中國傳統(tǒng)文化京劇介紹課件高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)

BeijingOpera5.TheCostumes4.TheMusic3.TheRepertoire2.FourMainCharacters1.WhatIsBeijingOpera?6.FacialMake-up

7.FamousBeijingOperaPlayers8.TheHistoryofBeijingOpera1.WhatIsBeijingOpera?oneoftheclassicartformsofimperialChinaasfarbackasthemidQingDynastyasynthesisofstylizedaction,singing,dialogue,mime,acrobaticfightinganddancing2.FourMainCharactersSheng(生)-MaleRoleDan(旦)-FemaleRoleJing(凈)-PaintedFaceMaleChou(丑)-TheComedyRoleAnyroleinthesecategoriesorsub-categoriescanbetheleadingroleinaplay.Exceptthesecondcategory-Dan(旦),theotherthreecategoriesareformalecharacters.老生武生小生青衣刀馬旦老旦花旦正凈副凈武凈副凈：也稱“二面”或“架子花”，多表現(xiàn)性格豪爽者，如張飛、李逵等，或奸邪佞幸者，如曹操、趙高等。

ThefeatureofChoucharactersaresimilarwithclowninwesterndrama,theyareusuallyquickandtalkative.文丑武丑茶衣丑3.TheRepertoireThetraditionaloperasconsistofmainlytalesofprecedingdynasties,importanthistoricalevents,emperorsandempresses,ministersandgenerals,geniusesandgreatbeauties.TheyrepresentstoriesfromtheancienttimestoYao,Shun,Yu,theSpringandAutumnPeriod,theWarringStatesPeriodandthedynastiesofQin,Han,Sui,Tang,Song,Yuan,Ming,Qing.OrphanofZhaoFamily

趙氏孤兒FifteenStringsofCoppers

十五貫TheRuseofEmptyCity

空城計StoryoftheWhiteSnake

白蛇傳TheDrunkenConcubine

貴妃醉酒Unicorn-TrappingPurse

鎖麟囊4.TheMusicbeclassifiedintotwogroups:"Xipi"and"erhong."Theperformanceisaccompaniedbyatuneplayedonwindinstruments,percussioninstruments,andstringedinstruments.Thechiefmusicalinstrumentsbeingjinghu(atwo-stringedbowedinstrumentwithahighregister),yueqin(afour-stringedpluckedinstrumentwithafull-moon-shapedsoundbox),Sanxian(athree-stringedpluckedinstrument),Suonahorn,flutedrum,big-gong,cymbals,small-gong,etc.5.TheCostumesgraceful,elegant,andbrilliantincoloranddesignmadeusinghandsewingandembroideryofahighaestheticvalue蟒

boa[′b?u?]PekingOperacostumes京劇服飾衣

clothes

帔

short

embroidered

cape[im′brэid?d]褶

casualclothes

靠

armour[′a:m?]6.FacialMake-upColouroftypesfacialmakeupinopera紅臉的關(guān)公戰(zhàn)場沙Red:positivemeanings,symbolizingloyal,brave,faithful,andwisemen.GuanYuforexample.Blueorgreen:neutralmeaningssymbolizingtheheroofthebush,withtheformeralsorepresentingstrengthandintrepidity.綠臉的魔鬼斗夜叉Black:neutralmeanings,symbolizingjustcriticized(剛烈)

brave,bintegrity(正直)andevenreckless(魯莽),

however,theycanalsorepresentuprightness(正直、誠實).黑臉的張飛叫喳喳Yellow:viciousbrutality,suchasDianWei.黃臉的典韋White:negativemeanings.treacherous,insidious奸詐andcraftymen,suchasCaoCao.白臉的曹操Purple:positive,wisdomandbravery.紫色的天王托寶塔Goldandsilver:mysteriousness,monstersorgods.金色的猴王銀色的妖怪7.FamousBeijingOperaPlayers梅蘭芳程硯秋荀慧生尚小云8.TheHistoryofBeijingOperaahistoryofnearly200years55thyearofthereignofEmperorQianlongoftheQingDynasty(1790),fourbigoperatroupesfromAnhuiProvinceenteredthecapitalandcombinedwithKunquopera,Yiyangopera,HanjuoperaandLuantantocreatewhatwenowknowasBeijingOpera.OveraperiodofmorethanhalfacenturyofcombinationandintegrationofvariouskindsofoperathereevolvedthepresentBeijingOpera.Asthestorygoes,

EmperorQianlongoftheQingDynasty(1636AD-1912AD)became1_________(interest)inthelocaldramaduringhisinspectionoftheSouthernChinaindisguise(偽裝）．Tocelebratehis80thbirthdayin

1790,

he2_________(order)operagroupsfromdifferent3_________(area)ofChinatoperformforhiminBeijing.Afterthecelebration,fourfamousgroupsfromAnhuiprovincewereaskedtostay,foraudienceswereparticularlysatisfied4_________theirbeautifulmelodies(旋律），colorfulcostumesandinterestingfacialmakeup.5_________（gradual)itreplacedKunquopera,whichhadbeenpopularinthepalaceandamongtheupperranksinBeijing.Later,somegroupsfromHubeiprovincecametoBeijing6_________oftenperformedtogetherwiththeAnhuigroups.Thetwotypesofsingingblendedon7_________samestageandgavebirthtoanewtype8_________wasknownasBeijingopera.Beijingoperaabsorbedvariouselementsofitsforerunners,suchassinging,dancingandacrobatics(雜技），andadapted9_________（it)inlanguageandstyleofsingingtocatertoBeijingaudiences.Withtime10_________（go)by,itspreadalloverthecountry,becomingthemostpopulardramainChina.Furthermore,BeijingoperahasinfluencedChinesedramagreatly.interestedorderedareaswithGraduallyandthewhich/thatitselfgoingPekingOpera,alsoknownasjingjuinChinese,

1

(list)asanIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanitybyUNESCOin2010.PekingOperaisapurelyChineseoperaform

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(date)backto1790,whenthefamousFourOperaTroupesfirstcametoBeijinganditbeganto

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(formal)takeshapeinabout1840.ApopularChinesesayingsumsupthestricttrainingrequiredforPekingOpera:“Oneminuteof

4

(perform)requires10yearsofpractice”.ThehighlystylizedancientChineseartform,

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ahistoryofmorethan200years,

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(combine)music,dance,drama,andmartialarts.“Manyteenagersare

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(familiar)withpopmusic,moviesandcomputergamesthanthestudentsattheBeijingOp