2024年全國成考（專升本）之英語（專升本）考試絕密預(yù)測題詳細(xì)參考解析

姓名:_________________編號:_________________地區(qū):_________________省市:_________________ 密封線 姓名:_________________編號:_________________地區(qū):_________________省市:_________________ 密封線 密封線 全國成考（專升本）考試重點試題精編注意事項:1.全卷采用機器閱卷，請考生注意書寫規(guī)范；考試時間為120分鐘。2.在作答前，考生請將自己的學(xué)校、姓名、班級、準(zhǔn)考證號涂寫在試卷和答題卡規(guī)定位置。

3.部分必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題部分必須使用黑色簽字筆書寫，字體工整，筆跡清楚。

4.請按照題號在答題卡上與題目對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)規(guī)范作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效:在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。一、選擇題

1、Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.Theyhave_____21_____thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthanwe_____22_____before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.Fromthe_____23_____beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe____24______theyhearusmake.They""read"the_____25_____onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis_____26_____itissoimportanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbaby′sfirst_____27_____towardbecomingareader,becauseit_____28_____her?tolovelanguageandtolearnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,_____29_____talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethingsshedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou_____30_____together.Letherknowyouarecarefully_____31_____whatshesays.Bykeepingherin_____32_____andlistening,youare_____33_____encouragingyourchildtothinkas?shespeaks._____34_____,youareshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto____35______learning.

2、ValenciaisintheeastpartofSpain.Ithasaportonthesea,twomilesawayfromthecoast.ItisthecapitalofaprovincethatisalsonamedValencia.Thecityisamarketcenterforwhatisproducedbythelandaroundthecity.Mostofthecity'smoneyismadefromfarming.Itisalsoabusybusinesscity,withships,railwaysclothesandmachinefactories.Valenciahasanoldpartwithwhitebuildings,coloredroofs,andnarrowstreets.Themodernparthaslong,widestreetsandnewbuildings.Valenciaiswellknownforitsparksandgardens.Ithasmanyoldchurchesandmuseums.TheUniversityinthecenterofthecitywasbuiltinthe13thcentury.Thecityofvalenciahasbeenknownsincethe2ndcentury.Inthe8thcenturyitwasthecapitalofSpain.ThereisalsoanimportantcityinVenzuela(委內(nèi)瑞拉)namedValencia.Fromthetext,howmanyplaceshavethenameValencia?（）A.OneB.TwoC.ThreeD.Four

3、Gobacktoyourroomandleaveme__________A.aloneB.lonelyC.alongD.almost

4、Pleasemakesurethatyournameisenteredinthe_________spacewhenyoufilloutthisform.A.vacantB.bareC.blankD.empty

5、Enoughsleepisimportanttohealth.Theamountofsleep21dependsontheageofthepersonandtheconditionsinwhichsleep22.Theyoungmayneedmoresleepthantheold,but23eighthoursisenoughforthehealthofgrown-ups.Somecandowithlessthanthisamountbut24mayneedmore.Everypersonknowshisownneed.Itisthenamatterofhowto25it.Sleepshouldbealwaysenoughtomakeonerelaxed(松弛)andreadyfor26work.Freshairis27tosoundsleep(酣睡).Itisnot28reasonforsomepeopletoinsistthatitispracticaltosleepintheopenair.29apersoncankeephimselfwarm,outof-doorsleepingprobablygivesthebody30completerelaxtion.Abilitytosleepislargelyahabit.Theconditionsreferredtoonlyleadtosleep.Out-of-door31,agoodhabitofregulardrinkingandtheavoidanceoflateeatingand32areallhelpfultosoundsleep.Suchfactorsarelargelywithinthe33ofanyperson.Abathat34,neitherhotnorcoldbutofbodytemperature,maybehelpfultosleep.Sleepingpillsshouldneverbetakenexceptwhensuggestedby35.A.fightB.planC.controlD.thought

6、根據(jù)以下材料，回答40-43題Tomwasagedfourbuthewastalkinglikeatwo-year-oldbaby.Hewassayingsuchthingsas"kickball"and"wantcar",andusinglotsofone-wordsentences.Heshouldhavebeensayingsomereallylongsentencesandtellingstorieswiththem.Hewasn't.Somethinghadgoneterriblywrong.Quiteafewchildrenhavewhatiscalleda"languagedelay".Forsomereasontheydon'tlearntospeakasquicklyastheyshould.Theirfriendsshootaheadandthey'releftbehind.Asaresult,theygetverylonely.Nobodywantstotalktoyouifyoucan'ttalkback.CananythingbedonetohelpthesechildrenYes.Theycangotoseeaspeechtherapist--apersonwho'sspeciallytrainedtoworkoutwhat'swrongandwhoknowshowtoteachlanguagetochildren.ThisiswhathappenedtoTom.Thespeechtherapistplayedsomegameswithhimandheardhowhetalked.Shemadearecordingofhisspeech,andchattedtohismornanddadabouthisbackground.They'dtakenTomtoseeadoctor,butthedoctorhadn'tfoundanythingwrongwithhim.Heseemedperfectlynormalineveryway--excepthejustwasn'ttalking.AfterTomandhisparentshadgonehome,thetherapistlistenedcarefullytotherecordingshe'dmade.Thenshelookedatachartwhichshowedhowlanguagedevelopedinchildrenagedtwo,three,andfour.ShecouldseeTomwasalongwaybehind.Thenextstep,shedecided,wastoteachTomhowtosaysomenewsentenceslike"kickaredball,"and"theclowniskickingaball."Tomdidn'tgetthenewsentencesrightstraightaway.Butthetherapistwasverypatient,andafterafewmorevisitshestartedtomakesomeprogress.WhatdidthespeechtherapistdotohelpTomA.ShetoldothersthatTomwasnormalineverywayB.SheaskedTomtoplaywithsomeotherchildrenC.Shemadesomerecordingsofhisparents'speechD.ShetaughtTomnewsentencesinapatientway

7、Lookingbackonmychildhood,Iamconvincedthatnaturalistsarebornandnotmade.Althoughwewerebroughtupinthesameway,mybrothersandsisterssoonabandonedtheirpressedflowersandinsects.Unlikethem,Ihadnoearformusicandlanguages.IwasnotanearlyreaderandIcouldnotdomentalarithmetic.BeforeWorldWarⅠwespentoursummerholidaysinHungary.Ihaveonlythedimmemoryofthehousewelivedin,ofmyroomandmytoys.NordoIrecallclearlythelargefamilyofgrandparents,aunts,unclesandcousinswhogatherednextdoor.ButIdohaveacrystalclearmemoryofthedogs,thefarmanimals,thelocalbirds,andaboveall,theinsects.Iamanaturalist,notascientist.Ihaveastrongloveofthenaturalworldandmyenthusiasmhadledmeintovariedinvestigations.Ilovediscussingmyfavoritetopicsandenjoyburningthemidnightoilwhilereadingaboutotherpeople'sobservationsanddiscoveries.Thensomethinghappensthatbringstheseobservationstogetherinmyconsciousmind.Suddenlyyoufancyyouseetheanswertotheriddle,becauseitallseemstofittogether.Thishasresultedinmypublishing300papers,andbooks,whichsomemighthonourwiththetitleofscientificresearch.Butcuriosityakeeneye,agoodmemoryandenjoymentoftheanimalandplantworlddonotmakeascientist:onetheoutstandingandessentialqualitiesrequiredisself-discipline,aqualityIlack.Ascientistrequiresnotonlyself-disciplinebuthardtraining,determinationandagoal.Ascientist,uptoapoint,canbemade.Anaturalistisborn.Ifyoucancombinethetwo,yougetthebestofbothworlds.Theauthorsaysthatheisanaturalistratherthanascientistprobablybecausehethinkshe____.（）A.comesupwithsolutionsinamostnaturalwayB.lackssomeofthequalitiesrequiredofascientistC.justreadsaboutotherpeople'sobservationsanddiscoveriesD.hasagreatdealoftroubledoingmentalarithmetic

8、Thetrumpetplayerwascertainlyloud.ButIwasn′tbotheredbyhisloudness__________byhislack?oftalent.A.thanB.morethanC.asD.somuchas

9、Thepolicechieforderedthatparking____onMainStreetduringtherushhour.（）A.beprohibitedB.beprohibitingC.isprohibitedD.wasprohibited

10、DeepinsideamountainnearSweetwaterinEastTennesseeisabady?ofwaterknownastheLost?Sea.ItislistedbytheGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsastheworld′slargestundergroundlake.TheLostSeaispartofanextensiveandhistoriccavesystemcalledCraigheadCaverns.ThecavernshavebeenknownandusedsincethedaysoftheCherokeeIndiannation.Thecave?expandsintoaseriesofhugeroomsfromasmallopeningonthesideofthemountain.Approximately?onemilefromtheentrance,inaroomcalled-TheCouncilRoom",manyIndianartifactshavebeen?found.Someoftheitemsdiscoveredincludepottery,arrowheads,weapons,andjewelry.Formanyyearstherewerepersistentrumorsofalargeundergroundlakesomewhereinacave,butitwasnotdiscovereduntil1905.Inthatyear,athirteen-year-oldboynamedBenSandscrawledthroughasmallopeningthreehundredfeetunderground.:Hefoundhimselfinalargecavehalffilled?withwater.TodaytouristsvisittheLostSeaandridefaroutontoitinglass-bottomedboatspoweredbyelectricmotors.Morethanthirteenacresofwaterhavebeenmappedoutsofarandstillnoendtothelakehasbeenfound.EventhoughteamsofdivershavetriedtoexploretheLostSea,thefullextentofitisstillunknown.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheCraigheadCavernspresentlyserveas__________.A.anundergroundtestingsiteB.anIndianmeetinggroundC.atouristattractionD.amotorboatracecourse

11、Heclaimedthathewouldbea__inthepresidentialelection,andwouldwintheelectionat?last.A.voterB.candidateC.partnerD.comrade

12、Healwaystellsliesthoughhe____honest.（）A.seemsB.looksC.feelsD.appears

13、AnnCurryisafamousnewspresenteroftheNBCNews"Today"show.Whenshewas15she?happenedtowalkintoabookstoreinherhometownandbeganlookingatthebooksontheshelves.Themanbehindthecounter,MacMcCarley,askedifshe′dlikeajob.Sheneededtostartsaving?forcollege,soshesaidyes.Annworkedafterschoolandduringsummervacations,andthejobhelpedpayforherfirstyear?ofcollege.Duringcollegeshewoulddomanyotherjobs:sheservedcoffeeinthestudents′union,wasahotelmaidandevenmademapsfortheUSForestService.Butsellingbookswasoneofthe?mostsatisfyingjobs.OnedayawomancameintothebookstoreandaskedAnnforbooksoncancer(癌癥).The?womanseemedanxious.Annshowedherpracticallyeverythingtheyhadandfoundotherbooksthey?couldorder.Thewomanleftthestorelessworried,andAnnhasalwaysrememberedtheprideshe?feltinhavinghelpedhercustomer.Yearslater,asatelevisionreporterinLosAngeles,Annheardaboutachildwhowasbornwith?problemswithhisfingersandhishand.Hisfamilycouldnotaffordasurgical(外科的)operation,andtheboylivedinshame,hidinghishandinhispocketallthetime.Annpersuadedherbosstoletherdothestory.Afterthestorywasbroadcast,adoctoranda?nursecalled,offeringtoperformthesurgicaloperationforfree.Annvisitedtheboyintherecoveryroomaftertheoperation.Thefirstthinghedidwastohold?uphisrepairedhandandsay,"Thankyou."WhatasweetsenseofsatisfactionAnnCurryfelt!AtMcCarley′sbookstore,Annalwayssensedshewasworkingforthecustomers,notthestore.Todayit′sthesame.NBCNewspaysher,butshefeelsasifsheworksforthepeoplewhowatchthe?programmes,helpingthemmakesenseoftheworld.Whatparticularlygivesherthefeelingofpride?A.HelpingpeoplethroughherworkB.ReportinginterestingstoriesC.BeingabletododifferentjobswellD.Payingthroughhercollegeeducation

14、Dave:Whatsportsdoyoulike?Rita:Ilikebasketball.Dave:Whydoyoulikeit?Rita:_____56_____Dave:Doyouwanttoplayitnow?Rita:_____57_____Dave:Whatmovie?Rita:_____58_____Dave:ButIdon′tthinkso.Actionmoviesareusuallyboringandscary.Rita:____59______Dave:Ilikecomedies.Rita:____60______第（57）題選A.IenjoyP.E.atschoolB.IlikebasketballC.Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike,thenD.Becauseit′sexcitingE.atschoolB.IlikebasketballC.Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike,thenD.Becauseit′sexcitingEIt′sanactionmovieandit′sinterestingF.Oh,Ilikecomedies,tooG.Sorry.Idon′t.IwanttogotoamovieH.Idon′tlikewatchingmovies

15、He__________attheboyintosilence.A.glancedB.observedC.watchedD.stared

16、Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.Theyhave21thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthanwe22before.Youcanhelpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.Fromthe23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe24theyhearusmake.They“read”the25onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis26itissoimportanttotalk,singandsmiletoyourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbaby'sfirst27towardbecomingareader,becauseit28hertolovelanguageandtolearnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,29talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethingsshedoes.Askherabouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Letherknowyouarecarefully31whatshesays.Bykeepingherin32andlistening,youare33encouragingyourchildtothinkasshespeaks.34,youareshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto35learning.A.careB.likeC.finishD.listeningto

17、Alice:Hi,Sam!It'snicetoseeyouhere.Sam:Hi,Alice!Alice:（56）Sam:Tomydorm.Alice:Great!CouldyoutakethisbooktoPeter?Sam:（57）DoesPeterknowwhatitisfor?Alice:Yes.（58）Sam:（59）Areyouwellpreparedforit?Alice:（60）Seeyoutomorrow!Sam:Seeyou!A.Howaboutyourpresentation?B.Heneedsitfortomorrow'spresentation.C．lthinkso.D．Whereareyouheading?E．Youarewelcome.F．Noproblem!G．WhatcanIdoforyou?H．No，thanks!第（60）題選A.Howaboutyourpresentation?B.Heneedsitfortomorrow'spresentationC.lthinksoD.Whereareyouheading?E.YouarewelcomeF.Noproblem!G.WhatcanIdoforyou?H.No，thanks!

18、Jason:Wheredoyouwork,Andrea?Andrea:IworkforThomasCookTravel.Jason:Oh,really?56Andrea:I′maguide.ItakepeopleontourstocountriesinSouthAmerica,likePeru.Jason:57Andrea:Yes,it′sagreatjob.Iloveit.58Jason:I′mastudent,andIhaveapart-timejob,too.Andrea:Oh?59Jason:Inafast-foodrestaurant.Andrea:60Jason:HamburgerHeaven.

19、Mymoneyisn'tinmypurse.Where____Ihaveputit?（）A.canB.mustC.shallD.will

20、Climate,morethananyothersinglefactor,determinesthedistributionoflifeonearth.Climaticboundariesestablishthelimitswhichorganismscansurvive.Plants,evenmorethananimals,mustbewelladaptedtoclimateinordertosurvive.Theycannotmoveaboutortakeshelterbutmustbeequippedtoendurewhateverweatherconditionsarelikelytooccur.Intheharshconditionsofthetundra,forexample,lowgrowingmosses,lichens,andafewfloweringplantsallhugthegroundforshelterfromicywinds.Animal,despitetheirabilitytomoveaboutandfindshelter,arejustasmuchinfluencedbyclimateasplantsare.Creaturessuchasthecamelandthepenguinaresohighlyspecializedthattheyhaveanextremelylimiteddistribution.Others,suchasbearsareflexibleenoughtoadapttoabroadrangeofclimates.Oceandwellingorganismsarejustassensitivetoclimaticchanges--inthiscasetemperatureandsalinity--aslandanimals.Reefcoralscansurviveonlyinclearwarmseawater.Certainforaminifersaresosensitivetochangesintheirenvironmentthattheirpresencecanbetakenasanindexofseatemperature.Humanbeingsareamongtheleastspecializedofallanimalsandcanlivealmostanywhere.Theirclothesandtheirhomesactasasortof〝miniatureclimate"thatcanbetakenwiththemeverywhere.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcanbefoundinareaswithquitedifferentclimaticconditionsonEarth?（）A.ReefcoralsB.PenguinsC.BensD.Camels

21、選出發(fā)音與其他不同的一項A.kneeB.knowC.kickD.knife

22、ThenumberofspeakersofEnglishinShakespeare'stimeisestimatedtohavebeenaboutfivemillion.Todayitisestimatedthatsome260millionpeoplespeakitasa(an)21language,mainlyintheUnitedStates,Canada,GreatBritain,Ireland,SouthAfrica,AustraliaandNewZealand.InadditiontothestandardvarietiesofEnglishfoundintheseareas,22areagreatmanyregionalandsocialvarietiesofthelanguageaswellas23levelsofusagethatareemployedbothinitsspokenandwrittenforms.Infact,itis24toestimatethenumberofpeopleintheworldwhohaveacquiredanadequateworkingknowledgeofEnglishinadditiontotheirownlanguages.The25forEnglishlearningandthesituationsinwhichsuchlearningtakesplacearesovariedthatitis26toexplainandstillmoredifficulttojudge27formsanadequateworkingknowledgeforeachsituation.Themainreasonforthewidespread28forEnglishisitspresentdayimportanceasaworldlanguage.Besides29theindefiniteneedsofitsnativespeakers,Englishisalanguageinwhichsomeofimportantworksinscience,technology,andother30arebeingproduced,andnotalwaysbynativespeakers.Itiswidelyusedfor31purposesasmeteorological(氣象的)andairportcommunications,internationalconferences,andthe32ofinformationovertheradioandtelevisionnetworksofmany33.Itisalanguageofwidercommunicationforanumberofdevelopingcountries,speciallyformerBritishcolonies.Manyofthesecountrieshavemulti-lingual34andneedalanguageforinternalcommunicationinsuchmattersasgovernment,commerce,industry,lawand35aswellasforinternationalcommunicationandforentrancetothescientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentsintheWest.A.variousB.similarC.familiarD.same

23、Itseemsthatbeautyandwomenaretwins.Youarejoking?No,Iamnot.Observeforyourself.AdsonfashionfloodTVscreens,radioprograms,magazines,newspapers,andthestreets.Whethertheyhaverealizedornot,womenarebesieged（包圍）byaseaoffashion.Theyaretaughttothinkthatwithoutbeautifulclothestheywillgrowoldandlosetheircharm.Sowhodarestoneglectdressingupatthecostoftheirappearanceandyouth?ButIdonotagreewiththeopinionthatwomenhavetoshowtheirbeautythroughtheirlooks.Therichnessoftheirmindprovestobemorebeautifulandattractivethantheirlooks.Awomanwhohasexperiencedmanytroublesandmaybecalled“aunt”or“granny”canstillmaintainherbeautyifshehassuchexcellentqualitiesasknowledge,ability,akindheart,greatcourageandconcernforothers.Inaddition,oldandyoung,beautifulanduglyarerelativeconcepts.Peoplewhokeepayoungmindwillneverfeelold.Curiousaboutnewthingsandeagertolearnmore,theykeepupwiththetide.Plainlydressedwomenmayhaveatypeofbeauty,whichispureandreal.Readingandlearningisthebestwaytokeeponeyouthful.Goodbooksarefertilesoilwhichcanfeedtheflowerofone'sheartandlooks.Whydoestheauthorsaythatbeautyandwomenaretwins?（）A.WomentrytomaintaintheirbeautybydressingupB.PeopleliketoseebeautifulwomenC.WomenareborntobebeautiesD.Womenareproudoftheirbeauty

24、Theplanhadbeen__________,whichmadehimveryangry.A.calledoffB.calledupC.calledinD.calledon

25、Theresearchlaboratoryisgoingto____thenewtypeofcomputertouse．（）A.takeB.makeC.putD.bring

26、Howmenfirstlearnedtoinventwordsisunknown;inotherwords,theoriginoflanguageisamystery.Allwereallyknowisthatmen,unlikeanimals,somehowinventedcertainsoundstoexpressthoughtsandfeelings,actionsandthings,sothattheycouldcommunicatewitheachother;andthatlatertheyagreeduponcertainsigns,calledletters,whichcouldbecombinedtorepresentthosesoundsandwhichcouldbewrittendown.Thosesounds,whetherspoken,orwritteninletters,wecallwords.Thepowerofwords,then,liesintheirassociations－thethingstheybringupbeforeourminds.Wordsbecomefilledwithmeaningforusbyexperience;andthelongerwelive,themorecertainwordsrecalltousthegladandsadeventsofourpast;andthemorewereadandlearn,themorethenumberofwordsthatmeansomethingtousincreases.Greatwritersarethosewhonotonlyhavegreatthoughtsbutalsoexpressthesethoughtsinwordswhichappealpowerfullytoourmindsandemotions.Thischarmingandtellinguseofwordsiswhatwecallliterary（文字的）style.Aboveall,therealpoetisamasterofwords.Hecanconveyhismeaninginwordswhichsinglikemusic,andwhichbytheirpositionandassociationcanmovementotears.Weshouldthereforelearntochooseourwordscarefullyandusethemaccurately,ortheywillmakeourspeechsillyandrude.Theoriginoflanguage____.（）A.isalegendhandeddownfromthepastB.isreflectedinsoundsandlettersC.havebeenfoundbythescientistD.isaproblemnotyetsolved

27、ThenumberofspeakersofEnglishinShakespeare′stimeisestimatedtohavebeenaboutfivemillion.Todayitisestimatedthatsome260millionpeoplespeakitasa(an)21?language,mainlyintheUnitedStates,Canada,GreatBritain,Ireland,SouthAfrica,AustraliaandNewZealand.InadditiontothestandardvarietiesofEnglishfoundintheseareas,22?areagreatmanyregionalandsocialvarietiesofthelanguageaswellas?23?levelsofusagethatareemployedbothinitsspokenandwrittenforms.Infact,itis?24?toestimatethenumberofpeopleintheworldwhohaveacquiredanadequateworkingknowledgeofEnglishinadditiontotheirownlanguages.The?25?forEnglishlearningandthesituationsinwhichsuchlearningtakesplacearesovariedthatitis26toexplainandstillmoredifficulttojudge?27?formsanadequateworkingknowledgeforeachsituation.Themainreasonforthewidespread?28?forEnglishisitspresentdayimportanceasaworldlanguage.Besides29theindefiniteneedsofitsnativespeakers,Englishisalanguageinwhichsomeofimportantworksinscience,technology,andother?30arebeingproduced,andnotalwaysbynativespeakers.Itiswidelyusedfor31purposesasmeteorological(氣象的)andairportcommunications,internationalconferences,andthe?32?ofinformationovertheradioandtelevisionnetworksofmany?33.Itisalanguageofwidercommunicationforanumberofdevelopingcountries,speciallyformerBritishcolonies.Manyofthesecountrieshavemultilingual?34.andneedalanguageforinternalcommunicationinsuchmattersasgovernment,commerce,industry,,lawand35aswellasforinternationalcommunicationandforentrancetothescientificandtechno-logicaldevelopmentsintheWest.

28、Forsometimepast,ithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatbabiesandothercreatureslearntodothingsbecausecertainactsleadto“rewards”;andthereisnoreasontodoubtthatthisistrue.Butitusedalsotobewidelybelievedthateffectiverewards,atleastintheearlystages,hadtobedirectlyrelatedtosuchbasicphysiological“drives”asthirstorhunger.Inotherwords,ababywouldlearnifhegotfoodordrinkorsomesortofphysicalcomfort,nototherwise.Itisnowclearthatthisisnotso.Babieswilllearntobehaveinwaysthatproduceresultsintheworldwithnorewardexceptthesuccessfuloutcome.Papousekbeganhisstudiesbyusingmilkinthenormalwayto“reward”thebabiesandsoteachthemtocarryoutsomesimplemovements,suchasturningtheheadtoonesideortheother.Thenhenoticedthatababywhohadenoughtodrinkwouldrefusethemilkbutwouldstillgoonmakingthelearnedresponsewithclearsignsofpleasure.Sohebegantostudythechildren'sresponsesinsituationswherenomilkwasprovided.Hequicklyfoundthatchildrenasyoungasfourmonthswouldlearntoturntheirheadstorightorleftifthemovement“switchedon”adisplayoflights—andindeedthattheywerecapableoflearningquitecomplexturnstobringaboutthisresult.Forinstance,twoleftortworight,oreventomakeasmanyasthreeturnstooneside.Papousek'slightdisplaywasplaceddirectlyinfrontofthebabiesandhemadetheinterestingobservationthatsometimestheywouldnotturnbacktowatchthelightscloselyalthoughtheywould“smileandbubble”whenthedisplaycameon.Papousekconcludedthatitwasnotprimarilythesightofthelightswhichpleasedthem,itwasthesuccesstheywereachievinginsolvingtheproblem,inmasteringtheskill,andthatthereexistsafundamentalhumanurgetomakesenseoftheworldandbringitunderintentionalcontrol.Thebabieswould“smileandbubble”atthelightsbecause____.（）A.thelightsweredirectlyrelatedtosomebasic“drives”B.thesightofthelightswasinterestingC.theyneednotturnbacktowatchthelightsD.theysucceededin“switchingon”thelights

29、Doyoumindmy____thewindow?（）A.openB.toopenC.willopenD.opening

30、Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.Theyhave_____21_____thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthanwe_____22_____before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.Fromthe_____23_____beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe____24______theyhearusmake.They""read"the_____25_____onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis_____26_____itissoimportanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbaby′sfirst_____27_____towardbecomingareader,becauseit_____28_____her?tolovelanguageandtolearnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,_____29_____talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethingsshedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou_____30_____together.Letherknowyouarecarefully_____31_____whatshesays.Bykeepingherin_____32_____andlistening,youare_____33_____encouragingyourchildtothinkas?shespeaks._____34_____,youareshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto____35______learning.

31、Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.Theyhave21thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthanwe22before.Youcanhelpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.Fromthe23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe24theyhearusmake.They“read”the25onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis26itissoimportanttotalk,singandsmiletoyourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbaby'sfirst27towardbecomingareader,becauseit28hertolovelanguageandtolearnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,29talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethingsshedoes.Askherabouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Letherknowyouarecarefully31whatshesays.Bykeepingherin32andlistening,youare33encouragingyourchildtothinkasshespeaks.34,youareshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto35learning.A.knowB.readC.watchD.speak

32