Unit4DiscoveringUsefulStructures語法學(xué)案學(xué)生版

44320242025學(xué)年高二選擇性必修第一冊英語Unit4DiscoveringUsefulStructures整體掌握語法學(xué)案人教版英語24字整體教學(xué)教師版目錄目錄動詞-ing形式作賓語和表語思維導(dǎo)圖整體掌握語法精講規(guī)律探析基礎(chǔ)鞏固透析語法能力提升突破考點

動詞-ing形式作賓語和表語思維導(dǎo)圖整體掌握eq\x(動詞-ing形式)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(作賓語\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(動詞賓語,介詞賓語)),作表語,作賓補))語法精講規(guī)律探析語法規(guī)則v.ing作賓語的用法1．牢記下列用v.ing形式作賓語的動詞：admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,dislike,enjoy,escape,imagine,mind,practise,risk,suggest,miss,finish,keep等。Thestudentadmittedbeingcarelessindoinghomework.這個學(xué)生承認做家庭作業(yè)粗心。Sheimaginedwalkingintotheofficeandtellingeveryonewhatshethoughtofthem.她想象自己走進辦公室，對每個人說出自己對他們的看法。Heescapedbeingkilledintheblastbecausehehadnotgonetowork.他因沒有去上班而避免了在那次爆炸中喪生。2．只能接v.ing形式作賓語的動詞短語有：can'thelp,insiston,endup,feellike,succeedin,prevent/stop/keep...from,devote...to,lookforwardto,payattentionto,beaccustomedto,beusedto,getdownto,stickto,leadto,objectto等。Theyinsistedonvisitingthatplantnextweek.他們堅持下個星期參觀那家工廠。Ididn'tsucceedinmakingmyselfunderstoodbyhim.我沒能讓他理解我。Ihavebeenlookingforwardtoseeingyou.我一直盼望見到你。3．在allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接跟動名詞作賓語，如果有名詞或代詞作賓語，則構(gòu)成“allow/advise/forbid/permit＋名詞/代詞＋不定式(賓語補足語)”形式。Ourteacherdoesnotallowcheatingtogounpunished.我們的老師不允許作弊行為不受到懲罰。Hedidnotallowhimselftobetooupsetbythenews.他沒有因聽到這個消息而使自己過于煩惱。Theydon'tpermitscratchingpaintoffthewall.他們不許刮掉墻上的油漆。Hermotherdoesn'tpermithertostayawayatnight.她母親不允許她在外過夜。4．動詞need,require,want意為“需要”時，后跟動名詞的主動式或不定式的被動式作賓語，意義沒有區(qū)別。Theproblemrequiresdealingwith/tobedealtwithimmediately.這個問題要馬上處理。Thebuildingneedsrewiring/toberewired.這座樓房需要重新安裝電線。5．有些動詞和動詞短語后跟動詞不定式和動名詞作賓語皆可，但含義不同。常見的有：動詞賓語的形式意義forgettodo忘記做……doing忘記做過……remembertodo記著要去做……doing記得做過……regrettodo遺憾/抱歉要做……doing后悔做了……trytodo盡力做……doing嘗試做……meantodo打算做……doing意味著……stoptodo停下來去做(另外一件事)doing停止做(某一件事)goontodo接著做(另外一件事)doing接著做(同一件事)I'vealwaysregrettedmakingfriendswithhim.我一直后悔和他交了朋友。IregrettosaythatIcan'tattendyourparty.很抱歉，我不能參加你們的晚會。Itriedsendingherflowersbutitdidn'thaveanyeffect.我嘗試送花給她，但是沒有什么效果。Wemusttrytogeteverythingdoneintime.我們必須設(shè)法及時把一切做好。[學(xué)以致用1]單句語法填空①Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoid________(eat)withheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions.②Tohelpuspreparefortheexam,theteachersuggested________(read)throughournotes.③Wearealllookingforwardto________(visit)themuseumsoon.④Hedoesn'treallymean________(work)here,whichmeans________(leave)thejobsoonafterwards.⑤Thedeerwasluckyanditjustmissed________(catch)bythehunter.動詞ing形式作表語1．v.ing形式作表語，表示抽象的一般性的行為，用來說明主語的內(nèi)容，與主語通常是同一概念，表語和主語通?？梢越粨Q位置。Herjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossible.＝Keepingthelecturehallascleanaspossibleisherjob.她的工作是盡可能地使報告廳保持干凈。2．v.ing形式作表語，可以表示主語的某種性質(zhì)或特征，這類詞可以看作形容詞。Theargumentisveryconvincing.這個論點很令人信服。ThenewsthatyouwilletoChinathissummervacationisexciting.這個暑假你要來中國的消息是令人興奮的。[學(xué)以致用2]單句語法填空①Hehadaterrificsenseofhumourandcouldbevery________(amuse)．②Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkis________(learn)howtoconnectwithothers,notjustmunicatewiththem.③Myhobbyis________(sit)onthebeach，staringatthebluesky.④Yourspeechisveryinterestingand________(encourage)．動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞都可以作賓語補足語。1．動名詞作賓語補足語。IcallthisrobbingPetertopayPaul.我把這叫作拆東墻補西墻。2．現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語。(1)在see，hear，feel，watch，notice等感官動詞后和catch,find，have，keep，leave等動詞之后可以用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語。這時現(xiàn)在分詞和句子賓語之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示正在進行的動作。Icouldfeelthewindblowingonmyface.我能感到風迎面吹來。Whentheteachercaughttheboystudentcheatingintheexam,hemadehimgoout.發(fā)現(xiàn)這個男學(xué)生正在作弊，老師讓他出去了。Hekeptthemworkingallday.他讓他們整天干活。(2)以上結(jié)構(gòu)中有很多可變?yōu)楸粍有问?。變化后，現(xiàn)在分詞就變成了主語的補語。Hewasfoundlyingontheground.有人發(fā)現(xiàn)他躺在地上。Thepaperswereleftlyingaround.文件散落了一地。[學(xué)以致用3]單句語法填空Ifeelsomeone______________(pat)myshoulder.Iwon'thaveyou_____________(stand)long.Whatyouhavesaidleftme_____________(think)thatyouexperiencedmuchwhenyouwereyoung.Icaughtsightofayoungman_____________(run)outofthebankwhenIgotoffthebus.基礎(chǔ)鞏固透析語法Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Poemswhichhadseemeddulland_______________(bore)suddenlycametolife.2．Thebirdnarrowlyescaped_______________(shoot)bythehunter.3．Shelookedsmallandgentleandaltogether_______________(charm).4．Doyoufeellike_______________(have)awalkwithmeaftersupper?5．Myfathersuggested_______________(read)morebooksinmysparetime.6．Toavoid_______________(see)bytheteacher,Tonystoleintotheclassroombythebackdoor.7．Haveyouconsidered_______________(build)ahouseinthecountryside?8．Someofthechildrenareshyandtheyhavesomedifficultyin_______________(make)friends.9．Weregret_______________(inform)youthatyouwillhavetogiveupthischance.10．Weagreed_______________(meet)here，butsofarshehasn'tturnedupyet.Ⅱ.完成句子1．目前形勢令人驚恐。Thepresentsituation_______________．2．這個問題正在會上討論。Thisquestion_______________atthemeeting.3．當這個人看完信后，他看著他的朋友。Afterthemanfinished_______________helookedathisfriend.4．李明一直夢想著將來可以開始他自己的生意。LiMinghasalwaysbeendreamingof_______________inthefuture.5．盡管我是一個殘疾人，但我在生活中總是喜歡幫助別人。WhileI'madisabledman,Ialwaysenjoy_______________inmydailylife.能力提升突破考點語法填空1．Shedoesn’tlike(label)asanincapablewoman.(所給詞的適當形式填空)2．Thisincludeskeepingtheoriginalenvironmentfrom(touch).(所給詞的適當形式填空)3．Mykidspendshours(chat)onthephonewithherfriendseveryday.（所給詞的適當形式填空）4．Ihaveneverimaginedthere(be)suchagoodhotelinthistown.(所給詞的適當形式填空)5．Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoy(play)gamesofhideandseek.(所給詞的適當形式填空)6．Thebestapproachto(build)upyourbodyistodoexerciseeveryday.(所給詞的適當形式填空)7．Asaman,youshouldhavethecouragetoadmit(make)mistakes.(所給詞的適當形式填空)8．Youcan’tavoid

(make)mistakesinlanguagelearning.（所給詞的適當形式填空）9．Everyworkerlooksforwardto(have)agoodbosswhoiskindtothem.(所給詞的適當形式填空)10．Withthelocalsexplainingthecustomsindetail,wehadnodifficulty(figure)outthehiddenspiritofthefestival.（所給詞的適當形式填空）11．Herjobis(keep)thewholebuildingclean.(所給詞的適當形式填空)12．Theonlythingthatinterestshimis(dance).（所給詞的適當形式填空）13．Myhobbyis(collect)stampsfromdifferentcountries.(所給詞的適當形式填空)14．Thecrucialthingis(use)bodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.(所給詞的適當形式填空)15．OneofthetraditionsoftheSpringFestivalis(make)dumplings.(所給詞的適當形式填空)16．Byparison，hisworsthabitis(smoke)whilehavingdinner.(所給詞的適當形式填空)17．Dr.SusansuggestedTom(take)hisdaughtertothezooeverySunday.(所給詞的適當形式填空)18．Wegreatlyappreciateyour(give)usahandwhenwe’refacedwithtroubles.(所給詞的適當形式填空)19．MissLinsuggestedus(adopt)amoreimaginativeapproachtoessaywriting.（所給詞的適當形式填空）20．Thetipsgiveninthisbookareusefuland.(motivate)（所給詞的適當形式填空）完成句子1．我上學(xué)期間一直討厭別人取笑我的紅頭發(fā)。IusedtohateaboutmyredhairwhenIwasatschool.2．Icantoleratethehouse,butIhateitifit’snotclean.我可以容忍房間里不整齊，但是我討厭房間里臟亂不堪。3．Mydaughterhaschangedalotthesedays;thatistosay,thefilmwas(worth).我女兒這些天變了很多，也就是說，這部電影很值得一看。4．ThankstotheSilenceMachine,aBritishinvention,youcangetridofthesound.多虧了英國人發(fā)明的“靜音機”，你可以在不惹惱男孩或他的父母的情況下擺脫聲音。5．她忙著澆花，沒有注意到發(fā)生的一切。(employ)theflowers,shedidn’tnoticewhatwashappening.6．Iwasreallygratefultomycolleaguesfor(幫助我度過難關(guān))difficulties.(根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子)7．仁慈是向那些無法回報你的人伸出援手。Mercyiswhohavenothingtogivebacktoyou.8．Themaintaskforstudentsatschoolisteachers.學(xué)生在學(xué)校的主要任務(wù)是向老師學(xué)習(xí)知識。9．Idon’tthinkherjokeis我認為她的笑話無趣。10．Thedevelopmentofouraviationindustryis我們的航空工業(yè)的發(fā)展是非常令人鼓舞的。翻譯1．職業(yè)生涯成功的秘訣在于找到你所熱愛的。(漢譯英)