Unit3SeaExploration單元重點(diǎn)知識(shí)清單與練習(xí)高中英語(yǔ)人教版選擇性

Unit3SeaExploration單元重點(diǎn)知識(shí)清單一、單詞轉(zhuǎn)換1．extendvt.擴(kuò)展；使伸長(zhǎng)；延長(zhǎng)→extendedadj.延伸的；擴(kuò)大的；長(zhǎng)期的→extensionn．?dāng)U大；延伸2．politicsn．政治；政治觀點(diǎn)→politicaladj.政治的；黨派的→politicianadj.政治家，政客→policyn．政策，方針3．professionn．職業(yè)；行業(yè)→professionaladj.專(zhuān)業(yè)的；職業(yè)的→professorn．教授；教師；研究員4．mixturen．混合；結(jié)合體；混合物→mixvt.配制；混淆；使混合→mixedadj.混合的；形形色色的；弄糊涂的5．coveragen．新聞報(bào)道；覆蓋范圍→coverv．包括；采訪；報(bào)道；行走；涉及；覆蓋6．migrationn．遷移；遷徙；移居→migratevi.移動(dòng)；移居；遷徙vt.使移居；使移植→migrationn．(為工作)移居者；移民；候鳥(niǎo)；遷徙動(dòng)物7．exploitvt.開(kāi)發(fā)；利用；剝削→exploitationn．開(kāi)發(fā)，開(kāi)采；利用；剝削8．murdervt.謀殺；兇殺；毀壞n．謀殺；兇殺→murderern．殺人犯；兇手9．mercyn．仁慈；寬恕；恩惠→mercifuladj.仁慈的；慈悲的；寬容的10．possessionn．(usuallypl.)個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)；擁有；控制→possessvt.控制；使掌握；持有；迷住；擁有，具備二、核心短語(yǔ)1．formthefoundationof形成……的基礎(chǔ)2．setsail起航；開(kāi)航3．inaleagueofone’sown獨(dú)領(lǐng)風(fēng)騷4．underthemandof在……的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下5．withdrawfrom退出；撤回6．reachout拓展；伸出7．forthebenefitof為……的利益8．inhand在手頭；可供使用9．spillinto涌進(jìn)10．negativecycle消極的循環(huán)；負(fù)循環(huán)11．huntfor搜尋，尋找12．withoutmercy殘忍地；毫不留情地13．behometo為……的所在地14．takeaction采取行動(dòng)15．lognewspecies記錄新物種16．a(chǎn)mountsof大量的17．havemoreoptionsfor有更多選擇18．froma...pointofview從一個(gè)...的角度來(lái)看19．pressconference記者招待會(huì)；新聞發(fā)布會(huì)20．strengthenthebondsbetween...and...增強(qiáng)……和……的關(guān)系三、經(jīng)典句式1．Topletethegreatmapoftheworldwasastrongpassionforthepeopleofearlycivilizations.完成這幅偉大的世界地圖對(duì)早期文明的人們來(lái)說(shuō)是一種強(qiáng)烈的激情。2．Inancienttimes，silkfromChinafounditswayoverlandtoIndia，theMiddleEast，andRome，alongwhatbecameknownastheSilkRoad.在古代，來(lái)自中國(guó)的絲綢沿著后來(lái)被稱(chēng)為“絲綢之路”的路線(xiàn)，經(jīng)由陸路傳到印度、中東和羅馬。3．Becauseofclimatechange，thereislessicenow，whichmeanswecanlookformorefossilfuelsfurthernorth.由于氣候變化，現(xiàn)在的冰越來(lái)越少，這意味著我們可以在更遠(yuǎn)的北方尋找更多的化石燃料。4．Understandingmoreabouttheseawillalsohelpusmanageitsresourcesbetter.更多地了解海洋也將幫助我們更好地管理它的資源。四、相關(guān)練習(xí)Tradeand___________(curious)haveoftenformedthefoundationofmankind’sgreatest

achievements.Topletethegreatmapoftheworldwasastrongpassion_____

thepeopleofearlycivilisations.MarcoPolo's

tales

inspiredEuropeanexplorers

___________(search)forsearoutesfromwest____east.However,merchantsandexplorersfromtheEastset

sailfromeasttowestmanyyearsbeforeColumbusfirstdid.貿(mào)易和好奇心通常構(gòu)成人類(lèi)最偉大成就的基礎(chǔ)。在早期文明中,人們對(duì)繪制世界大地圖充滿(mǎn)激情。馬可?波羅的故事激勵(lì)了歐洲探險(xiǎn)家尋找自西向東的海上航線(xiàn)。然而,在哥倫布首次啟航之前許多年,東方的商人和探險(xiǎn)家就已經(jīng)開(kāi)始自東向西航行。Inancienttimes,silkfromChinafound________(it)wayoverlandtoIndia,theMiddle

East,andRome,along_________becameknown____theSilkRoad.Atradingroute

acrosstheseawasalso

extended

alongthecoastsoftheIndianOcean,centred

aroundCeylon(nowSriLanka).Here,merchantsfromChinaandmanyotherplacesmetto

negotiate

tradedeals,______alsoledtomoreawarenessofeach

other'scultures.Overthecenturies,furthertradingallowedmoreexplorationof

theregionstothewestChina,asrecordedinDuHuan's

RecordofMyTravels

intheeighthcentury.在古代,來(lái)自中國(guó)的絲綢沿陸路運(yùn)至印度、中東和羅馬,這條路后來(lái)就是聞名退邇的“絲綢之路”。以錫蘭(今斯里蘭卡)為中心的一條橫踦海洋的貿(mào)易路線(xiàn)沿印度洋海岸延伸。在這里,來(lái)自中國(guó)和其他許多地方的商人匯聚一起,洽談貿(mào)易協(xié)議,這也增進(jìn)了對(duì)彼此文化的認(rèn)識(shí)。幾個(gè)世紀(jì)間,隨著貿(mào)易的發(fā)展,對(duì)中國(guó)以西地區(qū)的探索増多了,這些在八世紀(jì)杜環(huán)所著的《經(jīng)行記》一書(shū)中有所記載。Later,theMingDynastyfurtherdevelopedrelations______theseregions.Between1405and1433,sevenlargefleetssailedwest____voyagesoftradeand

exploration.Thesefleetswereasighttobeholdandwereina

league

_____their

ownatthattime.________themandofZhengHe,theysetsailfromtheSouth

ChinaSeaacrosstheIndianOceantothemouthoftheRedSea,andthentothe

eastcoastofAfrica.African

royal

familiessentgiftssuchasgiraffesasgestures

offriendshipinreturn____gold,silk,andspices.AlthoughChina

withdrew

from

furtherexpeditionsafter1433,theselandandsearoutesremainedactive

channels

betweenotherculturesforcenturies.后來(lái),明朝進(jìn)一步發(fā)展了與這些地區(qū)的關(guān)系。1405年至1433年間,七支大型船隊(duì)西渡重洋,開(kāi)展貿(mào)易和探索。當(dāng)時(shí),這些船隊(duì)極為壯觀,獨(dú)領(lǐng)風(fēng)騷。在鄭和的指揮下,船隊(duì)從南中國(guó)海起航,穿越印度洋,直抵紅?？?然后前往非洲東海岸。非洲王室贈(zèng)送長(zhǎng)頸鹿等禮物以示友好,同時(shí)也是作為他們獲得黃金、絲綢和香料的回贈(zèng)。盡管1433年后中國(guó)停止了進(jìn)一步的探索,但在隨后的幾個(gè)世紀(jì),這些陸地和海洋路線(xiàn)仍是與其他文化之間的活躍通道。Toreachoutacrossthesearemainsastrongdesiretoday.Theancientsearoutes

_________(travel)byZhengHearebeingrevisitedwiththe21stCenturyMaritimeSilk

Road,_______ispartoftheBeltandRoadInitiative.Theaimofthisinitiativeis

_______________(encourage)cooperationandtradeacrossthehistoricSilkRoadareas,and

_________(strength)the

bonds

betweenChinaandtherestoftheworld.Tradinghas

growngreatlyinrecentyears,andwillcontinuetodosoinyears__________(e).Chinahasinvestedbillions_____systemsandservicesalongtheseroutes,_______

willhelptogreatlydevelopthewholearea_______thebenefitoffuturetradeand

__________(culture)exchange.今天，跨海越洋依舊是人們強(qiáng)烈的渴望。作為“一帶一路”倡議的組成部分,“21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路”讓鄭和曾經(jīng)走過(guò)的古代海上航線(xiàn)再度受到關(guān)注。這項(xiàng)倡議旨在鼓勵(lì)橫跨歷史悠久的絲綢之路地區(qū)的合作與貿(mào)易,同時(shí)加強(qiáng)中國(guó)與世界其他地區(qū)之間的聯(lián)系。近年來(lái),貿(mào)易増長(zhǎng)迅猛,未來(lái)幾年也將繼續(xù)增長(zhǎng)。中國(guó)已經(jīng)在這些沿線(xiàn)地區(qū)的運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)和服務(wù)上投入了數(shù)十億美元,這將促進(jìn)整個(gè)地區(qū)實(shí)現(xiàn)大發(fā)展,有利于未來(lái)的貿(mào)易和文化交流。Chinahasalsojoineditsfriendsacrosstheseaonotherimportantprojects.AlthoughtheancientsearoutesofZhengHehavebeentravelledmanytimes,therearestillmanyotherplaces_______(leave)toexplore.Inrecentyears,Chinahas

joinedothernationsonseveralexpeditionstoexploretheArctic.Froma

_____________(science)pointofview,thereis_______urgentneedtostudytheArcticinorder______________(understand)climatechangeanditseffects.中國(guó)還與海洋彼岸的友邦一起參與了其他重要項(xiàng)目。盡管鄭和的古代海上路線(xiàn)已經(jīng)重走很多次了,但仍有許多其他地方有待探索。近年來(lái),中國(guó)與其他國(guó)家一道開(kāi)展了多次北極考察。從科學(xué)角度