北師大版高中英語選修八第9講：Unit24-Society-語法篇(教師版)

Unit24Society語法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1、虛擬語氣—在書面語中2、虛擬語氣—在口語，非正式用語中虛擬語氣—在書面語中用“should/oughtto+動詞原形”的形式。Weshouldgooutfoeawalk.Yououghttostudyhardforyourfuture.溫馨提示：should和oughtto都表示“應該”，一般可以互換使用，但是should含有“按我的想法應該…”的意思；oughtto語氣強烈，強調(diào)“有責任，義務或按道理應該…”的意思。有些動詞后跟賓語從句時，從句的謂語用“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略。此類動詞可以用“一，二，三，四法”進行記憶。=1\*GB3①一個“堅持”，即insist。Heinsistedthatwe(should)attendthemeeting.=2\*GB3②兩個“命令”，即order和command。Thebossorderedalltheworkers(should)bethereontime.=3\*GB3③三個“建議”，即suggest,advise,recommend。Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gooutforawalk.=4\*GB3④四個“要求”，即demand,require,request和desire。Idemandedthathe(should)answermeassoonaspossible.注意：當suggest表示“暗示，表明”：時，insist表示“堅持說”時，后面的從句不用虛擬語氣，用陳述語氣。在“It’sdesired/suggested/requiredthat…”句型中，后面的主語從句的謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略。Itisdesiredthatwe(should)geteverythingreadybytonight.在suggestion,proposal,order,advice,demand等名詞后接的表語從句或同位語從句中，謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略。There’snosuggestionthatyou(should)resign.在“Itis(high)timethat…”這一特殊句式中，謂語動詞用過去式或shoulddo的形式表示虛擬，should不能省略。It’stimethatwewenthome.虛擬語氣—在口語，非正式用語中用ifIwereyou,I’d…句型，語氣更委婉，含蓄。IfIwereyou,I’dgowiththem.用Ithinkyoushould/oughttodo…句型，語氣稍強。Ithinkyoushouldbuyhimagift.如果要強硬的批評，責備某人或提出建議，可用下列句型：=1\*GB3①It’sabout/hightimethat…It’sabouttimeyougotdowntoreading.=2\*GB3②You’dbetterdosth./You’dbetternotdosth.You’dbettergivehimsomeadviceonit.=3\*GB3③I’drathersb.didsth.I’dratheryoucametonight.例1.You_____trustanonlineshopjustbecauseithasabeautifully-designedwebsite.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.couldn’t D.needn’t解析：句意：你不應該僅僅因為有一個設計優(yōu)美的網(wǎng)站就相信一家網(wǎng)店。本題考查情態(tài)動詞。根據(jù)句意可知此題選擇A項shouldn’t不應該。mustn’t禁止；couldn’t不能；needn’t不需要，均不符合句意。答案：A。例2.Eyedoctorsrecommendedthatachild’sfirsteyeexam_____attheageofsixmonthsold.was B.be C.were D.is解析：句意：眼科醫(yī)生建議孩子的第一次演講檢查應該在六個月大的時候進行。動詞recommend后跟賓語從句，從句中的謂語動詞形式為“should+動詞原形（should可省略）”。答案：B。 例3.We_______backinthehotelnowifyoudidn’tlosethemap.are B.were C.willbe D.wouldbe解析：句意：如果你沒有丟掉地圖，我們現(xiàn)在回到賓館了。本題考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)句意可知，if引導的從句是對過去事實的闡述，而主句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬，其謂語動詞應為：would/should/could/might+do結(jié)構(gòu)，故選擇D項。答案：D。例4.（2015北京大興高三一模）HowIwisheverybody_____theopportunitytotravelinspace.has B.had C.willhaveD.hashad解析：句意：我多希望每個人都有機會去太空旅行啊！根據(jù)語境可知，wish后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，故用一般過去時表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設。故答案選B。答案：B。例5.（2015北京石景山高三一模）Theoldmanwishedhe_____toseethebirthofhisgrandchild.wouldlive B.lived C.hadlived D.lives解析：句意為：老人希望自己能活著見到他的孫子出生。根據(jù)句意可知，該句為虛擬語氣，表示對將來情況的虛擬，從句應用wouldlive。故A正確。答案：A?；A(chǔ)演練一，單項選擇。1.Ifonlyhe____quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.lies B.lay C.hadlain D.shouldlie2.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.has B.had C.willhave D.hadhad3.Youdidnotletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you____sotired.A.drove;didn’tget B.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tget D.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot4._____itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will5.Isuggestedtheperson_____tobeputintoprison.A.refers B.referring C.referred D.refer6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____.A.breaks B.hasbroken C.werebroken D.hadbeenbroken7.Iinsisted_____toseeadoctor,butheinsistednothing___wrongwithhim.A.onhimtogo;shouldbe B.hewent;beC.hego;was D.heshouldto;is8.---Yourauntinvitesyoutothemoviestoday.---Ihadrathershe____metomorrowthantoday.A.tells B.told C.wouldtell D.hadtold9.---Wouldyouhavecalledheruphaditbeenpossible.---Yes,butI____busydoingmyhomework.A.was B.were C.hadbeen D.wouldbe10.Iwasillthatday,otherwiseI____thesportsmeet.A.wouldhavetakenpartin B.tookpartinC.hadtakenpartin D.wouldtakepartinKeys：1-10CBDBCCCBAA 鞏固提高單項選擇。1.___theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasilyA.Haditnotbeenfor B.Ifitwerenot C.Ifithadnotbeenfor D.Wereitnotfor2.Ifmylawyer____herelastSunday,he____mefromgoingA.hadbeen,wouldhaveprevented B.hadbeen,wouldpreventC.were,prevent D.were,wouldhaveprevented3.（2015北京高三順義第一學期期末考試）—Helooksveryhotanddry.—Sowouldyouifyou______atemperatureof40.have B.had C.wouldhave D.havehad(2015北京高三豐臺一模)Althoughthetest_____looklikeasimpleone,greatcareisneeded.may B.must C.should D.need（2015北京高三朝陽一模）—Congratulations!Ihearyou’vewonthefirstprizeinthesingingcompetition.—You_____bemistaken.I’minthedanceclass.must B.may C.should D.couldKeys： 1-5DABAA 一，單項選擇。1.Ididnotseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe____,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascome B.didcome C.come D.hadcome2.He____busyyesterday,orhe___youwithyourexperiment.A.was,hadhelped B.was,wouldhavehelped C.hadbeen,wouldhavehelped D.were,wouldhavehelped3.Ifit____forthesnow,we____themountainyesterday.A.werenot,couldhaveclimb B.werenot,couldclimb C.hadnotbeen,couldhaveclimbed D.hadn’tbeen,couldclimb4.Withoutelectricity,humanlife____quitedifficulttoday.A.is B.willbe C.wouldhavebeen D.wouldbe5.---Iamgoingtotellherthenews.---Iwouldassoonyou_____heraboutit.A.didn’ttell B.don’ttell C.hadn’ttell D.won’ttell6.Mike’sfather,aswellashismother,insistedhe____home.A.stayed B.couldstay C.hasstayed D.stay7.Itwasrequestedthattheplay____again.A.shouldputon B.wouldputon C.beputon D.puton8.Sheinsistedthatadoctor_____immediately.A.hadsentfor B.send C.besentfor D.wassent9.---Didyouscoldhimforhiscarelessness.----Yes,but____it.A.I’drathernotdo B.I’drathernothavedone C.Ishould’tdo D.I’dbetternotdo10.IfonlyI___mycar.A.hadn’tlost B.wouldn’tlose C.didn’tlose D.haven’tlost11.Butforwater,it____impossibletoliveintheearth.A.is B.would C.were D.wouldn’tbe12.Iwouldratheryou____anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.A.do B.didn’tdo C.don’t D.didn’t13.Thekind-heartedcoupletreattheorphanverywellasthoughhe____theirownson.A.is B.were C.hadbeen D.shouldbe14.Howtheoldpeoplewishthatthey____youngoncemore.A.were B.couldbecome C.hadbeen D.shouldbe15.Itishightimethatwe____ameetingtodiscussthisproblem.A.hold B.held C.haveheld D.hadheldKeys:1-15DBCDADCCBACBBAB__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________完型填空。MyfirstexpeditionWhenIwasabouttwelve,I1thechancetogotowesternChina,lookingforrareplantsinanextraordinaryareaofmountainsandforests.Iwasn'tallthat2inplants,butmydad'sabotanistby3andhewasgoingasanassistanttoProfessorBeal,whowas4theexpedition.Itwasanimportantinternationalexpeditionandmynamewas5notonthelistofparticipants.Butatthe6moment,oneoftheexpertsbrokehisankleandhadto7out.Itwasimpossibletogetanyoneelsetogoatsuch8notice,somydadsuggestedtakingme,9theexperience.Ithinktheprofessorwassosurprisedthatheagreedwithoutthinking,butheobviouslybeganto10doubtsassoonastheplanewasintheair.Irememberhim11thathehopedIwasn'tgoingtorunaroundand12onrarespecimens!AsifIwasalittlekid.Mydaddidn'tsayanythingasbadasthat,buthedidsaythathehopedhewasn'tgoingto13bringingme.ItriedtobereallyquietsotheywouldforgetIwasthere.Theydidn'trealizeitatthe14,butmyambitionwastogetaphotoofawildpanda.And,ofcourse,intheendthat's15whatIdid.1.A.got B.found C.reached D.received2.A.fascinated B.keen C.interested D.fond3.A.work B.profession C.job D.employment4.A.offering B.giving C.leading D.exploring5.A.completely B.definitely C.particularly D.confidently6.A.late B.final C.last D.end7.A.drop B.slip C.fall D.look8.A.quick B.brief C.fast D.short9.A.to B.for C.on D.of10.A.have B.see C.do D.feel11.A.speaking B.telling C.talking D.saying12.A.step B.spoil C.squash D.ruin13.A.discourage B.regret C.disappoint D.apologize14.A.minute B.point C.event D.time15.A.perfectly B.correctly C.exactly D.accurately二，寫作。假設你是紅星中學高二（1）班的學生李華，去年你作為交換生在美國學習和生活了半年。請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇關(guān)于你在美國學習和生活情況的短文，向?qū)W校英語報社的投稿。注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。StudyandliveinAmericaLasttermIstayedinAmericaforhalfayearasanexchangestudent.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________