UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATION核心要點突破高中英語核心要點突破和檢測（人教版2019）

UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATION核心要點突破（含答案）1.disappointedadj.失望的，沮喪的→disappointvt.使失望/沮喪→disappointingadj.令人失望的→disappointmentn.失望，沮喪【高考鏈接】Hearingthis，heloweredhiseyes，obviouslydisappointed.(情感描寫)聽了這話，他垂下眼睛，顯然很失望。【當堂檢測】單句語法填空/同義句轉(zhuǎn)換①__________(disappoint)athisfailingtowinaprize，helockedhimselfinhisroom.②Totheirdisappointment，theyfailedtocookaMother’sDaybreakfastatthefirstattempt.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)→_______________________________________________wasthattheyfailedtocookaMother’sDaybreakfastatthefirstattempt.(what引導(dǎo)的主語從句)→TheyfailedtocookaMother’sDaybreakfastatthefirstattempt，_______________________________________________.(定語從句)【用法小結(jié)】bedisappointedat/with/by...對……失望bedisappointedtodosth對做某事失望bedisappointedthat...對……失望toone’sdisappointment令某人失望的是2.desiren.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望【高考鏈接】KnowingyouhaveastrongdesiretolearnChinesewell，I’dliketoofferyousomesuggestions.(建議信)得知你很想學(xué)好漢語，我想給你一些建議?！井斕脵z測】一句多譯失望的雙胞胎想要父親告訴他們?nèi)绾巫鋈髦?，他點點頭。(動作描寫)→Thedisappointedtwinsdesiredtheirfather__________________________，andhenodded.→Thedisappointedtwinsdesiredthattheirfather__________________________，andhenodded.【用法小結(jié)】haveadesiretodosth渴望做某事haveadesireforsth渴望得到某物desiretodosth渴望做某事desiresbtodosth渴望某人做某事desirethat...(should)do...渴望……3.signalvt.&vi.標志著；標明；發(fā)信號n.信號；標志；預(yù)示；信號燈【高考鏈接】Iranuptothecar，tookhimbythearmandsignal(l)edhimtofollowme.(動作描寫)我跑向汽車，拉住他的胳膊，示意他跟我走?！井斕脵z測】單句語法填空/補全句子①TheLanternFestivalfallsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth，________(signal)theendoftheSpringFestivalcelebrations.(傳統(tǒng)文化)②Thedriverlifteduptheinjuredboy，placedhiminthecarandrushedhimtothehospital，__________________________.(動作鏈)司機抱起受傷的男孩，把他放在車里，匆忙把他送到醫(yī)院，忽視了一路上的交通信號?！居梅ㄐ〗Y(jié)】signal(to)sbtodosth示意某人做某事signalthat示意……trafficsignals交通信號燈4.lackn.缺乏；短缺vt.沒有；缺乏→lackingadj.不足的；缺乏的【高考鏈接】Healthproblemsarecloselyconnectedwithbadeatinghabitsand(a)lackofexercise.健康問題與不好的飲食習慣和缺乏鍛煉密切相關(guān)。【當堂檢測】一句多譯由于缺乏自信和經(jīng)驗，簡完全不知道該如何應(yīng)付這可怕的情況。→__________________________，Janewasquiteatalossastohowtodealwiththeterriblesituation.(分詞短語作狀語)→__________________________，Janewasquiteatalossastohowtodealwiththeterriblesituation.(lackn.)→__________________________，Janewasquiteatalossastohowtodealwiththeterriblesituation.(lackingadj.)【用法小結(jié)】(a)lackof缺少……for/throughlackof因缺少……belackingin缺乏……5.arguevi.&vt.(argued，argued，arguing)論證；爭辯；爭論；主張；說服→argumentn.爭論；爭吵；論點【高考鏈接】HeencouragedmeandarguedthatIshouldworkontheprojectalone.(2022·浙江卷)他鼓勵我并主張我應(yīng)該獨自完成該課題。【當堂檢測】單句語法填空/補全句子①60%oftheintervieweesargue________rubbishclassificationandclaimthattheywilldothisintheirdailylife.②Itisbeyond________(argue)thattheGreatWallisthesymbolofChina.③IthoughtIcould_______________________________________________mymoneyasIwished.(2021·浙江卷)我原以為我能說服我的父母允許我按照我自己的意愿花錢。【用法小結(jié)】arguewithsbabout/oversth因某事與某人爭吵/爭論arguefor/against(doing)sth據(jù)理贊成/反對(做)某事arguethat...主張……，認為……arguesbinto/outofdoingsth說服某人做/不做某事6.attachvt.系；綁；貼→attachedadj.附加的；附屬的；依戀的，愛慕的→attachmentn.附件；附屬品；依戀【高考鏈接】Handwritingisofsuchgreatimportancethateveryoneshouldattachgreatimportancetoit.書寫至關(guān)重要，每個人都應(yīng)重視。【當堂檢測】單句語法填空/補全句子①Formoredetailedinformation，youmightaswellcheckthe________(attach)poster.②Tobehonest，alotofpeopleattachgreatimportanceto________(bee)richandfamous.③Shefoundaboxlyingonthetable________________________，saying“Happybirthday”.她發(fā)現(xiàn)桌子上放著一個盒子，盒子上貼著一張卡片，上面寫著“生日快樂”?！居梅ㄐ〗Y(jié)】attach...to...把……固定/附在……上attachgreatimportance/significanceto...認為……很重要/很有意義beattachedto附屬于；依戀7.resultin導(dǎo)致；造成【高考鏈接】Notonlydidthefestivalmakeusknowmoreaboutdiversecultures，butitalsoresultedinmutualunderstandingandfriendship.(2022·浙江1月)文化節(jié)不僅使我們更多地了解了不同的文化，也促進了彼此的理解和友誼?！井斕脵z測】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換/一句多譯①Itisknowntousthathardworkresultsinsuccess.→Asisknowntous，success________________.②由于缺乏社交而產(chǎn)生的誤解，如果處理不當，可能會導(dǎo)致嚴重的問題。(分詞短語作定語)→Misunderstandings________________________，ifnothandledproperly，may________________.→Misunderstandings________________________，ifnothandledproperly，may________________.【用法小結(jié)】resultfrom/arisefrom由……造成；因……而產(chǎn)生asaresult/consequence結(jié)果asaresultof由于……的結(jié)果withoutresult沒有結(jié)果；白費8.runout用完；耗盡【高考鏈接】Inthefuture，carefortheenvironmentwillbeeveryimportantasearth’snaturalresourcesarerunningout.在未來，愛護環(huán)境將變得很重要，因為地球的自然資源瀕臨枯竭?！井斕脵z測】用run的相關(guān)短語填空/補全句子①Shehas________allhermoneyandherpatienceisalso________.②Themomentwe________acutewildrabbit，werodeourhorsesand________itwithouthesitation.③Ihad________________andIbegantoexplodewithanger.(情緒描寫)我已經(jīng)失去了所有的耐心，我開始勃然大怒?！居梅ㄐ〗Y(jié)】runoutof用光，用完(人作主語，有被動語態(tài))runacross偶然遇到runafter追逐；追求runinto撞上；遇上，偶然遇到；碰上(困境、麻煩等)9.句型公式：the＋序數(shù)詞(＋n.)＋動詞不定式【教材原句】Afterwards，theUSSRfocusedonsendingpeopleintospace，andon12April1961，YuriGagainbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.后來，蘇聯(lián)專注于把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成為世界上第一個進入太空的人?！靖呖兼溄印縅ohnwasthefirstpersontothinkofmakingpopcorntohelpBernardearnsomeextramoney.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)約翰是第一個想出做爆米花幫助伯納德掙外快的人?！井斕脵z測】單句語法填空/補全句子①LiZiqiisanonlinecelebrity，whoisalsothefirstChinesevlogger________(have)morethan10millionfansoverseas.②AsfarasIknow，Amywastheonlyperson________(witness)thecaraccident.③Personally，IthinkI________________________.(申請信)就個人而言，我認為我是做這個工作的最佳人選?！居梅ㄐ〗Y(jié)】當中心詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級、thenext，theonly，theright，thelast等修飾時，常用動詞不定式作后置定語。動詞不定式作定語常用來修飾ability，chance，opportunity，way，right，ambition，patience，anxiety，attempt等名詞。參考答案1.disappointedadj.失望的，沮喪的→disappointvt.使失望/沮喪→disappointingadj.令人失望的→disappointmentn.失望，沮喪【當堂檢測】單句語法填空/同義句轉(zhuǎn)換①Disappointed(disappoint)athisfailingtowinaprize，helockedhimselfinhisroom.②Totheirdisappointment，theyfailedtocookaMother’sDaybreakfastatthefirstattempt.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)→Whatmadethemdisappointed/WhatdisappointedthemwasthattheyfailedtocookaMother’sDaybreakfastatthefirstattempt.(what引導(dǎo)的主語從句)→TheyfailedtocookaMother’sDaybreakfastatthefirstattempt，whichmadethemdisappointed/disappointedthem.(定語從句)2.desiren.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望【當堂檢測】一句多譯失望的雙胞胎想要父親告訴他們?nèi)绾巫鋈髦?，他點點頭。(動作描寫)→Thedisappointedtwinsdesiredtheirfathertotellthemhowtomakesandwiches，andhenodded.→Thedisappointedtwinsdesiredthattheirfather(should)tellthemhowtomakesandwiches，andhenodded.3.signalvt.&vi.標志著；標明；發(fā)信號n.信號；標志；預(yù)示；信號燈【當堂檢測】單句語法填空/補全句子①TheLanternFestivalfallsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth，signal(l)ing(signal)theendoftheSpringFestivalcelebrations.(傳統(tǒng)文化)②Thedriverlifteduptheinjuredboy，placedhiminthecarandrushedhimtothehospital，ignoringthetrafficsignalsalltheway.(動作鏈)司機抱起受傷的男孩，把他放在車里，匆忙把他送到醫(yī)院，忽視了一路上的交通信號。4.lackn.缺乏；短缺vt.沒有；缺乏→lackingadj.不足的；缺乏的【當堂檢測】一句多譯由于缺乏自信和經(jīng)驗，簡完全不知道該如何應(yīng)付這可怕的情況?！鶯ackingconfidenceandexperience，Janewasquiteatalossastohowtodealwiththeterriblesituation.(分詞短語作狀語)→For/Throughlackofconfidenceandexperience，Janewasquiteatalossastohowtodealwiththeterriblesituation.(lackn.)→Lackinginconfidenceandexperience，Janewasquiteatalossastohowtodealwiththeterriblesituation.(lackingadj.)5.arguevi.&vt.(argued，argued，arguing)論證；爭辯；爭論；主張；說服→argumentn.爭論；爭吵；論點【當堂檢測】單句語法填空/補全句子①60%oftheintervieweesargueforrubbishclassificationandclaimthattheywilldothisintheirdailylife.②Itisbeyondargument(argue)thattheGreatWallisthesymbolofChina.③IthoughtIcouldarguemyparentsintoallowingmetousemymoneyasIwished.(2021·浙江卷)我原以為我能說服我的父母允許我按照我自己的意愿花錢。6.attachvt.系；綁；貼→attachedadj.附加的；附屬的；依戀的，愛慕的→attachmentn.附件；附屬品；依戀【當堂檢測】單句語法填空/補全句子①Formoredetailedinformation，youmightaswellchecktheattached(attach)poster.②Tobehonest，alotofpeopleattachgreatimportancetobeing(bee)richandfamous.③Shefoundaboxlyingonthetablewithacardattachedtoit，saying“Happybirthday”.她發(fā)現(xiàn)桌子上放著一個盒子，盒子上貼著一張卡片，上面寫著“生日快樂”。7.resultin導(dǎo)致；造成【當堂檢測】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換/一句多譯①Itisknowntousthathardworkresultsinsuccess.→Asisknowntous，successresultsfrom