一輪復(fù)習(xí)隨堂課件語(yǔ)法專題突破專題七定語(yǔ)從句1

語(yǔ)法專題突破專題七定語(yǔ)從句英語(yǔ)2022內(nèi)容索引核心考點(diǎn)課堂突破專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練鞏固提升核心考點(diǎn)課堂突破[高考感悟]單句填空1.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)...Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot______________itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.

2.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)InancientChinalivedanartist,_______________paintingswerealmostlifelike.

3.(2019·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,___________sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.

wherewhosewhich4.(2019·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters_______________hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.

5.(2018·北京卷)Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_______________helpsthemkeepfit.

whowhich[考點(diǎn)歸納]考點(diǎn)一

關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞

關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞先行詞從句成分例句備注關(guān)系代詞who人主語(yǔ)Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithyourmother?whom,which和that在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),?？梢允÷?但介詞提前時(shí)后面關(guān)系代詞不能省略,也不可以用thatwhom,which和that在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),?？梢允÷?但介詞提前時(shí)后面關(guān)系代詞不能省略,也不可以用thatwhom人賓語(yǔ)MrSmithisthepersonwithwhomIamworking.Theboy(whom)sheloveddiedinthewar.MrSmithisthepersonwithwhomIamworking.Theboy(whom)sheloveddiedinthewar.MrSmithisthepersonwithwhomIamworking.Theboy(whom)sheloveddiedinthewar.whose人、物定語(yǔ)Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.Theboywhosefatherworksabroadismydeskmate.Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.Theboywhosefatherworksabroadismydeskmate.Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.Theboywhosefatherworksabroadismydeskmate.that人、物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Sheisthepopstar(that)Iwanttoseeverymuch.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Sheisthepopstar(that)Iwanttoseeverymuch.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Sheisthepopstar(that)Iwanttoseeverymuch.which物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)Thebook(which)Igaveyouwasworth$10.Thepicturewhichwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.Thebook(which)Igaveyouwasworth$10.Thepicturewhichwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.Thebook(which)Igaveyouwasworth$10.Thepicturewhichwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.as人、物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)Heissuchapersonasisrespectedbyallofus.ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.as作賓語(yǔ)一般不省略關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞先行詞從句成分例句備注關(guān)系副詞when時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenwemetthere.可用onwhich替換可用onwhich替換where地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.可用inwhich替換可用inwhich替換why原因原因狀語(yǔ)Ican’timaginethereasonwhyheturneddownmyoffer.可用forwhich替換注意1.當(dāng)先行詞為way,意為“方法、方式”,且在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)時(shí),可用關(guān)系代詞which或that;作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),要用in

which

或that或不填任何關(guān)系詞。The

way

(that/in

which)

he

finished

the

task

successfully

was

difficult

to

understand.(作狀語(yǔ))The

way(that/which)

he

explained

to

me

was

not

difficult

to

understand.(作賓語(yǔ))2.當(dāng)先行詞為time時(shí),若表示“一段時(shí)間”,后面定語(yǔ)從句用when引導(dǎo),也可用at/during

which;若表示“次數(shù)”,后面定語(yǔ)從句用that引導(dǎo),that可以省略。There

was

a

time

when

we

had

no

TV

sets.This

is

the

second

time(that)

the

president

has

visited

our

country.考點(diǎn)二

that與which,who,whom的用法區(qū)別

情況用法說(shuō)明例句只用that的情況1.先行詞為all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much等不定代詞時(shí)2.先行詞被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修飾時(shí)3.先行詞有形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)4.先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)5.先行詞被theonly,thevery修飾時(shí)6.句中已經(jīng)有who或which,為了避免重復(fù)時(shí)Hetoldmeeverythingthatheknows.Allthebooksthatyouofferedhavebeengivenout.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverread.Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremembered.HeistheonlymanthatIwanttosee.Whoisthemanthatismakingaspeech?情況用法說(shuō)明例句只用which,who,whom的情況1.在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,只能用which指代物,用who/whom指人2.在由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中,只能用which指物,whom指人3.先行詞本身是that時(shí),關(guān)系詞用which,先行詞為those,one,ones時(shí)多用whoHehasason,whohasgoneabroadforfurtherstudy.Ilikethepersontowhomtheteacheristalking.Thosewhorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyothers.考點(diǎn)三

限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別

類別語(yǔ)法意義及特征例句限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞起修飾限制作用,如果去掉,主句意思就不完整明確,這種從句與主句的關(guān)系十分密切,寫時(shí)不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)TheaccidenthappenedatthetimewhenIleft.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞作附加的說(shuō)明,與主句的關(guān)系不是十分密切,較松散。從句和主句之間用逗號(hào)分開(kāi),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)插入語(yǔ),不能用that引導(dǎo),關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)也不能省略Hismother,whomheloveddeeply,diedtenyearsago.考點(diǎn)四

as與which的區(qū)別

定語(yǔ)從句區(qū)別例句限制性定語(yǔ)從句中名詞前有such和thesame修飾時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用as,不能用whichHeisnotsuchafoolashelooks.Don’treadsuchbooksasyoucan’tunderstand.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中as和which都可以指代前面整個(gè)主句。如果有“正如,像”的含義,并可以放在主句前,也可以放在后面,那么用as;而which引導(dǎo)的從句只能放主句后,指代主句中某物或整個(gè)句子所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容Theywonthegame,aswehadexpected.Theywonthegame,whichwehadn’texpected.Asiswellknown,hewasafamousfilmstarinthe1980s.注意as多用于下列習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中:①as

anybody

can

see正如大家能看到的那樣②as

we

had

expected正如我們所預(yù)料的那樣③as

often

happens正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣④as

has

been

said

before如之前所述⑤as

is

mentioned

above正如上面所提到的考點(diǎn)五

定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別

that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí),在從句中不作任何成分,而that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)則充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等成分Don’tyouforgetthepromise(that)youmade?Hemakesapromisethathewillmakeyouveryrichifyouworkwithhim.what,whether和how不可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,但可以引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句Thereissomedoubtwhethershewillbedismissedfromschool.定語(yǔ)從句前面的名詞既可以是具體名詞,也可以是抽象名詞;而同位語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞一般是抽象名詞,從句說(shuō)明該名詞所指的具體內(nèi)容Thepatientacceptedtheadvicethatsmokingshouldbegivenup.(同位語(yǔ)從句)ThisistheadvicewhichwasgivenbyTom.(定語(yǔ)從句)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練鞏固提升Ⅰ.單句填空1.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof_________Ihadevermetbefore.2.Itwasonthefarm_________weworkedthatIgottoknowher.

3.Aperson_______________e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.

4.Youshouldreadonlysuchbooks_______________youcanunderstandwithoutmuchdifficulty.

5.Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcases_______________beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.

whomwhere

whoseaswhere

6.Thereason_______________hewantstosellhishouseisthatheneedsalotofmoneyforhisoperation.

7.Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,after_______________hefoundajobinabigcompany.

8.Shewaspleasedwiththeway___________hehadacceptedhercriticism.

9.Weshouldn’tspentourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof_______________arehealthy.Attheage_______________otherpeopleretire,Francisbeganthegreatestcauseinhislife.

10.Theytalkedofthingsandpersons_______________theyrememberedintheschool.

whywhichthatwhomwhen

thatⅡ.語(yǔ)法填空Thebooksonthedesks,1._______________coversareshiny,areprizesforus.Thebookiswellwrittenandwellprinted.Therearefew,ifany,mistakesinit.

Thisisthebook2._______________Ihavereaddozensoftimes.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark3.______________youhaveanyquestions.Fromthisexp