河南省許昌市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題（含答案解析）

許昌市2023—2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測高一英語注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatfruitdoesthewomansuggest?A.Oranges.B.Bananas.C.Apples.2.Howwillthespeakersgotothepark?A.Bybike.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.3.Howdoesthegirlusuallygotoschool?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybike.4.Howfarawayisthenearesthospital?A.Threekilometers.B.Fourkilometers.C.Fivekilometers.5.Whichpartofthewoman’sbodyisinpain?.A.Herhead.B.Herarm.C.Herfoot.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhendidthewomangetanemailfromMary?A.Yesterday.B.Lastweek.C.Lastyear.7.WhatdoesMarydonow?A.Areporter.B.Alawyer.C.Ateacher.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.What’stheman’strouble?A.Hecan’tfallasleepatnight.B.Heistiredofhiswork.C.Hecoughsalotatnight.9.Howlonghasthemanbeenfeelingbad?A.Foroneday.B.Fortwodays.C.Forthreedays.10.Whatdoesthewomantellthemantodo?A.Changehisjob.B.Getmoreexercise.C.Drinksomemilkatnight.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atarestaurant.B.Attheman’shouse.C.Atthewoman’shome.12.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantostartwith?A.Sometea.B.Frenchtoast.C.Acupofcoffee.13.Howoftendoesthemanusuallyhavecoffee?A.Never.B.Onceaday.C.Twiceaday.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whodidtheboygotothezoowith?A.Hismother.B.Histeacher.C.Hisfriend’sfamily.15.Whatdidtheboydoonthebus?A.Heplayedgames.B.Helistenedtotheradio.C.Hewatchedvideosofanimals.16.Whatdidtheboyseefirst?A.Monkeys.B.Giraffes.C.Lions.17.Howmanylionswerethere?A.Five.B.Three.C.Two.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Wheredidthestoryhappen?AInacinema.B.Inalibrary.C.Inashop.19.Whywasthewomanangry?A.Themanwastalkingloudly.B.Shelostapieceofchocolate.C.Themanwasmakingnoise.20.Whatdidthemanreallywanttofind?A.Hisglasses.B.Histeeth.C.Hisseat.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATHEBOBBAKERMARIONETTESCOMETOYOU!Bookamarionette(牽線木偶)showtocometoyourbackyard,neighborhoodpark,school,orsimplyanywherethere’sfuntobehad!Forover55years,theBobBakerMarionettes(BBMT)havebeentakingtheirshowontheroad,andtheycan’twaittocometoYOU!Wehaveseveralchoicestosuitanysizecelebrationorevent.One-ManShow($350)·25-minuteperformance·Asingleperformerand12marionettesperformasetvarietyshowofendlessjoy!·SpaceRequired:10ft×15ftTwo-ManShow($650)·25-minuteperformance·Twoperformersand25marionetteshelpyoucreateamazingmemories!·Severalthemeoptions(主題選項):SomethingtoCrowAbout,TheCIRCUS,andHallowe’enSpOoKtAcUlAr!·SpaceRequired:15ft×20ftNotes:·Pleasemakeyourshowrequestatleast3weeksinadvance.·Forallshowoptions,thetravelfeeisincludedforthefirst25miles!Distancesover25milesfromourHighlandParklocationwillincur(帶來)anadditionaltravelfeeof$50flat.Allshowsareself-contained.Theshowisdonetoapre-recordedtape.We’llbringthespeakersystem;wejustaskforapoweroutlet(電源插座).Aftertheshow,weprideourselvesonshowingoffthehistoricandbeautifulmarionettes,andansweringquestionsfromouraudience!ForBirthdayCelebrations,ourmarionetteswillbringagifttocelebratethebirthdayperson,andsing“HappyBirthday”alongwiththeaudience!READYTOBOOKABOBBAKERTRAVELINGSHOW?Pleasesendusamessage!1.Howmuchshouldpeoplepayforatwo-manshowperformed30milesfromBBMT?A.$350. B.$400. C.$650. D.$700.2.WhatshouldpeoplepreparetoenjoyaBobBakertravelingshow?A.Asquareroom. B.Apoweroutlet.C.Ataperecorder. D.Aspeakersystem.3.Whatcanabirthdaypersondoathisbirthdaycelebrations?A.Tryoutthemarionettes.B.Singwiththemarionettes.C.Getapresentfromthemarionettes.D.Choosehisfavoritemarionettestoperform.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹預(yù)定木偶表演需要知道的信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Two-ManShow($650)部分“Two-ManShow($650)(雙人表演（650美元）)”和Notes部分“Forallshowoptions,thetravelfeeisincludedforthefirst25miles!Distancesover25milesfromourHighlandParklocationwillincur(帶來)anadditionaltravelfeeof$50flat.(對于所有表演選項，前25英里的旅行費都包含在內(nèi)！距離我們的高地公園位置超過25英里將產(chǎn)生50美元的額外旅行費。)”可知，雙人表演需要650美元，但是距離超過25英里需要產(chǎn)生50美元的額外旅行費，所以人們應(yīng)該為距離BBMT30英里的雙人表演支付700美元。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Notes部分“wejustaskforapoweroutlet(我們只是要一個電源插座)”可知，鮑勃的表演只是要一個電源插座。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ForBirthdayCelebrations,ourmarionetteswillbringagifttocelebratethebirthdayperson,andsing“HappyBirthday”alongwiththeaudience!(在生日慶?；顒又?，我們的提線木偶將帶上禮物給生日的人慶祝，并與觀眾一起唱“生日快樂”！)”可知，過生日的人可以從提線木偶那里得到一份禮物。故選C。BWhenHurricaneIanhitFlorida,KarenLauderrefusedtoleaveherhomebecauseshewaswrongabouttheintensity(強(qiáng)度)ofthestorm.Karenis84yearsoldanddependsonawheelchairtogetaroundbecausesheismissingaleg.Herson,JohnnyLauder,triedrepeatedlytogethertoleave,butsherefused.Johnnyandhiswholefamilylivewithinafewblocksofoneanother.TheykeptintouchwithKarenasthestormcontinuedviolently(猛烈地)outside,watchingthewaterrisingdangerouslyallaroundthem.WhenKarenreportedthatthewaterinherhousehadreachedherbottom,Johnnyknewhehadtotakeaction.First,Johnnyensuredhissonsandtheirpetsweretakencareof.Then,hejumpedoutofawindowandbegantoswim.Johnnyusedtoworkasarescueswimmer.Heisobviouslyastrongswimmer,butthefloodwaterwasfilledwithdangerousmaterials.Therewasalsoastrongcurrent(水流),andhehadtoswimagainstitformostofhistriptoKaren’s.Ashemadehiswaythroughthewater,Johnnystoppedperiodicallytosnapselfies(自拍)toshowhisworriedfamilythathewasokay.Johnnywasracingagainsttheclock.HeknewheonlyhadashortperiodoftimetogettherebeforethewaterroseaboveKaren’shead.Ittookhim40minutestoswimfourblocks.ThesoundofKarenshoutinginsidewasmusictohisears!“Ifitwould’vebeen20minuteslater,shewouldn’tbehere,”Johnnysaid.“She’sneverbeenhappiertoseeme.”Karenisnowsafe,althoughsheisinthehospitalbeingtreatedforinfections(感染)shegotinthewater.Thefamilyhavealllosteverythingtheyowned,includingtheirhouses,butthey’regratefuljusttobehere.4.WhydidKarendecidetostayinherhousewhenHurricaneIancame?A.Shehadnowheretogo.B.Shewastoooldtomove.C.Shethoughtthestormwasnotviolent.D.Shelostherwheelchairandwasunabletoleave.5.WhydidJohnnytakeselfiesalongthewaytoKaren’shome?A.Torecordhisswimmingtrip. B.Toshowoffhisswimmingskills.C.Towarnotherrescuersofdanger. D.Toreporthissafetytohisfamily.6.HowdidJohnny’sfamilykeepintouchinthestorm?A.Byshouting. B.Overthephone.C.Throughe-mail. D.Withother’shelp.7.HowdidJohnnyfeelwhenheheardKarenshouting?A.Curious. B.Frightened. C.Confused. D.Relieved.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了颶風(fēng)伊恩（Ian）襲擊佛羅里達(dá)州時，約翰尼（Johnny）游了四個街區(qū)去救自己因為缺少一條腿而坐輪椅的母親凱倫·勞德（KarenLauder）的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenHurricaneIanhitFlorida,KarenLauderrefusedtoleaveherhomebecauseshewaswrongabouttheintensity(強(qiáng)度)ofthestorm.(颶風(fēng)伊恩襲擊佛羅里達(dá)州時，凱倫·勞德拒絕離開家，因為她對風(fēng)暴強(qiáng)度的判斷有誤。)”可知，凱倫不愿意離開家是因為她對颶風(fēng)的強(qiáng)度判斷失誤。故選C。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Ashemadehiswaythroughthewater,Johnnystoppedperiodicallytosnapselfies(自拍)toshowhisworriedfamilythathewasokay.(當(dāng)他穿過水面時，約翰尼不時停下來自拍，向憂心忡忡的家人表示他沒事。)”可知，當(dāng)約翰尼穿過水面時還不時停下來自拍，是為了向憂心忡忡的家人報告他的安全狀況。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ashemadehiswaythroughthewater,Johnnystoppedperiodicallytosnapselfies(自拍)toshowhisworriedfamilythathewasokay.(當(dāng)他穿過水面時，約翰尼不時停下來自拍，向憂心忡忡的家人表示他沒事。)”可知，約翰尼是通過手機(jī)和家人聯(lián)系的。故選B。7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ThesoundofKarenshoutinginsidewasmusictohisears!(凱倫在里面叫喊的聲音對他來說簡直是音樂！)”可知，當(dāng)兒子約翰尼聽到母親凱倫的叫喊時他感到很安慰，因為他的母親還活著。故選D。CJaceTunnell,thefounderofNurdleItrollandReserveDirectorattheUniversityofTexasMarineScienceInstitute,islisteningtothesamequestionoften.“Iheareveryday,somebodysays,‘Whatisanurdle?’”hesaid.Tunnellexplainednurdlesaretinyballsofplasticthataretypicallyusedtomakealmosteveryplasticitemweuse,sothey’reeverywhere!Hesaidnurdlesareusuallyspilled(溢出)duringtransportfromcargoshipsorrailroadcars.“Thesethingswouldbeouthereforhundredsofyearsifwe’renotpickingthemup,”TunnellsaidwhileonarecentNurdlePatrolcleanupalongGalvestonBay.Since2018,NurdlePatrolhasgrowntothousandsofvolunteersworldwide.Manypeople-volunteerwithNurdlePatrolandworkfortheGalvestonBayFoundation.NurdlePatrolgroupsuploadtheirfindingstothenonprofit’swebsitemap.It’smarkedincolorstoshowwherethehighestconcentrationofnurdlesisfound.“Theylooknatural,andbirdsthinkthatthey’refood,”Tunnellsaid,“Birds,fish,seaturtlesandotherseaanimalscaneatnurdlesandfinallydiefromhungerbecauseofafalsesensationoffullnessandlackofnutrition.”Iendedupfinding123nurdlesin10minutes.That’shighconcentration,”Tunnellsaidaboutarecentcleanup.“Iplantotakethosetoanelectedofficialandsay,‘Look,thesearewhatIfoundonourbeacheshere.Weneedtodosomethingaboutthis.’So,itkindofputsinmotionchangethatcanhappen.”NurdlePatrolhassentouthundredsofkits(工具包)globally,manytoschoolsandvolunteerorganizations,withinformationaboutgatheringnurdlesandreportingthefindingssafely.Anyonecanrequestakitthroughtheirwebsite.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthenurdle?A.Itiseasilybrokendown. B.Itisasmallpieceofplastic.C.ItwasinventedbyTunnell. D.Itismainlyusedtomakeships.9.WhatdoTunnell’swordsinparagraph5mainlystress?A.Theuniquelookofnurdles. B.Thenumberofnurdlesinthesea.C.Nurdles’harmtoseaanimals’food. D.Nurdles’impactonseaanimals.10.WhatdoesTunnellwanttodo?A.Drawamapofnurdles’concentration. B.Callthegovernment’sattentiontonurdles.C.Organizemorecleanupsalongthebeaches. D.SharehisfindingsonNurdlePatrol’swebsite.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Groupsurveysthelevelofpollutioninthesea B.GrouptakesactiontoreducetheuseofplasticsC.Grouptriestodealwithpollutantharmingwildlife D.Grouplooksforvolunteersforitsbeachcleanups【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了NurdleItroll組織致力于清理海洋中的小塑料球，解釋了其危害以及組織的發(fā)展情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Tunnellexplainednurdlesaretinyballsofplasticthataretypicallyusedtomakealmosteveryplasticitemweuse,sothey’reeverywhere!(Tunnell解釋說，nurdle是一種微小的塑料球，通常用于制造我們使用的幾乎所有塑料制品，所以它們無處不在)”可知，nurdle是塑料塊。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段““Theylooknatural,andbirdsthinkthatthey’refood,”Tunnellsaid,“Birds,fish,seaturtlesandotherseaanimalscaneatnurdlesandfinallydiefromhungerbecauseofafalsesensationoffullnessandlackofnutrition.”(“它們看起來很自然，鳥類認(rèn)為它們是食物，”Tunnell說，“鳥類、魚類、海龜和其他海洋動物吃了它們，最終會因為飽腹和缺乏營養(yǎng)的錯覺而死于饑餓?！?”可推知，Tunnell在第5段主要強(qiáng)調(diào)了小塑料球?qū)Ｑ髣游锏挠绊憽９蔬xD。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““Iplantotakethosetoanelectedofficialandsay,‘Look,thesearewhatIfoundonourbeacheshere.Weneedtodosomethingaboutthis.’So,itkindofputsinmotionchangethatcanhappen.”(“我打算把這些拿給一位民選官員，說，‘看，這些是我在我們這里的海灘上發(fā)現(xiàn)的。我們得做點什么。’所以，這在某種程度上推動了可能發(fā)生的變化?！?”可知，Tunnell想喚起政府對小塑料球的注意。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Since2018,NurdlePatrolhasgrowntothousandsofvolunteersworldwide.Manypeople-volunteerwithNurdlePatrolandworkfortheGalvestonBayFoundation.NurdlePatrolgroupsuploadtheirfindingstothenonprofit’swebsitemap.It’smarkedincolorstoshowwherethehighestconcentrationofnurdlesisfound.(自2018年以來，NurdlePatrol已經(jīng)發(fā)展到全球數(shù)千名志愿者。許多人在Nurdle巡邏隊做志愿者，并為加爾維斯頓灣基金會工作。NurdlePatrol小組將他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)上傳到非營利組織的網(wǎng)站地圖上。它用顏色標(biāo)出了顆粒濃度最高的地方)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了NurdleItroll組織致力于清理海洋中的小塑料球，解釋了其危害以及組織的發(fā)展情況。可知，C選項“一個組織試圖處理危害野生動物的污染物”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。DThereisafive-and-a-half-milebikepathsittinginthemiddleofaneight-lanehighway(八車道公路),toppedwithasolarpanel(太陽能板)thatlightsupthestreetsbelowinSouthKorea.Butthisisnotanordinarybikepath.Itstartedasanideatoproducecleanenergywhilegivingpeopleaplacetoexerciseatthesametime.SouthKoreabuiltthiseco-friendlybicyclelanethatconnectsthecitiesofDaejeontoSejongin2014.The13-foot-widepathsetinthemiddleofahighwayisuniqueinSouthKoreawheremostbicyclepathsarebuiltnexttowalkways.Butwhatreallymakesthepathstandoutisitsone-of-a-kindfeature—asolarpanel-linedroof.SeveralothercitygovernmentsinSouthKoreahavebuiltbikeroadswithsolarpanels,butthisparticularroadinSejongremainsthelongestandtheonlyonesetinthemiddleofahighway.With7,502solarpanelsfixedatintervals(間隔空間)ofabout30inches,thepanelingcovers3milesofthe5.5-milecyclinghighwayandiscapableofproducinganaverageof2,200MWhofeco-friendlyelectricityeveryyearthatpowersmanyofthestreetlightsandelectronicdisplaysinSejong.TheKoreaWesternPowerCo.,Ltd.isinchargeofcheckingandrepairingthesolarpanelstokeepupthepowerefficiency(效率).“Solarpanelsinpublicequipmentarepartofatrend(趨勢)incleanenergy,”KimGeun-ho,aresearcherfromtheGreenEnergyInstitutesaid.“Atthebeginningstage,solarpowergenerationwasmostlybuiltinvastfarmlandandmountainousareas.Itmovedontopublicequipmentrooftops,andfinallyevolvedtoplaytheroleofashelterandpowergeneratoratthesametime,inthiscase,aroofontopofabikeroad.”“ThisisthefastestbikeroadIcantakefrommyhomeinDaejeontomyworkplaceinSejong,”saidParkYoon-soo,whohasbeengoingtoworkeverydayusingthesolarpanelbikeroadforthelasttwoyears.“Ihavealwaysappreciatedthesolarpanelroofsbecausetheybecomegoodshadeunderstrongsunlight,andaroofwhenitrains.”12.Forwhatpurposewasthebikepathbuilt?A.Totryoutanidea. B.Togetcleanenergy.C.Tosolvetrafficjams. D.Toencouragelessdriving.13.Whatmakesthebikepathdifferentfromotheroneswithsolarpanels?A.Itswidth. B.Itssolarpanels.C.Itslocation. D.Itsenergyoutput.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evolved”inparagraph4mean?A.Survived. B.Happened. C.Waited. D.Developed.15.WhatdoesParkYoon-soothinkofthisbikepath?A.Itisconvenient. B.Itisenergy-saving.C.Itisagoodplacetorelax. D.Itismoney-savinghightech.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是新聞報道。文章主要介紹韓國一條八車道高速公路中間的一條五英里半長的自行車道?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butthisisnotanordinarybikepath.Itstartedasanideatoproducecleanenergywhilegivingpeopleaplacetoexerciseatthesametime.(但這不是一條普通的自行車道。它最初是一個生產(chǎn)清潔能源的想法，同時給人們一個鍛煉的地方。)”可知，車道的建立目的是為了獲得清潔的能源。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“The13-foot-widepathsetinthemiddleofahighwayisuniqueinSouthKorea,wheremostbicyclepathsarebuiltnexttowalkways.(設(shè)置在高速公路中間的13英尺寬的小路在韓國是獨一無二的，那里的大多數(shù)自行車道都建在人行道旁邊。)”可知，這條自行車道與其他帶太陽能電池板的自行車道不同點在于它的位置，它位于一條八車道高速公路的中間。故選C。【14題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“Atthebeginningstage,solarpowergenerationwasmostlybuiltinvastfarmlandandmountainousareas.Itmovedontopublicequipmentrooftops,andfinallyevolvedtoplaytheroleofashelterandpowergeneratoratthesametime,inthiscase,aroofontopofabikeroad.(初期，太陽能發(fā)電大多建在廣闊的農(nóng)田和山區(qū)。它轉(zhuǎn)移到公共設(shè)備的屋頂上，最終evolved為同時扮演避難所和發(fā)電機(jī)的角色，在這種情況下，它是自行車道頂部的屋頂。)”可知，這里介紹太陽能發(fā)電的發(fā)展，所以evolved的意思應(yīng)該是“演變，發(fā)展”，和選項D意思一致。故選D。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““ThisisthefastestbikeroadIcantakefrommyhomeinDaejeontomyworkplaceinSejong,”saidParkYoon-soo(ParkYoon-soo說：“這是我從大田的家到世宗的工作場所能走的最快的自行車道?！?”可知，ParkYoon-soo認(rèn)為走這條自行車道上下班很方便。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Beingresilientisn’taboutavoidingmisfortune,butratherhowwerespondtoit.Resiliencemeans“doingwellinthefaceofriskormisfortune,”saysSuniyaLuthar,co-founderofAuthenticConnections,acompanythathelpsteachresilienceandwell-being.___16___.“Weallgetdepleted(筋疲力盡)fromtimetotime,andthebigepidemichasalmostemptiedtheresilienceofnearlyeveryone,atonetimeoranother,”saysAnnMasten,aprofessorofchilddevelopmentattheUniversityofMinnesota.Evenifyouconsideryourselfresilient,youmayneedaboosterdose(21128劑量)inespeciallyhardtimes.___17___.Nurture(培育)relationships___18___,saysMichaelUngar,authorofChangeYourWorld:TheScienceofResilienceandtheTruePathtoSuccess.Whenmisfortunestrikes,asupportivefriendwithgoodlisteningskillcanmakeabigdifference.Andifyouwantyourfriendsandfamilytosupportyourresilience,remembertosupporttheirstoo.Findasenseofpurpose___19___,Ungarsays.Yoursenseofpurposedoesn’thavetocomefromschoolorwork;itcanalsocomefromhobbiesorvolunteerprojects,likegrowingabackyardvegetablegardenorcleaninguplitterinaneighborhoodpark.Don’ttrytobanish(消除)misfortunecompletelyResilienceusuallyreferstohowwedealwithseriousmisfortune,Mastensays,butourreactionstobigproblemsmaybeinspiredpartlybythemanysmallproblemswefaceindailylife.“___20___.Andgraduallyouradaptivesystemswillbeimproved,”shesays.A.Tobuildresilience,expertssuggestthefollowingB.Recentlywe’veallneededtodrawonourresilienceC.EveryonestartsoutwithadifferentlevelofresilienceD.SetupandmaintainasupportnetworkbeforeyouneeditE.TakesometimeeverydaytocareforyourmindandyourbodyF.Whensomebodyneedsyou,youjustdealwithstressmuchbetterG.Everydaystressprobablyhelpsuslearnhowtodealwithbiggerchallenges【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.F20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹韌性的概念以及如何建立韌性?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)下文““Weallgetdepleted(筋疲力盡)fromtimetotime,andthebigepidemichasalmostemptiedtheresilienceofnearlyeveryone,atonetimeoranother,”saysAnnMasten,aprofessorofchilddevelopmentattheUniversityofMinnesota.(明尼蘇達(dá)大學(xué)兒童發(fā)展教授AnnMasten說：“我們都會時不時地筋疲力盡，而這場大流行病幾乎在某個時候耗盡了幾乎每個人的韌性?！?”可知，人類因為大流行病而幾乎耗盡每個人的韌性，所以我們更需要它。選項B“最近我們都需要利用我們的韌性”和下文意思一致。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Evenifyouconsideryourselfresilient,youmayneedaboosterdose(21128劑量)inespeciallyhardtimes.(即使你認(rèn)為自己有韌性，在特別困難的時候，你也可能需要加強(qiáng)針。)”和下文“Nurture(培育)relationships(培育關(guān)系)”可知，下文介紹建立韌性的方法。選項A“為了建立韌性，專家建議如下”和上下文意思一致。故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Whenmisfortunestrikes,asupportivefriendwithgoodlisteningskillcanmakeabigdifference.Andifyouwantyourfriendsandfamilytosupportyourresilience,remembertosupporttheirstoo.(當(dāng)不幸降臨時，一個有良好傾聽能力的支持性朋友會產(chǎn)生很大的影響。如果你想讓你的朋友和家人支持你的韌性，記得也要支持他們。)”可知，這里建議要有良好的社會關(guān)系網(wǎng)。選項D“在需要之前建立并維護(hù)支持網(wǎng)絡(luò)”和下文意思一致。故選D。【19題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Yoursenseofpurposedoesn’thavetocomefromschoolorwork;itcanalsocomefromhobbiesorvolunteerprojects,likegrowingabackyardvegetablegardenorcleaninguplitterinaneighborhoodpark.(你的目標(biāo)感不一定來自學(xué)?；蚬ぷ?；它也可以來自業(yè)余愛好或志愿者項目，比如在后院種植菜園或清理附近公園的垃圾。)”可知，這里建議人們要讓自己覺得被需要。選項F“當(dāng)有人需要你時，你會更好地應(yīng)對壓力”和下文意思一致。故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Resilienceusuallyreferstohowwedealwithseriousmisfortune,Mastensays,butourreactionstobigproblemsmaybeinspiredpartlybythemanysmallproblemswefaceindailylife.(Masten說，韌性通常指的是我們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對嚴(yán)重的不幸，但我們對大問題的反應(yīng)可能部分受到我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪忻媾R的許多小問題的啟發(fā)。)”可知，這里建議人們要勇敢面對日常生活中面臨的許多小問題。選項G“每天的壓力可能有助于我們學(xué)會如何應(yīng)對更大的挑戰(zhàn)”和上文意思一致。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項?！癢henonedoorcloses,”thesayinggoes,“anotherdooropens.”Forone___21___dog,itappearsthatsayingisalsosuitablefordoggydoors.AdognamedSheldontookpartinaprogramto___22___aservicedog.Unluckilyhecouldn’tquitemakethe___23___.Wheneverhewould___24___somethinginteresting,Sheldon’sconcentrationflewoutofthewindowandallhewantedtodowas___25___thesource.Buttheverythingthatmadehimafailureasaservicedogmeanthewaslikely___26___foranotherdogjob.SheldonwassenttotheStateFarmArsonDogProgram,wherehissensitive(靈敏的)nosesoonputhim___27___theclassfordetectingtheaccelerants(探測肋燃劑)usedtolightillegalfires.___28___JohnTadlockoftheSaginawfiredepartment,afterhis___29___Sheldonwentontobecomethedepartment’sbestaccelerantdetectiondog.Inhisfirst____30____,SheldonandhispartnerTadlockwerecalledtoacarshoptolookintosomecarsthathadbeen____31____undersuspicious(可疑的)circumstances.Afterthreedays,noonehadbeenabletofigureouthowthefiregotstarted—butthecausewasn’t____32____toSheldon.“Iputhimto____33____.Ittookhimabout30secondstogivemeanalert(警報),”Tadlocksaid.Sheldonfoundtheevidencewithno____34____.Foradogwithasupersenseofsmell,weguesswhetheryou’retailingbadguysorhuntingforajob,it’salwaysbesttofollowyour____35____.21.A.old B.special C.lucky D.sick22.A.help B.visit C.teach D.become23.A.difference B.mistake C.grade D.change24.A.find B.taste C.smell D.hear25.A.huntdown B.returnto C.learnabout D.dependon26.A.sorry B.perfect C.famous D.responsible27.A.inthefrontof B.atthebottomof C.inthemiddleof D.atthetopof28.A.Playingwith B.Pairedwith C.Agreeingwith D.Facedwith29.A.graduation B.recovery C.birth D.death30.A.course B.race C.case D.program31.A.sold B.built C.stolen D.burnt32.A.confusing B.interesting C.clear D.important33.A.sleep B.work C.flight D.risk34.A.fear B.choice C.difficulty D.experience35.A.nose B.head C.plan D.dream【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.C25.A26.B27.D28.B29.A30.C31.D32.A33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一只叫做Sheldon的狗，原本參與了一個服務(wù)犬項目但未成功。然而，他的敏感嗅覺使得他成為了一個出色的探測狗。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對于一只特別的狗來說，這句話似乎也適用于小狗們的門。A.old老的；B.special特別的；C.lucky幸運(yùn)的；D.sick生病的。根據(jù)下文“hissensitive(靈敏的)nose”可知，Sheldon是一只嗅覺很靈敏的狗，即它是一直很特別的狗，故選B項。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一只名叫Sheldon的狗參加了一個成為服務(wù)犬的計劃。A.help幫助；B.visit參觀；C.teach教；D.become成為。根據(jù)下文“aservicedog”可知，Sheldon是想成為一只服務(wù)犬，故選D項。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，他沒能取得好成績。A.difference差異；B.mistake錯誤；C.grade成績；D.change變化。根據(jù)上文“Unluckily”可知，它沒有有成功成為一名服務(wù)犬，意味著沒有取得好成績，故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每當(dāng)他聞到有趣的東西時，謝爾頓的注意力就會飛出窗外，他只想尋找源頭。A.find找到；B.taste品嘗；C.smell聞到；D.hear聽到。根據(jù)下文“hissensitive(靈敏的)nose”可知，Sheldon嗅覺很靈敏，當(dāng)它聞到什么有趣的東西時，就會被吸引過去，故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：每當(dāng)他聞到有趣的東西時，謝爾頓的注意力就會飛出窗外，他只想尋找源頭。A.huntdown追尋；B.returnto回歸；C.learnabout了解；D.dependon依靠。根據(jù)下文“hissensitive(靈敏的)nose”可知，Sheldon嗅覺很靈敏，當(dāng)它聞到什么有趣的東西時就會被吸引過去，去追尋氣味的來源，故選A項?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但正是這使他成為服務(wù)犬的失敗意味著他可能非常適合另一份狗的工作。A.sorry對不起的；B.perfect完美的；C.famous出名的；D.responsible負(fù)責(zé)的。根據(jù)“Buttheverythingthatmadehimafailureasaservicedogmeanthewaslikely___6___foranotherdogjob.”可知，Sheldon不適合做一只服務(wù)犬，但是可能很適合其他任務(wù)，perfectforsth表示“適合做”，故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：Sheldon被送往州立農(nóng)場縱火犬計劃，在那里，他靈敏的鼻子很快使他在檢測用于點燃非法火災(zāi)的促進(jìn)劑方面名列前茅。A.inthefrontof在前面；B.atthebottomof在底部；C.inthemiddleof在中間；D.atthetopof在頂部。根據(jù)下文“becomethedepartment’sbestaccelerantdetectiondog.”可知，Sheldon靈敏的嗅覺讓它在這個班級里名列前茅，atthetopof表示“在……的頂端”，故選D項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：Sheldon與薩吉諾消防局的約翰·塔德洛克（JohnTadlock）配對，畢業(yè)后繼續(xù)成為該部門最好的加速劑探測犬。A.Playingwith玩；B.Pairedwith搭配；C.Agreeingwith同意；D.Facedwith面對。根據(jù)下文“SheldonandhispartnerTadlock”可知，Sheldon與Tadlock搭配成一組，故選B項?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Sheldon與薩吉諾消防局的約翰·塔德洛克（JohnTadlock）配對，畢業(yè)后繼續(xù)成為該部門最好的加速劑探測犬。A.graduation畢業(yè)；B.recovery康復(fù)；C.birth出生；D.death死亡。根據(jù)上文“SheldonwassenttotheStateFarmArsonDogProgram,wherehissensitive(靈敏的)nosesoonputhim___7___theclassfordetectingtheaccelerants(探測肋燃劑)usedtolightillegalfires.”可知，Sheldon是參加了探測助燃劑的培訓(xùn)，此處是指在培訓(xùn)結(jié)束后，即畢業(yè)后，Sheldon正式成為一名探測助燃劑的狗狗，故選A項?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在他的第一個案例中，謝爾頓和他的搭檔塔德洛克被叫到一家汽車店，調(diào)查一些在可疑情況下被燒毀的汽車。A.course課程；B.race比賽；C.case案例；D.program課程。根據(jù)下文“SheldonandhispartnerTadlockwerecalledtoacarshoptolookintosomecarsthathadbeen___11___undersuspicious(可疑的)circumstances.”可知，這是他的第一個案例，故選C項?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在他的第一個案例中，謝爾頓和他的搭檔塔德洛克被叫到一家汽車店，調(diào)查一些在可疑情況下被燒毀的汽車。A.sold出售；B.built建；C.stolen偷；D.burnt燒。根據(jù)下文“noonehadbeenabletofigureouthowthefiregotstarted”可知，是被燒毀的汽車，故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：三天后，沒有人能夠弄清楚火災(zāi)是如何開始的——但原因并沒有讓謝爾頓感到困惑。A.confusing鄰人困惑的；B.interesting有趣的；C.clear清晰的；D.important重要的。根據(jù)上文“noonehadbeenabletofigureouthowthefiregotstarted—butthecausewasn’t”可知，雖然沒有能弄清楚是如起火的，但是對Sheldon來說一點也不迷惑，故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我讓他去工作。A.sleep睡眠；B.work工作；C.flight飛行；D.risk風(fēng)險。putsbtowork表示“讓某人投入工作”，此處是指讓Sheldon開始利用自己的嗅覺去搞清楚起火的原因，故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Sheldon沒有絲毫困難的找到了證據(jù)。A.fear恐懼；B.choice選擇；C.difficulty困難；D.experience經(jīng)驗。根據(jù)上文“tookhimabout30secondstogivemeanalert”可知，30秒就發(fā)出了警報，說明找的很快，沒有絲毫困難，故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對于一只嗅覺超強(qiáng)的狗來說，我們猜無論你是在尾隨壞人還是在找工作，最好跟著你的鼻子走。A.nose鼻子；B.head頭；C.plan計劃；D.dream夢。根據(jù)前文“senseofsmell”可知，空處對應(yīng)的是鼻子，故選A項。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheWashingtonStateDepartmentofAgriculture(WSDA)saidalargeatlasmoth(皇蛾)___36___(find)onagarage(車庫)wasidentifiedasthefirstatlasmotheverdocumentedintheUnitedStates.Thedepartmentsaid___37___universityteachertookplacephotoswhenhefoundthelargemothrestingonthewallof___38___(he)garageonJuly7.Stateofficials___39___(careful)examinedthephotosand___40___(confirm)theinsectwasanatlasmoth,oneoftheworld’slargestspeciesofmoth.Atlasmothsarenative___41___thetropics(熱帶地區(qū))andhaveneverbeendocumentedintheUnitedStates.“Thisisan___42___(attract)typeofinsectbecauseitissolarge,”saidSven-ErikSpichigerfromtheagriculturedepartment.“Evenifyoudon’tkeepaneyeoutforinsects,thisisonethatpeoplewillgettheirphonesoutandtakeapictureof—theyarethatstriking.”___43___(researcher)saidtheyarenowtryingtofindoutifthemothispartofapopulationinWashington.Theyareaskinganyone___44___discoversasimilarinsect____45____(report)ittopestprogram@.“Wehoperesidentswillhelpuslearnifthiswasaone-offescapeeorwhethertheremightbeapopulationinthearea,”thedepartmentsaid.【答案】36.found37.a38.his39.carefully40.confirmed41.to42.attractive43.Researchers44.who##that45.toreport【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹有人在車庫里發(fā)現(xiàn)的一只大型阿特拉斯蛾被確認(rèn)為美國有史以來第一只記錄在案的阿特拉斯蛾?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：華盛頓州農(nóng)業(yè)部（WSDA）表示，在車庫里發(fā)現(xiàn)的一只大型阿