人教版高中英語選修八第8講：unit-4-Pygmalion-語法篇(學(xué)生版)

第8講Pygmalion語法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.掌握動詞過去分詞作狀語的用法；2.能夠熟練運用非謂語中過去分詞作狀語。過去分詞作狀語:1.過去分詞修飾謂語動詞作狀語，常用來進一步說明謂語動詞的動作發(fā)生時的背景或狀況，其主語是過去分詞之動作的承受者，即過去分詞表示的動作不是句子的主語發(fā)出的，所以過去分詞與主語之間是動賓關(guān)系，即被動關(guān)系。如：Filledwithextraordinarystrength,heraisedhimself.他使出全身的力氣站了起來。（filledwithextraordinarystrength表示主語“he”當時所處的狀態(tài)）[來Surroundedbyagroupofyoungpeople,theoldmanfelthappy.身邊圍著一群年輕人，老人感到很高興。（surrounded指主語“theoldman”是該動作的承受者）比較：Thetrainerappeared,followedbysixlittledogs.訓(xùn)練員出現(xiàn)了，后面跟著六條小狗。（過去分詞“followed”表示主語是該動作的承受者，即“thetrainer”被“sixlittledogs”跟著）Thetrainerappeared,followingsixlittledogs.訓(xùn)練員跟在六條小狗的后面出現(xiàn)了。（現(xiàn)在分詞“following”表示主語是該動作的執(zhí)行者，即“thetrainer”跟著“sixlittledogs”）2.現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞在句中可以作時間、原因、方式、伴隨、條件、結(jié)果等狀語。Notreceivinganyletterfromhim,Igavehimacall.AsIdidn’treceiveanyletterfromhim,Igavehimacall.Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.Ifmoreattentionwasgiven,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.(條件)Walkingalongthestreet,Iranacrossmyoldfriend.Bittenbyasnake,hewastakentohospital.(原因)Thoughdefeated,hedidn’tloseheart.(讓步)Helayonthegrass,lookingintothesky.(伴隨)Hecamerunningtotellmethegoodnews.(方式)注意：1.選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語。如分詞的動作是由主句的主語發(fā)出，分詞就用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之就用過去分詞。試比較：(Being)Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.由于用了很長時間，這本書看上去很舊。Usingthebook,Ifindituseful.在使用的過程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用。2.分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語必須和主句的主語一致，如果不一致，就用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，即在分詞前加上它的邏輯主語?，F(xiàn)在分詞的完成式主要用于作狀語，一般不用作定語。(2015重慶高考)________inthepoorestareaofGlasgow,hehadalong,hardroadtobecomingafootballstar.Being raised B.Raising C.Raised D.ToraiseIf________forthejob,youwillbeinformedsoon.toaccept B.accept C.accepting D.Accepted________inpainting,Johndidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.A.Toabsorb B.Tobeabsorbed C.Absorbed D.Absorbing(2014天津高考)Clearlyandthoughtfully________,thebookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswhowishtoseektheirownanswers.

A.writing B.towrite C.written D.beingwritten(2015湖南高考)Videogamescanbeapoorinfluenceif________inthewronghands.leaving B.toleave C.leave D.Left基礎(chǔ)演練1.Sarah,hurryup.I'mafraidyouwon'thavetimeto_____beforetheparty.A.getchanged B.getchange C.getchanging D.gettochange2.______fromthemoon,theearthlookslikeacolorfulball.A.Seeing B.Seen C.Havingseen D.Havingbeenseen3.______amonghightrees,thehousecan'teasilybeseen.A.Hidden B.Hid C.Hide

D.Hiding4.______,Tomislovedbyallthepeopleinthevillage.A.Beinganhonestman B.BeingthatheisanhonestmanC.Heisanhonestman D.Anhonestmanbeing5.______someofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.A.Followed B.Followedby C.Beingfollowed D.Havingbeenfollowed鞏固提高6.If___green,thedoormightlookmorebeautiful.A.paint

B.painted C.painting D.topaint7.______,liquidscanbechangedintogases.A.Heating B.Tobeheated C.Heated D.Heat8.When______,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.A.completed B.completing C.beingcompleted D.tobecompleted9.______deepdownintheearthforthousandsofyears,thedeadforesthasrottedawayandbecomecoal.A.Buried

B.Burying C.Havingburied D.Havingbeenburied10.WhenIgothome,therewas______,soIgotangry.A.alittlefoodtoleave

B.littlefoodleftC.alittlefoodleaving

D.littlefoodtoleave11.______areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.Notreceiving B.ReceivingnotC.Nothavingreceived D.Havingnotreceived12.Thesearethefacts______bytheschool.A.togather

B.gathering C.gathered D.tobegathered13.Hegothisshoes______yesterday.A.torepair

B.repairing C.beingrepaired D.repaired14.________intheearly20thcentury，theschoolkeepsoninspiringchildren’sloveofart.A.Tofound B.Founding C.Founded D.Havingfounded15.Ilivedinahouse______byalotofpinetrees.A.surrounding B.tosurround C.surrounded

D.tobesurrounded1.Myfatherencouragedmeinmypainting,butneverlikedtoseeanyofmyworks______inpublic.A.exhibiting

B.exhibited C.havingexhibited D.beingexhibited2.Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit_____onhisownfarm.A.grown B.beinggrown C.tobegrown D.togrow3.Everyeveningafterdinner,ifnot____fromwork,Iwillspendsometimewalkingmydog.A.beingtired B.tiring C.tired D.tobetired4.____nottomisstheflightat15:20,themanagersetoutfortheairportinahurry.A.Reminding B.Reminded C.Toremind D.Havingreminded5._____bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.A.Beingencouraged B.EncouragingC.Encouraged D.Havingencouraged6._____manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.A.Told B.Telling C.Havingtold D.Havingbeentold7.____therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrowintointernationalstars.A.Giving B.Havinggiven C.Togive D.Given8._____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.Losing

B.Havinglost C.Lost

D.Tolose9.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee____thenextyear.A.carryout

B.carryingout C.carriedout

D.tocarryout10.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_____nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.begins

B.havingbegun C.beginning

D.Begun11.Nomatterhowfrequently,theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.A.Performed B.Performing C.tobeperformed D.beingperformed12.Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunlesseveryday.A.watered B.watering C.water D.towater13.byagreaterdemandofvegetables,farmershavebuiltmoregreenhouses.A.Driven B.Beingdriven C.Todrive D.Havingdriven14.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishasmuchaswecan.A.speak B.speaking C.spoken D.tospeak15.Itisoneofthefunniestthingsontheinternetsofarthisyear.A.finding B.beingfound C.tofind D.found__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________單項選擇1.Everythingwasoutoforderinthe______shop.A.robbed

B.rob C.robbing

D.haverobbed2.Thisisa______movieandeveryonewas______.A.moved,moving

B.moved,movedC.moving,moved

D.moving,moving3.Theyarevery______toseeher___face.A.pleasing,smiled

B.pleasing,smilingC.pleased,smiled

D.pleased,smiling4.I'mverygladtoseetheproblem______.A.settle

B.settled C.beingsettled

D.settling5.I'msorrytohavekeptyou______solongatime.A.wait

B.towait C.waited

D.waiting6.Whenhegothome,hefoundhispocket______openandhiswallet______.A.cut,stealing B.cut,stolen C.cutting,stealing D.cutting,stolen7.Thousandsofpeasantsareupintothecity______vegetables,fruitandsomeotherthingseveryday.A.sell

B.selling C.sold

D.tobeselling8.Theoldfarmerhadhisleg______buthehadhistractors______dayandnight.A.hurting,working B.hurting,workedC.hurt,working

D.hurt,worked9.Lindacan'tattendtheparty______atTom'shouseatpresentbecausesheispreparingaspeechfortheparty______atMarie'shousetomorrow.A.beingheld,tobeheld B.tobeheld,heldC.held,beingheld D.tobeheld,tobeheld10.InApril,2009,PresidentHuinspectedthewarshipsinQingdao,____the60thanniversaryofthefoundingofPLANavy.A.marking B.marked C.havingmarked D.beingmarked二.完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Thatmakesachildspeakalanguagehaslongbeenapuzzletolinguists(語言學(xué)家).1speaking,therearetwoschoolsoflinguists,bothof2trytoexplain3achildpicksupalanguagesoeasily.Thefactthatachildpicksupalanguage4issurprising:atoneyearold,achildisableto5"bye-bye";attwo,heisabletousefiftywords;bythreehebeginsto6tenses.ThefamousAmericanlinguistNoamChomsky7thathumanbeingshaveasortofbuilt-insystemforlanguageuse,andthatthe8isonlysecondary.Childrenarenottaughtlanguage9theyaretaughtarithmetic.Otherlinguists,10,holdtheviewthatachildlearns11ofhislanguagefromthehintsintheenvironment.12,theoristsofbothschools13thatthereisabiologicalbasisforlanguageandlanguageuse.The14iswhichismoreimportant,theinnerabilityortheenvironment.Thisiscertainlyafield15tobeexplored.Researchersfrombothschoolsarebusyfindingevidenceto16theirowntheory,but17sideispersuadingtheother.Itseemsthatinorderto18whyachildlearnsalanguagesoeasily,wehaveto19thejointeffortsofbothschools.Somelinguists,likeDeVilliers,haverecognizedthevalueofcooperation,and20linguistsofbothsidestoworktogether.1.A.surprisingly B.personally C.properly D.roughly2.A.themB.whoC.whom D.which3.A.that B.when Cwhy D.how4.A.independently B.naturally C.withouthelp D.withease5.A.speak B.say C.wave D.respond6.A.master B.study C.have D.get7.A.doubts B.believes C.realizes D.criticizes8.A.help B.teacher C.environment D.hint9.A.as B.for C.when D.though10.A.inparticular B.asaresult C.however D.therefore11.A.alittle B.some C.nothing D.most12.A.Before B.Fromnowon C.Justnow D.Bynow13.A.suspect B.disagree C.agree D.realize14.A.case B.quarrel C.problem D.question15.A.waiting B.planningC.neverD.unlikely16.A.provide B.create C.supply D.support17.A.notaB.one C.neitherD.either18.A.findout B.ruleput' C.searchfor D.lookfor19.A.getridof B.trustin C.relyonD.persistin20.A.ordered B.criticized C.challenged D.urged三.閱讀理解IrecentlywroteanautobiographyinwhichIrecalledmanyoldmemories.Oneofthemwasfrommyschoolday's,whenourninthgradeteacher,MissRaber,wouldpickoutwordsfromtheReader'sDigesttotestourvocabulary.Today,morethan45yearslater,Ialwayscheckout"ItpaystoEnrichyourWordPower"firstwhentheDigestcomeseachmonth.Iamimpressedwiththatidea,wordpower.Reader'sDigestknowsthepowerthatwordshavetomovepeople—toentertain,inform,andinspire.TheDigesteditorsknowthatthebigwordisn'talwaysthebestword.Takejustoneexample,aQuotableQuotefromtheFebruary1985issue:"Timeisaplayfulthing.Itslipsquicklyanddrinksthedaylikeabowlofmilk."Seventeenwords,onlytwoofthemmorethanonesyllable,yethowmuchtheyconvey!That'susuallyhowitiswithReader'sDigest.Smallandsimplecanbeprofound.Aschairmanofafoundationtorestore