Unit+3+Getting+along+with+others+Grammar+and+usage+高中英語牛津譯林版（2020）必修第一冊

GrammarandusageOverviewofattributiveclausesTeachingAimsLearnthebasicconceptsaboutattributiveClause2.Learnhowtochoosethecorrectrelativepronounsandproverbs3.Learnto

apply

attributive

clause

in

the

writing.1.attributiveclauses.

定語從句在句子中起定語作用，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，有時(shí)也可修飾一個(gè)句子。受定語從句修飾的詞叫_________，定語從句通常由關(guān)系代詞_____________________________或關(guān)系副詞__________________引導(dǎo)，這些詞既指代主句中的先行詞,又充當(dāng)定語從句中的某個(gè)成分。定語從句可分為：限制性定語從句和____________定語從句。先行詞that,which,who,whom,whose

,as

when,where,why非限制性一、Attributiveclauses

1、Goovertheuseofrelativepronouns(關(guān)系代詞)

關(guān)系代詞先行詞充當(dāng)?shù)某煞质欠窨墒÷?/p>

that

which

who

whom

whose

sb./sth主、賓，表

賓可略

sth.主、賓

賓可略

sb.主、賓

賓可略

sb.賓

可略sb./sth.定語

不可略

2.Goovertheuseofrelativeadverbs(關(guān)系副詞)

關(guān)系副詞先行詞充當(dāng)?shù)某煞质欠窨墒÷?/p>

when

where

why

time時(shí)間狀語不可略

place地點(diǎn)狀語不可略reason原因狀語不可略二、Howtochooseaproperrelativepronounorrelativeadverbforanattributiveclause?

1.Thisisthehouse_______________heboughtyesterday.2.Doyouknowtheman_______________isinchargeofthecompany?3.Theboy____________fatherisadoctorhasnointerestinmedicine.4.Theschool_________I’mstudyingisverybig.5.Iwillneverforgettheday______Ifirstmethim.6.Thereason_____hedidn’tcomeyesterdayisnotclear.

that/which

who/that

whosewherewhenwhy總結(jié)：

要想為定語從句確定一個(gè)關(guān)系詞，首先要找出被定語從句修飾的_________，然后再分析定語從句的成分。若定語從句中缺少主語、賓或表語，則選用______。若定語從句中不缺主、賓或表語，或不需要賓語，則選用____________。先行詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞三、只能用that，不能用which的幾種情況。Doyouhaveanything

thatisimportanttotellme?2)Ihavesomebooksthatareverygood.ThisisthefirstbookthatIboughtmyself.4)ThebiggestbirdthatIcaughtisthisone.6)Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?7)Chinaisnolongerthecountrythat

she/itwas.8)ThisistheverybookthatIlostyesterday.9)Iwon’tforgetthethingsandthepersons

thatIsaw.總結(jié)：當(dāng)先行詞是______________________________________________________等不定代詞時(shí).或當(dāng)先行詞被_____________________________________等不定代詞修飾時(shí)。2)當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞_______、_____數(shù)詞所修飾時(shí)；或被the______,the______,the________,the_______所修飾時(shí)。something,nothing,anything,everything,all,each,much,little,few

all,any,some,no,little,each,every最高級序verylast

nextonly3)主句是以_______或_______開頭的特殊疑問句時(shí)。4)當(dāng)先行詞在從句和主句中都作_______

時(shí),無論先行詞是人還是物，都用that。5)當(dāng)先行詞既有_______又有______時(shí)。whowhich表語人物四.不可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系詞。1）Amy,____tookweight-losspills,nowrealizesthathealthisimportant.

2）Tom’ssister,______bodyisslim,stillwantstolosesomeweight.whowhose3）Mr.Li,______weoftenseeinthestreet,suddenlydiedyesterday.4）Iwanttobuyanewbicycle,_____

isquitepopularamongteenagers.5）Myfootballisinthebedroom,_______Ialwayskeepthem.6）We’llputoffthetripuntilnextmonth,_____Samfeelsbetter.whomwhichwherewhen總結(jié)：關(guān)系代詞________不用于非限制性定語從句。that五、“介詞+which/whom/whose”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中介詞的選用。

先行詞/關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作_______的賓語時(shí)，可以用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句。若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞常用三個(gè)，即：_____(指人)，______(指物)，______(指人/物的)。介詞whomwhichwhose1.Thisisthebook______whichIspent8yuan.2.Hegavemesomemoney______whichIwouldbuyanewdictionary.3.Isthatthenewspaper_______whichyouoftenwritearticles?withonfor總結(jié)：介詞的選擇可以根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動詞的____________來決定；根據(jù)先行詞的___________來決定。根據(jù)從句中謂語動詞與先行詞的___________來決定。習(xí)慣搭配習(xí)慣搭配邏輯關(guān)系練習(xí)：prep.+which/whom（不可?。?.Doyouknowtheboy_________yourmotheristalking?2.Hegavemesomenovels__________Iamnotveryfamiliar.3.Istillremembertheday_________IfirstgottoParis.4.Doyoulikethebook________shepaid$10?5.

Hebuiltatelescope_____________hecouldstudytheskies.forwhichthroughwhichonwhichwithwhichtowhom八.“whose+n”引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以改為“the+n+of+whom/which”或改為“ofwhom/which+the+n”

觀察與思考：注意下面句子中劃線部分的使用并分析何時(shí)用which，何時(shí)用whom？

1.Iliketheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.=Iliketheroom____________________facessouth.2.Hewantstomarryagirlwhoseparentisadoctor.=Hewantstomarryagirl________________isadoctor.thewindowofwhichtheparentofwhom

總結(jié)： “whose+n”引導(dǎo)的定語從句改為“the+n.+ofwhom/which”或改為“ofwhom/which+the+n.”時(shí)，仍然遵循“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句的原則，當(dāng)先行詞為sb時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用________，先行詞為sth時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用________。whichwhom六.數(shù)詞/代詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句。

“數(shù)詞/代詞+介詞（of）+關(guān)系代詞”=“介詞（of）+關(guān)系代詞+數(shù)詞/代詞”這種用法經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在非限制性定語從句中

1.Manypeople,someofwhomarenotoverweight,wanttoloseweight.2.Ihavetwobrothers,bothofwhomaredoctors.3.Hehasreadmanybooks,many/all/most/none…ofwhicharenovels.4.Isawalotofcarsinthecarpark,oneofwhichisMr.Zhang’s.ofwhomsomeofwhombothofwhommany/all/most/none.....ofwhomone七.theway（方式，方法）的定語從句。觀察與思考：

Fillintheblankswithaproperrelativepronounoradverb.1)Theway____________heansweredthequestionswassurprising.2)Idon’tliketheway____________hetaughtmetodothework.inwhich/that(that/which)總結(jié)：

theway做先行詞，且在定語從句中作狀語時(shí)，其后的定語從句通常用

____________引導(dǎo)，而且_____省略。theway做先行詞，若在定語從句中作主語或賓語，其后的定語從句則用_________引導(dǎo)；做賓語時(shí)，____省略。inwhich/that可以that/which可以Theearthisround,___________isknowntoall._____isknowntoall,theearthisround.Jensaidshecouldfinishthetaskintwohours,______Idoubtedverymuch.小結(jié)：as與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句都能指代整句內(nèi)容，但定語從句位于句首時(shí)，只能用as,意為“正如、恰如”。九、asVSwhich引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句比較as/whichAs

which

as引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句

Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatasthat當(dāng)主句中出現(xiàn)such或so時(shí),看后面從句是否缺主語或賓語:(1)缺主語或賓語,從句前用as(2)不缺主語和賓語,從句前用that技巧：歸納：as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句先行詞前常被such,thesame,so,as修飾，即構(gòu)成such…as,thesame…as,so…as,結(jié)構(gòu)，做題時(shí)容易忽略。as在定語從句中應(yīng)充當(dāng)成分如：主語、賓語或表語。as與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句都能指代整句內(nèi)容，但定語從句位于句首時(shí)，只能用

as,意為“正如、恰如”。1.I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.我已經(jīng)到了無法容忍他的地步了。國家正處在隨時(shí)有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭的局勢中。where引導(dǎo)的定語從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，但也有特殊情況。十：一些特殊詞之后的where解析：如果定語從句分別修飾point,situation,part,stage,condition，position和case等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”。2.TheScienceMuseum,_____wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.A.whichB.what C.thatD.where

1.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,_____hewentontoBeijingUniversity.A.afterwhich B.afterthat C.inwhich D.inthat

Practice4.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,_____NewYorkisanexample.A.forwhich B.inwhichC.ofwhich D.fromwhich3.Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,_____arebeyondourcontrol.A.mostofthem B.mostofwhichC.mostofwhat D.mostofthat2.避免單詞重復(fù)和句式單一1.補(bǔ)充細(xì)節(jié)，豐富文章內(nèi)容定語從句在寫作中的作用英語寫作中如何獲取高分？高考一檔作文評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn):句式多樣化，適量運(yùn)用復(fù)合句，比如定語從句、名詞性從句、狀語從句Application

(1)題干中出現(xiàn)兩句涉及同一事物的簡單句(2)題干中的定語較長，無法用簡單詞匯和短語表達(dá)

(3)題干中只有一個(gè)孤立的簡單句（補(bǔ)充細(xì)節(jié)，豐富內(nèi)容）寫作中什么時(shí)候會想到用定語從句：1.題干中出現(xiàn)兩句涉及同一事物的簡單句：1）找出這兩個(gè)簡單句中都出現(xiàn)了的同一個(gè)事物/人2）將其中一個(gè)事物/人用關(guān)系詞代替，引導(dǎo)從句,去修飾另外一個(gè)句子中那個(gè)相同的事物（注意關(guān)系詞的選用）如何寫出定語從句:I’vereadthenewspaper.Itcarriestheimportantnews.I’vereadthenewspapercarriestheimportantnews.which/that2.Mrs.Liuhasadaughter.Shelikesdancing.Mrs.Liuhasadaughter,likesdancing.who

Ourclassisabigfamily;

Itconsistsof33girlsand37boys.Mostofthemaremainlyfromthecountryside.Chenxiisakind-heartedgirl.Sheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.

Ourclassisabigfamily________consistsof31girlsand13boys,mostof_______aremainlyfromthecountryside.Chenxiisakind-heartedgirl,________isalwaysreadytohelpothers.Fillintheblankswhichwhomwho2.題干中的定語較長，無法用簡單詞匯和短語表達(dá)找出定語翻譯主干整合句子薛凱文是一個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)出色的開朗學(xué)生。Xuekaiwenisanoutgoingstudent,________________________________.whosemathisoutstanding.3.題干中只有一個(gè)孤立的