適用于新教材2025版高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)Unit4SpaceExploration試題新人教版必修第三冊

必修第三冊UNIT4Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024湖北宜昌一模)AstudyconfirmedthatthecracksfoundonMars’ssurfacelastyearbytheCuriosityRoverareevidenceofancientlakesthatlikelydriedupabout3.5billionyearsago.ThenewstudyprovidesfurtherevidenceofwhattheclimateontheRedPlanetmayhavebeenlikeinitsancientpast.Thestudy,publishedonlineinGeology,provedthatcracksonMars’ssurfacepreviouslyphotographedbyCuriosityaredrymudcrackswhichcouldhaveonlybeenformedwhenwetgroundwasexposedtotheair.Thisconclusionwasbasedonananalysisofasingleareaofrockknownas“OldSoaker”.ResearchersusedtheCuriosityRoverandinformationfromitsmanytoolsincludingtheMarsHandLensImager,ChemCamLaser-InducedBreakdownSpectrometer(LIBS)andtheAlphaParticleX-RaySpectrometer(APXS)tostudyboththephysicalappearanceandthechemistryoftherock,whichisdescribedasnobiggerthanacoffeetable.Theanalysisshowedthatcracksontherockswereformedbyexposuretoair,ratherthanheatortheflowofwater.Inaddition,theshapeofthecrackssuggestsitexperiencedasingledryingeventontheplanet,ratherthangettingwetanddryingoverrepeatedly.Thepositionofthecracks,closertothecenteroftheancientlakeratherthanalongsideit,alsosuggeststhatthelakelevelschangedoften,risingandfallingovertime.“Themudcracksareexcitingbecausetheyhelpustounderstandthisancientlakesystem,”leadstudyauthorNathanielStein,ageologistattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyinPasadena,said,referringtotheancientlakesystemontheplanet.ScientistshaveknownoftheexistenceofancientwateronMarsforyears.A2015NASAstudythatmeasuredwaterinMars’satmospheresuggestedthatancientoceansmayoncehavehadmorewaterthanourownArcticOcean.However,becausetheplanethaslessgravityandathinneratmospherethanEarth,thiswaterevaporated(蒸發(fā))intospaceoverthecourseofseveralbillionyears.1.WhatistheCuriosityRover?A.Anorganization.B.Ascientist.C.Aplanet. D.Amachine.2.WhatdoweknowaboutthediscoveryonMars?A.Thecracksarenearthecenterofanancientlake.B.Marswasgettingwetanddryingmorethanonce.C.ThelakelevelonMarsseldomchangesovertime.D.Thecracksontherockswereformedbywaterflow.3.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.AncientwaterstillexistsonMarsnow.B.ThegravityonMarsisstrongerthanthatonEarth.C.TheatmosphereonEarthisthickerthanthatonMars.D.TheancientArcticOceanhadmorewaterthanithasnow.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.WateronMars.B.AtriptoMars.C.AstudyonMars.D.CracksonMars.B(2024安徽皖南八校三模)Whatdoesittaketobecomeanastronaut?It’saquestionthat’sbeenaskedsincethestartoftheSpaceAgeinthe1960s.Inthosedays,pilotswereconsideredthemostwell-trainedprofessionals,somilitaryflierswerefirstinlinetogotospace.Morerecently,peoplefromawiderangeofprofessionalbackgrounds—doctors,scientists,andeventeachers—havetrainedtoliveandworkinnear-Earthorbit.Evenso,thoseselectedtogotospacemustmeethighstandards.Peoplewhowanttobecomeastronautsmustbeintopphysicalcondition.Eachcountry’sspaceprogramhashealthrequirementsforitsspacetravelers.Theyusuallyassessacandidate’sfitnesstowithstandsomeprettytoughconditions.Forexample,agoodcandidatemusthavetheabilitytoenduretherigorsoflift-offandtofunctioninweightlessness.Allastronautsmusthavegoodvisualacuityandnormalbloodpressure.Beyondthat,thereisnoagelimit.Mostastronauttraineesarebetweentheagesof25and46,althougholderpeoplehavealsoflowntospacelaterintheircareers.Peoplewhogotospaceareusuallyself-confident,risk-takers,adeptatstressmanagementandmultitasking.Theyalsoneedtobeabletoworkaspartofateamforanygivenassignment.OnEarth,astronautsareusuallyrequiredtoperformvariouspublicrelationsduties,suchasspeakingtothepublic,workingwithotherprofessionals,andsometimeseventestifyingbeforegovernmentofficials.So,astronautswhocanrelatewelltomanydifferentkindsofpeopleareseenasvaluableteammembers.Often,astronautshaveabackgroundasscientistsandmanyhavehigh-leveldegrees,likePh.Ds.Othershavemilitarytrainingorspaceindustryexpertise.Regardlessoftheirbackground,onceanastronautisacceptedintoacountry’sspaceprogram,heorshegoesthroughrigoroustrainingtoactuallyliveandworkinspace.5.Whichofthefollowingisofleastimportancetoanastronaut?A.Normalbloodpressure.B.Goodeyesight.C.Toughbody.D.Youngage.6.Whyareastronautsaskedtoperformpublicduties?A.Tomakethemfamousamongpeople.B.Torelievetheirfeelingoftension.C.Toraisetheirawarenessofteamwork.D.Topromotepublicinterestintheaerospace.7.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.EveryoneCanBeanAstronautB.TheProfessionalQualitiesofanAstronautC.TrainingAstronautsisMuchEasierNowadaysD.It’sNotMysterioustobeanAstronautⅡ.完形填空(2024河北石家莊二模)IstartedcookingwhenIwasthirteen.Bothofmyparentsworked,soIwasusually1afterschool.Oneday,myparentsforgotto2dinnerbeforetheywenttowork.Aswewereshortofmoney,eatingoutwasbeyond3.SoIdecidedtobethe4oftheday.

Afewmomentslater,I5tocookfriedrice,thebestoptionoutof6resources,includingmycookingknowledge.After7apanonthestoveandturninguptheheat,itsoonbegantosizzle.IwassohungrythatI8andthreweverythingintothepanalltogether.Inwentrice,piecesofmeatandvegetables.LittledidIknowthatthe9ofingredients(食材)wascrucialincooking.I10waitedforthemeattobethoroughlycooked,butotheringredientswere11.Atfirst,Imistookitasasteamfromcooking,butIsoon12somethingwenthorriblywrongwhensmoke13tofillthekitchen.

Laterthatday,mymothertoldme,“Youcannotrushyourselfwhencooking.”Rather,Ishouldtakesteps,turningtothebasics,suchaslearningabouttheingredientsand14therecipe.

I’velearnedthatthefirst15seemshardbutweshouldjuststartandletthejourneyteachus.

1.A.alone B.energeticC.anxious D.excited2.A.enjoy B.prepareC.serve D.take3.A.expectation B.controlC.description D.budget4.A.owner B.rulerC.chef D.researcher5.A.agreed B.settledC.failed D.switched6.A.various B.deliciousC.pricey D.limited7.A.placing B.coveringC.washing D.breaking8.A.quit B.sleptC.rushed D.collapsed9.A.standard B.orderC.quality D.amount10.A.proudly B.unconsciouslyC.fearfully D.eagerly11.A.burning B.explodingC.disappearing D.mixing12.A.insisted B.declaredC.grasped D.explained13.A.stopped B.reducedC.existed D.emerged14.A.workingon B.fixingonC.referringto D.contributingto15.A.race B.tryC.route D.ride

參考答案必修第三冊UNIT4Ⅰ.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了火星上的裂縫。一項探討證明,去年“新奇號”火星探測器在火星表面發(fā)覺的裂縫是遠(yuǎn)古湖泊干枯的證據(jù),并分析了該裂縫。1.D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段內(nèi)容可知這項發(fā)表在《地質(zhì)學(xué)》雜志網(wǎng)絡(luò)版上的探討證明,之前“新奇號”拍攝到的火星表面的裂縫是干泥裂縫,只有在潮濕的地面暴露在空氣中時才會形成。由此可知,CuriosityRover是火星探測器。2.A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中“Thepositionofthecracks,closertothecenteroftheancientlakeratherthanalongsideit,alsosuggeststhatthelakelevelschangedoften,risingandfallingovertime.”可知,這些裂縫靠近一個古湖的中心。3.C推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中“However,becausetheplanethaslessgravityandathinneratmospherethanEarth”可知,地球的大氣層比火星的厚。4.D主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容以及下文對該裂縫的分析,可知,這篇文章是關(guān)于火星裂縫的。故選D項?！菊Z篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要分析了成為一名宇航員須要具備的條件。5.D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“Beyondthat,thereisnoagelimit.Mostastronauttraineesarebetweentheagesof25and46,althougholderpeoplehavealsoflowntospacelaterintheircareers.”可知,成為宇航員并沒有嚴(yán)格的年齡限制,甚至有人在年齡較大的時候也飛向過太空,可知相比其他條件,年齡對于宇航員是最不重要的。6.C推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中“Theyalsoneedtobeabletoworkaspartofateam...So,astronautswhocanrelatewelltomanydifferentkindsofpeopleareseenasvaluableteammembers.”可知,宇航員被要求履行公共職責(zé)是熬煉他們的團(tuán)隊合作實力,提高他們的團(tuán)隊合作意識,使他們成為團(tuán)隊中有價值的成員。7.B主旨大意題。文章第一句“Whatdoesittaketobecomeanastronaut?”以設(shè)問的方式引起下文,是文章的主旨句,接下來詳細(xì)分析了成為一名宇航員須要具備的專業(yè)素養(yǎng),包括身體素養(yǎng)、心理素養(yǎng)、專業(yè)學(xué)問等,所以B項“宇航員的職業(yè)素養(yǎng)”概括了文章內(nèi)容,適合作為標(biāo)題。Ⅱ.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講解并描述了自己第一次學(xué)做飯的經(jīng)驗,告知我們第一次嘗試好像很難,但我們總應(yīng)當(dāng)起先。1.A依據(jù)上文“Bothofmyparentsworked”可知“我”的父母都在工作