2025版高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)教材復(fù)習(xí)Unit1ScienceAndScientists教師用書新人教版選擇性必修第二冊

PAGEPAGE1Unit1ScienceAndScientistsⅠ.詞塊記單詞1.severediarrhoea嚴峻的腹瀉2.twocontradictorytheories兩種對立的理論3.aninfectionfromgerms細菌感染4.needproof須要證據(jù)5.multipledeaths多起死亡事務(wù)6.betoblame該受責(zé)怪，應(yīng)擔(dān)當(dāng)責(zé)任7.thehandleofthepump水泵的把手8.showalinkbetweenAandB顯示出A和B之間的聯(lián)系9.inhisuseofmapsandstatistics在他運用地圖和統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)方面10.changethethinkingofthescientificcommunityonthisissue變更科學(xué)界對這個問題的看法11.announcethefinding宣布這一發(fā)覺12.castdifferentshadowsofyou投下你不同的影子13.pouritlikealiquid像液體一樣倒下14.underone'sleadership在某人的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下15.anoutstandingandcreativescientist一位杰出而有創(chuàng)建力的科學(xué)家Ⅱ.語境記單詞1.Manypeoplearesurprisedbythetransformationthatthecompanyhasbeentransformedfromafamilybusinessintoamulti-million-poundenterprise.(transform)2.Initially,Ientirelyknewabouttheinitialstepstheytooktocreateabettercampus.(initial)3.Rose'sfatherisaskilledmechanicsoshehasbecomeanexpertinmechanicalproblemsaboutmechanicallypoweredvehicles,too.(mechanic)4.Inthetimeofwar,lotsofmoneywillbespentondefenceandmanymeasureswillbetakentodefendacountryfrombeingattacked.(defend)5.Asanassistant,heassistedtheprofessorwiththeexperiment.Andhisassistancemadetheexperimenteasiertodo.(assistant)6.Theirdaughterhadagiftforlanguagewhiletheirsonisagiftedpianist.(gift)7.Acountry,whichwantstobepowerfulandsteady,shouldpayattentiontodevelopingitseconomysteadily．(steady)8.ThefamousWestLakeislikeabrilliantpearlembeddedinthebeautifulandfertileshoresoftheEastChinaSeaandshockstouristsworldwidewithitsbrilliance．(brilliant)9.Withsolidproof(s),thelawyercancertainlyprovethatheisinnocent.(prove)10.Thesubscriberwasrichandgenerous,subscribingtwomilliondollarstotheRedCross.(subscribe)Ⅲ.語境記短語1.Icamedown(患病)withacoldthatforcedmetoslowdownmytraining.2.Thereareconcernsthatanewcivilwarmaybreakout(爆發(fā))ifnosolutionisfound.3.Ateacher,aboveall(最重要的是),shouldknowwhattodowiththeproblemsappearinginclasscorrectly.4.Thanksto(幸虧)thesedonations,thepoorestofthepoorarereceivingthebest-qualitymedicinesonoffer.5.Ihaveneversubscribedto(贊成)theviewthatschooldaysarethehappiestdaysofyourlife.6.Althoughthecitypreservesagoodlookingeneral(總的來說),someofitsheritagewasdestroyedinWorldWarⅡ.7.Aneducatorwhoisinchargeof(主管)England'sexamssaidareviewoftheprimaryschoolcourseswouldbeachancetodecideifitshouldbetaughttoyoungerpupils.8.Whydon'tyounegotiatedirectlywithhimandsolvethisissueonceandforall(徹底地)?Ⅳ.公式練句型1.假如你不明白某件事，你可以調(diào)查、探討以及和其他人交談，直到你把它弄明白為止。(until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句)Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomething，youmayresearch,studyandtalktootherpeopleuntilyoufigureitout．2.每天堅持寫學(xué)習(xí)日記是如此重要，所以我想把它介紹給你們。(so...that...)KeepingalearningdiaryeverydayissoimportantthatIwouldliketointroduceittoyou．3.我要去修一下我的電腦，因為它出故障了。(havesth.done)I'llhavemycomputerrepairedbecausethereissomethingwrongwithit.4.這個男孩似乎對參與機器人競賽特別感愛好。(Itseemsthat...)Itseemedthattheboywasquiteinterestedintakingpartintherobotcompetition.5.有網(wǎng)癮的青少年更可能患愁悶癥。(belikelytodosth.)TeenagerswhoareaddictedtotheInternetaremorelikelytosufferfromdepression.1.subscribevi.認購(股份)；定期訂購；定期交納(會費)[素養(yǎng)佳句]Heiskindenoughtosubscriberegularlytolocalcharities.他很和善，定期向當(dāng)?shù)氐拇壬茩C構(gòu)捐款。subscribeto訂閱；同意；贊同；捐贈subscribe...to...在……上簽……；向……捐……——寫出下列句中subscribeto的含義①Hesubscribestotheviewthatwecantacklethesevereprobleminthiswayonceandforall. 贊成；同意②Thisistheschoolyourfathersubscribedtogenerouslyinthepast. 捐贈③UsingthemoneyIearnedintheholiday,Ihavesubscribedtoseveralmagazinesrecently. 訂閱——完成句子④Allofussubscribetotheviewthatagoodparent-childrenrelationshipisbasedonmutualunderstandingandrespect.我們?nèi)咳硕假澇蛇@個觀點，即好的親子關(guān)系是基于相互理解和敬重的。subscribeto短語中to是介詞，后接名詞或動詞-ing形式。表示“贊成”的同義短語有：approveof,agreewith/to等；表示“捐助”的同義短語有：contributeto,donate...to等。2.suspectvt.&vi.懷疑；疑有；不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑對象[素養(yǎng)佳句]Don'tsuspecthimofhishonestybecauseheisveryreliable.不要懷疑他的誠懇，因為他很牢靠。(1)suspectsb.of(doing)sth.懷疑某人(做過)某事suspectsb./sth.tobe...懷疑某人/某物是……(2)suspicionn.懷疑；疑心undersuspicion被懷疑(3)suspiciousadj.懷疑的；可疑的besuspiciousof/aboutsth.對某事懷疑(4)suspectedadj.被懷疑的——單句語法填空①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.②Someofhiscolleaguesatworkbecamesuspicious(suspect)ofhisbehaviour.③Manypeoplesuspecthisfriendtobe(be)akidnapper.④Anymanwhohaswitnessedtheattackisundersuspicion.——完成句子⑤Thebosssuspectedhimoftakingthecomputerawayfromthecompany.老板懷疑他從公司拿走了電腦。3.blamevt.把……歸咎于；指責(zé)；指責(zé)n.責(zé)怪；指責(zé)[素養(yǎng)佳句]Policeareblamingtheaccidentondangerousdriving.警方把事故緣由歸咎于危急駕駛。(1)blame...for...因……而責(zé)怪……blamesth.onsb./sth.把某事歸咎于某人/某事betoblame(for...)(因……)應(yīng)擔(dān)當(dāng)責(zé)任；(因……)該受責(zé)怪(2)lay/puttheblame(for...)on...(把……)歸咎于……——單句語法填空①Onceyouformthehabitofblamingtheworldforyourfailure,youarealoser.②Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.③Itwastheprofessorratherthanhisassistantthatwastoblame(blame)forwhathadhappenedinthelab.——句式升級Alicewasinlowspiritsbecauseshewasblamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork.④Blamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.(過去分詞短語作狀語)betoblameforsth.意為“應(yīng)為某事負責(zé)或受指責(zé)”，其中不定式用主動形式表示被動含義。4.decreasen.削減；降低；削減量vt.&vi.(使大小、數(shù)量等)削減；減??；降低[素養(yǎng)佳句]InSpainandPortugaltherehasbeenadecreaseinthenumberofyoungpeopleoutofwork.在西班牙和葡萄牙，失業(yè)青年人數(shù)已經(jīng)有所下降。(1)decreaseby...削減了多少；increaseby...增加了多少decreaseto...削減到多少；increaseto...增加到多少decreasefrom...to...從……削減到……(2)onthedecrease在削減；ontheincrease在增加——單句語法填空①Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,thepopulationofthecityhasnowincreasedtoamillion.②Thepressureatworkisontheincreaseinalloccupations.③Tooursorrow,populationgrowthisdecreasingby1.4%inlargecitieseachyear.——一句多譯由于人類活動，一些稀有動物的數(shù)量在削減。④Becauseofhumanactivity,thenumberofsomerareanimalsisonthedecrease．(decreasen．)⑤Becauseofhumanactivity,thenumberofsomerareanimalsisdecreasing．(decreasev．)5.defendvt.保衛(wèi)；防守；辯解[素養(yǎng)佳句]Shewillbedefendinghertitleatnextmonth'schampionships.她將在下月的錦標(biāo)賽上爭取蟬聯(lián)冠軍。(1)defend...against/from(doing)...愛護……免受……defendoneself防衛(wèi)；為自己辯護(2)defencen.防衛(wèi)；保衛(wèi)；防衛(wèi)物indefence(of)愛護；為了保衛(wèi)；(為……)辯護inone'sdefence為某人辯護——單句語法填空①(2024·浙江卷7月)Terrified,ElliandItriedallthebeardefence(defend)actionsweknew.②Manytreeswereplantedtheretodefendtheearthfrombeingwashed(wash)away.③Whenadogattackedme,Ipickedupasticktodefendmyself(I)．④Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhandsasifindefence.——一句多譯人們認為應(yīng)當(dāng)訓(xùn)練學(xué)生愛護他們自己以免遭某些攻擊。⑤It'sthoughtthatstudentsshouldbetrainedtodefendthemselvesagainstsomeattacks.(defend)⑥It'sthoughtthatstudentsshouldbetrainedindefenceofthemselvesfromsomeattacks.(defence)6.aboveall最重要的是；尤其是[素養(yǎng)佳句]Ourgoodscompeteintermsofproductquality,reliabilityandaboveallvariety.我們的產(chǎn)品在質(zhì)量、牢靠性，尤其是品種方面頗具競爭力。afterall終歸；終究allinall整體說來；總而言之inall全部；合計atall(否定句)一點兒也不；(疑問句)究竟；原委firstofall首先——用all的相關(guān)短語填空①Iwasveryupsettofindoutthathedidn'tlikemygiftatall．②Thelittlegirlwasanxiousandbegantotremble.Afterall,itwasthefirsttimethatshehadbeenonthestage.③Howmanystudentsarethereinyourschoolinall?——完成句子④Allinall,Isincerelyinviteyoutocometoourschoolandseeforyourself.總之，我真誠地邀請你到我們學(xué)校來親自看看。7.Sb./Sth.belikelytodosth.[素養(yǎng)佳句]Ifyoucanfindsuitablelearningmethods,yourlearningefficiencyislikelytoimprove.假如你能找到合適的學(xué)習(xí)方法，你的學(xué)習(xí)效率就有可能會提高。(1)Sb./Sth.belikelytodosth.＝It'slikelythatsb./sth....某人/某物做某事是可能的。(2)notlikely絕不行能，肯定不會(3)unlikelyadj.不行能的——單句語法填空①(2024·全國Ⅰ卷)Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecover(recover)atafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.②Ifoneislateforajobinterview,itisnotlikelythathewillgetthejob.③Someonewholackspersistenceisunlikely(likely)tomakeagoodresearcher.——一句多譯白天這個時候他不行能來，因為他太忙了。④Heisnotlikelytocomeatthistimeofdaybecauseheistoobusy.(likely)⑤Itisnotlikelythathewillcomeatthistimeofdaybecauseheistoobusy.(Itislikelythat...)選詞填空outstanding;shift;pour;link;fault;thanksto;breakout;comedown;onceandforall;statistic1.Heissuchamanwhoisalwaysfindingfaultwithotherpeople.2.Thankstothehigh-speedtrains,wecangoaroundalloverthecountrymoreconveniently.3.Abigfirebrokeoutinthehotelyesterdayevening,whichcausedalotofdamage.4.Shelistened,shiftingnervouslyfromonefoottoanother.5.WhenJanesawhereffortspaidoff，tearsofhappinesspoureddownhercheeks.6.Unfortunately，theoutstandingastronomercamedownwithasevereillness.7.Yellowislinkedwithconfidence,self-respectandfriendliness.8.Statisticsshowthat50%ofnewbusinessesfailintheirfirstyearbecausetheylackenoughexperience.9.YuanLongpingisanoutstandingChineseagriculturalexpert.10.Wehavetohandlethismatteronceandforall．Ⅰ.語境猜詞義1.(2024·全國甲卷)It'stheseasidebirdsthatdeserveatleastpartoftheblameforgettingNickBurchillblacklistedattheFairmontEmpressHotelinVictoria,Canada. n.責(zé)任2.(2024·天津卷7月)Sherealizedshelookedlikeachild,withhertinyfigure.“Smalldoesnotmeanweak,sir，”shedefendedherself. v.辯解3.(2024·天津卷7月)Hepullsoutaspecialdevice,pointsitatthesuspect,andswitchesiton. n.可疑對象Ⅱ.一詞多義1.(2024·全國乙卷)PeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece. CA.v.灌，倒 B.v.(雨)傾盆而下C.v.(人)大量涌至 D.v.斟(飲料)2.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)It'sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend. BA.v.轉(zhuǎn)移(留意力等) B.v.挪動C.v.變更觀點 D.v.推卸責(zé)任Ⅲ.完成句子1.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)IhavebeenadevotedreadersinceIsubscribedtothenewspaper．自從我訂閱了這份報紙，我就成了忠實的讀者。2.(2024·全國乙卷寫作)Forinstance,itsflexibilityenablesustolearnatourownpaceandlearnrepeatedlyuntilwemasterwhatwearelearning．例如，它的敏捷性使我們能夠根據(jù)自己的節(jié)奏學(xué)習(xí)，并反復(fù)學(xué)習(xí)，直到我們駕馭了所學(xué)的東西。3.(2024·全國Ⅱ卷寫作)Webegantohelppickpeachesandthenhadthemdeliveredtothefarmers'houses.我們起先幫忙摘桃子，然后讓人把它們送到農(nóng)夫家里。4.(2024·全國Ⅰ卷寫作)Sheissopatientwitheachstudentthatwealllikeher.她對每位學(xué)生如此有耐性以至于我們都喜愛她。5.(2024·全國Ⅱ卷寫作)Aboveall,thepickingactivityalsoinspiredourloveoflabour.最重要的是，這次采摘活動也激發(fā)了我們對勞動的酷愛。Ⅰ.單詞拼法1.Thepartysufferedsevere(特別嚴峻的)lossesduringthelastelection.2.Hewasanoutstanding(杰出的)athleteanddeservedtowin.3.Thesechildrenhavehealthproblemslinked(相關(guān)聯(lián))toapoordietandalackofexercise.4.Asnobodyhereknowswhatiswrongwiththemachine,wemustsendforanengineertohandle(處理)theproblem.5.Itisnotyourfault(過錯),soyouneedn'tmakeanapologytoJim.6.Standingatthewindow,Iwatchedtherainpouring(傾瀉)down.7.Mymainreasonforsubscribing(訂閱)toNewScientististokeeppaceofadvancesinscience.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1.Duetothestricttrafficregulationsondrunkdriving,thenumberofaccidentshasdecreased(decrease)recently.2.Whenthingsgowrong,allofusnaturallyfeeldisappointedandfrustrated(frustrate)．3.Doyourememberthosepuzzleswhereyouhadtotransformonewordintoanother?4.Theyoungman