整合不同的法律體系的挑戰(zhàn)是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“ChinahasalreadytakenmajorstepstoovercomesomeofthephysicalbarrierssuchaslinkingHongkongwithGuangzhouandShenzhenbyhigh-speedrailwaysanditsrecentopeningofthe55-kilometerHongkong-Zhuhai-Macaubridge.(中國(guó)已經(jīng)采取了一些重大措施來(lái)克服一些有形障礙，比如通過(guò)高速鐵路將香港與廣州和深圳連接起來(lái)，以及最近開通了55公里長(zhǎng)港珠澳大橋)”可知，珠海、澳門、香港由55公里長(zhǎng)的大橋連接。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Chinaannouncedalong-awaitedplantointegratethesouthernPearlRiverDeltaArea(PRDA)asanattempttocreateapowerhousetorivaltheUSSiliconValleythatishometosuchwell-knowncompaniesasGoogle,FacebookandApple.Thepossibilitiesandchallengesoftheeffortarebothequallypromisingandchallenging.(中國(guó)宣布了一項(xiàng)期待已久的計(jì)劃，將珠江三角洲南部地區(qū)(PRDA)整合起來(lái)，試圖打造一個(gè)與美國(guó)硅谷相媲美的強(qiáng)大地區(qū)。美國(guó)硅谷是谷歌、Facebook和蘋果等知名公司的總部所在地。這項(xiàng)工作的可能性和挑戰(zhàn)既充滿希望，也充滿挑戰(zhàn))”以及縱觀全文可知，二三段主要講述了整合珠江三角洲南部地區(qū)所擁有的優(yōu)勢(shì)，四，五，六段主要講述了這個(gè)計(jì)劃所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，所以本文主要講述了整合珠江三角洲南部地區(qū)所面對(duì)的優(yōu)勢(shì)和挑戰(zhàn)，所以B項(xiàng)“ThePossibilitiesandChallengesofIntegratingPRDA(整合PRDA的可能性與挑戰(zhàn))”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。DAnewstudypublishedinThursday’seditionofCellreportsthatmosquitoes’senseofsmellismorecomplexthanweoncethought.Anditmayexplainhowtheyaresogoodatseekingusoutinthedarknessandleadtonewstrategiestofightagainstthepotentiallydeadlydiseasescausedbytheirbites.UntilMegYounger,co-authorofthestudy,andhercolleaguesstartedstudyingmosquitoes,it’slongbeenknownthatmosquitoesrelyonmultiplecluestotargethumans,First,theywillsensetheCO2inthebreathfromadistancethatcanbemorethan30feet.AftertheCO2,thentheybegintosensehumanbodysmells.Theyfollowtheodors(氣味)and,whentheygetveryclose,starttodetectbodyheat.Oncetheylandontheskin,theylookforaplacetobitewiththeirlegs.Inmanypartsoftheworld,theirbitesmayleadtosuchdiseasesasdengue,Zika,chikungunyaandmalaria.Thelatterdiseasealonecausesoverhalfamilliondeathseachyeararoundtheglobe.“Butmostofwhatweknowaboutmosquitoes’senseofsmellcomesfromthestudyofthebrainsofmiceandfruitflies,wherethepathwaysbetweenthebrainandsmelldetectorsarefairlysimple:Eachneuron(神經(jīng)元)intheirsmelldetectorsjustrespondstoasinglekindofsmellandalltheneuronsforthatsmellareconnectedtothesamepartoftheirbrains.Ofcourse,therearecountlessdifferentdetectorsrespondingtocountlesssmells,”saysYounger.“Whenwestartedlookinginsidemosquitobrains,wefoundthateachneuroncandetectmultiplesmells.”“It’sagreatbreakthrough,”saysJosefinadelMarmol,ascientistattheHarvardMedicalSchoolwhowasn’tinvolvedwiththeresearch.“Itwillchangealotaboutwhatweknowofhowmosquitoesinteractwiththeworldandgiveresearchersadditionalwaystofightthebugs.Butthere’smoreworktobedonetotest,neuronbyneuron,whichneuronactuallyrespondstowhichhumanbodysmells.”12.Whatcanbelearnedaboutmosquitoesfromparagraph2?A.Theylookforaplacetobitewiththeireyes.B.Theycanonlydetecthumanswithin30feet.C.Theyarefirstattractedbyhumanbodysmells.D.TheyaremoresensitivetotheCO2inthebreath.13.Whichdiseasecausesmorethan0.5milliondeathseachyearintheworld?A.Malaria. B.Zika. C.Dengue. D.Chikungunya.14.WhatisMegYounger’snewdiscovery?A.Thepathwaysinthebrainsofmicearefairlysimple.B.Aneuroninmosquitoes’detectorscandetectmanysmells.C.Alltheneuronsforasmellareconnectedtothesamepartofthebrain.D.Theneuronsinfruitflies’brainsjustrespondtoasinglekindofsmell.15.WhatdoesJosefinadelMarmolsayaboutthenewstudy?A.Theprocessisnotverycomplete. B.Theconclusionisnotveryreliable.C.Morespecifictestshavetobedone. D.Theresearchmethodistoocomplex.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述一項(xiàng)新的研究解釋說(shuō)明蚊子的嗅覺(jué)比我們想象的復(fù)雜得多，對(duì)于對(duì)抗蚊子的研究有益處?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“First,theywillsensetheCO2inthebreathfromadistancethatcanbemorethan30feet.AftertheCO2,thentheybegintosensehumanbodysmells.(首先，它們會(huì)在30英尺外感知呼吸中的二氧化碳。在吸入二氧化碳后，它們開始感知人體的氣味)”可推斷，蚊子對(duì)呼吸中的二氧化碳更敏感，故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inmanypartsoftheworld,theirbitesmayleadtosuchdiseasesasdengue,Zika,chikungunyaandmalaria.Thelatterdiseasealonecausesoverhalfamilliondeathseachyeararoundtheglobe.(在世界許多地方，它們的叮咬可能導(dǎo)致登革熱、寨卡病毒、基孔肯雅熱和瘧疾等疾病。僅后一種疾病每年就在全球造成50多萬(wàn)人死亡)”可知，世界上每年有50多萬(wàn)人死于瘧疾，故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Whenwestartedlookinginsidemosquitobrains,wefoundthateachneuroncandetectmultiplesmells.(當(dāng)我們開始研究蚊子大腦時(shí)，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)每個(gè)神經(jīng)元都能探測(cè)到多種氣味)”和第五段““It’sagreatbreakthrough,”saysJosefinadelMarmol,ascientistattheHarvardMedicalSchoolwhowasn’tinvolvedwiththeresearch.(“這是一個(gè)偉大的突破，”哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的科學(xué)家JosefinadelMarmol說(shuō)，她沒(méi)有參與這項(xiàng)研究)”可知，MegYounger的新發(fā)現(xiàn)是蚊子探測(cè)器中的一個(gè)神經(jīng)元可以探測(cè)到許多氣味。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““It’sagreatbreakthrough,”saysJosefinadelMarmol,ascientistattheHarvardMedicalSchoolwhowasn’tinvolvedwiththeresearch.“Itwillchangealotaboutwhatweknowofhowmosquitoesinteractwiththeworldandgiveresearchersadditionalwaystofightthebugs.Butthere’smoreworktobedonetotest,neuronbyneuron,whichneuronactuallyrespondstowhichhumanbodysmells.”(“這是一個(gè)偉大的突破，”哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的科學(xué)家JosefinadelMarmol說(shuō)，她沒(méi)有參與這項(xiàng)研究?！斑@將在很大程度上改變我們對(duì)蚊子如何與世界互動(dòng)的了解，并為研究人員提供額外的方法來(lái)對(duì)抗蚊子。但還有更多的工作要做，一個(gè)神經(jīng)元一個(gè)神經(jīng)元地測(cè)試，哪個(gè)神經(jīng)元實(shí)際上對(duì)人體的哪種氣味有反應(yīng)?！?”可知，JosefinadelMarmol認(rèn)為還需要做更具體的測(cè)試。故選C。第二節(jié)：閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Angermayseemunappealing,butthisemotionisanecessarypartofyourwell-being.Aswithjoyandsadness,expressingangeroverabrokenpromise,alostopportunity,orotherinconvenienceishealthy.However,ifangerisfrequentlyexpressed,itwillbeharmful.Learningtodealwiththisemotionthenbecomesimportant.____16____.Trypositiveexercises.Whenyoufeeltheunmistakablesignsofyourangerbuildingup,trytofocusonpositivepracticeslikedeepbreathingtocalmyourselfdown.____17____.Repeatingthisexerciseuntilyourangerisundercontrolcanhelptopreventanoutburstandthenegativeoutcomesthataccompanyit.____18____.Justasyouopenuptolovedonesoverthepainofheartbreakorthejoyofapromotion,callinglovedoneswhenyou’reabouttolosecontrolofyourangerisahealthywayofdealingwiththeemotion.Yourfriendsandfamilycanactasasupportgroup,calmingyouuntiltheworstisover.Keepamoodjournal.Arecommendedwaytodealwithangerandrecognizehowfrequentlyyouembracethisemotioniskeepingajournaltotrackyouremotions.____19____,youcanunderstandyourfeelingsbetter.Thenyoucaneasilyfindaproperwaytocontrolyouranger.Seeatherapist(治療師).____20____,seekingprofessionalguidanceisalwaysawelcomewaytogetthingsundercontrol.Alicensedmentalhealthprofessionalcanhelpyourecognizeandcontrolthenegativethoughtsthatmayleadtoanangryoutburst.A.TurntoyourlovedonesforhelpB.SharesomethinggoodwithyourlovedonesC.However,youcantrysomepracticestoexpressyourangerD.Solet’stakealookatsomewaystohelpyoumanageyourangerE.Ifyoufeelthatyourangeristoostrongtobecontainedthroughself-helpF.SupportingyourbreathingwithcomfortingwordscanhelptocontrolyourangerbetterG.Ifyounotethecausesthatpushyoutooutburstsandthethoughtsthatrunthroughyourmind【答案】16.D17.F18.A19.G20.E【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了處理憤怒情緒的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Learningtodealwiththisemotionthenbecomesimportant.(學(xué)會(huì)處理這種情緒就變得很重要。)”提出要學(xué)會(huì)處理憤怒這種情緒，結(jié)合下文小標(biāo)題可知，下文介紹了處理憤怒的方法，D項(xiàng)“Solet’stakealookatsomewaystohelpyoumanageyouranger(所以，讓我們來(lái)看看一些幫助你控制憤怒的方法)”承上啟下，引出下文中方法的介紹，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Whenyoufeeltheunmistakablesignsofyourangerbuildingup,trytofocusonpositivepracticeslikedeepbreathingtocalmyourselfdown.(當(dāng)你感到你的憤怒正在積聚的明顯跡象時(shí)，試著專注于積極的練習(xí)，比如深呼吸，讓自己冷靜下來(lái)。)”提出通過(guò)深呼吸的方法來(lái)讓自己冷靜下來(lái)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Supportingyourbreathingwithcomfortingwordscanhelptocontrolyourangerbetter(用安慰的話支持你的呼吸可以幫助你更好地控制你的憤怒)”對(duì)這一方法做出補(bǔ)充，提出同時(shí)使用“comfortingwords”來(lái)控制憤怒。兩個(gè)句子中都出現(xiàn)了“breathing”一詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選F項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】設(shè)空句是本段主題句，根據(jù)下文“Justasyouopenuptolovedonesoverthepainofheartbreakorthejoyofapromotion,callinglovedoneswhenyou’reabouttolosecontrolofyourangerisahealthywayofdealingwiththeemotion.Yourfriendsandfamilycanactasasupportgroup,calmingyouuntiltheworstisover.(就像你向你所愛的人傾訴心碎的痛苦或升職的喜悅一樣，當(dāng)你快要控制不住自己的憤怒時(shí)，給你所愛的人打電話是一種處理情緒的健康方式。你的朋友和家人可以作為一個(gè)支持小組，讓你平靜下來(lái)，直到最糟糕的事情過(guò)去。)”可知，本段講通過(guò)給所愛的人打電話來(lái)處理情緒。A項(xiàng)“Turntoyourlovedonesforhelp(向你愛的人尋求幫助)”是最佳主題句。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空格后逗號(hào)可知，設(shè)空句是從句，構(gòu)成主從復(fù)合句，只能在E、G項(xiàng)中選擇。結(jié)合上文“Arecommendedwaytodealwithangerandrecognizehowfrequentlyyouembracethisemotioniskeepingajournaltotrackyouremotions.(處理憤怒并認(rèn)識(shí)到你有多頻繁地?fù)肀н@種情緒的一個(gè)推薦方法是寫日記來(lái)跟蹤你的情緒。)”可知，文章推薦通過(guò)記日記來(lái)跟蹤情緒，G項(xiàng)“Ifyounotethecausesthatpushyoutooutburstsandthethoughtsthatrunthroughyourmind(如果你注意到促使你爆發(fā)的原因和在你腦海中運(yùn)行的想法)”說(shuō)明用日記記錄情緒的作用，可以幫你找到“促使你爆發(fā)的原因和腦海中運(yùn)行的想法”，從而“讓你更好地理解自己的感受”，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選G項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)空格后逗號(hào)可知，設(shè)空句是從句，構(gòu)成主從復(fù)合句，G項(xiàng)已經(jīng)被選，只有E項(xiàng)符合條件。同時(shí)，下文“seekingprofessionalguidanceisalwaysawelcomewaytogetthingsundercontrol.(尋求專業(yè)指導(dǎo)總是一種受歡迎的控制情緒的方式。)”建議尋求專業(yè)指導(dǎo)，E項(xiàng)“Ifyoufeelthatyourangeristoostrongtobecontainedthroughself-help(如果你覺(jué)得自己的憤怒太強(qiáng)烈，無(wú)法通過(guò)自助來(lái)控制)”假設(shè)了尋求專業(yè)指導(dǎo)的條件，如果自己已經(jīng)無(wú)法控制憤怒的情緒，就需要尋求專業(yè)指導(dǎo)，照應(yīng)本段主題“Seeatherapist(治療師).”。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用第一節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Thismorning.Istoppedbyalocalgrocerystoretopickupafewitems.Thesmallstorewasalmost____21____andonlyonecashier(收銀員)wasworking.Iwaitedwhiletheguyinfrontofmewasputtingallthe____22____groceriesbackintohisshoppingcart(購(gòu)物車).Hewasabouttoleavewhenheaskedifhecouldpushthecarttohis____23____aquartermileaway,unloaditandthen____24____it.Thecashierwasnewthereandwasnotsure.IsaidthatI’dbehappytogivehima____25____backhome.Then,weloadedhisgroceriesintomycarandtalkedonthe____26____triptohislivingplace.Hehadjustmovedtothetownrecently,butlikeallofus,hewasfeelingthe____27____ofthehighcostofliving.Inoddedwithasighandhelpedhimunloadhisgroceriesbefore____28____backhome.Onmywayhome.Ithoughttomyself.“Thecostoflivingkeepsgoingup,butatleastthecostoflovingdoesn’t____29____.”Thatisthefunnythingaboutloving.Italmostcostsus_____30_____.Youmightthinkifyouspentyourlove_____31_____yourfamily,yourneighbors,yourfriends,andeventhe_____32_____youmeetinthestreet,soonerorlateryourlovewould_____33_____.Youmightthinksoonerorlateryour_____34_____likeyourwalletwouldbeempty._____35_____,lovedoesn’tworklikethat.Whenweshareourlove,wehaveevenmorelove.21.A.normal B.empty C.perfect D.messy22.A.bagged B.rotten C.deserted D.stolen23.A.bank B.hospital C.supermarket D.apartment24.A.purchase B.repair C.return D.deliver25.A.chance B.lift C.tip D.lesson26.A.endless B.familiar C.short D.rough27.A.pressure B.value C.flexibility D.pleasure28.A.climbing B.flying C.walking D.driving29.A.increase B.respond C.emerge D.remain30.A.something B.nothing C.anything D.everything31.A.replacing B.monitoring C.helping D.defeating32.A.strangers B.relatives C.roommates D.teachers33.A.goup B.comeout C.givein D.runout34.A.eye B.stomach C.heart D.mouth35.A.Suddenly B.Thankfully C.Unluckily D.Gradually【答案】21B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.C27.A28.D29.A30.B31.C32.A33.D34.C35.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者幫助一個(gè)雜貨店遇到的陌生人，把他送回家的故事?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這家小店幾乎空無(wú)一人，只有一個(gè)收銀員在工作。A.normal正常的，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的；B.empty空的；C.perfect完美的；D.messy凌亂的。根據(jù)句中“onlyonecashier(收銀員)wasworking.”可知，雜貨店里只有一個(gè)收銀員人，說(shuō)明人不多。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我前面的人正把所有袋裝的雜貨放回購(gòu)物車，我一直在等。A.bagged袋裝的；B.rotten腐爛的；C.deserted被遺棄的；D.stolen偷的。結(jié)合常識(shí)和句中“intohisshoppingcart”可知，雜貨店買的東西都會(huì)用袋子裝起來(lái)，再放到購(gòu)物車?yán)?。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他正要離開時(shí)，他問(wèn)是否可以把車推到四分之一英里外的公寓，卸下物品后，然后再把購(gòu)物車還回來(lái)。A.bank銀行；B.hospital醫(yī)院；C.supermarket超市；D.apartment公寓。根據(jù)下文“I’dbehappytogivehima5backhome.”可知，他想用購(gòu)物車把東西推回家，即公寓。故選D項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他正要離開時(shí)，他問(wèn)是否可以把車推到四分之一英里外的公寓，卸下物品后，然后再把購(gòu)物車還回來(lái)。A.purchase購(gòu)買；B.repair修理；C.return歸還；D.deliver運(yùn)送。根據(jù)句中“pushthecarttohis3aquartermileaway”可知，購(gòu)物車推到四分之一英里外的地方后，還要?dú)w還回來(lái)。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我說(shuō)我很樂(lè)意載他回家。A.chance機(jī)會(huì)；B.lift免費(fèi)搭車，搭便車；C.tip建議；D.lesson一節(jié)課。根據(jù)下文“Then,weloadedhisgroceriesintomycarandtalkedonthe6triptohislivingplace.”可知，作者讓他搭便車。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，我們把他的雜貨裝進(jìn)我的車?yán)?，并在去他住處的短途旅程中聊天。A.endless無(wú)止境的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.short短的；D.rough粗糙的。根據(jù)上文“pushthecarttohis3aquartermileaway”可知，他住的地方并不遠(yuǎn)，所以是短途旅程。故選C項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他最近剛搬到鎮(zhèn)上，但和我們所有人一樣，他也感受到了高昂生活成本帶來(lái)的壓力。A.pressure壓力；B.value價(jià)值；C.flexibility靈活性；D.pleasure快樂(lè)，滿足。根據(jù)句中“thehighcostofliving”可知，他感受到的是高昂生活成本帶來(lái)的壓力。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭，嘆了口氣，幫他卸下雜貨，然后開車回家。A.climbing攀登；B.flying飛行；C.walking步行；D.driving駕駛。根據(jù)上下可知，作者開車送他到家后，自己也要駛車回家。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：生活的成本一直在上漲，但至少愛的成本沒(méi)有增加。A.increase增長(zhǎng)；B.respond回答；C.emerge出現(xiàn)；D.remain留下。根據(jù)連詞but可知，上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，上文說(shuō)生活的成本一直在增加，所以下文講愛的成本沒(méi)有增加。故選A項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：它幾乎不需要花費(fèi)什么。A.something某事；B.nothing沒(méi)有什么；C.anything任何事物；D.everything每件事物。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ovedoesn’tworklikethat.Whenweshareourlove,wehaveevenmorelove.”可知，愛是沒(méi)有無(wú)限的，不需要花費(fèi)什么。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你可能會(huì)想，如果你把你的愛花在幫助你的家人、你的鄰居、你的朋友，甚至是你在街上遇到的陌生人上，你的愛遲早會(huì)用完。A.replacing替代；B.monitoring替代；C.helping幫助；D.defeating戰(zhàn)勝。根據(jù)句中“spentyourlove”和“yourfamily,yourneighbors,yourfriends”可推知，愛就是幫助身邊的人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你可能會(huì)想，如果你把你的愛花在幫助你的家人、你的鄰居、你的朋友，甚至是你在街上遇到的陌生人上，你的愛遲早會(huì)用完。A.strangers陌生人；B.relatives親屬；C.roommates室友；D.teachers教師。根據(jù)句中“youmeetinthestreet”可知，文中說(shuō)的在街上遇到的陌生人。故選A項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：你可能會(huì)想，如果你把你的愛花在幫助你的家人、你的鄰居、你的朋友，甚至是你在街上遇到的陌生人上，你的愛遲早會(huì)用完。A.goup上升；B.comeout出現(xiàn)；C.givein屈服；D.runout用完。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ikeyourwalletwouldbeempty”可知，我們一般會(huì)認(rèn)為愛像錢包一樣，會(huì)花光用完。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為遲早你的心會(huì)像你的錢包一樣是空的。A.eye眼睛；B.stomach胃；C.heart心；D.mouth嘴。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，愛源于內(nèi)心。故選C項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：值得慶幸的是，愛情不是這樣的。A.Suddenly突然地；B.Thankfully感謝地；C.Unluckily不幸地；D.Gradually逐漸地。根據(jù)下文“Whenweshareourlove,wehaveevenmorelove.”可知，愛是用不盡的，所以這是值得慶幸的事情。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WithSilkRoad-themedmusicperformedbymusicians,agrandartexhibitiontitledSilkRoad:Artists’RendezvouskickedoffattheNationalArtMuseumofChinaindowntownBeijingontheafternoonofAugust15,____36____(attract)about40foreigndiplomatsandrepresentativesfromseve