2025屆新高考英語精準(zhǔn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句

2025屆新高考英語精準(zhǔn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)

名詞性從句名詞性從句：在句中的作用相當(dāng)于名詞在句中所起的作用（句子成分），因此被稱為名詞性從句。名詞性從句引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：①連接詞：that,whether,if。That本身無詞義，可省略；weather,if本身有詞義，不可省略。這三個連詞在句中只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)句子成分。②連接代詞：who,whom,whose,what,which,whatever,whichever,whoever等，連接代詞在句中既起連接作用又在句中充當(dāng)成分。③連接副詞：when,where,how,why.連接副詞在句中既起連接作用又作狀語。這類詞引導(dǎo)的從句在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、同位語。表語從句賓語從句主語從句同位語從句主語從句

定義：用作主語的從句叫做主語從句。

引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有三類：(1)從屬連詞that。Thattheywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthefacialresemblancebetweenthem.很明顯，她們確是親姐妹，她們的臉型很相似。(2)從屬連詞whether。Whetherhe’llcomehereisn’tclear.他是否會來這里還不清楚。(3)連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever連接副詞where,when,how,why。如：Whatshedidisnotyetknown.她干了什么尚不清楚。Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.這事怎樣發(fā)生的，誰也不清楚。Whoevercomesiswelcome.不論誰來都?xì)g迎。Whereveryouareismyhome----myonlyhome.你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。常以it作形式主語的句型有：（1）It+be+形容詞(obvious明顯的,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that從句。如：Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.毫無疑問她考試成績會很好。Itisprobablethathetoldhereverything.很可能他把一切都告訴她了。（2）It+be+名詞詞組(nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc.)+that從句。如：It’sapitythatwecan’tgo.很遺憾我們不能去。It’sagoodthingthatwerealizetheimportance…It’snosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.我們沒贏這場比賽真意外。（3）It+be+過去分詞(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that從句。如：ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.據(jù)說格林先生已經(jīng)到了北京。ItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman-madeearthsatelliteintoorbit.據(jù)報道中國又成功地發(fā)射了一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星。賓語從句定義：用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有三類：（1）從屬連詞that。如：Hetoldusthathefeltill.他對我們說他感到不舒服。Iknowhehasreturned.我知道他已經(jīng)回來了。注：that在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時也并不是任何情況下都可以省略。在以下情況下，that不能省略。（2）從屬連詞if/whether。如：Idoubtwhetherhewillsucceed.我懷疑他是否會成功。Idon’tknowifyoucanhelpme.我不知道你能否幫助我。（3）連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever連接副詞where,when,how,why。如：

Whoorwhathewas,Martinneverlearned.他是什么人？他是干什么的？馬丁根本不知道。Iwonderwhathe’swritingtomeabout.我不知道他要給我寫信說什么事。I’lltellyouwhyIaskedyoutocome.我會告訴你我為什么要你來。Youmaydowhatyouwill.你可做任何你想做的事。表語從句用作表語的從句叫做表語從句，通常位于連系動詞之后，這類的連系動詞有：be,look,remain,seem等(1)從屬連詞that。如：ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.麻煩是我把他的地址丟了。(2)從屬連詞whether,as,asif。如：Helookedjustashehadlookedtenyearsbefore.他看起來還與十年前一樣。Thequestionis

whethertheywillbeabletohelpus.問題是他們是否能幫我們。（3）連接代詞who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever等；（4）連接副詞when,where,why,how,however,whenever,wherever等同位語從句同位語從句用來對其前面的抽象名詞進(jìn)行解釋說明，被解釋說明的詞和同位語在邏輯上是主表關(guān)系（即被解釋說明的詞=同位語）同位語從句的先行詞多為fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,report,remark，hope，belief，suggestion，truth等，1.引導(dǎo)詞多用從屬連詞that。如：Theywereallverymuchworriedoverthefactthatyouweresick.That引導(dǎo)定從時需做成分。對你生病這件事，他們都很焦慮。Wheredidyougettheidea

thatIcouldnotcome?你在哪兒聽說我不能來？EarlyinthedaycamethenewsthatGermanyhaddeclaredwaronRussia.德國已對俄國宣戰(zhàn)的消息一大早就傳來了。2.注：同位語從句偶爾由從屬連詞whether引導(dǎo)。如：Ihavenoidea

whetherhe’llcomeornot.我不知道他是否來。3.連接代詞who,which,what和連接副詞where,when,why,how亦可引導(dǎo)同位語從句。Thequestion

whoshoulddothework

requires需要consideration.誰該干這項工作，這個問題需要考慮。Wehaven'tyetsettledthequestion

wherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.到哪兒去度暑假，這個問題我們還沒有決定。Itisaquestion

howhedidit.那是一個他如何做了此事的問題。同位語從句VS定語從句(1）句法功能上同位語從句中that只起連接從句的作用，無意義。在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分。不可省。定語從句中that不僅起連接作用，還在從句中替代先行詞充當(dāng)一個句子成分。但在從句中作賓語時可省略。ThenewsthatMr.LiwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue.(同位語從句，that不可省。)李先生將是我們的新英語老師這個消息是真的。Thenews

(that)hetoldmeyesterdayistrue.(定語從句，that在從句中作told的賓語，可省。)Imadeapromise

thatifanyonesetmefreeIwouldmakehimveryrich.我許諾如果誰讓我自由，我就讓他非常富有(同位語從句，補(bǔ)充說明promise到底是一個什么諾言)Themothermadea

promise

thatpleased（動詞）allherchildren.媽媽做出了一個令她的孩子們高興的許諾(定語從句，promise在從句中作pleased的主語)（2）意義上同位語從句是被修飾名詞的內(nèi)容。定語從句起限定作用，是定語。（3）同位語從句前面的名詞只能是有一定內(nèi)涵的名詞；定語從句的先行詞可以是名詞、代詞、主句的一部分或是整個主句。Weshoulddoeverything代詞

that做主語

makeourselveshappy.Hehaspassedthecollegeentranceexamination,whichmakeshisparentsquitehappy.(通常情況下，非限制性定語從句的先行詞可以是一個詞，也可以是句子的一部分，甚至是整個主句)（4）有些引導(dǎo)詞如how，whether，what可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句，但不能引導(dǎo)定語從句，如：Thatquestionwhetherweneedithasnotbeenconsidered.我們是否需要它這個問題還沒有考慮(同位語從句)Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim.我不知道他發(fā)生了什么事(同位語從句)小測：1.Hissisterwasmarried.That’s_____hedidn’ttakethefinalexam.A.whyB.whatC.thatD.because2.―Tellmesomethingaboutyouradventureinthemountain.―Welostourwaythereand_______mademattersworsewas_______itbegantosnow.A.it：thatB.it；becauseC.what；becauseD.what；that3.Wearedelightedatthenews_______wearegoingtoYunnannextweek.A.whatB.thatC.whenD.which4.Inthiscompanyfewerandfeweremployeesarewillingtodo_______theyareaskedtodo.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whether5.一I'mafraidIhavetogiveitup.—Don'tbediscouraged.Remember______stickstohisworkwillsucceedoneday.A.anyoneB.whoC.whateverD.whoever6.Myparentsdon‘tcare（動詞）____mypocketmoneygoes,butonethingisforsure：themoneyspentmustbeworthwhile.A.whyB.whenC.whereD.how7.Itisstilldoubtful

（形容詞）_______shewillplaythepart.A.whetherB.thatC.whichD.who8.AsfarasIsee，itisimpossible（形容詞）_______hewillwinthetennismatchthistime，A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how9.Theidea_____computerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprises（動詞）manypeople.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.how10.Ifinditnecessary（形容詞）_______weshoulddothehomeworkontime.A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.which11.Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate_______theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportationinthe21stcenturyA.whichB.thatC.whatD.who12.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas______wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.A.whereB.howC.whenD.why13.We‘llgivetheseatto_____comesfirst.A.whoeverB.whomever賓語C.thatD.which14.Wecan'tfigureout______quiteanumberofinsects，birds，andanimalsaredyingout.A.thatB.asC.whyD.when15.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal，andthisis_____Idisagree.A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how16.Thetraditionalviewis______wesleepbecauseourbrainis“programmed”tomakeusdoso.A.whenB.whyC.whetherD.that表語從句17.Maryhadthestrongbelief______somedayshecouldrealizeherdream.

A.that同位語從句

B.whatC.whichD.us18._______madetheschoolproudwas______morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What；becauseB.What；thatC.That；whatD.That；because19.—Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday'sgame?-0h，that's________A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited20.Ourbadlivinghabitswilldestroytheearth.Onlybychanging______welivecanwesavetheearth.A.thatB.whatC.howD.where21.Ihateit_______Marktalkswithhismouthfulloffood.

A.whenB.thatC.whatD.which22.Oneofthemenheldtheviewthatwhat_thebooksaidwasright.A.thatwhatB.whatthatC.thatD.whether23.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolonger_____itwas20yearsago,______itwassopoorlyequipped.A.what;whenB.th