初中英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)省公開(kāi)課一等獎(jiǎng)全國(guó)示范課微課金獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)廬江盛橋中學(xué)袁興發(fā).61/18一、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞組成：have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞2/18過(guò)去分詞組成1.直接加-ed。如：play-played2.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，變y為i加ed。如：carry-carried3.以字母e結(jié)尾直接加d。如：name-named4.重讀閉音節(jié)且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母再加-ed。如：stop-stopped5.不規(guī)則改變。如：eat-eaten,see-seen3/18現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句型必定句必定句式是“have（has）＋過(guò)去分詞注意：該句式中have或has是助動(dòng)詞，has用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用have。Ihave(縮寫(xiě)為I’ve)eatenmylunch.She

has（不縮寫(xiě)）eatenherlunch.4/18Ihavenot(haven’t)seenthefilm.Shehasnot(hasn’t)seenthefilm.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)否定形式：havenot(haven’t)+過(guò)去分詞hasnot(hasn’t)+過(guò)去分詞

否定句5/18疑問(wèn)句普通疑問(wèn)句式是把助動(dòng)詞have或has提到主語(yǔ)之前。（回答用“Yes，．．．have（has）．／“No，．．．haven’t（hasn’t）．”）HaveyouknownSandyforalongtime?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.

Hassheeatenbreakfast

yet？Yes,shehas./No,shehasn’t.

6/181、表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成動(dòng)作,但對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響或結(jié)果。Haveyouhadyourbreakfastyet?Ihavereadthebooktwicealready.常和already,yet,never,just,before,ever,recently等標(biāo)志性副詞連用。二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示意義及標(biāo)志性詞7/18already和yet區(qū)分

already慣用于必定句中或句末；yet慣用于普通疑問(wèn)句或否定句末。e.g.

1.Tom

has

already

finished

his

work.

2.Tom

hasn’t

finished

his

work

yet.

8/182)

表示過(guò)去某個(gè)動(dòng)作(延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)，

連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,甚至還會(huì)繼續(xù)下去動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與包含現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。youhavestudiedEnglishfor6years.TomhaslivedinBeijingsince.9/18for+一段時(shí)間since+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)Since+一段時(shí)間+agoSince+從句（從句用普通過(guò)去時(shí)）謂語(yǔ)只可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞.I’ve

lived

here

for8years.I’velivedheresince.

I’velivedheresince8yearsago.I’velivedheresinceIwasborn.10/181.短暫性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(前面為短暫性動(dòng)詞)leave=beawayfrombegin=beonborrow=keepbuy=havedie=bedeadmarry=bemarried這本書(shū)露西已經(jīng)借了一個(gè)月了。Lucyhaskeptthebookforamonth.他爺爺已經(jīng)逝世五年了。Hisgrandpahasbeendeadforfiveyears.三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本使用方法11/182、havegoneto與havebeento區(qū)分：havegoneto：“去了某地”，表示某人在路上，或者在目標(biāo)地；已不在原地。havebeento：“曾去過(guò)某地”，說(shuō)話時(shí)人已不在某地了，已經(jīng)回來(lái)。HehasbeentoXi’antwice.他曾經(jīng)去過(guò)西安兩次。（已經(jīng)回來(lái)了）Youcan’tfindhim.HehasgonetoXi’an.你找不到他。他去西安了。（還沒(méi)回來(lái)）12/183、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與普通過(guò)去時(shí)區(qū)分現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)范圍，不能和表示過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday,lastnight,threeweeksago,in1990等.而普通過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在沒(méi)相關(guān)系。Ihave

seen

the

film

twice.Isaw

the

film

last

week.He

has

lived

here

since

1993.He

lived

here

in

1993.13/18

1.play2.carry3.name4.stop

5.go

四、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)1,寫(xiě)出以下動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞played

playedcarried

carriednamed

named

stopped

stoppedwentgone

14/182、用already和yet填空

1.Tom

has

finished

his

work.

2.Tom

hasn’t

finished

his

work

.

3.Have

you

finished

it

?already

yetyet15/183,用for和since填空。_______aweek_______alongtime_______1997______twoweeks_______threeyearsago_______lastmonthforforforsincesincesince16/18

4,用havebeento,havegoneto填空。1.We

Yangzhoualready.2.Mysister

theshop.Shewillbebackintwohours.3.Myparents

the