高中英語必修7第4單元上課知識點和填空

1.livewith與……住/生活在一起；忍受，容忍(P43,標題)①liveby以……為生②liveon靠吃……生存，以……為主食；繼續(xù)活著，繼續(xù)存在③livethrough經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受?、躭iveupto遵守，實踐；符合，不辜負（某人的期望）⑤live(out)one’sdream實現(xiàn)某人的夢想⑥liveout不住在工作/學(xué)習(xí)的地方；實踐，實現(xiàn)⑦liveahappy/hard/miserablelife過著幸福/艱難/痛苦的生活1)Inmoderntimes,peoplehavetolearnto_________kindsofpressurealthoughtheyareleadingacomfortablelife.【湖北卷】2)Smallbirdslivemainly____________insects.3)Thefishermenlive______________huntingandkillingwhales.4)Hefailedtolive___________________hisparents'expectations.5)Theoldmanhaslived_______________twoworldwars.6)Themoneyenabledthemtolive_____________theirdreams.livewithonbyuptothroughout2.imaginevt.想象，設(shè)想；誤以為，胡亂猜想，猜測；料想，認為(P44,L1)①imagine(sb./sb.’s)doingsth.想象（某人）干某事②imagine...as...想象/認為……是……③imagine...tobe/todosth....想象/認為……是/干……④imaginethat...想象/認為……▲imaginationn.想象，幻想；想象力，創(chuàng)造力[c/u]⑤inone'simagination只存在于/發(fā)生于頭腦中⑥useone'simagination動動腦筋⑦capture/catchone'simagination使某人出神/入迷⑧l(xiāng)eavesth.toone'simagination留給某人自己去想象▲imaginativeadj.創(chuàng)新的，富于想象力的

givenprep.考慮到，鑒于(P44,L3)類似的分詞作介詞有：regarding（關(guān)于），concerning（關(guān)于），respecting（關(guān)于），considering（就……而論，考慮到……），including（包括），accordingto（根據(jù)，依據(jù)），owingto（由于，因為），judgingfrom/by（由……來判斷），talking/speakingof（說到…）comingto（談到……），settingaside（除開……）等。（其后接名詞/代詞）類似的分詞作連詞有：giventhat（考慮到，鑒于），considering(that)（就……而論，考慮到……），provided/providing(that)（如果，假如），supposing(that)（如果，假如），assuming(that)（如果，假如），seeing(that)（既然，鑒于）等。（其后接從句）given

adj.已經(jīng)安排好的，規(guī)定的；指定的，特定的，所述的（作前置定語）given

n.認定的事實[c]begiventodoingsth.經(jīng)常做某事，習(xí)慣于做某事；往往會做某事1)_______________（考慮到）herage,shehasdonequitewell.2)___________________（考慮到）therewassolittletime,Ithinktheyhavedoneagoodjob.3)__________________（關(guān)于）yourletter,Ihavereadit.4)Weallwenttothepark,_____________（包括）Tom.5)________________（依據(jù)，按照）mywatch,it’s4o’clock.6)__________________（由……來判斷）hisaccent,hemustbefromGuangdongprovince.7)_______________（假如）thatmyexpensesarepaid,IwillgotoItaly.8)____________that（既然）sheisoldenoughtogetmarried,Idon’tseehowyoucanstopher.9)Theyweretomeetata_______________（規(guī)定的）timeandplace.10)Heisgivento____________(go)forlongwalksonhisown.Given/consideringGiventhat/ConsideringthatRegarding/Concerning/RespectingincludingAccordingtoJudgingfrom/bylivewithSupposing/Assuming/Providing/ProvidedSeeinggivengoingcapacityn.領(lǐng)悟（理解、辦事）能力，才能(for)[c/u]；容量，容積(of)[u]；職位，職責(zé)[c]；生產(chǎn)量[u](P44,L12)①haveacapacityfor有……的能力②haveacapacityofdoingsth./fordoingsth./todosth.有干某事的能力③inone'scapacityas以……的身份/職位analys/zevt.分析(P44,L12)▲analysisn.分析[c/u](復(fù)：analyses)①inthelast/finalanalysis最終，歸根結(jié)底▲analystn.分析者，分析家，化驗員[c]▲analyticaladj.分析的，解析的，分析性的_______________________（歸根結(jié)底）,it'samatterofpersonalchoice.Inthelast/finalanalysiscoinvt.創(chuàng)造（新詞語）；鑄（幣），造（硬幣）n.（統(tǒng)稱）硬幣[u]；一枚硬幣，金屬貨幣[c](P44,L16)①tocoinaphrase套用一句老話，用老話來說，常言道②becoiningit(in)/becoiningmoney暴富，賺大錢，發(fā)大財③toss/flipacoin拋硬幣（選擇/決定某事）④theothersideofthecoin事情的另一面⑤Everycoinhastwosides.任何事物都有兩面性。tonamebutafew略舉幾例，（表示列舉）等等(P45,L25)①forexample例如，舉例來說②forinstance例如③suchas比如，例如④take...forexample/asanexample以……為例①threatensb.withsth.用某物威脅某人②threatentodosth.威脅干某事③threatensb.todosth.威脅某人干某事④threatenthat...威脅說……⑤ athreatto對……（構(gòu)成）威脅⑥underthreat受到威脅，面臨威脅⑦underthreatof受到……的威脅，面臨……的威脅⑧make/issueathreatagainst對……發(fā)出/進行威脅⑨poseathreatto對……構(gòu)成威脅⑩carryoutathreat把威脅付諸行動threateningadj.威脅的，恐嚇的；烏云密布的athreateningletter恐嚇信▲threatenedadj.受到威脅的①commitsb./oneselftodoingsth./dosth.保證某人干某事，承諾干某事④becommittedto(doingsth./todosth.)致力于/堅信/忠誠于……⑥makeacommitmenttodoing/dosth.承諾/保證干某事④wipeoutcrime消除犯罪⑤Itisacrimethat………是罪過/不道德的。①commit(a)murder犯謀殺罪②getawaywithmurder逍遙法外，為所欲為，（做了錯事而）安然無事③Itismurderdoingsth.干某事是困難的。④Icouldmurdera...我非常想吃/喝……⑤Sb.willmurderyou.某人會宰了你（表示某人會很生氣）?！鴐urderern.殺人犯，殺人兇手[c]Icould______________apizzanow.現(xiàn)在我非常想要吃一張披薩。8)Youdadwill_____________youwhenhehearsaboutit.要是你爸聽說這事，他會宰了你。murdermurder①urgesb.todosth.催促/力勸某人干某事urgesb.intodoingsth.催促/力勸某人干某事②urgethat+s+(should)+v.竭力主張……③urgesb.on為某人加油；鼓勵/激勵某人④have/feelanurgetodosth.有做某事的欲望/沖動▲urgentadj.緊急的，緊迫的，迫切的；催促的，急切的⑤beinurgentneedof急需⑥Itisurgentthat+s+(should)+v.……是緊急的?！鴘rgentlyadv.緊急地，緊迫地，迫切地；催促地，急切地▲urgencyn.緊急，迫切；強求，催促[u]Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildren__________________(seize)theopportunitytojoinsportsgames.

toseize

①poseaquestion/athreat(/challenge/danger/risk)提出問題/構(gòu)成威脅（/挑戰(zhàn)/危險/風(fēng)險）②posefor為（照相或畫像）……擺好姿勢③poseassb.假裝成某人，裝扮成某人④strikeapose擺個姿勢典題賞析：1)Weposed____________photographsafterthegraduationceremony.2)Thiscouldposeathreat_____________theenvironment.3)Thebangenteredthebuilding_______________________（冒充）workmen.4)Mary______________________________（擺好姿勢）andsmiledforthecamera.fortoposingasstruckapose①beyondrecognition=outof(all)recognition認不出來；無法辨認②inrecognitionof表彰；作為對……的獎賞▲recognizevt.認識/出，辨別出；承認，意識到；認可，接受，贊成；贊賞，賞識，公認③recognizesb./sth.(by/from...)（從……）認出某人/某物④recognize…tobe/as…承認/認出/公認……是……⑤recognizethat…承認……1)Thebookisnowrecognized______________aclassic.2)Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshoppingwithout___________________(recognize).【北京卷】3)Ihaven’tseenSarasinceshewasalittlegirl,andshehaschanged_____________________（認不出）.【安徽卷】4)Lisa,Ididn’t______________（認出）you—you’vehadyourhaircut!【全國卷】5)Hereceivedtheaward______________________（表彰）hissuccessoverthepastyear.as/tobebeingrecognizedbeyondrecognitionrecognizeinrecognitionof①denydoingsth.否認干某事②Thereisnodenyingthat...不可否認……③Therecanbenodenyingthat...不可否認……④Itcan’tbedeniedthat...不可否認……⑤denysb.sth.=denysth.tosb.拒絕給予某人某物；不允許某人擁有某物或做某事⑥denyoneself克制自己典題賞析：1)Hedeniedthemoney______________hisson.2)Ican’tdeny_______________weneedtodevotemoreresourcestothisproblem.tothat3)_______________can’tbedeniedthatthishasbeenadifficultyearforthecompany.4)Thereisno______________(deny)thatquickeractioncouldhavesavedthem.5)Tomdenies_________________(break)thewindow.6)Hedenied________________(him)allpleasuresandluxuries.Itdenyingbreakinghimself1)修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的短語有：agreat/goodmanyalargenumberofquiteafewdozensof+名復(fù)+動復(fù)scoresofmany修飾不可數(shù)名詞的短語有：agreat/gooddealofagreat/largeamountofquitealittle+不可數(shù)名詞+動單much

既可修飾可數(shù)名詞又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞的短語有：alotoflotsofplentyofagreat/largequantityofgreat/largequantitiesof①spyon暗中監(jiān)視，窺探②spyout查明，了解清楚③spyouttheland摸清情況，窺察虛實①bury...in/at...把……埋藏/埋葬在……②buryoneselfin/beburiedin埋頭于，專心致志于③buryone’shead/facein...把頭/臉埋在……④buryone’sheadinthesand自欺欺人；逃避現(xiàn)實①bejustifiedindoingsth.干某事有正當(dāng)理由的②right/leftjustified右/左側(cè)對齊的▲justifyvt.證明……正確/正當(dāng)/有理；對……作出解釋，為……辯解；將（打印的字行）調(diào)整為邊緣對齊③justifydoingsth.證明干某事是正當(dāng)?shù)?正確的④justifysth./oneselftosb.向某人為某事/自己解釋/辯解▲justificationn.正當(dāng)理由[c/u]⑤injustificationof解釋，說明；為……辯護1)Shewasfullyjustified__________askingforhermoneyback.2)Idon’thavetojustifymyself___________youoranyoneelse.3)Nothingjustifies______________(make)suchamistake.4)AllIcansay______________________（為……辯解）heractionsisthatshewasundergreatpressureatwork.intomakinginjustificationof①thesuperiorityof……的優(yōu)越性②superiorityin在……方面的優(yōu)勢③superiorityto/over比……優(yōu)越④anairofsuperiority神氣活現(xiàn)的樣子1)Thesettlersremainedconvincedoftheirsuperiority__________thenativepopulation.2)TheUShasabsolutesuperiority__________airpower.3)Janetalwaysspokewith_________________________（神氣活現(xiàn)的樣子）.to/overinanairofsuperiorityat/in/totheforefrontof處于最前列，進入重要/主要地位(P53,L1)典題賞析：1)Ourcompanyhasalwaysbeen_________________________scienceandtechnology.我們公司在科技方面一直處于領(lǐng)先地位。2)Thecourtcasewasconstantly________________________mymind.這個訴訟案件一直縈系在我的心頭。at/in/totheforefrontofat/in/totheforefrontof②bydefinition根據(jù)定義，從定義上講③lackdefinition缺乏清晰度，清晰度不夠▲definiteadj.清楚的，明確的；確切的，④bedefiniteabout對……很明確/肯定define...as...把……解釋為/界定為……1)Amessagethatcan’tbeseenorheardis,__________________,noteffective.一個看不見、聽不著的信息，根據(jù)定義來說是無效的。2)Thephotograph_____________________.這張照片缺乏清晰度。3)People_______thedictionary_______abookwhichgivesthedifferentmeaningsofwords.人們把字典定義為一本能給出詞語的不同解釋的書。4)Shewasverydefinite____________howshefelt.bydefinitionlacksdefinitiondefiniteasabout①engageone'sinterest/attention吸引某人的興趣②engagesb.todosth.雇傭/聘用某人干某事③engagesb.as...雇傭/聘用某人為……④engagewith與……建立密切關(guān)系⑤engagein參加，參入⑥engagesb.insth.使某人參加/入某事▲engagedadj.忙于，從事于；已訂婚的；被占用的，電話占線的；使用中的⑦get/beengagedin/on忙于/從事于……⑧beengagedtosb.和某人訂婚⑨beengaged被占用的，電話占線的；使用中的⑩beotherwiseengaged另外有約，另外有事▲engagementn.訂婚，婚約；約定，約會[c]?breakoffone'sengagement解除婚約WhatifItoldyouthatdoctorscouldcreateavirtual“twin”inordertopractisedelicatesurgerybeforeattemptingitonthepatient?(P53,L24-26)

如果我告訴你，醫(yī)生可以創(chuàng)造一個虛擬的患者“雙胞胎”，先進行精確的手術(shù)練習(xí)，然后才在病人身上做手術(shù)，你覺得怎么樣？1）表示對未來的假設(shè)，意為“如果……怎么辦，要是……將會怎么樣”，從句可以使用虛擬語氣（用一般過去時或should＋v.）；也可以用陳述語氣（用一般現(xiàn)在時）。Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren'tthatinterestedin?如果他們花很長時間談?wù)撘环悴桓信d趣的畫怎么辦？Whatifitshouldrainheavilytomorrow?Whatifshefindsoutthatyou'velostherbook?如果她發(fā)現(xiàn)你把她的書丟了怎么辦?2）表示邀請或建議，意為“如果……怎么樣/如何？”。Whatifyoujoinusforlunch?同我們一起吃午飯怎么樣？Whatifwemovedthesofaoverhere?Wouldthatlookbetter?要是我們把沙發(fā)挪到這邊來會怎么樣？看上去會不會好一些？3）表示不重要，此時通常與so連用，意為“就算……那又怎樣？”。Sowhatifwe'realittlelate?就算我們遲到一會兒那又怎樣？Sowhatifnobodyelseagreeswithme?就算沒有一個人贊成我的意見，