銜接點02新課2Unit1Backtoschool（語法寫作預(yù)習(xí)）（譯林版2020）

新課2Unit1Backtoschool（語法寫作預(yù)習(xí)）1.語法：句子成分和基本句型2.Writing：倡議書語法精講：句子成分和基本句型句子成分概述：句子是表達(dá)思想的基本單位。句子成分是指在句中起著不同語法作用的部分。英語的句子成分(sentenceelements)主要有主語(S)、謂語(V)、賓語(O)、補語(C)、狀語(A)、表語(P)、定語(Attr.)等。[觀察例句]黑體部分在句中作什么成分？1．Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.賓語2．TheyareChinesetravellingabroad.表語3．Inthemorningweoftenhearthebirdssingingmerrily.賓語補語4．Sheboughtherchildastorybook.間接賓語；直接賓語5．Thereisapictureonthewall.主語6．Themanageraskedthecollegestudenttoein.謂語7．Girlsprefertoseewomendoctors.定語8．Lighttravelsmostquickly.狀語句子成分意義位置例句主語subject：S主語是一個句子所敘述的主體，主語是謂語講述的對象.一般位于句首1.Theroomisveryclean.（名詞）2.WeoftenspeakEnglish.（代詞）3.Eightismyluckynumber.（數(shù)詞）4ToteachthemEnglishismyjob.（動詞不定式）5Swimmingisgoodforourhealth.(動名詞）6.Whatweneedisfood.（句子）7.Thepoorareeverywhere.(the+形容詞)謂語Verb：V謂語說明主語所做的動作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)；謂語必須是動詞，體現(xiàn)時態(tài)和語態(tài)一般放在主語之后謂語分簡單謂語和復(fù)合謂語：1、簡單謂語：由一個動詞或動詞短語構(gòu)成。Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.

2、復(fù)合謂語：a.情態(tài)動詞+v:HecanspeakEnglish.b.助動詞：Hedoesn'tlikespeakingChinese.c.系動詞：Iamseeingthefilm.表語predicative：P說明主語的狀況，性質(zhì)，特征等系動詞之后1.Iamateacher.（名詞）2.Iamten.（數(shù)詞）3.Hebecamerichandsuccessful.（形容詞）4.Everyoneishere.（副詞）5.Theyareathomenow.(介詞短語）6.MyjobistoteachthemEnglish.（不定式）賓語object:O表示動作所涉及的對象，內(nèi)容或承受者動賓介賓1Heissittingonthepiano.（名詞）2Heoftenhelpsme.（代詞）3HelikestowatchTV.(動詞不定式）4.HelikeswatchingTV.（動詞ing)賓語補足語objectplement:C說明賓語的狀況，性質(zhì)，特征等賓語后1WecalledhimDongMing.（名詞）

2Wesawhimplayingsoccer.（現(xiàn)在分詞）3Wesawhimplaysoccer.(省to不定式)

4Wefoundmathdifficult.（形容詞）狀語adverbial:A修飾動詞,形容詞,副詞或全句的句子成分自由Tomrunsquickly.(副詞）2.Igetupatsixeveryday.（名詞）

3.Intheclassroom,theboyneedsapen.(介詞短語）

4.Havingtofinishit,theboyneedsapen.（分詞）5.Theboyneedsapentodohishomework(不定式)定語attributive定語是用來修飾、限制名詞或代詞的名詞/代詞前后1.Theseareappletrees.(名詞)2.Themenherearebusyworkingonthefarm.(副詞)3.Thereisnothingtodotoday.(不定式)4.Thesmilingboyneedsapenboughtbyhismother.(現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞短語)同位語appositive若兩個語法單位指同一個人或事物,并且句法功能也一樣,那么后一項代詞稱為前一項的同位語名詞/代詞后1.Westudentsshouldstudyhard.2.ProfessorWang,afamousscientist,willgiveusatalk.分析下列句子成分1.eq\f(I,①)eq\f(apologized,②)toeq\f(her,③)eq\f(forsteppingonherfoot.,④)①主語②謂語③賓語④狀語2.eq\f(Themeeting,①)eq\f(heldyesterday,②)eq\f(was,③)eq\f(important.,④)①主語②定語③系動詞④表語3.eq\f(Don'tforget,①)eq\f(towakemeup,②)eq\f(atsixtomorrowmorning.,③)①謂語②賓語③狀語4.eq\f(We,①)eq\f(saw,②)eq\f(them,③)eq\f(playingfootball,④)eq\f(ontheplayground.,⑤)①主語②謂語③賓語④賓補⑤狀語5.eq\f(Everyday,①)eq\f(he,②)eq\f(wasforced,③)eq\f(toworkfrommorningtillnight.,④)①狀語②主語③謂語④主補基本句型概述：按照結(jié)構(gòu)，英語的句子可分為簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句。只有一個主語(或并列主語)和一個謂語(或并列謂語)的句子叫作簡單句。簡單句有八種基本句型。[觀察例句]下列句子屬于什么句型？1．Everyonebreathes，drinksandeats.主謂2．TomcanspeakChinese.主謂賓3．Mybrothersareallcollegestudents.主系表4．Mysistertoldmeastory.主謂賓賓5．Wefindthebookinteresting.主謂賓補6．MyparentsliveinBeijing.主謂狀7．Ilookedattheminpanic.主謂賓狀8．Therearemanytreesaroundourschool.存現(xiàn)句1)A.主+謂（SV）這種句型中的謂語動詞是不及物動詞，沒有直接賓語；但常帶有狀語。例如：Thewaterisboiling.水開了。Theyhavebeenwaiting.他們一直在那兒等。Thetrainwillleave.火車就要開了。2)B.主+謂+賓（SVO）這一句型中的謂語動詞是及物動詞，那么它必須帶有自己的賓語。在英文中，當(dāng)一個動詞（包括單個動詞和動詞短語）作及物動詞用時，它必須要有自己的賓語（除非是賓語在上下文里很明確地提到過，為避免不必要的重復(fù)，才會省去。），否則會視為"句子不完整"。Tomhasabrother.湯姆有一個弟弟。Theywantedtohavearest.他們想歇息一會兒。Hesuccessfullycarriedouthisplan.他成功地實行了他的計劃。3)C.主+系+表(SP)英文中的系動詞主要是指Be動詞的各種變化形式，也包括那些有時起系動詞作用的實義動詞。這類動詞常見的有：常見的系動詞：1.表狀態(tài)：be,keep,remain,stay(保持)2.表感官:look,feel,sound,smell,taste（~起來）3.表變化:bee,go,grow,turn,fall,get（變成）4.表似乎:seem,appear（相似、顯得）5.表結(jié)果;prove(證明是),turnout(結(jié)果是)例如：Thismachineisingoodcondition.這臺機器的情況良好。Thegardensmellspleasant.這座花園香氣怡人。Silkfeelssoftandsmooth.絲綢摸起來又軟又滑。4)D.主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語（SVIODO）此句型中的謂語動詞后接兩個賓語："間接賓語"多由代詞或名詞充當(dāng)；"直接賓語"，往往由名詞充當(dāng)。這類句型常有"給某人某物"、"送某人某物"、"留給某人某物"等意思。常見的這類謂語動詞有：buy,bring,get,give,pass,read,tell,take,teach,write,award(授予某人……),hand(遞給某人……),lend,leave,pay,rent,remend(將某人推薦給……),send,show等。例如：（注：上面各詞的中文釋義是刻意按照該詞的常用動詞句型而給的，以便于大家更好地理解該詞出現(xiàn)于哪個基本句型中。）Hebroughtmeacoat.他給我?guī)硪患笠隆assmethedictionary,please.請將詞典遞給我。Ilendhimmybicycle.我把自行車借給他了。5)E.主+謂+賓+賓補（SVOC）此句型概括了這樣一種情況：有些及物動詞的后面有時常帶復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)（即：賓語+賓語補足語）。在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語補足語是對賓語"做什么"、"怎么樣"等方面進(jìn)行補充說明。賓語補足語可由名詞、形容詞、動詞不定式、分詞或介詞短語擔(dān)當(dāng)。常帶復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)的及物動詞有：ask,allow,appoint(任命),believe,call,cause,catch,consider,elect(選舉),expect,feel,find,get,have,hear,imagine,keep,know,let,listento,lookat,make,notice,see,smell,start,watch,tell,think,want,wish等等。例如：Weelectedhimourmonitor.我們選他當(dāng)班長。Thenewsmademehappy.那消息使我很高興。Weknowhimtobeanexpert.我們知道他是專家。Heheardsomebodyopeningthedoor.他聽見有人在開門。Ifoundmyselfindark.我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己還蒙在鼓里。6)主語+謂語+狀語（SVA）英語中的主語：一般位于句首是句子陳述的對象謂語：動詞做謂語狀語：一般副詞做狀語,表示時間,地點,原因,方式.等的也是狀語主謂狀1.Herunsfast其中he是主語run是謂語動詞fast副詞做狀語2.Hegetsupearlyinthemorning.He是主語getup動詞短語作謂語earlyinthemorning作狀語。Theboyspokeloudlytohisteacher.Hespokeinalowvoice.Hetalkedtoomuch.Shewenthomeverylateyesterdayevening.Themeetingwilllasttwohours.7)主語+謂語+賓語+狀語（SVOA）Iforgottomailtheletteryesterday.（時間狀語）Unfortunately,Iforgottomailtheletteryesterday.（時間狀語）Ihadmyfirstmathsclassinseniorhighschool.（地點狀語）8)therebe句型Therebe句型是英語中常用句型，意思是"有"，表示"人或事物的存在"或"某地有某物"。There在此結(jié)構(gòu)中是引導(dǎo)詞，已經(jīng)沒有副詞"那里"的含義Therebe句型中的be應(yīng)和其后出現(xiàn)的主語在數(shù)上一致，即“近主原則”，如：Thereisalamponthetable.Therearesomeapplesinthebowl.Therearefivebooks,twopensandarulerintheschoolbag.Thereisaruler,twopensandfivebooksintheschoolbag.一．Matchthesentencesbelowwiththecorrectstructures.Writethelettersinthebrackets.aSVcSVOeSVOCgSVOAbSVPdSVOOfSVA1.Weathermattersagreatdeal.()2.Schoolmealsarefreshandhealthy.()3.Ourschooloffersstudentsabalanceddiet.()4.Abalanceddietkeepsthebodyhealthy.()5.Studentshavefreshfruitandvegetables.()6.AmylikeswatchingEnglishfilmsverymuch.()7.Englishlearningisinteresting,meaningfulandpractical.()8.FocusingonusingEnglishmakesEnglishlearningmoreeffective.()9.Thespeechbegan.()10.SheacquiresagoodknowledgeofEnglish.()f/b/d/e/c/g/b/e/a/c二．句子成分和結(jié)構(gòu)1.Wearedancing2.Tomcanswimverywell.3.Youmustgettheyourworkfinishedbytomorrow.4.Hegavehisdaughtersomeadviceonreading.5.BothTomandJackenjoyreading.1.主謂（SV）2.主謂狀（SVA）3.主謂賓補（SVOC）4.主謂賓賓（SVOO）5.主謂賓（SVO）三、根據(jù)要求翻譯句子1.你們必須在兩周內(nèi)看完這些書。（主謂賓）__________________________________________________________________________2.冬季白天短，夜里長。（主系表）_____________________________________________________3.這個學(xué)期我已經(jīng)給父母寫過三封信了。（雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)）________________________________________________________4.明天我要找人來修理機器。（主謂賓補）___________________________________________________________1.Youmustfinishingreadingthesebooksintwoweeks.2.Inwinter,thedaysareshortandthenightsarelong.3.ThistermIhavewrittenthreeletterstomyparents.4.TomorrowIwillhavesomeonerepairthemachine.四．用所給句型翻譯下列句子1．我每天起得很早。(SVA)Igetupveryearlyeveryday.2．今天下午我想和你談?wù)劇?SVOA)Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.3．奶奶給我講了一個有趣的故事。(SVIODO)Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstory.4．我要你把真相告訴我。(SVOC)Iwantyoutotellmethetruth.5．這個報告聽起來很有意思。(SVP)Thereportsoundsinteresting.6．湯姆已經(jīng)離開了。(SV)Tomhasleft.7．我們完成了作業(yè)。(SVO)Wehavefinishedourhomework.8．在拐角處有一家餐館。(存現(xiàn)句)Thereisarestaurantaroundthecorner．寫作精講倡議書倡議書屬于應(yīng)用文的一種，由標(biāo)題、稱呼、正文、結(jié)尾、落款五部分組成。一般用將來時或一般現(xiàn)在時。題目常會給出標(biāo)題、稱呼、結(jié)尾、落款這四部分，考生只需完成正文即可。這類寫作的正文包括倡議的目的、內(nèi)容以及呼吁。[基本框架]1．開頭——點明發(fā)出倡議的目的；2．主體——詳細(xì)說明倡議的內(nèi)容；3．結(jié)尾——對特定對象發(fā)出呼吁。注意事項：該體裁觀點鮮明，情感真摯。觀點鮮明，顯示著說話者對一種理性認(rèn)識的肯定，也顯示著說話者對客觀事物見解的透徹程度，能給人以可信性和可靠感，情感真摯才能打動人，引起共鳴。[常用詞塊]1．Nowadays，...Ashighschoolstudents，whatshouldwedo?現(xiàn)在，……作為高中生，我們應(yīng)該做些什么呢？2．Inorderto...Ithinkweshouldtryourbesttodowhateverwecan.為了……我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該盡最大努力。3．NowIwouldliketocalloneveryonetopayattentionto...現(xiàn)在我想要呼吁大家關(guān)注……4．Inmyopinion，weshould...Onlyinthiswaycanwe....在我看來，我們應(yīng)該……只有用這樣的方法我們才能……5．Itwouldbebetterif...如果……，那就更好了。6．Itishightimethatwe...是我們……的時候了。7．Aslongasweworktogether，wecan...只要我們團結(jié)，就能……。8．Ifyouarewillingto...，please...如果你愿意……，請……[常用語句]※精彩開頭1．WhatI'mtalkingabouttodayismydream.我今天要談?wù)摰氖俏业膲粝搿?．It'snicetospeakaboutwhatwecandoforourschool，andIthinkeachofuscandosomething.很高興談?wù)勎覀兡軌驗閷W(xué)校做些什么，我認(rèn)為我們每個人都可做到。3．It'smyhonourtostandhereandsaysomethingaboutfriendship.很榮幸站在這里談?wù)撽P(guān)于友誼的話題。4．Nowadays，peopleinbigcitiesareplainingabouttheheavytraffic.現(xiàn)在，生活在大城市里的人們在抱怨嚴(yán)重的交通阻塞。5．Goodlisteningcanalwaysshowrespect，promoteunderstanding，andimproveinterpersonalrelationship.善于傾聽能夠顯示出對于別人的尊重，促進(jìn)相互理解，改善人際關(guān)系?！募丫?.Asweallknow，failureisthemotherofsuccess，butfewpeoplecanreallyunderstandwhatthesayingmeans.我們都知道失敗是成功之母，但是很少有人真正理解這句格言的真諦。2.NowifyouaskmewhatIwanttobewhenIgrowup，IwillsaywithouthesitationthatIwanttobeateacher，particularlyanEnglishteacher!如今你若問我長大想干什么，我會毫不猶豫地回答：我想當(dāng)個老師，尤其是當(dāng)一名英語老師！3．TodayIalsohaveadream—tomakeourcountrystrongerandmoreprosperous.今天我也有一個夢想——讓我們的國家變得更加強大，更加繁榮。4.Fromthispointofview，wecanseemoreandmorepeopletendtoofferhelptothoseintrouble.從這個角度來看，我們可以看到越來越多的人傾向于幫助那些處于麻煩中的人。5.Noonecandenythefactthatexercisingregularlyandkeepingabalanceddietbenefitourhealthgreatly.沒有人能夠否認(rèn)這一事實：經(jīng)常鍛煉和保持均衡的飲食對健康非常有益處。6.Thethingweshoulddoistoprotectthefacilitiesinourschool.我們應(yīng)該做的是保護好我們學(xué)校的設(shè)施?！辔督Y(jié)尾1．Ifeveryonedoesonethingforourschool，Ibelievewewillturnourschoolintoabetterplacetostudyandlivein.如果每個人都為學(xué)校做些事情，我相信我們學(xué)校會變成一個更有利于大家學(xué)習(xí)和生活的地方。2．Inmyopinion，weshouldtrytodevelophealthyeatinghabitstobuildupastrongbody.Onlyinthiswaycanwehaveenoughenergytostudybetter.在我看來，我們應(yīng)該盡力養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習(xí)慣來強身健體。只有這樣我們才能夠擁有足夠的精力以便于更好的學(xué)習(xí)。3．Aslongasweworktogether，wecanmaketheimpossiblepossible.只要我們眾志成城，一切皆有可能。4．Ifyoucherishit，youwillhaveasuccessfullife!珍惜它，你就會擁有成功的生活。例題越來越多的汽車進(jìn)入了我們的家庭，改善了我們的生活，但同時也帶來了很多問題，如堵車和車禍，給家庭和社會帶來了極大的危害。請你以學(xué)生會的名義，就交通安全問題用英語給全體學(xué)生寫一封倡議書。內(nèi)容包括：1．遵守交通規(guī)則，如走人行道/過斑馬線；2．別在街道或馬路上玩耍；3．勸父母不要酒后駕車。注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：斑馬線zebra-crossing【學(xué)生習(xí)作】Dearschoolmates，Moreandmorecarsareingintoourfamiliesandwearehappythattheyhavegreatlyimprovedourlife.Butunluckily，theyhavealsobroughtmanyproblems，suchasheavytrafficandtrafficaccidents.Trafficsafetyiseverybody'sbusiness.Wemustobeytherules.Forexample，wemustwalkonthesidewalks，whenwecrosszebra-crossing，stop，lookrightandleft，andthengoacrossfast.Don'tplayontheroad.Wecantellourparentsnottodrinkbeforetheydrive，nottorunthroughredlights，nottotalkandlaughwhiletheyaredriving.Carsareingintoourlife，butwecanbesafetodriveonroadsandwalkonsidewalksonlywheneverybodythinkstrafficsafetyiseverybody'sbusiness.TheStudents'Union點評：1.文章主體結(jié)構(gòu)安排欠合理：第二段可以分成兩段。2.句式較為單調(diào)：有些句子可以適當(dāng)整合以提升句子質(zhì)量，增強表達(dá)效果。3.詞匯選擇以初級詞匯為主：應(yīng)多用一些高級詞匯。【升格作文】Dearschoolmates，Withmoreandmorecarsingintoourfamilies，wearehappythattheyhavegreatlyimprovedourlife.Butunluckily，theyhavealsobroughtmanyproblems，suchasheavytrafficandtrafficaccidents.Trafficsafetyiseverybody'sbusiness.Wemustobeytherules.Forexample，wemustwalkonthesidewalks，whenwecrosszebra-crossing，stop，lookrightandleft，andthengoacrossfast.Don'tplayontheroad.Wecantellourparentsnottodrinkbeforetheydrive，nottorunthroughredlights，nottotalkandlaughwhiledriving.Let'stakeimmediateaction!TheStudents'Union一假定你是某國際學(xué)校的學(xué)生李華，你校正在開展“創(chuàng)建美麗校園”的活動。請你用英語給全校學(xué)生寫一封倡議書。要點包括：1．創(chuàng)建美麗校園的重要性；2．校園內(nèi)存在的不文明現(xiàn)象；3．你的態(tài)度。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右(開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，但不計入總詞數(shù))；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Dearfellowstudents，I'mwritingtocalloneveryonetotakeanactivepartinbuildingabeautifulcampus.Yours，LiHua【參考范文】Dearfellowstudents，I'mwritingtocalloneveryonetotakeanactivepartinbuildingabeautifulcampus.Asweknow，wespendmostofourtimeoncampus.Anattractivecampuscanmakeourlearningpleasantandasaresultimproveourgrades.However，somestudentscanbeseenrunningonthelawn，pickingflowers.Someevenspitinpublicorthrowrubbisheverywhere.It'stimewedidsomethingtochangethesituation.Ithinkeveryoneisresponsibleforthebeautyofourcampusandifeachofusavoidsdoinganythingimproper，ourcampuswillnodoubtbeemorebeautiful.Everyeffortmatters.Let'stakeactionnow!Yours，LiHua二你校將以六月八日世界海洋日為主題,舉辦英語征文比賽。請你寫一篇短文投稿,內(nèi)容包括:1.海洋的重要性;2.保護海洋的倡議。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.短文的題目和首句已為你寫好。OurOceans,OurResponsibilityJune8thwasofficiallynamedbytheUNin2009asWorldOceansDay. 答案Onepossibleversion:OurOceans,OurResponsibilityJune8thwasofficiallynamedbytheUNin2009asWorldOceansDay.Itaimstoraisepeople'sawarenessofprotectingoceans.

Whyshouldweprotecttheocean?Thereasonisthatitprovidesvariousbenefits.Tobeginwith,theseaisasignificantsourceoffood.Withtheworldpopulationgrowing,wearerelyingontheoceanmoreandmoreforsurvival.Inaddition,notonlydoestheoceanproducemuchoxygen,butitalsoabsorbsmuchcarbondioxide,whichremarkablycontributestoregulatingtheEarth'sclimate.Also,vastamountsofmedicinalproductsefromtheocean,includingingredientsthathelpfightcancerandheartdisease.However,theseaisbeingdamaged.Hugeasitis,itismoresensitivethanwethink.Thus,itishightimethatwetookeffectivemeasurestoprotectit.Otherwise,futuregenerationswillnotforgiveus.一Iexpectedmyfirstdayofseniorhighschooltobeanxious.Ifirstwenttothegymfortheschoolmeetingthatwascrowdedwithstudentsandteachers.IfeltanxiousbecauseIdidn'tknowanybody.Isatdownandmetanewfriend,Nick.Weexchangedgreetingsandwatchedthecheerleaders(啦啦隊隊員)perform.IstartedtolikehighschoolbecauseIhadneverseensuchawonderfulperformancebefore.NickandIwalkedoutofthegymtoourfirstclassofhighschool.MyfirstclasswasMr.Malouf'shistoryclass.IwalkedwithNickthroughthehallways(走廊),lookedforateacherandasked,“WhereisMr.Malouf'sclass?”Theteacher,whowelaterknewwasMr.Charles,showedusthedirection.WhenwemetMr.Malouf,hewasofmediumheightwithbrownhair.Wecouldtellfromhisintroductionthatheknewhoweveryoneintheclassfelt—anxious.WefeltlessawkwardafterMr.Maloufsaid,“OK,Iknowthatthisisyourfirstdayofhighschool,andIwantthistobeagoodfirstclassofyourhighschoolbecausethisisalsomyfirstclass!”MynextclasswasMr.Kelly'sbiologyclass.Whenwesatdown,heintroducedhimselfandhopedthathewouldbethemostexcellentteacherthatwewouldhaveatschool.HecalledmeMayfieldandIfeltthatheneededtopractisemynamemore.Hewasthefirstteachertoputustoworkonmyveryfirstschoolday.Thisupsetmegreatlybecauseusuallytherewasnotmuchhomeworkonthefirstday.Afterschool,Iwastakenhomebymymom.WhenIgothome,IthankedGodforsuchawonderfulday.Ihadimaginedmyfirstdaywouldbeliketheoneinthemovie.Thefirstdayofhighschoolinthemovieisthatateenagerisleftaloneandheorshesitsbyhimselforherselfatlunch.1.Whatmadetheauthorstarttolikehighschool?A.Thecheerleaders'performance. B.Teachers'help.C.Thefirsthistoryclass. D.Mr.Kelly'sclass.2.Whoshowedtheauthorthewaytothehistoryclassroom?A.Nick. B.Mr.Malouf.C.Mr.Charles. D.Mayfield.3.Whydidtheauthorfeelupsetinthebiologyclass?A.Hedidn'tknowanybody. B.Mr.Kellycalledhimbythewrongname.C.Theteachertaughthimalesson. D.Therewasmuchbiologyhomework.4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ASchoolMeeting B.TheFirstDayofHighSchoolC.ABoringBiologyClass D.HappyHighSchoolLife◎語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。作者原本以為高中第一天會是緊張的一天,但在認(rèn)識了同學(xué)和老師之后,他度過了非常愉快的一天。1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“IstartedtolikehighschoolbecauseIhadneverseensuchawonderfulperformancebefore.”可知,啦啦隊的精彩表演讓作者開始喜歡高中。故A項正確。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知,作者的第一節(jié)課是Mr.Malouf的歷史課,又根據(jù)第二段第四句可知,是Mr.Charles告訴了作者怎樣去歷史課教室。故C項正確。3.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句可知,Mr.Kelly是第一個讓學(xué)生們在開學(xué)第一天就做作業(yè)的老師,而通常在第一天是沒有很多作業(yè)的。故可推斷,作者不高興是因為有很多生物作業(yè)要做。故D項正確。4.B主旨大意題。文章多次提及firstday,而且主要介紹作者在高中第一天的經(jīng)歷和感受,故選B項“高中第一天”。易錯歸因本題易誤選D項,D項雖提及highschool,且happy一詞也符合作者在文中的心情,但“快樂的高中生活”過于寬泛,犯了過度引申的錯誤?！靖哳l詞匯】1.gymn.體育館;健身房2.becrowdedwith...擠滿……3.performv.表演4.performancen.表演5.upsetv.使煩惱長難句原句Whenwesatdown,heintroducedhimselfandhopedthathewouldbethemostexcellentteacherthatwewouldhaveatschool.分析該句為主從復(fù)合句。其中when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,and連接introduced和hoped兩個并列的謂語動詞,第一個that引導(dǎo)賓語從句,作hoped的賓語,第二個that引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞teacher,that在從句中作have的賓語。譯文我們坐下后,他做了自我介紹,并希望他會成為我們在學(xué)校遇到的最優(yōu)秀的老師。二WhenIwasaseniorhighschoolstudent,mathematicslookedlikeabigbarrier(障礙)formeandseveralofmyclassmates.MrIyer,astrictmathsteacher,wasalsoourclassteacher.Healwaysstucktohisdiscipline.Wehadtoarriveontime,andpayundividedattentiontohislectures,anddarednotforgetanyofhishomework.Evenso,asourclassteacher,wegottoknowhimbetter.Noticingsomeofuscouldn'tsitstillandseemedanxiousonedayasthemid?termexamswereing,hestoppedsolvingamathematicalproblemtoaskuswhy.“There'stoomuchtodo,”wesighed.“We'refrightenedthatwe'llnevermanagetofinishrevisingbeforetheexam.”“Nothingisimpossible,”MrIyertoldus.“Thisclassroomisonthesecondfloor.Doyouhaveproblemsreachinghere?”Werepliedwithblankstares(面無表情的凝視).“No,youdon't!”hesaid,answeringhisownquestion.“Youhaveastaircasetohelpyouclimbuptothislevel.Nooneexpectsyoutomakeitintwogiantleaps(大跨步).Yousimplytakeonestepatatime.Anyproblemcanbesolvedifyouconcentrateontheimmediateactiontobetaken.Therestwilltakecareofitselfifyoukeepatit.Onestepatatime.That'sthesecret.”Thenhewrotedownanoldmottothatleftadeepimpressiononmeontheblackboard—thelongestjourneystartswithasinglestep.Havingheardhisstaircaseanalogy(比擬),weunderstoodwhyheaskedusthequestionandwesawhiminanewlight.Atlast,mostofmyclassmatesscoredhighlyinmaths.AndIwentontobeeanEnglishteacher.Tothisday,wheneverIpassonMrIyer'sinvaluableadvicetomyownstudents,theybrightenupattheprospectofalighteracademicburden.5.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A.ThewayMrIyertaughthisstudentsmaths.B.Thereasonwhymathswashardfortheauthor.C.Thestudents'pointsofviewonMrIyer'scharacter.D.Thebriefintroductionoftheauthor'smathsteacher,MrIyer.6.WhydidMrIyerstopsolvingamathematicalprobleminclass?A.MrIyerwasalittletiredandwantedtohavearest.B.Somestudentsmadetroubleandaffectedtheclass.C.Themathematicalproblemwasratherpuzzling.D.Somestudentsseemedimpatientandupset.7.Whatisthesecretofreachingone'sgoalaccordingtoMrIyer?A.Thereisonlyonestepbetweensuccessandfailure.B.Takeactionquicklyandmakeprogresslittlebylittle.C.Itisimportanttomakeuseofagoodopportunity.D.Don'thesitatetoaskforhelpwhenmeetingwithbarriers.8.HowdoestheauthorlikeMrIyer'sadvice?A.Strangeandimpractical. B.Incorrectandmisleading.C.Meaningfulandvaluable. D.Simpleanduninteresting.◎語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者高中時候的班主任Iyer老師通過爬樓梯的比喻給學(xué)生們提供了寶貴的建議,對作者以后的學(xué)習(xí)和工作都產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。5.D主旨大意題。第一段第一句“當(dāng)我還是一名高中生時,對我和我的一些同學(xué)來說數(shù)學(xué)似乎是一個很大的障礙?！币隽讼挛膶?shù)學(xué)老師的介紹:Iyer老師是一位嚴(yán)格的數(shù)學(xué)老師,也是我們的班主任。他總是堅持他的紀(jì)律。我們必須準(zhǔn)時到達(dá),專心聽課,不敢忘記他的任何作業(yè)。由此可知,第一段簡略介紹了作者的數(shù)學(xué)老師Iyer,故選D。6.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Noticingsomeofuscouldn'tsitstillandseemedanxious”和“hestoppedsolvingamathematicalproblemtoaskuswhy”可知,Iyer老師看到學(xué)生坐立不安,所以停止了教學(xué),學(xué)生坐立不安與D項中的“impatientandupset”的意思一致,故選D。7.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Iyer老師的話“Yousimplytakeonestepatatime.Anyproblemcanbesolvedifyouconcentrateontheimmediateactiontobetaken...That'sthesecret.(你只需一步一個腳印。如果你專注于立即采取的行動,任何問題都可以解決……那就是秘訣。)”可知,Iyer老師認(rèn)為達(dá)到目標(biāo)的秘訣是立即行動并逐步取得進(jìn)步,故選B。8.C推理判斷題。由最后一段最后一句“Tothisday,wheneverIpassonMrIyer'sinvaluableadvicetomyownstudents,theybrightenupattheprospectofalighteracademicburden.(時至今日,每當(dāng)我向自己的學(xué)生傳授Iyer老師的寶貴的建議時,他們都會因減輕學(xué)業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)的可能性而高興起來。)”可知,作者認(rèn)為Iyer老師的建議是有意義的、寶貴的,故選C?！靖哳l詞匯】1.stickto堅持2.disciplinen.紀(jì)律3.ontime按時4.managev.設(shè)法做到;管理5.expectv.期望6.immediateadj.立即的7.takecareof處理,負(fù)責(zé);照顧8.brightenup(使)快活起來;(天氣)放晴9.prospectn.可能性,希望;前景;前途10.burdenn.負(fù)擔(dān);重負(fù)v.使擔(dān)負(fù)【熟詞生義】lightn.眼光【差距