英語必修 詞匯、短語、句型總復習全

重要詞組Book1Unit1addup把加起來addupto總計共達addto=increase增加addAtoB把A加到B上⑴__________6，7and8andyou’llget21.⑵Thestreetlights____________thebeautyofthecity.⑶ThenumberofpeoplewhosawthefilminChina______________about25million.2.fallinlovewith愛上(動作，不可與時間段連用)beinlovewith相愛(狀態(tài)，可與時間段連用)⑴Myfriendhas_________________abeautifulgirl.⑵Hebrokeupwithhisgirlfriend，who____________________himfor3years.3.inorderto(do)為了(可位于句首)soasto(do)為了(不能位于句首)inorderthat(＋從句)為了(可位于句首)sothat(＋從句)為了，結(jié)果(不能位于句首)⑴______________________________achievehisgoal，hestartedtoworkveryhard.⑵Sherepeatedtheinstructionsslowly____________________wecouldunderstand.⑶Myfatherworkshard_______________________________supportus.⑷Heleftquietly___________________wakeus.⑸Nothingmorewasheardfromhim_______________webegantowonderifhewasdead.4.be/gettiredof對……厭煩⑴Hewastiredof________(do)thesameworkeveryday.5.gothrough經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受他一生中經(jīng)受過多次嚴峻的考驗。Hehas_______________manyseveretestsduringhislifetime.6.getalong/onwith與……相處；在……(方面的)進展⑵Hedoeswellinhisstudies.Besideshe__________________________(和同學相處融洽).7.onpurpose故意⑴Sheclosedthedoor____________.8.joinin參加；加入joininsth.參加/加入做某事joinsb.(insth./doingsth.)和某人一起做某事jointhearmy/theparty/theclub/theleague入伍參軍/入黨/加入俱樂部/入團takepartin參加(某項活動、比賽、辯論等)attend(school/themeeting)上學，出席(會議)1.Hestaredatthemwithout__________theconversation.2.Ifyou__________theclub，youhavetoobeyitsrules.3.Andwhat’smore，sheisgoingto_____usinaninformaldiscussiontomorrowevening.4.Weall__________theracethatday.5.I’mhereto_______aconference.9.setdown記下(=writedown);放下(=putdown)⑴Afterhe_________(記下)myname，themanletmein.10.facetoface面對面地face-to-faceadj.面對面的⑴Iwantto__________________________________________________(面談).翻譯下列短語：1.(使)平靜下來________________2.不得不；必須_____________________3.經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受________________4.記下，放下，登記________________5.遭受，患病_________________6.將……打包_______________________7.關(guān)心，掛念___________________8.對……厭煩_______________________9.與……相處；進展_____________10.相愛，愛上_______________________11.一系列___________________12.故意的_________________________13.在黃昏___________________14.為了_________________________15.面對面_____________________16.加入，參加_____________________17.平靜地生活__________________18.不再___________________________重點句型While/when/before/after+doing做時間狀語強調(diào)句型：Itis/was+被強調(diào)部分+that/who(人)注意：被強調(diào)部分不能是謂語動詞(注意疑問句、特殊疑問句)句型：Itisthefirst/second/third.../lasttimethat+從句（現(xiàn)在完成時）Itwasthefirst/second/third.../lasttimethat+從句（過去完成時）sb.happentodo=ithappensthat...“碰巧”Eg：Ihappenedtobeupstairsatduskwhenthewindowwasopen.=IthappenedthatIwasupstairsatduskwhenthewindowwasopen.not...until...直到...才...Itis/wasnotuntil....that+從句直到...才....Eg:Hedidnotgotosleepuntilhisfathercameback.Itwasnotuntilhisfathercamebackthathewenttosleep.Book1unit2comeup走近；上來；提出[典例]1).Thelittlecameuptothestrangerandshowedhimhowtogettothepolicestation.小男孩向陌生人走去，并告訴他去警察局的路。2).Wewon’tforgetthedaywhenwewatchedthesuncomeupontopoftheTaiMountain.我們不會忘記那天我們一塊在泰山頂看日出。3).Itiscertainthatthequestionwillcomeupatthemeeting.這個問題在會議上一定會被提出來的。4).Thesnowdropsarejustbeginningtocomeup.雪蓮花剛剛開始長出地面。5).Iamafraidsomethingurgenthascomeup.恐怕發(fā)生了什么急事。[短語歸納]comeacross邂逅 comeabout發(fā)生comeat向…撲來,攻擊 comefrom來自comeout出版;開花；結(jié)果是 comeupwith想出comeround繞道而來 comedown落下,塌下[練習]用come構(gòu)成的詞組填空。1).Thehunterwalkedacrosstheforestwhensuddenlyabear_______him.2).Themagazine__________onceamonth.3).Iwishyoucan___________toEnglandonyourholiday.4).Theengineershas______________newwaysofsavingenergy.5).They___________anoldschoolfriendinthestreetthismorning.makeuseof利用；使用 [典例]1).YououghttomakegooduseofanyopportunitytopracticeEnglish.你應該好好利用機會練習英語。[短語歸納]makegooduseof好好利用 makefulluseof充分利用makethebest/mostof充分利用[練習]1).要充分利用一切機會說英語。_____________________________________________________________________2).我們要很好地發(fā)揮她的才能。_____________________________________________________________________3.suchas例如；像這種的[典例]1).SuchpoetsasKeatsandShelleywroteRomanticpoetry.有些詩人,如濟慈和雪萊,寫的是浪漫主義的詩歌2).Wildflowerssuchasorchidsandprimrosesarebecomingrare.蘭花和報春花之類的野花越來越少了[練習]用suchas或forexample填空1).Ilikedrinks__________teaandsoda.2).Thereportisincomplete;itdoesn’tincludesalesinFrance,________.4.playapart(in)扮演一個角色；參與[典例]1).Sheplaysanactivepartinlocalpolitics.她積極參與地方政治活動。2).Sheplayedamajorpartinthesuccessofthescheme.她對該計劃的成功起了重要作用。[短語歸納]takepart(insth)參加,參與（某事物thebestpartofsth（某事物的）絕大部分（尤指一段時間）:forthemostpart整體上;通常;多半formypart就我來說[練習]中譯英1).有多少國家要參加（世界杯賽）？_______________________________________________________________________________2).對我來說,到哪兒吃飯都無所謂。_______________________________________________________________________________becauseof因為；由于[典例]1).Theyareherebecauseofus.他們是因為我們來這里的。[短語歸納]becauseof是復合介詞。because是從屬連詞，引導原因狀語從句。[練習]中譯英1).因為腿受傷了，他走得很慢。__________________________________________________________________________2).因為錯過了公共汽車，我們只好步行回家。__________________________________________________________________________重點句型evenif=eventhough即使，盡管引導讓步狀語從句Eg:Evenif/Eventhoughheworksninehoursaday,hestillcan'tfinishhistask.thaneverbefore常與比較級連用，意為“比以往任何時候更”。Thestarswereshiningbrightlyinthedarksky,andthenightwasmorebeautifulthaneverbefore.繁星點綴在夜空里，夜晚比以往更美。Book1unit31.careabout關(guān)心；憂慮；惦念運用：根據(jù)漢語意思，完成英文句子。(1)難道你不為國家前途擔憂嗎?Don’tyoucareaboutyourcountry'sfuture?(2)你的朋友這么做是因為他們關(guān)心你。Yourfriendsareonlydoingthisbecausetheycareaboutyou.聯(lián)想：(1)carefor照料，喜歡(2)takecare保重(3)takecareof照顧(=lookafter)2.givein(tosborsth)(向……)投降；屈服；讓步運用：根據(jù)漢語意思，完成英文句子。(1)他寧死不屈。Hewouldratherdiethangivein.(2)你不要遷就于他。Youmustn’tgiveintohim.(3)請在下課時把練習本交上來。Pleasegiveinyourexercisebooksattheendofthelesson.聯(lián)想：根據(jù)漢語意思填上合適的詞(1)giveaway泄露，贈送(2)giveoff放出(光、熱、氣味等)(3)giveout用完，耗盡(無被動語態(tài))(4)giveup放棄(5)giveback歸還3.changeone’smind改變注意運用：根據(jù)漢語意思，完成英文句子。(1)他改變了主意，這使我很生氣。Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.(2)老師很堅決，不改變主意。Theteacherwasfirmanddidnotchangehismind.聯(lián)想：(1)makeupone’smind決定做某事(2)readone’smind看出某人的心思(3)speakone’smind直言不諱(4)keepsth.inmind記住4.eversince自從；從那以后用法:(1)eversince一般可用于句首，表示“自從……直到現(xiàn)在”。主句用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時，從句用一般過去時。(2)eversince可用于句末，表示從在上文有所交代或是聽話者知道的那個時間起一直到現(xiàn)在，即“從那時起，一直到現(xiàn)在”。常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用?！鲞\用：根據(jù)漢語意思，完成英文句子。(1)自從離開學校，他就一直在這家公司工作。___________________________________________________________________________(2)她十年前畢業(yè),從那時起便一直當護士。___________________________________________________________________________(3)Mr.Read三年前來中國，從那時起他就一直居住在中國___________________________________________________________________________重要句型1.insiston/uponsth./(sb’s)doing堅持某事/要求（某人）做某事Eg:Motherinsistedonourwashingtheclothesbyourselves.insistthatsb.(should)dosth.堅持要求（主張）（虛擬語氣）Eg：Sheinsistedthatshe(should)organizethetripproperly.用于虛擬語氣的動詞：一堅持insist二命令commandorder三建議suggestadvisepropose四要求demandaskrequirerequest2.preferdoingAtodoingB A與B比更喜歡做A prefer(sb.)todo(ratherthando)寧愿做...而不愿做....preferthat-clause(虛擬語氣)Eg：Ratherthantakeacrowdedbus,healwayspreferstorideabicycle.Ipreferreadingbookstodoingsports.Wouldyoupreferthatweputoffourweddingtillnextmouth?Book1unit41.rightaway立刻，馬上[典例]1).I’llreturnthebooktoyourightaway.我會馬上還書給你。2).Ifwarbreaksout,weshallbecalleduprightaway.如果戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)，我們將立即被征召服役。[短語歸納]“立刻，馬上”的表達方式：rightaway，rightnow，atonce，immediately，innotime2.atanend結(jié)束，終結(jié)（=finished）[典例]1).Thewarwasfinallyatanend.戰(zhàn)爭終于結(jié)束了。[短語歸納]與end搭配的常用短語attheendof在……末尾 bytheendof在……末為止intheend最后，終于 atalooseend無所事事，處于雜亂狀態(tài)makeendsmeet收支相抵[練習]用attheendof,bytheendof和intheend填空。1).HowmanyEnglishwordshaveyoulearned____________lastterm?2).Hebecameanoutstandingdoctor___________.3).MyunclewillflytoChina_________thisyear.3.insteadof代替，而不是[典例]1).TheChineseusechopsticksinsteadofknivesandforks.中國人不用刀叉,用筷子。2).Insteadofworking,Jackwasidlingawayhistime.杰克不去工作,虛度著光陰。3).ShedecidedtoleavehereonSundayinsteadofMonday.她決定星期日而不是星期一離開這里。[短語歸納]instead是副詞，單獨使用，用于句首或句末作狀語，意為“代替；相反”。insteadof是復合介詞，后接名詞、代詞、或動名詞，其后面的動作，意為“代替、而不……”。inplaceof為介詞短語，也是“代替、而不”的意思，表“以甲代乙”，不含比，而insteadof則是“用甲不用乙”，除“代替”外，還有對乙作否定的意思，有時意為“不”。taketheplaceof作謂語，用在名詞、代詞前。[練習]單項選擇。1).Tractors_____________horsesinmanyplaces.A.inplaceofB.havetakentheplaceofC.insteadD.insteadof2).Youshouldbeoutplaying___________workingindoorsallday.A.inspiteofB.taketheplaceofC.insteadD.insteadof4.tensofthousandsof數(shù)以萬計的[典例]1).Tensofthousandsofpeoplewerewatchingthegameinthestadium.[短語歸納]hundredsof數(shù)百的 hundredsofandthousandsof成百上千的thousandsof數(shù)千的 millionsof數(shù)百萬的dozensof許多；大量 scoresof許多；大量[練習]選擇填空1).Everyyear________foreignvisitorscometoChina.A.tensofthousandsof B.tenthousandsofC.overtenthousands D.thousandsuponthousands2).Therewere____________peopleinthehall.A.twoscoresof B.scoresofC.twoandscore D.twoscores重點句型Itseemedasif/that…似乎；好像Eg:Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日！Itseemedasifnothinghadhappened.好像什么事也沒有發(fā)生過似的。2.all…not=notall…并非都/并非一切……注意：表示“全體”意義的代詞、副詞或形容“all,both,every,everybody,always”等和否定副詞not連用時表部分否定,而“none,neither,nobody,nothing”等表完全否定。Eg:Everystudentisnotanexcellentstudent.不是每個學生都是優(yōu)等生。Notalloftheantsgooutforthefood.并非所有的螞蟻出去覓食。Wecouldn’teatinarestaurantbecausenoneofushadmoneyon/withus.我們不能在餐館吃因為我們大家身上都沒帶錢。Book1unit51.beinprison在獄中，被監(jiān)禁[典例]1).Hefoughtfortheblackpeopleandwasinprisonforthirtyyears.[短語歸納]put…inprison=send…toprison=throw…intoprison把……投入監(jiān)獄[練習]用be,put,send,throw的恰當形式填空。1).Thelawyerfinallythemurdererintoprison.2).Therobberinprisonforseveralyears.3).Thethiefbeggedtheguardfornothimtoprison.4).Lastyear,themaninprisonforstealingacar.2.outofwork失業(yè),出問題[典例]1).Jimhasbeenoutofworkforseveralmonths.吉姆已經(jīng)失業(yè)幾個月了。2).Mary’scellphonehasbeenoutofworkforseveraldays,whichbroughtheralotofinconvenience.瑪麗的手機壞了好幾天了，這給她帶來了很多不便。[短語歸納]inwork有工作outofbreath 上氣不接下氣 outofpatience不耐煩outofuse沒用了 outofdate過時outoforder次序顛倒；出故障outofcontrol失控 outofdanger脫離危險 outofshape變形Outofsight,outofmind.眼不見,心不煩。[練習]用適當?shù)慕樵~（短語）填空。1).Althoughmycomputerisdatenow,butit’sstilluse.2).Afterfours’operation,thepatienthasbeendanger.3.loseheart喪失勇氣或信心[典例]1).Hefailedmanytimes,buthedidn’tloseheart.他失敗了許多次，但他并沒有失去信心。2).Nomatterwhatyoudo,neverloseheart.不管你做什么，千萬不要失去信心。[短語歸納]loseone'sjob失業(yè) loseone'sbalance失去平衡loseone'sbreath上氣不接下氣loseone'sheart(tosb/sth)愛上loseone'slife喪生;遇害 loseface丟臉;受屈辱[練習]中譯英1).不要失去信心，一切都會好起來的。________________________________________________________2).她喜歡上了一位年輕士兵。_________________________________________________________________重要句型Thetimewhen………的時間（時候）……Eg：TellmethetimewhentheWinterOlympicGamesbegan.告訴我冬奧會是什么時候開始的。倒裝句：1.由only引導的倒裝句。“only+狀語（副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句）”放在句首，用部分倒裝。倒裝于主語之前的動詞僅限于“be動詞，情態(tài)動詞，助動詞do，does,did,have/has/had”等特殊動詞。句型結(jié)構(gòu)：“only+狀語(副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句)+be動詞/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞+主語+其它”Eg:IknewtheeffectivewaytolearnEnglishwellonlyatthatmoment.OnlyatthatmomentdidIknowtheeffectivewaytolearnEnglishwell.2.否定詞或部分否定詞放句首時如nor，neither,notonly,也用部分倒裝。3.so+adj./adv放在句首，也用部分倒裝。Book2unit1insearchof尋找(tryingtofind)(短語介詞)thesearchfor尋找(名詞短語)searchfor尋找(短語動詞)search+某人或某地+for為找到……而搜查某地或搜某人的身(1)我到處尋找我的眼鏡。Ilookedeverywhere_________________myglasses.(2)父母到處找孩子，但沒有找到。Theparents_________________theirchildhereandthere,buttheydidn’tfindhim.(3)這對夫婦為了找到他們丟失的小孩找遍了整條街。Thecouple_________thewholestreet_______theirlostchild.belongto屬于;為……的一員。注意：(1)只用于主動語態(tài)，不能用于被動語態(tài)；(2)只用于一般時態(tài)，不用于進行時態(tài)。(3)千萬不要受漢語“屬于某人的”的影響，而在belongto后誤接表示“某人的”的物主代詞或者名詞的所有格，應當接賓格或者直接接名詞。例：(1)這輛自行車是他的Thebikebelongstohim（接賓格）練習：他是高爾夫球(golf)俱樂部的會員。He___________________________.3.inreturn作為報答；回報(adv.)inturn依次地，輪流地(adv.)運用：用inreturn或inturn填空。(1)Thestudentscleantheclassroomeveryday____________.(2)Isenthimapresent____________forhishelp.(3)Theteacherhelpedallthechildren___________________.(4)Hewasalwaysreadytohelpothers,____________,hewaslikedbyeveryone.4.atwar處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)Thetwocountriesareatwar.兩國還在交戰(zhàn)。說明：“at＋某些名詞”表示“處于某種狀態(tài)”，又如atwork(在工作),atrisk(在危險中)。5.lessthan少于less…than…不如(1)他們中大多數(shù)不到30歲。Mostofthemare_______________.(2)他不如她高。Heisnotsotallassheis.=Heis_____________sheis.takeapart拆卸，拆開翻譯：機器已被拆開。_____________________________________________________________________7.thinkhighlyof(=haveagood/highopinionof)看重，對……評價很高(1)我們對我們的老師評價很高。We________________________________.聯(lián)想：thinkmuchof重視thinklittleof不重視thinkwellof對……看法好thinkbadlyof對……印象不好重點句型Thisis/wasatimewhen…正值是……的時期注意：when引導定語從句，atime是先行詞，表示“一個階段（時期）”，this可以改換成that,there。Eg:Thisisatimewhencollegegraduatesarebusyhuntingforjobs.這正是大學生忙著找工作的時候.doubt用作動詞，在肯定句中，其后通常接whether,if引導的賓語從句，doubtwhether/if:Eg:Idoubtif/whetherwewillwinthegame.我懷疑我們能否能取得勝利。在否定句或疑問句中通常接that從句,that引導同位語從句，that不可省略。Thereisnodoubtthat+從句Eg:Thereisnodoubtthatwewillbesuccessful.毫無疑問我們會成功的。情態(tài)動詞+havedone(對過去發(fā)生的事實的推測）情態(tài)動詞not+havedone(對過去發(fā)生的事實的否定推測)book2unit21.standfor(不用于被動)代表(represent)，象征；是……的縮寫，支持(support)運用：寫出下列句中standfor的不同意思。WHOstandsforWorldHealthOrganization.Theolivebranchstandsforpeace.(3)Noonestandsforhispointofview.2.aswellas也，又，還；和……一樣好⑴Englishaswellasmanyothersubjects,______(be)ofgreatimportance.=NotonlyEnglishbutalsoothersubjects______(be)ofgreatimportance.oneafteranother陸續(xù)地；一個接一個地翻譯:學生一個接一個地走出了教室。__________________________________________incharge看管；主管inchargeof負責……；主管……in/underthechargeof由……主管/負責undersb’scharge在某人照看下takechargeof掌管，負責，承擔.⑴Hewasleft_____________thecompanywhilethemanagerwasaway.⑵Thehotel_______180yuananight.(3)Whois__________here?(4)Theoperationis_________________ProfessorLi.5.usedtodo過去常常做beusedtodoing習慣于做某事beusedtodo=beusedfordoingsth.被用來做……他過去常常打籃球，但現(xiàn)在卻習慣于打羽毛球。__________________________________________________________________________重點句型asmuch...as....跟....到同一程度Eg:Itisasmuchourresponsibilityasyours.類似的有：as+adj.+a/an+n+as...Eg:Idon'twantasexpensiveacarasthis.我不要這么貴的車。getmarried（tosb.）（和某人）結(jié)婚表示延續(xù)時，只能使用被動語態(tài)。Eg：Theyhavebeenmarriedforamonth.他們已經(jīng)結(jié)婚一個月了。Book2unit31.asaresult結(jié)果(短語副詞，不能接任何詞，前后常有標點)asaresultof由于……的結(jié)果(短語介詞，后面接名詞或代詞)resultfrom(接原因)因……而……resultin(接結(jié)果)導致他工作努力，因此被大家表揚。Heworkshard，and____________，heispraisedbyall.由于飛行員罷工，所有的航班都被迫取消。____________thepilots’strike，allflightshavehadtobecancelled.2.so+adj./adv.＋that...如此……以致于……so+adj.+a+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋that...somany/much(多)/few/little(少)+名詞+that...她很和藹，我們都喜歡她。Sheis___________wealllikeher.⑵她是一位非常和藹的老師，我們都喜歡她。Sheis___________teacherthatwealllikeher.=Sheissuchakindteacherthatwealllikeher.(3)食物太多了，我們吃不完。Therewas______________thatwecouldn’teatitall.3.withthehelpof在……的幫助下⑴在一位警察的幫助下，我最終找到了他的房子。Ifoundhishouse__________________________.dealwith處理，涉及，對付辨析：dealwith與dowithdowith中的do是及物動詞，表示如何“處置”，常與what連用，what是do的賓語；而dealwith中的deal是不及物動詞，表示如何應付或安排什么，常用how，how是dealwith的狀語。請比較：Whatdoyouproposetodowiththeletter?Haveyouanysuggestionsonhowtodealwiththesedifficulties?watchover看守；監(jiān)視；照看watchout(for)當心；注意watchforsb./sth.觀察等待⑴他們等待著進一步的發(fā)展。Theyare____________furtherdevelopments.⑵小心!汽車來了。_____________!There’sacarcoming.⑶我去游泳，你幫我看一下衣服好嗎?Willyou___________myclotheswhileIhaveaswim?6.ina/oneway,insomeways在某種程度上，從某種意義上說intheway造成阻礙bytheway順便說一下onone’swayto在去……的路上⑴從某種程度上說，我很喜歡這本新教材。___________，Ilikethisnewtextbookverymuch.(2)看來你的自行車擋著道了。I’mafraidyourbikeis_____________.重要句型1.by+過去時間，句子用過去完成時；by+將來時間，句子用將來完成時；Eg:Bytheendoflastmonth,wehadlearned2,000words.Bytheendofnextmonth,wewillhavelearned2,000words.2.so+adj.／adv.+thatclause（so后跟形容詞或副詞）:Eg:Herunssofastthatnobodycancatchupwithhim.

Heissogoodthateverybodylovesandrespectshim.so+adj+a/an+n+that:Eg:Heissogoodadoctorthateverybodylovesandrespectshim.such(a／an)+adj.+n．+thatclause（such后跟名詞）Eg:Heissuchagooddoctorthateverybodylovesandrespectshim.somany/few/much/little+n.ThatEg:Hehadsolittleconfidenceinhimselfthathefinallygaveup.Book2unit4dieout滅絕；逐漸消失2.indanger(of)在危險中;垂危outofdanger脫離危險(1)Heisindanger___________hisjobifhegoesonlikethis.他再這樣下去會丟掉工作的危險。(2)Thesickman’slifehadbeen_________,butnowhewas_____________.病人的生命曾處于危險之中，現(xiàn)在已脫離危險。3.burstintolaughter突然笑起來burstinto+n.=burstoutdoing突然……起來(尤指哭、笑、唱等)。如：(1)burstintolaughter=burstoutlaughing突然笑起來(2)burstintotears=burstoutcrying突然哭起來(3)burstintosong=burstoutsinging突然唱起來完成下列句子：(1)當我說這笑話時每個人都忍不住笑出來。WhenItoldthejokeeveryoneburst________________________________________.(2)他突然無緣無故地大哭起來。弄得大家不知所措。Heburst_________________________fornoreason,leavingallofusatatect…from…保護……不受……(危害)keep…fromstop…from阻止…不受prevent…from翻譯下列短語。1.結(jié)果________________________2.滅絕_______________________3.與……和睦相處______________4.在危險中__________________5._保護……不受(傷害)___________6.注意_______________________7.形成；產(chǎn)生____________________8.過去常常__________________9.穿上衣服___________________10.按照，根據(jù)……所說___________11.飛走________________________12.帶回______________________13.從…消失____________________14.轉(zhuǎn)身_____________________15.如釋重負_____________________16.與…相比________________17.突然大笑___________________18.以至于，為了________________重要句型Ittakes/is+時間+before…過了一段時間才…Eg:Ittookseveralmonthsbeforethefinancialcrisiscametoanend.過了幾個月經(jīng)濟危機(crisis)才結(jié)束。感嘆句：What+n+主語+謂語！Eg:Whatatallboyheis!他是多么高的一個男孩??！Whatcleverstudentstheyare!他們是多么聰明的學生??！How+adj./adv.+主語+謂語！Eg:Howbeautifulourschoolis!我們的學校多美麗?。o…,no… 沒有……就沒有……Eg:Nopains,nogains.沒付出就沒有回報。4.抽煙對人們的身體健康有害。Eg:Smokingdoesharmtopeople’shealth.Smokingisharmfultopeople’shealth.5.他成功通過了考試。Eg：Hesucceededinpassingthetest.Hewassuccessfulinpassingthetest.Book2unit5breakup打碎，分裂，解體breakaway(from)掙脫，脫離breakdown(機器)損壞；破壞breakout突發(fā)；爆發(fā)翻譯下列短語。1.夢見、夢想_____________________2.老實說_________________________3.戲弄，捉弄_____________________4.依賴，依靠_____________________5.對…熟悉_______________________6.為…所熟悉_____________________7.想出___________________________8.謀生___________________________9.用現(xiàn)金_________________________10.此外，另外____________________11.大約___________________________12.分類________________________13.最重要的是_______________________重要句型1.主語+be+adj.+enough+todo某人/物足夠做某事Eg：Kitty很聰明，能夠做各種各樣的風箏。Kittyiscleverenoughtomakeallkindsofkites.inadditionadv.另外，相當于also/aswellas等。Eg:Jason有一對雙胞胎女兒，另外還有和前妻的一個孩子。Jasonhastwindaughters.Inaddition,hehasanotherchildbyhisfirstwife.Inadditionto加于.......之上，除了......之外有.。相當于besides。Eg：Inadditiontoteaching,sheworksasanurseintheholidays.除了教書，她在假期里還做護士。3.It'shonestofsb.todosth.=sb.ishonesttodosth.某人做某事是誠實的behonestwithsb/behonestaboutsth/behonestin(doing)sth對...老實，誠懇限制性定語從句關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞：who,whomwhich,that,whose1.who/whom指人,在從句中分別作主語和賓語TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.（主語）Thisistheboy(whom/who)yousawjustnow.（賓語）2.Which指物,在定語從句中做主語或賓語,做賓語可省略Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidn’tneedmuchwater.(主語)Thefishwhichweboughtwerenotfresh.(賓語)3.that指人或物，在從句中做主語或賓語,作賓語時可以省略。Thehouse(that)I’mgoingtobuyfacessouth.(指物,做從句賓語)Idon’tknowthemanwhocameintotheroom(指人,做從句主語)4.whose指人或物,在從句中作定語；若指物，也可用ofwhich.Sheisthegirlwhosemotherisadoctor.(whose指人，做定語)whosemother=themotherofwhomThisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.（指物，做定語）whosecover=thecoverofwhich只能用that做關(guān)系代詞的情況1. 當先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時Heisthefirststudentthatgetstoschooleveryday.ThisisthehighestbuildingthatIhaveeverseen.2.當先行詞是不定代詞時,如:all,few,little,much,every,something,anything,everything,none等AllthatIwantistohaveagoodrest.3當人和物合做先行詞時Theboyandhisdogthatliketoplaywitheachotherarebotheatingbreakfastnow.4.當先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,theright,等修飾時ThisistheverybookIamlookingfor.5.當先行詞被little,few,no,any,much,all,every等修飾時Alltheapplesthatfallfromthetreesareeatenbywildbears.6.在疑問詞who、which、what開頭的句子中Whoisthemanthatisstandingoverthere.關(guān)系副詞:when,where,why1.When:修飾的先行詞是表示時間的詞，如time,moment,month,day,year等,在定語從句中做時間狀語，可以由介詞＋關(guān)系代詞替代。Istillrememberthedayswhen/inwhichwestudiedtogether.注意：如果表示時間的先行詞在定語從句中不作時間狀語,而是作主語或賓語;定語從句不能由關(guān)系副詞when引導,而應由關(guān)系代詞that或which引導.Istillrememberthedays(which/that)wespenttogether.Iwillneverforgetthetimewhich/thatareunforgettableinmylifetime2.where:修飾的先行詞是表示地點的詞，如school,house,place,room,factory等，在定語從句中做地點狀語，可以由介詞＋關(guān)系代詞替代。Thisisthehousewhere/inwhichshewasborn.注意：如果表示地點的先行詞在定語從句中不做地點狀語,而是作主語或賓語;定語從句不能由關(guān)系副詞where引導,而應由關(guān)系代詞that或which引導.Thisisthehouse(which/that)heboughtlastyear.Theschoolwhich/thatisverylargebelongstolocalgovernment3.why:修飾先行詞reason，在定語從句中做原因狀語，可以由介詞＋關(guān)系代詞（forwhich）替代。Thereasonwhy/forwhichheleftearlywasthathewasill.注意：如果先行詞reason在定語從句中不作原因狀語,而是作主語或賓語.定語從句不能由關(guān)系副詞why引導,而應由關(guān)系代詞that或which引導.Thereason(that/which)hegaveusforbeinglatewasacceptable.Thereasonthat/whichwasofferedbyhimwasunacceptable.介詞+關(guān)系代詞1.在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”中，先行詞指人時只能用whom;先行詞指物時只能用which.Thisistheboyforwhomwehavebeenwaiting.Sundayisaholidayonwhichpeopledonotgotowork.2.“介詞＋which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的確定（１）、根據(jù)從句中謂語動詞(形容詞)的搭配。ThisisthebookforwhichIpaidfive$.（2）、根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習慣IstillrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheparty.（3）根據(jù)從句中動詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?數(shù)詞/代詞/名詞/形容詞最高級+of+關(guān)系代詞”在非限制性定語從句中，要表示先行詞的一部分時，可用“數(shù)詞/代詞/名詞/形容詞最高級+of+關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，如：1.Inourfactorythereare800workers,40percentofwhomarewomen.2.Theoldmanhastwosons,bothofwhomaredoctors.3.Thecake,halfofwhichwaseaten,wasboughtforLily’sbirthday.4.Shehassixchildren,thecleverestofwhomisJohn.練習1．Footballisaveryinterestinggame,___________isplayedallovertheworld．A．thatB．whichC．itD．who2．Isthereanythingelse____________yourequire?A．whichB．thatC．whoD．what3．Thelastplace_____________wevisitedwastheGreatWall．A．whichB．thatC．whereD．it4．Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks____________interestedhimgreatlyintheschool．A．whichB．whoC．itD．that5．Therailwaytunnel,through_____________thetraingoes,willbecompletedsoon．A．whichB．thatC．itD．whom6．Hisuncleworksinafactory________________bicyclesaremade．A．thatB．whichC．whereD．there7．Thereisnodictionary____________youcanfindeverything．A．thatB．whichC．whereD．inthat8．Nextmonth,_________you’llspendinyourhometowniscoming．A．whichB．thatC．whenD．where9．Nextmonth,__________you’llbeinyourhometowniscoming．A．whichB．thatC．whenD．where10．Ioftenthoughtofmychildhood,___________Ilivedonafarm．A．whichB．whereC．whenD．who11．Hewantedtoknowthetime_____________heneededtoknow．A．thatB．whenC．whereD．what12．Thereisn’tsomuchnoiseinthecountry___________inbigcities．A．thatB．whichC．whereD．a(chǎn)s13．Theycouldonlyreadsuchstories__________hadbeenrewritteninsimpleEnglish．A．thatB．whichC．a(chǎn)sD．what14．Thestemsofbamboo______________arehollowmakesthemverylight．A．whichB．a(chǎn)sC．thatD．it15．Crusoe’sdogbecameillanddied,______________madehimverylonely．A．a(chǎn)sB．whichC．thatD．this16．They’veinvitedmetotheirparty,_______________iskindofthem．A．a(chǎn)sB．whichC．ThatD．this17．______________weknownow,batscomeoutonlyatnight．A．AsB．WhichC．ThatD．What18．Johngotbeateninthegame,_____________hadbeenexpected．A．a(chǎn)sB．thatC．whatD．who19．____________hasbeensaidabove,grammarisasetofdeadrules．A．WhichB．WhatC．ThatD．As20．Doyouknowthereason_____________hewaslate?A．thatB．whichC．forwhatD．forwhich21．Hebuiltatelescope______________hecouldstudytheskies．A．inwhichB．withthatC．throughwhichD．byit22．Ihaveboughttwoballpens,______________writeswell．A．noneofwhichB．neitherofwhichC．noneofthemD．neitherofthem23．Therearetwothousandstudentsinourschool,______________aregirls．A．twothirdsofwhomB．two-thirdsofthemC．two-thirdinthemD．two-thirdsinwhich24．Doyouknowtheman_______________?A．whomIspokeB．towhoIspokeC．IspoketoD．thatIspoke25．Thefactory_____________we’llvisitnextweekisn’tfarfromhere．A．whereB．inwhichC．which