2021-2022學(xué)年山東省聊城市高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）（不含聽(tīng)力音頻）

2021-2022學(xué)年山東省聊城市高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題本試卷分四部分，共12頁(yè)。滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthewomanlearningtoplay?A.Theguitar.B.Theviolin.C.Thedrums.2.Whatisthemandoing?A.Writingapaper.B.Doinghisreading.C.Eatingameal.3.Whatwillthewomandothisweekend?A.Gotoapark.B.Watchamovie.C.Visitamuseum.4.Howwillthewomanpayforthecoat?A.Bycreditcard.B.Bycheque.C.Incash.5.Howmuchiseachticket?A.2pounds.B.3pounds.C.6pounds.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Hobbies.B.Theirextraclasses.C.Afamousoilpainting.7.Wheredidthemanlearnhowtopaint?AAtauniversity.B.Inatrainingcenter.C.Atthelocalcommunitycollege.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhereisJohnprobablynow?A.Athome.B.Inthehospital.C.Atschool.9.What'sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Classmates.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.HowoftendoesthemangotoTheCoffeeHouse?A.Everyweekend.B.EveryFriday.C.Everyday.11.Whatistheman'sfavouritedrink?A.Coffee.B.Hotchocolate.C.Tea.12.Whorecommendedthecoffeeshoptotheman?A.Hiscousin.B.Hisfriend.C.Hisneighbour.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.TobuyaTV.B.TorepairaTV.C.ToreturnaTV.14.Whatdayisittoday?A.June5th.B.June6th.C.June7th.15.WhatiswrongwiththeTV?A.Ithaselectricalproblems.B.Itcan'tfitontheshelf.C.Itdoesn'twork.16.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Waitfortheman.B.Dosomeshopping.C.GetherTVback.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisthewomanspeakingto?A.Students.B.Visitors.C.Workers.18.Wherecanthelistenersfindthehousingoffice?A.Nexttothelibrary.B.Outsidethebookstore.C.Attheentrancetothecollege.19.Whendoesthehousingofficeopenduringholidays?A.OnMondayandFriday.B.OnMondayandThursday.C.OnTuesdayandThursday.20.Whatcanyoubuyfromthemachinesaroundthecollege?A.Sandwichesandsalad.B.Ahotmeal.C.Chocolateanddrinks.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALibraryActivitiesforChildrenSalemPublicLibraryoffersalotoffunandeducationalactivitiesforchildrenandadultsallyearround.SignupforemailnotificationsandnevermissaneventCreativeKids:After-SchoolArtsActivity4:30—5:30p.m.|3rdThursdayofthemonth|StoryRoomsA&BSchool-agekidsfrom2ndto5thgradesareinvitedtoanafter-schoolactivityinartsthethirdThursdayofeachmonthOctoberthroughMarch.SignuponlineorattheChildren'sAskHereDesk.ReadtoaPet1:00—2:30p.m.|2ndandlastSaturdayofthemonth|3rdFloorChildren'sAreaThisprogramisarelaxingwayforyoungreaderstoimprovetheirreadingskills.VisitingdogsandcatshavebeentrainedbyPawsforLoveandareniceandfriendly.Thisisadrop-inprogram,andsign-upsarenotnecessary.MonthlyLegoParty2:00—3:00p.m.|3rdSaturdayofthemonth|StoryRoomsFloor3Kidswiththeirgrown-upsareinvitedforanhourofLegoplay.Legosareprovided.Bringyourimagination!Thiscreativeactivityisforages4andup.DiscoveryRoomTheDiscoveryRoomgiveschancesforchildrentothinkcreatively,usetheirimagination,andlearnwhileplaying.ThethemeoftheDiscoveryRoomchangesfourtimesayear.DiscoveryRoomhoursoftenchange,too.Pleasecallbeforeyoucometofindoutwhenitwillbeopen.1.Whichactivitywillchildrenenjoyiftheylikedogsandcats?A.DiscoveryRoom. B.ReadtoaPet.C.MonthlyLegoParty. D.CreativeKids:After-schoolArtsActivity.2.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheLegoparty?A.Itneedssign-ups. B.Itlastsforonehour.C.Itisaweeklyprogram. D.Itisforkidsaged2-4.3.HowistheDiscoveryRoomdifferentfromtheotheractivities?A.Itsthemechanges. B.Itisheldfourtimesayear.C.Ittakesplaceonweekdays. D.Itsgoalistoencouragechildren'screativity.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)兒童圖書館活動(dòng)情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ReadtoaPet部分中“Thisprogramisarelaxingwayforyoungreaderstoimprovetheirreadingskills.VisitingdogsandcatshavebeentrainedbyPawsforLoveandareniceandfriendly.(這個(gè)節(jié)目是一個(gè)放松的方式，為年輕讀者提高他們的閱讀技能。來(lái)訪的狗和貓都受過(guò)“愛(ài)心爪”的訓(xùn)練，它們都很友好)”可知，如果孩子們喜歡狗和貓，他們會(huì)喜歡給寵物讀書活動(dòng)。故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MonthlyLegoParty部分中“2:00—3:00p.m.(下午兩點(diǎn)到三點(diǎn))”可知，樂(lè)高派對(duì)持續(xù)一個(gè)小時(shí)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ThethemeoftheDiscoveryRoomchangesfourtimesayear.(探索室的主題一年換四次)”可知，探索室與其他活動(dòng)的不同在于主題的變化。故選A。BOneday,whenIwasgoingtocheckinatanairport,Inoticedtherewasabigproblem.Thecounterpersonwastellingeveryonethatalltheplaneswerehavingproblemsandtheywouldnotbeabletofly!AnditwassuggestedthatabuswouldbeprovidedtotakeustoSeattle.Everyonewasworried,asweonlyhadanhourandahalftomaketheconnectingflight,andthebuswasnotevenattheairportyet.Finally,thebuspulledup,andthedriversaid,“Theyjustpulledmeoutofbedafteranall-nightshift(夜班),andtheyexpectmetogetyoutoSeattleintimetocatchyourflight.Goodluck!”Needlesstosay,everyonewasinareallybadmood.Iwasloadingmybaggageintothebusandhadslungmybanjo(班卓琴)overmybackwhenthebusdriversaid,“What?Areyougoingtoplaythatinmybus?”“Well,reallydidnotplanonit,”Ireplied.“Iwasonlykidding,”saidthedriver.ButIstartedthinkingaboutit,andIpulledoutthebanjo.Aworried,angrywomansaid,“Well,whatifIdon’tlikeit?”“ThentellmeandI’llstop,”Ireplied.Wedroveoff,andthetensionmadetheatmosphereinsidethebushorrendous!ThenIstartedplucking(彈奏)theoldstandardBlueSkies.Inafewminutes,Inoticedeveryonewassingingalong.Istartedtosing,too,andbeforelong,thewholebusburstintosong.Onesongledtoanother.Everyonelaughedandsang,withfoodpassedaroundthebus,andbeforelong,theairportwasinsight.Thebusdrivercalled,“Wemadeit!Weneverwouldhavedoneitwithoutthehelpofourbanjoplayer.”Shoutsofapprovalrangthroughthebus.Peopleexchangedaddressesandinvitationstovisit,andafewexchangedhugs.Afewweekslater,mymailboxwasfilledwithlettersfrommynewfriends.Theirlettersremindedmeofhow,byreachingoutwithjustasongorabitoffriendship,youcanturnaverytensesituationintoapeacefulexperience—amagical,musicalbusride.4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.ThecounterpersonwoulddrivethepassengerstoSeattle.B.Thedriverwasonthenightshiftthen.C.ThepassengersthoughtithardtogettoSeattleintime.D.Thedriveralwayshadlotsofbadluck.5.Whentheauthordecidedtoplayhisbanjo,________.A.apassengergavehimahug B.thedrivertriedtostophimC.thewholebusburstintosong D.awomanwasnothappyaboutit6.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?AAWonderfulMusicalBusRide B.AGreatBanjoPlayerC.TheAmazingFriendshiponaBus D.AnUnforgettableExperienceattheAirport【答案】4.C5.D6.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者通過(guò)美妙的音樂(lè)，緩解了緊張的氣氛，最終大家順利乘坐巴士到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“AnditwassuggestedthatabuswouldbeprovidedtotakeustoSeattle.Everyonewasworried,asweonlyhadanhourandahalftomaketheconnectingflight,andthebuswasnotevenattheairportyet.”（有人建議提供一輛巴士送我們?nèi)ノ餮艌D。大家都很擔(dān)心，因?yàn)槲覀冎挥幸粋€(gè)半小時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)時(shí)間，而巴士甚至還沒(méi)到機(jī)場(chǎng)）可知，巴士還沒(méi)到機(jī)場(chǎng)，而乘客們只有一個(gè)半小時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)時(shí)間，所以乘客們認(rèn)為及時(shí)到達(dá)西雅圖很難。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ButIstartedthinkingaboutit,andIpulledoutthebanjo.Aworried,angrywomansaid,“Well,whatifIdon’tlikeit?””（但我開(kāi)始考慮這件事，我拿出了班卓琴。一位憂心忡忡、憤怒的女士說(shuō)：“好吧，如果我不喜歡怎么辦？”）可知，當(dāng)作者拿出班卓琴準(zhǔn)備演奏時(shí)，一位女士對(duì)此表示不高興。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文，文章主要講述作者通過(guò)美妙的音樂(lè)，緩解了緊張的登機(jī)氣氛，最終大家順利乘坐巴士到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)，所以“一次美妙的音樂(lè)巴士之旅”可以作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CAstronaut（宇航員）ScottKellyhasbeenlivingontheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）sinceMarch28,2015.Andjustlikeanyotherhome,theISSrequiressomehousekeeping,intheformofregularworkandrepairs.ThatiswhyKellyandhispartnerKjellLindgrenperformedactivities,outsidethestationonWednesday.Theoperationbeganat8：03amandlastedformorethansevenhours.Itwasthefirstspacewalkforbothmen.TheISShasbeenincontinualusefor15years,andhashostedover200people,includingastronautsandprivatetourists.Duringtheiractivities,KellyandLindgrendidbasicelectricalwork,suchasattachingnewwiresthatwillprovidepowertodockingports（艙門）onthestation.TheportswillbeusedwhenotherpeoplearriveattheISS.Also,thetwoastronautsfixedathermal（防寒的）coveronakeyscientificinstrumentonthestationtoprotectitfromthefreezingtemperaturesofspace.Asthemoreseniorastronaut,Kellyledthespacewalk.However,LindgrendealtwithsomeofthemorechallengingpartsofthejobashehaslongerarmsthanKelly.Duringaspacewalk,thesimplestworkbecomesadifficulttask.KellyandLindgrenspentmonthstrainingandpracticingfortheoperation.ThepreparationbeganinNASA'sNeutralBuoyancyLab（NBL）.Hereastronautsaremadetoworkinanenvironmentsimilartotheoneoutsidethespacestation.Evengettingthespacesuitsreadycantakedays.Whileeachsuitisbuilttofittheastronautperfectlywhowillwearit,adjustments（調(diào)整）needtobemaderightuptothetimewhenthespacewalkbegins.Theadjustmentsaddressanychangeintheastronauts'bodiesthathaveoccurredasaresultofbeinginagravity-freeenvironment.7.WhydidKellyandLindgrentakethespacewalk?A.TocleanuptheISS. B.TokeeptheISSingoodcondition.C.Totesttheirnewspacesuits. D.Tocarryoutascientificexperiment.8.Whatisthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A.HowtheISSisworkingproperly.B.Whythedockingportsareuseful.C.Howtheastronautsperformedthespacewalk.D.Whatthetwoastronautsdidinthespacewalk.9.WhydidKjellLindgrendomorechallengingworkthanKellyduringthespacewalk?A.Heknewmoreaboutthestation. B.Hewastheleaderoftheteam.C.Hehadalongerreach. D.Hehadmoreexperienceofspacewalk10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"address"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Leadto. B.Belongto. C.Interactwith. D.Dealwith【答案】7.B8.D9.C10.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要講述了兩位宇航員，凱利和林格倫為了維護(hù)國(guó)際空間站的良好狀態(tài)，在太空行走，進(jìn)行日常工作和維護(hù)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Andjustlikeanyotherhome,theISSrequiressomehousekeeping,intheformofregularworkandrepairs.”（和其他任何家庭一樣，國(guó)際空間站也需要一些日常工作和維護(hù)。）以及第二段“ThatiswhyKellyandhispartnerKjellLindgrenperformedactivities,outsidethestationonWednesday.”（那就是凱利和他的搭檔克杰爾·林格倫周三在空間站外進(jìn)行活動(dòng)的原因。）可知，凱利和林格倫進(jìn)行太空行走是為了進(jìn)行日常工作和維護(hù)，以保持國(guó)際空間站的良好狀態(tài)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Duringtheiractivities,KellyandLindgrendidbasicelectricalwork,suchasattachingnewwiresthatwillprovidepowertodockingports（艙門）onthestation.”（在他們的活動(dòng)中，凱利和林格倫做了基本的電力工作，比如連接新的電線，為空間站的對(duì)接端口供電。）以及“Also,thetwoastronautsfixedathermal（防寒的）coveronakeyscientificinstrumentonthestationtoprotectitfromthefreezingtemperaturesofspace.”（另外，兩名宇航員在空間站的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵科學(xué)儀器上安裝了一個(gè)防寒罩，以保護(hù)它免受太空嚴(yán)寒的影響。）可知，第三段主要介紹了兩位宇航員在太空行走時(shí)所做的事情。故選D項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“However,LindgrendealtwithsomeofthemorechallengingpartsofthejobashehaslongerarmsthanKelly.”（然而，林格倫處理了工作中一些更具挑戰(zhàn)性的部分，因?yàn)樗葎P利有更長(zhǎng)的手臂。）可知，林格倫做更具有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作是因?yàn)樗氖直鄹L(zhǎng)，能觸及的范圍更遠(yuǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whileeachsuitisbuilttofittheastronautperfectlywhowillwearit,adjustmentsneedtobemaderightuptothetimewhenthespacewalkbegins.”（雖然每一套宇航服都是為了完美地適合將要穿它的宇航員而設(shè)計(jì)的，但在太空行走開(kāi)始之前仍然需要進(jìn)行調(diào)整。）可知，每一套宇航服都會(huì)在太空行走之前進(jìn)行調(diào)整，以及“anychangeintheastronauts'bodiesthathaveoccurredasaresultofbeinginagravity-freeenvironment.”（宇航員在無(wú)重力環(huán)境中身體發(fā)生的任何變化）可知，宇航服的調(diào)整是為了應(yīng)對(duì)宇航員的身體變化，推測(cè)劃線單詞表示“應(yīng)對(duì)”，與dealwith同義。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Peopledon'treallycarewhatyousay.____11____Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.Butalwaysyouaresayingitmorethanyouaredoingit.Attheendoftheday,yourwordsdon'tmeanmuch.Peoplewillrememberyoubyyouractions,notbyyourwords.Someonesays,"I'mgoingtobesuccessful,I'mgoingtobefamous,andI'mgoingtobeamillionaire."Buteverytimeyouseethem,theyarejustchattingandrelaxing,justbeinglazy.Sotheyonlyhavethewords,nottheactions.____12____Thelyrics(歌詞)toyourfavoritesongonpaperdon'tmeanmuch.Theyarejustwords.It'sthesingerthatcanbringthewordsalivethroughtheiractions.Talkischeapactionsareexpensive.Inotherwords,wordsdon'tdomuch,actionsdoeverything.Allofthefamouspeoplewhohadsuccessfulstoriesdidn'tgettherebysimplytalkingaboutbeingthere.____13____Theyworkedhardtobewheretheyaretoday.Theymadesomethinghappen.Theirwordsbecametheiractions.Theirdeedsbecametheirhabits.____14____Youwouldregretalltheopportunitiesthatyou'veturneddownandallthechancesthatyounevertook.Itwasjustbecauseyouwereafraidoryouwereworriedaboutwhatotherpeoplethink.Ifyouwishsomeonetobelieveyouwhenyousaysomething,youhavetodosomething.Wordsarethetalk,actionsarethewalk.____15____A.Theydidsomethingaboutit.B.Allyouhavegottodoiswalksthetalk.C.Theypaymoreattentiontowhatyoudo.D.Theywouldliketoexplorehowtobedoers.E.WhatImeanisthatwordsandactionsarefunctioningdifferently.F.Ifyouhadoneweeklefttolive,youwouldregretsomuchinyourlife.G.WhatIneedyoutounderstandiswordsarethetalk,actionsarethewalk.【答案】11.C12.G13.A14.F15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了做事情時(shí)，不能只說(shuō)不做、要說(shuō)到做到?！?1題詳解】上文“Peopledon'treallycarewhatyousay.(人們并不真的在乎你說(shuō)什么)”說(shuō)明人們不在乎你說(shuō)了什么，所以空處應(yīng)表示人們?cè)诤跏裁?，C項(xiàng)“他們更關(guān)注你做什么?！狈项}意。故選C?！?2題詳解】上文“Buteverytimeyouseethem,theyarejustchattingandrelaxing,justbeinglazy.Sotheyonlyhavethewords,nottheactions.(但每次你看到他們，他們只是聊天和放松，只是懶惰。所以他們只有語(yǔ)言，沒(méi)有行動(dòng))”說(shuō)明只說(shuō)語(yǔ)言不做行動(dòng)是沒(méi)用處的，所以空處應(yīng)說(shuō)明語(yǔ)言只是交談，行為才是行動(dòng)，G項(xiàng)“我需要你明白的是語(yǔ)言只是交談，行為才是行動(dòng)”符合題意。故選G?！?3題詳解】上文“Allofthefamouspeoplewhohadsuccessfulstoriesdidn'tgettherebysimplytalkingaboutbeingthere.(所有那些有成功故事的名人并不是光說(shuō)說(shuō)就能成功的)”說(shuō)明成功人士不是通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的談?wù)搧?lái)取得成功的，以及下文“Theyworkedhardtobewheretheyaretoday.(他們努力工作以達(dá)到今天的水平)”說(shuō)明成功人士是進(jìn)行了努力工作的，所以空處應(yīng)說(shuō)明他們做了事情，A項(xiàng)“他們關(guān)于這做了一些事?！狈项}意。故選A。【14題詳解】下文“Youwouldregretalltheopportunitiesthatyou'veturneddownandallthechancesthatyounevertook.(你會(huì)因所有你拒絕的機(jī)會(huì)和所有你從未抓住的機(jī)會(huì)而后悔)”說(shuō)明，你會(huì)因錯(cuò)過(guò)機(jī)會(huì)而后悔，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中regretsomuch是關(guān)鍵詞，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“如果你還有一周的時(shí)間，你會(huì)后悔的?！狈项}意。故選F?！?5題詳解】上文“Ifyouwishsomeonetobelieveyouwhenyousaysomething,youhavetodosomething.Wordsarethetalk,actionsarethewalk.(如果你希望別人相信你說(shuō)的話，你必須做點(diǎn)什么。語(yǔ)言只是交談，行為才是行動(dòng))”說(shuō)明事實(shí)勝于雄辯，空處應(yīng)說(shuō)明要說(shuō)到做到，B項(xiàng)“你所要做的就是說(shuō)到做到。”符合題意。故選B。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A，B，C，D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Manyanimalsmovefromoneplacetoanotheratcertaintimesoftheyear.This____16____movementiscalledmigration.Theymigratetofindfood,____17____,orinsearchofwarmerweather.Oneofthemost____18____migrationsinnatureisthatoftheNorthAmericanmonarchbutterfly.Everyautumn,millionsofthesebeautifulinsectswithfineblackandorangewings____19____alonganddifficultjourney.Somehowtheymanagetotravelaround4,000kilometressouthandfindtheirwaytoCaliforniaorMexico.However,untilrecentlynoone____20____howtheydidthis.AteamofscientistsledbyProfessorEliShlizermanattheUniversityofWashingtonhasnowfoundtheanswer.Theyhavefoundoutthatthemonarchisableto____21____thetimeofday.Itusesitseyestomeasurethe____22____ofthesun.Thesetwopiecesof____23____—thetimeofdayandthepointwherethesunisinthesky—allowthebutterflyto____24____thewaytogo.The______26______tothemysteryofthemonarch’samazingabilitycomesatatimewhenitisinserioustrouble.Itspopulationhas______27______byasmuchas90percentinthelastfewyears.Sadlyhuman______28______isthemainreasonwhythenumberofmonarchbutterfliesisfalling.Inmanyoftheplaceswherethebutterflycanbefound,peopleare______29______thenaturalenvironment.They______30______treesandusechemicalsthatkilltheplantsthatmonarchcaterpillarseat.The______31______onthemonarch’sbehaviourhashoweverledtoagreaterawarenessofthis______32______.Peoplehavebeenworkingtogetherto______33______itsmigrationandmakesurethatthereareenoughplantsforitto______34______.Ifthisworks,theremaycomeatimewhenthenumberofmonarchbutterfliesincreasesonceagain,Themoreweknowaboutthislovelycreature,thegreaterthechanceitwill______35______andkeepitsplaceinthenaturalworldforalongtimetocome.16.A.symbolic B.former C.occasional D.annual17.A.livelong B.returntothewild C.protectthemselves D.seekapartner18.A.positive B.wonderful C.professional D.frightening19.A.begin B.break C.continue D.end20.A.heard B.worried C.knew D.ignored21.A.notice B.tell C.guess D.illustrate22.A.height B.driection C.brightness D.position23.A.news B.advice C.information D.evidence24.A.determine B.consider C.acquire D.approach25.A.Eventually B.Currently C.Obviously D.Originally26.A.solution B.reaction C.preference D.response27.A.increased B.exploded C.changed D.crashed28.A.history B.belief C.activity D.experience29.A.improving B.destroying C.decorating D.monitoring30.A.takeaway B.cutdown C.pickup D.puttogether31.A.comment B.research C.effect D.discussion32.A.creature B.experiment C.opinion D.function33.A.recognise B.design C.record D.remember34.A.lookat B.playwith C.feedon D.focuson35.A.stay B.suffer C.exist D.survive【答案】16.D17.D18.B19.A20.C21.B22.D23.C24.A25.A26.A27.D28.C29.B30.B31.B32.A33.C34.C35.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文闡述了北美帝王蝶急劇減少的原因，研究人員在記錄研究過(guò)程中得出了它們遷徙的答案，并通過(guò)保護(hù)環(huán)境等措施使帝王蝶能夠更好地生存?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這種一年一度的運(yùn)動(dòng)叫做遷徙。A.symbolic象征的；B.former前者的；C.occasional偶爾的；D.annual每年的。根據(jù)上文“Manyanimalsmovefromoneplacetoanotheratcertaintimesoftheyear.”可知，這種運(yùn)動(dòng)是周期性的，每年的（annual）運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：它們遷徙是為了尋找食物、尋找伴侶或?qū)ふ腋鼫嘏奶鞖?。A.livelong長(zhǎng)命百歲；B.returntothewild回歸大自然；C.protectthemselves保護(hù)自己；D.seekapartner尋找伙伴。結(jié)合常識(shí)及根據(jù)上文“This____1____movementiscalledmigration.”可知，有的動(dòng)物遷徙是尋找伴侶（seekapartner）。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：自然界最神奇的遷徙之一是北美帝王蝶。A.positive積極樂(lè)觀的；B.wonderful神奇的，精彩的；C.professional職業(yè)的；D.frightening可怕的。根據(jù)下文“Somehowtheymanagetotravelaround4,000kilometressouthandfindtheirwaytoCaliforniaorMexico.However,untilrecentlynoone____5____howtheydidthis.”可知，每年秋天，北美帝王蝶向南遷徙4000公里，直到最近，沒(méi)有人知道他們是怎么做到的，可見(jiàn)它們遷徙很神奇的（wonderful）。故選B項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每年秋天，數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)長(zhǎng)著黑色和橙色翅膀的美麗昆蟲(chóng)開(kāi)始了漫長(zhǎng)而艱難的旅程。A.begin開(kāi)始；B.break打破；C.continue持續(xù)；D.end終止。根據(jù)上文“Oneofthemost____3____migrationsinnatureisthatoftheNorthAmericanmonarchbutterfly.”可知，自然界最奇妙的遷徙之一是北美帝王蝶，結(jié)合常識(shí)，動(dòng)物的遷徙在秋天開(kāi)始（begin）。故選A項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，直到最近，還沒(méi)有人知道它們是如何做到這一點(diǎn)的。A.heard聽(tīng)到；B.worried擔(dān)心；C.knew知道；D.ignored忽略。根據(jù)下文“AteamofscientistsledbyProfessorEliShlizermanattheUniversityofWashingtonhasnowfoundtheanswer.”可知，華盛頓大學(xué)教授EliShlizerman領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一組科學(xué)家現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)找到了答案，推知之前沒(méi)有人知道（knew）。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)帝王蝶能識(shí)別一天中的時(shí)間。A.notice注意；B.tell識(shí)別，說(shuō)出；C.guess猜測(cè)；D.illustrate說(shuō)明。根據(jù)下文“Itusesitseyestomeasurethe____7____ofthesun.”可知，帝王蝶用眼睛測(cè)量太陽(yáng)的位置，推知，帝王蝶能夠識(shí)別（tell）一天中的時(shí)間。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它用眼睛測(cè)量太陽(yáng)的位置。A.height身高；B.driection滴水；C.brightness亮度；D.position位置。根據(jù)下文“Thesetwopiecesof____8____—thetimeofdayandthepointwherethesunisinthesky—allowthebutterflyto____9____thewaytogo.”可知，一天中的時(shí)間和太陽(yáng)在天空中的位置使蝴蝶決定前進(jìn)的方向，推知蝴蝶用眼睛測(cè)量太陽(yáng)的位置（position）。故選D項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這兩條信息——一天中的時(shí)間和太陽(yáng)在天空中的位置——讓蝴蝶決定前進(jìn)的方向。A.news消息；B.advice勸告；C.information信息；D.evidence根據(jù)。根據(jù)下文“thetimeofdayandthepointwherethesunisinthesky—allowthebutterflyto____9____thewaytogo.”可知，讓蝴蝶決定前進(jìn)的方向是一天中的時(shí)間和太陽(yáng)在天空中的位置這兩條信息（information）。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這兩條信息——一天中的時(shí)間和太陽(yáng)在天空中的位置——讓蝴蝶決定前進(jìn)的方向。A.determine決定；B.consider考慮；C.acquire獲得；D.approach方法。根據(jù)下文“____10____,itmanagestoreachtheplaceswhereitwillspendthewinter.”可知，蝴蝶最終能設(shè)法到達(dá)了它將要過(guò)冬的地方，是它們能根據(jù)太陽(yáng)在天空中的位置，辨別時(shí)間，決定（determine）前進(jìn)的方向。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，它設(shè)法到達(dá)了它將要過(guò)冬的地方。A.Eventually最后；B.Currently目前；C.Obviously明顯地；D.Originally原來(lái)。根據(jù)“Thesetwopiecesof____8____—thetimeofdayandthepointwherethesunisinthesky—allowthebutterflyto____9____thewaytogo.”可知，上文羅列了帝王蝶用眼睛測(cè)量太陽(yáng)的位置，決定遷徙前進(jìn)的方向，推知，此處指這個(gè)能力使它們最終（Eventually）能到達(dá)過(guò)冬的地方。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：帝王蝶驚人能力之謎的答案是在它陷入嚴(yán)重困境的時(shí)候得出的。A.solution答案，解決方案；B.reaction反應(yīng)；C.preference偏愛(ài)；D.response回答。根據(jù)下文尤其是“The____16____onthemonarch’sbehaviourhashoweverledtoagreaterawarenessofthis____17____.”可知，環(huán)境的破環(huán)使帝王蝶的數(shù)量急劇減少，對(duì)帝王蝶行為的研究使人們對(duì)這種生物有了更多的認(rèn)識(shí)，在研究期間，人們得出了帝王蝶長(zhǎng)途遷徙的答案（solution）。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在過(guò)去幾年中，其數(shù)量銳減了90%。A.increased增加；B.exploded爆炸了的；C.changed改變；D.crashed暴跌，銳減。根據(jù)下文“Sadly,human____13____isthemainreasonwhythenumberofmonarchbutterfliesisfalling.”可知，人類活動(dòng)是帝王蝶數(shù)量下降的主要原因，此處指帝王蝶數(shù)量暴跌了90%。故選D項(xiàng)。28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：可悲的是，人類活動(dòng)是帝王蝶數(shù)量下降的主要原因。A.history歷史；B.belief相信；C.activity活動(dòng)；D.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)下文“Inmanyoftheplaceswherethebutterflycanbefound,peopleare____14____thenaturalenvironment.They____15____treesandusechemicalsthatkilltheplantsthatmonarchcaterpillarseat.”可知，在許多可以發(fā)現(xiàn)蝴蝶的地方，人們正在破壞自然環(huán)境。他們砍伐樹(shù)木，使用化學(xué)物質(zhì)殺死帝王毛蟲(chóng)吃的植物。正是人類的這樣的活動(dòng)（activity），導(dǎo)致了帝王蝶數(shù)量下降。故選C項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在許多可以發(fā)現(xiàn)蝴蝶的地方，人們正在破壞自然環(huán)境。A.improving改善；B.destroying毀滅；C.decorating裝飾；D.monitoring監(jiān)測(cè)。根據(jù)下文“They____15____treesandusechemicalsthatkilltheplantsthatmonarchcaterpillarseat.”可知，人類砍伐樹(shù)木，使用化學(xué)物質(zhì)殺死帝王蝶幼蟲(chóng)吃的植物，這些都是破壞（destroying）自然環(huán)境的行為。故選B項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他們砍伐樹(shù)木，使用化學(xué)物質(zhì)殺死帝王蝶幼蟲(chóng)吃的植物。A.takeaway帶走；B.cutdown砍伐，砍倒；C.pickup改善；D.puttogether拼湊。根據(jù)上文“Inmanyoftheplaceswherethebutterflycanbefound,peopleare____14____thenaturalenvironment.”可知，在許多可以發(fā)現(xiàn)蝴蝶的地方，人們正在破壞自然環(huán)境，此處指人類砍伐（cutdown）樹(shù)木。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，對(duì)帝王蝶行為的研究使人們對(duì)這種生物有了更多的認(rèn)識(shí)。A.comment議論；B.research研究；C.effect效應(yīng)；D.discussion討論。根據(jù)下文“Peoplehavebeenworkingtogetherto____18____itsmigrationandmakesurethatthereareenoughplantsforitto____19____.”可知，人們一直在共同努力記錄它的遷移，并確保有足夠的植物供它食用。這些記錄行為，都屬于對(duì)帝王蝶的研究（research）。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，對(duì)帝王蝶行為的研究使人們對(duì)這種生物有了更多的認(rèn)識(shí)。A.creature生物；B.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；C.opinion意見(jiàn)；D.function作用。根據(jù)上文“The____16____onthemonarch’sbehaviour”可知，人們研究的是帝王蝶，根據(jù)常識(shí)，帝王蝶屬于一種生物（creature）。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：人們一直在共同努力記錄它的遷徙，并確保有足夠的植物供它食用。A.recognise認(rèn)出；B.design設(shè)計(jì)；C.record記錄；D.remember回想起。根據(jù)上文“Manyanimalsmovefromoneplacetoanotheratcertaintimesoftheyear.”可知，動(dòng)物遷徙的特點(diǎn)是每年在特定時(shí)間從一個(gè)地方遷徙到另一個(gè)地方，帝王蝶的遷徙也是如此，此處指人們記錄（record）帝王蝶遷徙的特定時(shí)間和遷徙地點(diǎn)等信息。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：人們一直在共同努力記錄它的遷徙，并確保有足夠的植物供它食用。A.lookat看看；B.playwith玩；C.feedon吃；D.focuson專注于。根據(jù)上文“They____15____treesandusechemicalsthatkilltheplantsthatmonarchcaterpillarseat.”可知，人類砍伐樹(shù)木，使用化學(xué)物質(zhì)殺死帝王蝶幼蟲(chóng)吃的植物，此處指為了保護(hù)帝王蝶，研究人員確保帝王蝶有足夠的植物供他們吃（feedon）。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果這種方法奏效，也許有一天，帝王蝶的數(shù)量會(huì)再次增加，我們對(duì)這種可愛(ài)的生物了解得越多，它存活下來(lái)的機(jī)會(huì)就越大，并在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi)保持在自然界的地位。A.stay停留；B.suffer遭受；C.exist存在；D.survive存活，生存。根據(jù)上文“Itspopulationhas____12____byasmuchas90percentinthelastfewyears.”可知，在過(guò)去的幾年中，帝王蝶的數(shù)量急劇減少，此處指研究人員通過(guò)保護(hù)環(huán)境等方法，使它們能更好地存活（survive）。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Oilpaperumbrellashaveahistoryofover1,000yearsinChina.Oncethey____36____（be）everywhere.Nowadayspeopleusethehand-madeumbrellas____37____（little）indailylifethanbefore.However,theyareasymbolofChinese____38____（tradition）culture.YuhanginHangzhouisknownfor____39____（make）oilpaperumbrellasforover230years.Umbrellasheretakemorethan70stepstomake,suchasmakingbambooribsandpasting（糊）paper.____40____takesatleastaweektomakeanumbrella.In2007,thiskindofumbrellawasaddedtoZhejiangprovince'sintangible（無(wú)形的）culturalheritage（遺產(chǎn)）list.In2015,LiuWeixueleftawell-paidjobtolearn____41____hisgrandfathertheart."Iwanttobringthearttolife,"Liusaid."Whenitrains,someoneusestheumbrella,that's____42____Iwanttosee.”AfterLiumasteredtheskills,astudio____43____（start）inYuhang,wherehegatheredumbrella-makingmasters.____44____（sell）umbrellas,Liuopenedanonlineshopin2017.Itnowhasmorethan80,000followers.Liuhopestheartcanbepassedon.HegoestoschoolsinYuhangtoteachstudents.Healsoshowsupat____45____（event）andactivitiesindifferentplacestoshowmorepeopleabouttheart.【答案】36.were37.less38.traditional39.making40.It41.from42.what43.wasstarted44.Tosell45.events【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了油紙傘是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的象征，劉偉學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)制作油紙傘并在不同的活動(dòng)中展示這項(xiàng)藝術(shù)，希望這項(xiàng)藝術(shù)可以傳承下去。【36題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：曾經(jīng)它們無(wú)處不在。根據(jù)句中once（曾經(jīng)）可知，句子描述過(guò)去的情況，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是they，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用were。故填were?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：現(xiàn)在人們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪惺褂檬止び陚惚纫郧吧倭?。根?jù)句中than可知，空處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)形式，表示“更少”。故填less。【38題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：然而，它們是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的象征。分析句子，空處修飾名詞culture，應(yīng)用形容詞形式作定語(yǔ)，traditional是形容詞，表示“傳統(tǒng)的”。故填traditional?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：杭州余杭以制造油紙傘而聞名，已有230多年的歷史。分析句子，空處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式作介詞for的賓語(yǔ)。故填making。【40題詳解】考查代詞。句意：做一把傘至少需要一個(gè)星期。分析句子，不定式短語(yǔ)為真正的主語(yǔ)，空處應(yīng)用it作形式主語(yǔ)。故填I(lǐng)t?！?1題詳解】考查介詞。句意：2015年，劉偉學(xué)離開(kāi)了一份收入豐厚的工作，向祖父學(xué)習(xí)這項(xiàng)藝術(shù)。結(jié)合語(yǔ)意，此處表示“向他的祖父學(xué)習(xí)”，應(yīng)填介詞from，構(gòu)成learnfrom表示“向……學(xué)習(xí)”。故填from?！?2題詳解】考查連詞。句意：下雨時(shí)，有人會(huì)用這種雨傘，那正是我想看到的。分析句子，空處引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，表示“什么”，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)從句。故填what?！?3題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：劉掌握了這些技能后，在余杭開(kāi)辦了一個(gè)工作室，在那里他聚集了制傘大師。分析句子，空處作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)mastered以及gathered使用過(guò)去式形式可知，句子應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，start與主語(yǔ)astudio之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)astudio是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用was。故填wasstarted?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了銷售雨傘，劉在2017年開(kāi)了一家網(wǎng)店。分析句子，空處作非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，表示目的，應(yīng)用不定式形式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填Tosell?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：他還出現(xiàn)在不同地方的事件和活動(dòng)中，向更多的人展示這項(xiàng)藝術(shù)。空處與activities并列，作介詞at的賓語(yǔ)，所以空處應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示泛指。故填events。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，你校將于下周舉行“10公里徒步活動(dòng)”。請(qǐng)你代表學(xué)生會(huì)寫一封電子郵件給你校外籍教師Peter，邀請(qǐng)他參加本次徒步活動(dòng)。內(nèi)容包括：1.向他發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)；2.介紹本次徒步活動(dòng)；3.活動(dòng)注意事項(xiàng)。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.開(kāi)頭結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出。參考詞匯：10公里徒步活動(dòng)a10-kmhikingtripDearPeter,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearPeter,RepresentingtheStudents’Union,Isincerelyinviteyoutojoinusinthe10-kmhikingtriptobeheldnextweek.ThisactivityisscheduledfornextTuesday.Allthest