2025屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)強(qiáng)化專練考點(diǎn)02閱讀理解記敘文含解析

考點(diǎn)02閱讀理解記敘文Passage1（2024·河北高三月考）Thecolawarsbecameaculturalphenomenon.CreditforthatgoestoDonaldKendall,PepsiCo'sbrilliantformerboss,whodiedonSeptember19thaged99.Agiftedsalesman,herosequicklythroughtheranksfromhisstartonthebottlinglinetobecomethefirm'stopsalesandmarketingexecutiveattheyoungageof35.SevenyearslaterhewasnamedCEO.In1974heinvestedintheSovietUnion,whichallowedPepsitobecomethefirstWesternproducttobelegallysoldbehindtheironcurtain.Bythetimeheresignedasbossin1986,PepsiCo'ssaleshadshotupnearly40times,to$7.6billion.Hislegacycontinuestoshapetheindustry.Mr.Kendallofferedamixofstrategicvision,principledleadershipandmarketingtalent.TwoyearsaftertakingchargeheacquiredFrito-Lay,aleadingproducerofsnacks,givingPepsiCoanadvantageofdiversitythatcontinuestothisday.PepsiCobroughtin$67billionlastyearinsalescomparedtoCoca-Cola's$37billion.Buthismostfamousmovewastheall-outmarketingblitz(閃電戰(zhàn))againstCoca-Cola,longtheglobalmarketleaderinnon-alcoholicdrinks.Thetwofirmshadcompetedfordecades,buttheymostlyfoughtlow-gradebattles.Mr.Kendallchangedthat,byforcingbothcompaniesintoanadvertisingarmsrace.In1975Coca-Colaspentaround$25milliononadvertisingandPepsiCosome$18million.By1985thosefigureshadshotupto$72millionand$57million,respectively.In1995PepsioutspentCokeby$112millionto$82million.Thiswasariskystrategyforbothcolacompetitorsbutitpaidoffbyhelpingnon-alcoholicdrinkswinagreater"shareofthroat".LastyearCoca-ColaandPepsiCoremainedintheleadingpositionasusual.Also,thecolawarsbenefitedbothcompaniesbyturningtheminto"theworld'sbestmarketers".Todayadecades-longaddictiontocut-pricequantitygrowthhasbeenreplacedbyafocusonincomeandprofits.1．WhatwasDonaldKendall'sfirstpositioninPepsiCo?A．CEO. B．Aworker. C．Asalesman. D．Marketingexecutive.2．WhatcanwelearnaboutColacompaniesfromthepassage?A．PepsiCohasalwaysbeenaheadofCoca-colainsales.B．Coca-Colapreferredlow-gradebattlestomarketingwars.C．Coca-Colaboughtasnackfirmtoenrichitsproductdiversity.D．PepsiCospent$30millionmorethanCoca-colainadvertisingin1995.3．Whydoestheauthorlistthefiguresinthefourthparagraph?A．ToprovethesuccessofbothColacompaniesinadvertisingproducts.B．TosuggestbothColacompaniesspenttoomuchmoneyinadvertising.C．TodescribehowPepsiCogotaheadofCoca-Colainthefiercemarketingwars.D．ToconfirmmarketingwarsbetweentheColacompanieswereawisemove.4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．DonaldKendallwastoblameforthecolaculturalphenomenon.B．DonaldKendallwasthemostsuccessfulbossinPepsiCohistory.C．DonaldKendallstartedthecolablitzwarsandachievedgreatsuccess.D．DonaldKendall'smarketingstrategiesbenefitedbothColacompanies.【答案】1．B2．D3．C4．C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了百事可樂杰出的前任老板唐納德?肯德爾利用營銷策略，發(fā)動可樂大戰(zhàn)并取得巨大勝利的故事。1．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Agiftedsalesman,herosequicklythroughtheranksfromhisstartonthebottlinglinetobecomethefirm'stopsalesandmarketingexecutiveattheyoungageof35”可知，DonaldKendall作為一名有天賦的推銷員，他最一起先在生產(chǎn)線上工作，在35歲的時候快速晉升為公司的銷售和營銷高管。由此可知，他最一起先是生產(chǎn)線上的一個工人。故選B。2．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“In1995PepsioutspentCokeby$112millionto$82million”可知，1995年百事可樂的支出是1.12億美元，超過可口可樂是8200萬美元。由此推知，百事可樂在1995年在廣告上的花費(fèi)比可口可樂多30萬美元。outspend意為“開支比……更大，花費(fèi)超過……”。故選D。3．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的“In1975Coca-Colaspentaround$25milliononadvertisingandPepsiCosome$18million.By1985thosefigureshadshotupto$72millionand$57million,respectively.In1995PepsioutspentCokeby$112millionto$82million”可知，1975年，可口可樂在廣告上花了大約2500萬美元，百事可樂花了大約1800萬美元。到1985年，這些數(shù)字分別上升到7200萬美元和5700萬美元。1995年百事可樂的支出超過可口可樂1.12億美元，達(dá)到8200萬美元。很明顯，列舉這些數(shù)字就是為了說明兩家公司為了獲得市場，在廣告方面的激烈競爭。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)表達(dá)此意。故選C。4．主旨大意題。第一段提到：可樂大戰(zhàn)成為了一種文化現(xiàn)象。這要?dú)w功于唐納德·肯德爾。二段主要介紹了DonaldKendall對百事可樂公司的巨大貢獻(xiàn)。第三段主要介紹肯德爾收購了零食生產(chǎn)商菲多利，使百事可樂公司占據(jù)優(yōu)勢。第四段主要介紹肯德爾的全面的營銷策略，這使得百事可樂和可口可樂兩家公司進(jìn)入激烈的廣告戰(zhàn)。最終一段介紹了肯德爾發(fā)起的可樂大戰(zhàn)帶來的影響。因此整篇文章主要介紹了肯德爾發(fā)動可樂大戰(zhàn)，并獲得巨大勝利的過程。C選項(xiàng)切題。故選C。Passage2（（2024·江蘇鹽城市·高二期中）Iwaited14yearstodosomethingthatIshouldhavedoneinmyfirstyearofteaching:shadowastudentforaday.ThisisthefirstyearIamworkinginaschoolbutnotteachingmyownclasses.BeingtheHighSchoolLearningCoach,myjobistoworkwithteachersandadministratorstoimprovestudents’learningoutcomes.Aspartofgettingmyfeetwet,theheadmastersuggestedI“be”astudentforaday:Iwastocompletealltheworkofa10th-gradestudent:iftherewerenotesontheboard,IcopiedthemasfastasIcouldintomynotebook;iftherewasanexperiment,Ididitwithmyhoststudent;iftherewasatest,Itookit.Icouldnotbelievehowdog-tiredIwasaftertheday,becauseIliterallysatdownthewholeday,exceptforwalkingtoandfromclasses.Weforgetasteachers,becauseweareonourfeetalot—infrontoftheboard,walkingaswespeak,circlingaroundtheroomtocheckonstudentwork….wemovealot.Butstudentsalmostnevermove,becauseineveryclass,theexpectationwasforustocomein,takeourseats,andsitdownforthewholeclass.Therefore,bytheendofthedayIwaseagertomove.Ihadplannedtogobacktomyofficeandwritedownsomenotesontheday,butIwassoexhaustedthatIcouldn’tdoanythingbutwatchTVandIwasinbedby8:30.IfIcouldgobackandchangemyclassesnow,Iwouldimmediatelychangethefollowingthreethings:1.mandatorystretchhalfwaythroughtheclass;2.putabasketballhooponthebackofmydoorandencouragekidstoplayinthefirstandfinalminutesofclass;3.buildahands-on,move-aroundactivityintoeverysingleclassday.5．Whydidtheheadmastersuggesttheauthordothetask?A．Tohelptheauthorwithhernewjob. B．Toallowtheauthortorealizeherdream.C．Tolettheauthorlearnfromotherteachers. D．Totestwhethertheauthorwasagoodcoach.6．Whatwastheauthorsupposedtodoinclass?A．Instructthestudentshowtotakenotes. B．Findoutwhatsubjectthestudentsliked.C．Dowhatthestudentswererequiredtodo. D．Teachstudentstodochemicalexperiments.7．Howdidtheauthorfeelaftertheday?A．ShelostinterestinTV. B．Shehadpityforstudents.C．Shefeltunsatisfiedwiththeschool. D．Shethoughtteachersmovetoomuch.8．Whatdothethreechangeshaveincommon?A．Theyareafter-classactivities. B．Theyencouragestudentstolovesports.C．Theypreventstudentsfromsittingtoolong. D．Theyaregoodforbothteachersandstudents.【答案】5．A6．C7．B8．C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要記敘了作者為了完成新工作，去做學(xué)生的一天，一天過后作者感到特別乏累，也意識到學(xué)生幾乎從來不動，因此變更了自己的課程并制定了三條規(guī)則來防止學(xué)生坐得太久。5．推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段“BeingtheHighSchoolLearningCoach,myjobistoworkwithteachersandadministratorstoimprovestudents’learningoutcomes.(作為一名中學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)教練，我的工作是與老師和管理人員合作，提高學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)成果)”以及第三段“Aspartofgettingmyfeetwet,theheadmastersuggestedI“be”astudentforaday:Iwastocompletealltheworkofa10th-gradestudent:iftherewerenotesontheboard,IcopiedthemasfastasIcouldintomynotebook;iftherewasanexperiment,Ididitwithmyhoststudent;iftherewasatest,Itookit.(為了讓我盡快適應(yīng)，校長建議我“當(dāng)”一天學(xué)生。我必需完成十年級學(xué)生的全部工作：假如黑板上有筆記，我就以最快的速度抄到筆記本上；假如有試驗(yàn)，我就和我的寄宿生一起做；假如有考試，我就要參與)”可知，校長建議作者做這個任務(wù)，是為了幫助作者完成她的新工作。故選A。6．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“Iwastocompletealltheworkofa10th-gradestudent:iftherewerenotesontheboard,IcopiedthemasfastasIcouldintomynotebook;iftherewasanexperiment,Ididitwithmyhoststudent;iftherewasatest,Itookit.(我必需完成十年級學(xué)生的全部工作：假如黑板上有筆記，我就以最快的速度抄到筆記本上；假如有試驗(yàn)，我就和我的寄宿生一起做；假如有考試，我就要參與)”可知，作者在課堂上應(yīng)當(dāng)做學(xué)生被要求做的事。故選C。7．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段“Icouldnotbelievehowdog-tiredIwasaftertheday,becauseIliterallysatdownthewholeday,exceptforwalkingtoandfromclasses.Weforgetasteachers,becauseweareonourfeetalot—infrontoftheboard,walkingaswespeak,circlingaroundtheroomtocheckonstudentwork….wemovealot.(我簡直不敢信任一天之后我是如此乏累，因?yàn)槲艺娴淖艘怀商欤俗呗飞舷抡n。作為老師，我們常常會遺忘，因?yàn)槲覀兂３Ｕ局诤诎迩埃贿呎f話一邊走路，在教室里轉(zhuǎn)圈查看學(xué)生的作業(yè)……我們常常走動)”可推知，一天之后作者感覺憐憫學(xué)生。故選B。8．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中“Butstudentsalmostnevermove,becauseineveryclass,theexpectationwasforustocomein,takeourseats,andsitdownforthewholeclass.(但學(xué)生們幾乎從不動，因?yàn)樵诿抗?jié)課上，他們期望都是等著我們進(jìn)來，坐好，然后坐滿整個班級)”以及最終三段“1.mandatorystretchhalfwaythroughtheclass;2.putabasketballhooponthebackofmydoorandencouragekidstoplayinthefirstandfinalminutesofclass;3.buildahands-on,move-aroundactivityintoeverysingleclassday.(1.上課中途必需做伸展運(yùn)動；2.在我的門后掛一個籃球筐，激勵孩子們在第一節(jié)課和最終一節(jié)課上打球；3.在每個上課的日子里都建立一個動手的活動)”可知，這三個變更的共同點(diǎn)是都是為了防止學(xué)生坐太久。故選C。Passage3（2024·上海市大同中學(xué)高三期中）TherehavebeenmanygreatviolinistsbutnonecouldholdacandletoKuznetsov,amiraculousyoungRussian.Onhisemergencewhilestillinhisteens,hisplayingwasfilledwithtimelesswisdombeyondhisyears;henowholdsthestagewithimmenseauthority.Soitcomesnosurprisethatheisabouttoaddanewstringtohisbow.WhenheperformswiththeEnglishChamberOrchestra,itwillbeasbothsoloist(獨(dú)奏者)andconductor.“It’ssomethingI’veoftenthoughtabout,”hesays.Othermusicianswhohavetradedtheboworpianoforthebaton(指揮棒)havefailed;thetransitionisnoteasy,ofwhichheisaware.“Themostcrucialthingisthehumanchemistrybetweenconductorandplayers.Youmustavoidatallcostsbeinganoutsider,asthoughsayingtotheorchestra,‘YoumakeyourmusicwhileIimaginemine.’”Heisquiterelaxedaboutnotyethavinghisownhand-language---everyconductorisdifferent.Kuznetsovbelievestheconnectionbetweennotesisnotjustphysical,butalsospiritual.Spirituallyis,forKuznetsov,theconductor’skeycharacteristic.“Anditshouldideallybeexpressedthroughbeautyofmovement,”hesays.Someconductorsthrowthemselvesabout,othershardlymoveamuscle.WherewillKuznetsovfitonthatscale?“Wemustwaitandsee,”hesays.Kuznetsovhimselfmovedstraightasanarrowtowardhisgoal.Hisfatherwasanoboist(雙簧管演奏者)andhismotherconductedachoir,butattheageoffour,youngLeonidsettledontheviolin.“Theviolinislocatedatthefrontoftheorchestra.Itseemedverydesirabletositthereandshowoff.”Hegavehisfirstconcertattheageoffive.“WhenIwentonstage,Ibowedsodeeplyandsolongthattheaudiencelaughed---butIknewthatthiswaswhatgreatartistsalwaysdid.Ifeltitwasanhonourfortheaudiencetolistentome.”HisprogrammethatdayincludedPaganinivariations,“whichwereveryeasyforme”.Whatishisviewnowoftherecordingshemadeatthatage?“Ididn’thavethetechniqueIhavenowbutacrosstheyearstheintuitionhasnotchanged.IstillfeeleverytimeIgoonstageasthoughI’mnewborn.”Kuznetsovcautiouslypaceshisowndevelopment.Hedidn’tgivehisfirstperformanceofBeethoven’sViolinConcertountilhefeltreadyforit,andhe’llletBach’sworksstayinhismindforsomeyears.OneofKuznetsov’sadmirerswonderswhetherheisindangerofnothangingonto“thefearlessnessofyouth”.OntheevidenceofKuznetsov’sbravelyassurednewinterpretationoftheBrahmsConcerto,whichheplaysonanewCDrelease,I’dsaythathisfearlessnessisinnodangeryet.9．Kuznetsovthinks________ismostimportantinconducting.A．theplayers’recognitionoftheconductorB．theunderstandingbetweentheconductorandtheorchestraC．whethertheconductorhascooperatedwiththeplayersbeforeD．theconductor’sandtheorchestra’sknowledgeofthecomposition10．WhatcanbelearnedaboutKuznetsovfromthepassage?A．Heisn’tasenthusiasticasbeforeabouttheviolin.B．Hewasconfidentwhilegivinghisfirstconcert.C．Hedidn’tstarttoplaytheviolinuntilfive.D．HeplanstogiveBach’sworksatryfirst.11．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．It’seasyforpianoorviolinplayerstobecomeconductors.B．Violinplayersareusuallythosewholiketoshowoffinanorchestra.C．ThewriterthinkshighlyofKuznetsov’sperformanceasaconductor.D．Kuznetsovhasn’tdecidedwhichconductor’shand-languagetofollow.12．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Aviolinist’sunderstandingofmusic.B．Kuznetsov’seffortsthathaveledtohissuccess.C．Aviolinist’snewattemptsinhismusicalambitions.D．Kuznetsov’sinsightintohowtechniquesmatterinperformance.【答案】9．B10．B11．C12．C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了宏大的小提琴家Kuznetsov試圖轉(zhuǎn)型為指揮家的音樂生涯的轉(zhuǎn)變?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句“Themostcrucialthingisthehumanchemistrybetweenconductorandplayers.”（最重要的是指揮家和演奏者之間的化學(xué)反應(yīng)。）可知，Kuznetsov認(rèn)為在指揮中指揮家和管弦樂隊(duì)之間的默契是最重要的。故選B。2.推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段后三句WhenIwentonstage,Ibowedsodeeplyandsolongthattheaudiencelaughed---butIknewthatthiswaswhatgreatartistsalwaysdid.Ifeltitwasanhonourfortheaudiencetolistentome.”HisprogrammethatdayincludedPaganinivariations,“whichwereveryeasyforme”.（當(dāng)我走上舞臺，深深鞠了一躬，鞠了很長時間，觀眾們都笑了——但我知道，宏大的藝術(shù)家總是這樣做的。我覺得聽眾能聽我的節(jié)目是一種榮譽(yù)。他那天的節(jié)目包括帕格尼尼變奏曲，“對我來說很簡單”。）可推知，Kuznetsov第一次演出時很自信。故選B。3.推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句“OntheevidenceofKuznetsov’sbravelyassurednewinterpretationoftheBrahmsConcerto,whichheplaysonanewCDrelease,I’dsaythathisfearlessnessisinnodangeryet.”（Kuznetsov在新發(fā)行的CD中對勃拉姆斯協(xié)奏曲進(jìn)行了大膽的新詮釋，依據(jù)這一證據(jù)，我想說他還是會始終無所畏懼的。）可知，作者對Kuznetsov作為指揮家的表演是評價很高的。故選C。4.主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段第一句“TherehavebeenmanygreatviolinistsbutnonecouldholdacandletoKuznetsov,amiraculousyoungRussian.”（宏大的小提琴家有許多，但沒有人能與Kuznetsov同日而語，他是一位不行思議的年輕俄羅斯人。）和其次段第一句“Othermusicianswhohavetradedtheboworpianoforthebaton(指揮棒)havefailed;thetransitionisnoteasy,ofwhichheisaware.”（其他用小提琴或鋼琴換指揮棒的音樂家已經(jīng)失敗了;這一轉(zhuǎn)變并不簡單，他也清晰這一點(diǎn)。）可知，本文是講宏大的小提琴家Kuznetsov試圖轉(zhuǎn)型為指揮家的音樂生涯的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選C。Passage4（（2024·江蘇高三月考）“She'sawfullycute.”That'swhatMartyGinsburgthoughtwhenhemethisfellowCornellstudentRuthBaderin1950.Soonhenoticedsomethingelse."Hethoughtshewasawfullysmart,”saystheirsonJamesGinsburg.“MomsaidDadwastheonlyboywhodatedher,”Jamessays,"whocaredthatshehadabrain."Thatbrain,ofcourse,wouldtakeherallthewaytotheSupremeCourt.ButwhiletheworldknowsaboutRuthBaderGinsburg-thesecondwomantobeappointedasU.S.SupremeCourtjustice-thestoryofthegrandloveaffairbetweenRuthandMartyhasn'tbeenpubliclytolduntilnow.AsRuthbecameanexpertingender-discriminationlaw,sheandMartywerealivingexampleofwhatequalityofthesexeswasallabout."Ididthecooking,andshedidthethinking,”Martyoftenjoked.But,asRuthsawit,"Withouthim,IwouldnothavegainedaseatontheSupremeCourt.”Theteststothecouple'slovecameearlyandoften.Whentheywerestillinlawschool,Martygotcancer.Whileheunderwentradiation,Ruthorganizedhisfriendstotakeclassnotes.“He'dgetuparoundmidnightandtheneatwhateverfoodIhadcookedforhim,"Ruthsaid.Martysurvived.AfterRuthwasappointedtotheU.S.CourtofAppealsin1980,MartyfollowedhertoD．C．"Hewasalwaystryingtogethertoleavetheofficeandcomehomefordinner,"saysNPRlegalcorrespondentNinaTotenberg.AndwhenshegotthenominationasaJustice,Martytookhershoppingtopickoutsuitsforherconfirmationhearings.Healsojoinedthecourt's“spousesclub",becausehewantedtocookwhentheyallgottogether.Theirlovetookonanewmeaningin2010,afteratumorwasfoundinMartyandRuthbecamehiscaretakeragain,stayingupwithhimthroughthenight.InhisfinaldaysMartylefthiswifeanote:“YouaretheonlypersonIhavelovedinmylifeandIhaveadmiredyousincethedaywefirstmetatCornell56yearsago.”Hedied10dayslater.ThenextdayRuthreturnedtoworkonthebench.Askedwhy,shehadasimpleanswer:“Martywouldhavewanteditthatway.”13．InRuth'seyeswhatmakesMartydifferentfromtheothermendatingher?A．Hecoulddocookingforher. B．Hewasfascinatedbyherwisdom.C．Hehelpedherpromotesexualequality. D．Hecamefromthesameuniversityasshedid.14．WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A．WhatchangestookplaceinRuth. B．WhyMartywasaddictedtocooking.C．HowMartysupportedRuthalltheway. D．HowRuthbecameaSupremeCourtjustice.15．TheunderlinedsentenceimpliesthatMartywishedRuthtoA．fulfilhisdream B．forgettheirpastC．worklonghours D．moveonwithouthim16．Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．RuthBaderGinsburg:HerSweetFamily B．RuthBaderGinsburg:HerLifeExperienceC．RuthBaderGinsburg:HerGreatLoveStory D．RuthBaderGinsburg:HerFightForGenderEquality【答案】13．B14．C15．D16．C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了其次位被任命為美國最高法院大法官的女性RuthBaderGinsburg和她丈夫RuthBader的愛情故事。13．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中“"Hethoughtshewasawfullysmart,”saystheirsonJamesGinsburg.“MomsaidDadwastheonlyboywhodatedher,”Jamessays,"whocaredthatshehadabrain."(他們的兒子JamesGinsburg說：“他認(rèn)為她特別聰慧，媽媽說爸爸是和她約會的男孩中唯一一個在乎她有才智的男孩?！?”可知，在Ruth眼中，Marty和其他男人的不同之處在于，他被她的才智迷住了。故選B。14．主旨大意題。依據(jù)第五段“AfterRuthwasappointedtotheU.S.CourtofAppealsin1980,MartyfollowedhertoD.C."Hewasalwaystryingtogethertoleavetheofficeandcomehomefordinner,"saysNPRlegalcorrespondentNinaTotenberg.AndwhenshegotthenominationasaJustice,Martytookhershoppingtopickoutsuitsforherconfirmationhearings.Healsojoinedthecourt's“spousesclub",becausehewantedtocookwhentheyallgottogether.(1980年，露絲被任命為美國上訴法院法官后，馬蒂跟隨她來到華盛頓特區(qū)“他總是想讓她離開辦公室回家吃晚飯，”美國國家公共電臺的法律記者NinaTotenberg說。當(dāng)她被提名為大法官時，馬蒂帶著她去購物，為她的確認(rèn)聽證會選擇西裝。他還加入了法院的“配偶俱樂部”，因?yàn)樗朐谒麄兙墼谝黄鸬臅r候做飯)”可知，第五段主要講了Martys是如何始終支持Ruth的。故選C。15．推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中“InhisfinaldaysMartylefthiswifeanote:“YouaretheonlypersonIhavelovedinmylifeandIhaveadmiredyousincethedaywefirstmetatCornell56yearsago.”Hedied10dayslaterThenextdayRuthreturnedtoworkonthebench.(在他生命的最終時刻，馬蒂給妻子留了一張便條：“你是我一生中唯一愛的人，從56年前我們在康奈爾高校相遇的那一天起，我就始終敬佩你?！?0天后，他去世了。其次天，露絲又回到了法官席上工作)”結(jié)合上文提到Marty始終支持Ruth的事業(yè)，所以即使是Marty死后，他也希望Ruth接著她的生活。由此推知，劃線句子示意著Marty希望Ruth在他去世后，接著生活。故選D。16．主旨大意題。依據(jù)其次段中“ButwhiletheworldknowsaboutRuthBaderGinsburg-thesecondwomantobeappointedasU.S.SupremeCourtjustice-thestoryofthegrandloveaffairbetweenRuthandMartyhasn'tbeenpubliclytolduntilnow.(雖然世人都知道露絲·巴德·金斯伯格——其次位被任命為美國最高法院大法官的女性——但露絲和馬蒂之間的宏大愛情故事直到現(xiàn)在才被公開)”結(jié)合文章主要講解并描述了其次位被任命為美國最高法院大法官的女性RuthBaderGinsburg和她丈夫RuthBader的愛情故事?？芍?，C選項(xiàng)“RuthBaderGinsburg：她宏大的愛情故事”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。Passage5（2024·煙臺市中英文學(xué)校高三月考）Onemorning,Ann'sneighborTracyfoundalostdogwanderingaroundthelocalelementaryschool.SheaskedAnnifshecouldkeepaneyeonthedog.Annsaidthatshecouldwatchitonlyfortheday.Tracytookphotosofthedogandprintedoff400FOUNDfliers(傳單),andputtheminmailboxes.Meanwhile,Annwenttothedollarstoreandboughtsomepetsupplies,warninghertwosonsnottofallinlovewiththedog.Atthetime,Ann'ssonThomaswas10yearsold,andJack,whowasrecoveringfromaheartoperation,was21yearsold.FourdayslaterAnnwasstilllookingafterthedog,whomtheyhadstartedtocallRiley.Whenshearrivedhomefromwork,thedogthrewitselfagainstthescreendoorandbarkedmadlyather.Assoonassheopenedthedoor,Rileydashedintotheboys'roomwhereAnnfoundJacksufferingfromaheartattack.RileyranovertoJack,butassoonasAnnbentovertohelphimthedogwentsilent.“Ifithadn'tcometogetme,thedoctorsaidJackwouldhavedied，”Annreportedtoalocalnewspaper.Atthispoint,noonehadcalledtoclaimthedog,soAnndecidedtokeepit.ThenextmorningTracygotacall.AmannamedPeterrecognizedhislostdogandcalledthenumberontheflier.Tracystartedcrying,andtoldhim,“Thatdogsavedmyfriend'sson.”PeterdrovetoAnn'shousetopickuphisdog,andsawThomasandJackcryinginthewindow.AfterafewmomentsPetersaid,“MaybeOdiewassupposedtofindyou,maybeyoushouldkeepit.”17．WhatdidTracydoafterfindingthedog?A．Shelookedforitsowner. B．ShegaveittoAnnasagift.C．Shesoldittothedollarstore. D．Sheboughtsomefoodforit.18．HowdidthedoghelpsaveJack?A．BybreakingthedoorforAnn. B．ByleadingAnntoJack'sroom.C．BydraggingJackoutoftheroom. D．ByattendingJackwhenAnnwasout.19．WhatwasAnn'sattitudetothedogaccordingtoParagraph4?A．Sympathetic. B．Doubtful. C．Tolerant. D．Grateful.20．Whatcanweinferaboutthedogfromthelastparagraph?A．ItwouldbegiventoOdie. B．ItwouldbekeptbyAnn'sfamily.C．ItwouldbereturnedtoPeter. D．ItwouldbetakenawaybyTracy.【答案】17．A18．B19．D20．B【分析】這是一篇記敘文。一天，Tracy在當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校旁邊撿到一只流浪狗，把它交代給鄰居Ann照看，自己去找狗的主子。Ann

答應(yīng)只照看這只狗一天。結(jié)果在沒找到狗主子之前Ann和她的兩個兒子始終照看這只狗而且很快喜愛上了它。Ann的大兒子有心臟病，多虧了這只狗幫

Ann

剛好救了她兒子，所以當(dāng)狗主子來認(rèn)領(lǐng)狗時全家人都舍不得它走。最終，狗留在了Ann家里，成為家庭一員。17．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句“Tracytookphotosofthedogandprintedoff400FOUNDfliers（傳單）,andputtheminmailboxes.（Tracy給狗拍照，印了400份找狗的傳單并把它們放在網(wǎng)上。）”可知,Tracy在找狗的主子，故選A。18．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段句子“Whenshearrivedhomefromwork,thedogthrewitselfagainstthescreendoorandbarkedmadlyather.Assoonassheopenedthedoor,Rileydashedintotheboys’roomwhereAnnfoundJacksufferingfromaheartattack.

”可知，當(dāng)她下班回家時，那只狗撲到紗門上，對著她瘋狂地吠叫。Riley一開門就沖進(jìn)了男孩們的房間，安發(fā)覺杰克心臟病發(fā)作了。由此可知狗Riley是通過向Ann狂叫并領(lǐng)

Ann

進(jìn)入Jack的房間讓Ann發(fā)覺Jack犯了心臟病從而剛好救了

Jack的。故選B。19．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段Ann跟報社說的話“Ifithadn’tcometogetme,thedoctorsaidJackwouldhavedied,”Annreportedtoalocalnewspaper.Atthispoint,noonehadcalledtoclaimthedog

”可知，假如不是狗領(lǐng)著Ann找到Jack，Jack可能就死了。也就是狗救了

Jack的命，所以可以推斷Ann對狗很感謝，感謝它救了她兒子的命。故選D。20．推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“AfterafewmomentsPetersaid,“MaybeOdiewassupposedtofindyou,maybeyoushouldkeepit.”可知，過了一會兒，彼得說:

“或許Odie應(yīng)當(dāng)去找你，或許你應(yīng)當(dāng)養(yǎng)著它。由此推斷出，狗最終是留在了Ann的家里。故選B。Passage6（（2024·山東高三月考）Thesignsappearedpracticallyovernight.Theyappearedeverywhere.Eachfeaturedjustafewupliftingwordsinsimpleblacktype：“Don’tGiveUp.”“YouAreWorthyofLove.”AtthehighschoolinNewberg，Oregon，twostudentskilledthemselvesthatyear，sothetownof25，000instantlyunderstoodthemessages.Fordays，whatnoonecouldfigureoutwaswhohadplantedthem.AmyWolffhad.ShefeltnecessarytoaddressNewberg’sgrief.Sheplantedthesignsanonymously(匿名)becauseshewantedthemtobeabouttheirmessage，notanyoneperson.YetasWolffsawthedeepinfluencehersignshadonherneighbors，shedecidedtosharehermessagepublicly.Instantly，hermailboxwasfloodedwithrequestsformoresigns.Sheaskedafriend，graphicdesignerJessicaBrittell，toprintmore.“Wedecidedtojustrideitout，justkeepgoinguntiltheordersstop，”saysWolff.ThatwasinMay2024.Sincethen，theDon’tGiveUpMovementlaunchedbyWolffhasspreadfromNewbergtotheheartsandyardsofpeopleineverystateandseveralcountries.Wolffchargesonlythecostofmaterialsandshipping.“It’saterriblebusinessdecisionifwewantedtofunctionlikeabusiness，”shesays.OneofthemosthearteningelementsoftheDon’tGiveUpMovementisthatithasgoneviralinaremarkablyhumanway.Peoplehavetakentoplantingthesignsintheirlawns，takingselfies，andthenpostingthemtoshare.“ItwasthebestfeelingintheworldthatIcouldhaveanimpactoutsideofschoolbyusingtheseproducts，”saysateacher，inTexasteachingalessoninunityafterhisclassroommovedonline.“Thiswasagoodwaytoletthemknowthatwecareevenwhenwecan’tseethem.”Wolff'smessageisabouttogrowyetagain.“Buttherehasneverbeenamorefiercebackdroptothepowerofhopeandsympatheticactionthanrightnow，”Wolffshares.21．WhatdidAmyWolffdointheneighboringcommunity?A．Shedecoratedthetowninsimpleblacktype.B．Sheurgedthetowntoadmirethemessages.C．Shepersuadedtheneighborstobeactive.D．Sheplantedsignswithupliftingwords.22．WhydidWolffchoosetosharehermessagepublicly?A．Toinfluencemorepeople. B．ToaddressNewberg’sgrief.C．Toraisepeople’sawareness. D．Tomeetneighbors’requests.23．WhatdidWolffsacrificetosatisfyconsumers’needs?A．Hersparetime. B．Herownprofits.C．Thedeliveringfees. D．Thecostofmaterials.24．WhatcanwelearnfromWolff'sstory?A．Hardworkleadstosuccess.B．Lovecantakeuseverywhere.C．Greatthingsaredonebymassefforts.D．Loveorlovingyourselfcouldbewakened.【答案】21．D22．A23．B24．D【分析】文章是記敘文。主要講解并描述了Wolff因?yàn)閮蓚€學(xué)生自殺身亡的事務(wù)，為了激勵人們不要輕易放棄希望，在社區(qū)到處豎起了“絕不放棄”等標(biāo)語牌，受到鄰居的贊許。后來把這種做法推廣到更多的地方，激勵更多的人們要對生活充溢希望，絕不放棄。表明愛和自愛可以被喚醒?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第一句“Thesignsappearedpracticallyovernight.”（這些跡象幾乎是一夜之間出現(xiàn)的。），第三句“Eachfeaturedjustafewupliftingwords”（每一個都有一些令人激昂的詞語）和其次段第一句“AmyWolffhad.”（是Amy豎起了它們）可知，AmyWolff在社區(qū)豎起了不少讓人們激昂精神的標(biāo)語。故選D。2.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第一句“YetasWolffsawthedeepinfluencehersignshadonherneighbors，shedecidedtostepforwardtosharehermessagepublicly.”（然而，當(dāng)沃爾夫看到她的標(biāo)記對鄰居的深遠(yuǎn)影響時，她確定站出來，公開共享她的信息。）可知，她公開共享信息，目的是為了影響更多的人。故選A。3.推理推斷題。由第四段倒其次句“Wolffchargesonlythecostofmaterialsandshipping.”（Wolff只收取成本和運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用）可知，Wolff沒有獲得任何利潤。故選B。4.推理推斷題。文章第一段提到鎮(zhèn)子里有兩個學(xué)生自殺，為了勸慰人們，Wolff在社區(qū)到處豎起了勵志的標(biāo)語牌。文中第四段第一句提到“theDon’tGiveUpMovement”，說明激勵人們要對生活充溢希望，絕不放棄。最終結(jié)尾部分，Wolff共享的內(nèi)容是“Buttherehasneverbeenamorefiercebackdroptothepowerofhopeandsympatheticactionthanrightnow”（但是從來沒有像現(xiàn)在這樣，充溢希望和憐憫心的力氣如此強(qiáng)大）。所以從文中可以了解到，愛和自愛是可以被喚醒的，故選D。Passage7（2024·河北邯鄲市·高三期末）EmilyBonfimCamargo,a10-yeiir-oldgirl,hascerebralpalsy（大腦性癱瘓）.Becauseofhercondition,herinvoluntarymovementspreventherfromfreelyholdingobjectswithherhandsorstandingup.She'sneverbeenabletowalk,butthatdoesn'tmeanshedoesn’thavethesamedreamsandhopesasotherchildren.Inparticular,she'salwayswantedtoride